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Articles 301 - 330 of 502
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Response Of Soil And Water Quality To Winter Manure Application From Small Agricultural Watersheds In South Dakota, Shikha Singh
Response Of Soil And Water Quality To Winter Manure Application From Small Agricultural Watersheds In South Dakota, Shikha Singh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The extreme winter conditions prevailing in the state of South Dakota make it difficult for the livestock producers to manage the manure generated at the farm. The South Dakota Department of Environmental and Natural Resources does not recommend manure application in the state during the winter months when the ground is frozen. Thus, producers are left with the options such as storing the manure over a longer period until summer or spreading on snow or frozen ground. Storing manure for longer duration leads to increased risks of concentrated spills into the streams. Thus, it is important to develop management strategies …
An Evaluation Of Rumen Modifiers For Lactational Performance And Nutrient Digestibility By Cows, Prakash Poudel
An Evaluation Of Rumen Modifiers For Lactational Performance And Nutrient Digestibility By Cows, Prakash Poudel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Three studies were conducted to evaluate a commercial blend of essential oils, active dried yeast product and cobalt lactate on production performance, rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility by cows by using in vivo and in vitro methods. The first study evaluated the lactational performance and nutrient digestibility of lactating Holstein dairy cows fed two commercial supplements: 1) a propriety blend of essential oils and Cobalt lactate (EOC) (Stay Strong, Ralco, Inc., Marshall, MN) and 2) active dried yeast (ADY) (Omnigen AF, Prince Agri Products, Inc., Quincy, IL). The 12-week experiment demonstrated no differences in milk production, milk composition, and feed …
Assessing Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) In South Dakota And Identifying Drivers Of Assemblage Variation, Kaylee L. Faltys
Assessing Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) In South Dakota And Identifying Drivers Of Assemblage Variation, Kaylee L. Faltys
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Native freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) are among the most threatened groups of freshwater fauna on Earth. Approximately 35 species have gone extinct since the 1900s and 72% of remaining species are considered endangered, threatened, or species of special concern. Unionid research can begin by establishing species presence and distributions via surveys. Objectives for this study were to 1) implement the first comprehensive unionid survey for South Dakota to assess distribution, composition, and decline, 2) estimate assemblage density and determine local versus broad scale habitat drivers of assemblage variation, and 3) determine areas of unionid conservation priority in South Dakota. Mussels …
Impacts Of Wetland Characteristics On Duck Use In The Prairie Pothole Region (Ppr) 1987-2013, Fred Thomas Oslund
Impacts Of Wetland Characteristics On Duck Use In The Prairie Pothole Region (Ppr) 1987-2013, Fred Thomas Oslund
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since 1987 the Waterfowl Breeding Populations and Production Estimates, also called the Four Square Mile Survey, has been conducted annually in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region. The survey was designed to assess the influence of the Small Wetlands Acquisition Program on contributions to continental waterfowl populations (Cowardin et al. 1995). Each year cooperators visit sample wetlands during two survey periods, collecting data on observed waterfowl and pond conditions. Along with ground counts, aerial photography of sample areas is collected annually, capturing habitat conditions. My objective was to assess the influence of local and landscape factors on duck pair densities. Local …
Role Of Exopolymeric Substances In Biofilm Formation On Dairy Separation Membranes, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez
Role Of Exopolymeric Substances In Biofilm Formation On Dairy Separation Membranes, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the concentration of cheese whey by membrane filtration processes, fouling is a major limiting factor that leads to flux decline and affects product quality. The growth of biofilms on membranes contributes to biofouling. Biofilms are very difficult to eliminate, and will serve as the seed for additional biofilm development and product contamination. The biofilm matrix is composed mainly of microbial exopolymeric substances (EPS), and therefore EPS is thought to help bacteria to adhere and form biofilms by acting as a cementing agent. The first research project under this study was conducted with the aim of elucidating the role of …
Fish Ladders Designed For Drop Culverts And Central Stoneroller Ecology Across A Latitudinal Gradient, John Arthur Lorenzen
Fish Ladders Designed For Drop Culverts And Central Stoneroller Ecology Across A Latitudinal Gradient, John Arthur Lorenzen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Stream connectivity is essential for the persistence of fish populations and maintenance of fish assemblage structure. Stream-road crossings can become barriers resulting in a loss of connectivity. Creating innovative tools for fisheries managers to allow fish passage through barrier stream-road crossings is important worldwide as climate change may force range shifts to stay within thermal requirements. Understanding how populations and metapopulations respond to climate is important as fisheries managers can use this information to make informed management decisions in regards to climate change and possible range shifts. Thus, we developed and tested a fish ladder to retrofit barrier stream-road crossings …
Characterization Of Small Non-Coding Rnas In The Seminal Plasma Of Beef Bulls With Predicted High And Low Fertility, Stephanie Perkins
Characterization Of Small Non-Coding Rnas In The Seminal Plasma Of Beef Bulls With Predicted High And Low Fertility, Stephanie Perkins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-coding RNAs (sRNA) that play a key role in regulating gene expression by binding to their complementary mRNA and altering translation. It has been reported that this down-regulation of specific areas of the genome plays a role in male fertility. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are another class of germline-specific non-coding RNAs that form silencing complexes to maintain germline genome integrity. In bovine seminal plasma, piRNAs have not previously been characterized. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate a potential relationship between expression of these sRNAs and fertility in beef bulls and to …
Study Of The Effect Of Feeding Highly Digestible Corn Based Calf Starter On The Growth Performance Of Calves, Shruti Srivastava
Study Of The Effect Of Feeding Highly Digestible Corn Based Calf Starter On The Growth Performance Of Calves, Shruti Srivastava
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
New corn hybrids have been developed by Masters Choice (MC) that vary in energy density and starch digestibility. These MC hybrids have lower starch densities due to an altered starch structure, which allows for greater ruminal and intestinal starch digestion. The altered starch structure of these new hybrids results in reduced feed manufacturing costs (i.e., grinding). Thirty (30) 1 to 3 d old (40.6 ± 1.72 kg) Holstein heifer calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 calf starters to measure growth performance of Holstein heifer calves through 8 weeks of age. Treatments were: 1) Hard starch (HS) corn calf …
The Effects Of Preovulatory Estradiol On The Uterine Environment And Conceptus Survival From Fertilization To Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy, Emmalee J. Northrop
The Effects Of Preovulatory Estradiol On The Uterine Environment And Conceptus Survival From Fertilization To Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancy, Emmalee J. Northrop
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Preovulatory estradiol has been reported to play a critical role in pregnancy establishment and embryonic survival, but the mechanism by which estradiol exerts its effects has not been well characterized. The objective of this thesis is to determine the effects of preovulatory estradiol on the uterine environment and conceptus survival from fertilization to maternal recognition of pregnancy. Beef cows/heifers were synchronized with the CO-Synch protocol and AIed (d 0). Cows were classified by estrus expression (estrus and no estrus), and uteri were flushed to collect d16 conceptuses nonsurgically (Rep 1; n = 29), or following slaughter (Rep 2; n = …
Effects Of Small Intestinal Starch Digestion And Dietary Lipid On Efficiency Of Nitrogen Use In Cattle, Ethan J. Blom
Effects Of Small Intestinal Starch Digestion And Dietary Lipid On Efficiency Of Nitrogen Use In Cattle, Ethan J. Blom
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research was to determine the effects of increases in energy available for gain from increased small intestinal starch digestion (SISD) and dietary lipid source and amount on the efficiency of N use in cattle. Five ruminally, duodenally, and ileally cannulated steers were placed in a 5 × 5 Latin square. Each received duodenal infusion of 1.5 ± 0.08 kg/d raw cornstarch and either 0, 30.9 ± 0.59, 62.4 ± 1.16, or 120.4 ± 3.39 g/d Glu, or 387.9 ± 17.47 g/d casein. Casein increased (P = 0.05) SISD. Similarly, greater duodenal Glu linearly (P = 0.02) …
Inactivation Of Thermodynamic Sporeformers And Spores In Skim Milk By Continuous Ultrasonication And Hydrodynamic Cavitation In Combination With Thermal Treatments, Dikshi Bawa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonication and hydrodynamic cavitation, in a continuous mode, alone and in combination with thermal treatments, on heat resistant aerobic sporeformers and spores in skim milk, and skim milk concentrate. The first study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a continuous ultrasonication process to reduce thermoduric Bacillus coagulans cells in skim milk. A 25% reduction was obtained by lab pasteurization alone, whereas ultrasonication alone resulted in an inactivation of 92% after 12 passes (80 sec exposure time per pass). Ultrasonication when combined with pasteurization resulted in further increased inactivation to 99.98%. It …
Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate, Harsh Dahiya
Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate, Harsh Dahiya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
United States is one of the largest producer of cow’s milk in the world and a substantial portion of this milk is converted into dried milk products, a category that is becoming increasingly important to the dairy industry. The processing treatments on skim milk and skim milk concentrate affect the functionality of resultant powders made from them, therefore processing treatments are crucial to modify physical and functional properties of skim milk, skim milk concentrates and the powders made from them. The objective of this research was to explore impact of new processing technologies hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) …
Evaluation Of Essential Oils (Stay Strong) For Dairy Calves, Kelly Ann Froehlich
Evaluation Of Essential Oils (Stay Strong) For Dairy Calves, Kelly Ann Froehlich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Stay Strong (SS, Ralco Inc., Marshall, MN) is a blend of essential oils (EO) and prebiotic fiber technologies designed to promote immunity and stimulate appetite, helping to diminish health challenges and stresses experienced by newborn calves. Current feeding inclusion rates are unknown to achieve optimal performance in the first 8 weeks of life. The study objectives were to determine the optimal feeding inclusion rate of SS when added to milk replacer (MR) to achieve optimal performance when compared to a yeast cell wall (YCW). One hundred Holstein calves were blocked by birth date and randomly assigned to 1 of 5 …
The Contribution Of Missouri River Reservoir Side-Channel And Floodplain Habitats To Mainstem Fish Populations: The Effects Of Losing Connectivity Between Hipple Lake And Lake Sharpe, William Joseph Radigan
The Contribution Of Missouri River Reservoir Side-Channel And Floodplain Habitats To Mainstem Fish Populations: The Effects Of Losing Connectivity Between Hipple Lake And Lake Sharpe, William Joseph Radigan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Catastrophic flooding of the Missouri River in 2011 has had lasting effects on floodplain habitats (i.e. floodplain lakes) and side-channel habitats (e.g. canals, side-channel embayments, stilling basins, and tributaries) in Lake Sharpe, SD. Floodplain and side-channel habitats are rare habitat in Lake Sharpe, a mainstem Missouri River reservoir, and are thought to be crucial habitat for prey and sport fish. Hipple Lake, the only warm-water floodplain embayment in Lake Sharpe, is in danger of losing connectivity to the reservoir because of sedimentation resulting from the 2011 flood. To evaluate Hipple Lake’s natal and adult contribution to Lake Sharpe’s fishery, otolith …
Impact Of Urban Factors And Invasive Species On White-Footed Mouse (Peromyscus Leucopus) Habitat Use And Foraging Behavior In An Urban Forest Park., William Persons
Impact Of Urban Factors And Invasive Species On White-Footed Mouse (Peromyscus Leucopus) Habitat Use And Foraging Behavior In An Urban Forest Park., William Persons
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
White-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) select for areas of greater canopy cover at the macro scale, and for areas with more CWD at the micro-scale. White-footed mice potentially avoid habitats with higher invasive species richness. White-footed mice preferentially foraged under the honeysuckle canopy in response to changes in temperature and humidity. This study suggests that the interaction between P. leucopus and ground layer invasive species is complex, and that the effect of moonlight may be diminished in this urban park. Urban ecosystems demonstrate high levels of anthropogenic land-use change, modification of abiotic inputs, and altered disturbance regimes. These changes result …
An Analysis Of The Interaction Of Methylphenidate And Nicotine In Adolescent Rats: Effects On Bdnf, Elizabeth D. Freeman
An Analysis Of The Interaction Of Methylphenidate And Nicotine In Adolescent Rats: Effects On Bdnf, Elizabeth D. Freeman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This investigation was an analysis of the interaction of adolescent exposure to methylphenidate (MPH; trade name: Ritalin) on nicotine sensitization and conditioned place preference (CPP) in a rodent model and underlying mechanisms of this effect. Animals were treated IP with 1 mg/kg MPH or saline using a ―school day‖ regimen of five days on, two days off, from postnatal day (P) 28-50. During the final two weeks of MPH treatment, animals were either behaviorally sensitized to nicotine (0.5 mg/kg free base) or saline for 10 days, or conditioned to nicotine or saline using the CPP behavioral paradigm. In addition, three …
A Systematic Review Of The Soricimorph Eulipotyphla (Soricidae: Mammalia) From The Gray Fossil Site (Hemphillian), Tennessee, Joshua Doby
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due in part to the incompleteness of the Cenozoic fossil record in the eastern U.S., the evolution and immigration of shrews (Soricidae) is not well understood. A rich soricid fauna from the Gray Fossil Site (GFS), Washington County, TN, has enabled many new inferences to be made. There are 7 new species in 6 genera: Paenelimnoecus, “Blarinella”, Petenyia, Tregosorex, Crusafontina, and Gen et sp. nov. GFS species of the genera Paenelimnoecus, “Blarinella”, and Petenyia are the first occurrence of each genus in the New World. Tregosorex, Crusafontina, and the N.A. taxon Limnoecus all have their latest documented occurrence at the …
A Comparison Between South Dakota And North American Standard Sampling Gears In Lakes And Reservoirs, Bradley J. Smith
A Comparison Between South Dakota And North American Standard Sampling Gears In Lakes And Reservoirs, Bradley J. Smith
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A statewide gear comparison was performed in South Dakota during 2013 and 2014 between current South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks (SDGFP) sampling gears (i.e., gill nets and modified fyke nets) and their equivalents described in Standard Methods for Sampling North American Freshwater Fishes (Standard). Adopting Standard gears would provide uniform gear specifications for annual sampling statewide, facilitate data sharing within South Dakota and beyond, and allow for large-scale spatial and temporal analyses relevant to researchers and managers. Sampling was divided between non-Missouri River (non-MR) and Missouri River (MR) systems because gill nets used by SDGFP to sample …
Energy Status Of Steers Dictates Effectiveness Of Glycerol Inclusion In High-Roughage And High-Concentrate Feedlot Diets, Erin M. Rife
Energy Status Of Steers Dictates Effectiveness Of Glycerol Inclusion In High-Roughage And High-Concentrate Feedlot Diets, Erin M. Rife
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this research was to determine how to use glycerol as an effective source of energy in ruminant diets. Steer calves were used in a 56 d backgrounding study (n=128; Initial BW=340 ± 15 kg) and 105 d finishing study (n=120; Initial BW=420 ± 20 kg). Dietary treatments during backgrounding included 0, 8, 16, and 24% glycerol replacing corn silage in corn silage-based diets. Steers continued on within relative levels of dietary glycerol with finishing diets consisting of 0, 5, 10, and 15% glycerol replacing corn. Cumulative DMI, ADG, and G:F increased linearly (P
Virus-Like Particles Generaged By Expressing Proteins Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) Using The Recombinant Baculovirus Expression System, April Anne Nelsen
Virus-Like Particles Generaged By Expressing Proteins Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) Using The Recombinant Baculovirus Expression System, April Anne Nelsen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an enveloped, single stranded, positive sense RNA virus and a member of Arteriviridae. Its genome encodes 10 open reading frames for at least 7 structural proteins and 14 non-structural proteins. Membrane (M), Nuclepcapsid (N), and Glycoprotein-5 (GP5) are the major structural proteins of PRRSV, while Envelope (E), Glycoprotein-2 (GP2), Glycoprotein-3 (GP3), and Glycoprotein-4 (GP4) are the minor structural proteins of PRRSV. GP5 induces neutralizing antibodies and forms heterodimers with M, while N is the most immunogenic protein of PRRSV. Previous studies have shown viral structural proteins are able to form virus-like particles …
Population Ecology Of Rocky Mountain Elk In The Black Hills, South Dakota And Wyoming, Benjamin D. Simpson
Population Ecology Of Rocky Mountain Elk In The Black Hills, South Dakota And Wyoming, Benjamin D. Simpson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We conducted a 2-year (2012–2013) study of survival and cause–specific mortality using individually marked adult cow and neonate elk (Cervus elaphus) occupying the southwestern region of the Black Hills. We used known-fate analysis in Program MARK for survival analysis of adult cows and calves. We estimated survival and cause-specific mortality of 49 adult female elk over the 2 years of the study. Annual adult cow survival was 0.85 (95% CI = 0.72–0.87). We documented 12 mortalities with harvest (58.3%) and predation (16.6%) accounting for the majority of known mortalities. We captured and fit 71 neonates < 10 days of age with expandable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiocollars during summer 2012 (n = 37) and 2013 (n = 34). Annual (12 month) survival of elk calves was 0.75 (95% CI = 0.61–0.84) while summer (20 weeks; 15 May–25 September) survival was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.68–0.88). Predation accounted for 87.5% of mortalities; remaining mortalities were from starvation (6.3%) and unknown (6. 3%) causes. We used Global Positioning System (GPS) collars to collect 167,707 locations to determine home range, movement ecology, and macroscale resource selection of 48 adult cow elk. We documented elk using a variety of migration strategies (obligate migrator, resident, conditional migrator, disperser); the majority of the population (58%) was migratory. Spring migration distance travelled ranged from 2.45 km – 74.44 km (n = 42); fall migration distances ranged from 6.41km – 153.95 km (n = 46). We used 99% Brownian Bridge Movement Models to create seasonal and overall home ranges of adult cow elk. Mean overall home range size for conditional migrators was 249.28 km2 (SE = 28.60, n = 7, range = 233.75), for obligate migrant elk it was 227.18 km2 (SE = 13.94, n = 29, range = 346.83), and for resident elk it was 175.65 km2 (SE = 22.75, n = 11, range = 216.04). We used discrete choice models to determine resource selection at the macro-habitat scale of collared adult elk using ArcMap 10.1 data. Adult cow elk selected for open grassland/herbaceous areas and early successional forest areas close to forested edges at higher elevations. Our study showed that elk populations have the ability to thrive within an ecosystem with healthy predator populations.
The Effects Of Chanellization And Channel Restoration On Aquatic Habitat And Biota Of The Pecos River, New Mexico, Darrel J. Mecham
The Effects Of Chanellization And Channel Restoration On Aquatic Habitat And Biota Of The Pecos River, New Mexico, Darrel J. Mecham
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
River channelization has been shown to negatively impact riverine ecosystems by degrading aquatic habitat conditions, decreasing diversity of both fish and aquatic invertebrate assemblages and impairing fish recruitment. As knowledge of the negative impacts of channelization has increased, so have channel restoration efforts. We evaluated a recent channel restoration project on the Pecos River, New Mexico by comparing abiotic and biotic conditions among five reaches of river, including the restored reach, an unchannelized reach and a channelized reach all prone to streamflow intermittence and an unchannelized reach and channelized reach more perennial in nature. Our first objective was to assess …
Studies Related To Microbially Induced Corrosion Of Stainless Steel 304 And 316, Somil Gupta
Studies Related To Microbially Induced Corrosion Of Stainless Steel 304 And 316, Somil Gupta
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pitting corrosion of stainless steel (SS) is observed in many different industries including the dairy industry. It is of concern, because it weakens the steel, and can cause cracking. Any replacement or repair of SS equipment is very costly and also causes delays in product manufacture. Microbial Induced Corrosion (MIC) is a possible accelerator of natural corrosion seen in galvanized steel pipes. Studies have shown a correlation between surface roughness and the ability of bacteria to colonize and form biofilms. Dairy industry utilizes higher food grade SS 304 and 316. However, even these relatively corrosion resistant stainless steel grades may …
Effects Of Step Training On The Kidneys Following Spinal Cord Injury In Rats., Pradeepa Poudyal
Effects Of Step Training On The Kidneys Following Spinal Cord Injury In Rats., Pradeepa Poudyal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia after chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to over-distention, high bladder pressures and vesico-ureteric reflux into the kidney, resulting in repeated infections and pyelonephritis. Given the importance/limited knowledge of SCI effects on the upper urinary tract, this study assessed expression of two proteins in the kidneys of contused (T9) male rats relative to controls that are indicative of tissue stress/damage (TGFβ, CD11b). The impact of two therapeutic rehabilitation strategies, 60 minutes of step training and general exercise, was then assessed on these protein levels relative to non-trained SCI controls, plus the effectiveness of a shorter training duration (30 …
Earthworm, Microbial Biomass, And Leaf Litter Decay Responses After Invasive Honeysuckle Shrub Removal From Urban Woodlands., Robert Preston Pipal
Earthworm, Microbial Biomass, And Leaf Litter Decay Responses After Invasive Honeysuckle Shrub Removal From Urban Woodlands., Robert Preston Pipal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Invasive species are one of the leading causes of biodiversity loss and their presence can significantly impact the structure and function of native ecosystems. In this dissertation, the impacts of the invasive honeysuckle shrub, Lonicera maackii, on exotic earthworm populations, leaf litter decay responses, and inorganic and organic nutrient pools in an urban woodland park are assessed. Chapter 1 provides a brief review of honeysuckle's effects on forest ecosystems. Chapter 2 describes honeysuckle’s effects on exotic earthworm populations and the seasonal importance of macroinvertebrates to leaf litter decomposition in urban woodlands. This study revealed that L. maackii promoted higher exotic …
Lactational Performance Of Dairy Cows Fed Yeast Derived Microbial Protein In Low And High Forage Diets, Angela Kristia Manthey
Lactational Performance Of Dairy Cows Fed Yeast Derived Microbial Protein In Low And High Forage Diets, Angela Kristia Manthey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of substituting soybean meal products with yeast-derived microbial protein [(YMP) DEMP; Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY] in diets containing two forage concentrations. Sixteen Holstein cows (4 primiparous and 12 multiparous) were randomly assigned to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Diets contained low (LF; 45% of diet DM) or high forage (HF; 65% of diet DM) and YMP at 0 (NYMP) or 2.25% (WYMP) of the diet. The forage mix consisted of 67% corn silage and 33% alfalfa hay (DM basis). …
The Effects Of Maternal Energy Restriction During Mid-Gestation On Growth Performance, Immune Function, And Gene Expression In The Resultant Beef Offspring, Anna Rose Taylor
The Effects Of Maternal Energy Restriction During Mid-Gestation On Growth Performance, Immune Function, And Gene Expression In The Resultant Beef Offspring, Anna Rose Taylor
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fetal or developmental programming evaluates the effects of maternal alterations on the developing fetus and the potential consequences later in life. To understand the effects of mid-gestation energy restriction on beef cows and their calves the objectives of this dissertation were to determine the effects of dietary energy restriction on measurements associated with cow energy status, and the effects on growth performance, the humoral immune response, and subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression in the resultant beef offspring. Pregnant beef cows were allotted into 2 treatment groups during mid-gestation: 1) fed at maintenance (Positive Energy Status (PES)); or 2) fed just …
Determinants Of Bite Force In Four Species Of Sharks From The Gulf Of Mexico With An Emphasis On The Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, Rhizoprionodon Terraenovae, Kyle Walter Rice
Determinants Of Bite Force In Four Species Of Sharks From The Gulf Of Mexico With An Emphasis On The Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, Rhizoprionodon Terraenovae, Kyle Walter Rice
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bite force can provide valuable information regarding the physiological ecology of an organism. However, there have been few studies wherein bite force in sharks has been considered. Herein I report on a study of the bite force of four species of sharks with particular emphasis on that of the atlantic sharpnose shark, rhizoprionodon terraenovae. Among the four species examined, blacktip shark, carcharhinus limbatus bite force was significantly higher than that of sharpnose, rhizoprionodon terraenovae. There was no significant difference between the bite force of those species compared with the same for finetooth shark, c. Isodon and spinner shark, c. Brevipinna. …
The Reproductive Ecology Of Two Sympatric Demersal Fishes: The Naked Goby Gobiosoma Bosc And Striped Blenny Chasmodes Bosquianus, Rachel M. Tremont
The Reproductive Ecology Of Two Sympatric Demersal Fishes: The Naked Goby Gobiosoma Bosc And Striped Blenny Chasmodes Bosquianus, Rachel M. Tremont
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The naked goby (Gobiosoma bosc) and striped blenny (Chasmodes bosquianus) are sympatric oyster reef fishes within temperate estuaries. The reproductive biology and early life history of these fishes were described during two consecutive spawning seasons from 2012-2013 in North Inlet, SC. The naked goby and striped blenny spawning seasons lasted for 21 weeks and 30 weeks, respectively, for 2012 and 2013. The naked goby spawning season began 3 weeks later than the striped blenny spawning season for both years. The temporal offset in the start of their spawning seasons may reduce competition for nest habitat between the two species. Naked …
Evaluating The Use Of Autonomous Recording Units To Monitor Yellow Rails, Nelson's Sparrows, And Le Conte's Sparrows, Anna Marie Sidie-Slettedahl
Evaluating The Use Of Autonomous Recording Units To Monitor Yellow Rails, Nelson's Sparrows, And Le Conte's Sparrows, Anna Marie Sidie-Slettedahl
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Population status and habitat use of yellow rails (Coturnicops noveboracensis) (YERA), Nelson’s sparrows (Ammodramus nelsoni) (NESP), and Le Conte’s sparrows (Ammodramus leconteii) (LCSP) are poorly known, so systematic surveys of these elusive species are needed to inform conservation planning and guide management. A standardized protocol for monitoring secretive marsh birds exists (Conway 2009, 2011); however, these species call at night and may be missed during early-morning marsh bird surveys. I tested the effectiveness of autonomous recording units (ARUs) to survey these species by analyzing recorded vocalizations using bioacoustics software. I deployed 22 ARUs at 54 sites in northern Minnesota and …