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Articles 1411 - 1440 of 1511
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Anomalies Of Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Anomalies Of Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Regeneration in the adult salamander, Ambystoma annulatum, parallels that of the adult newt (Iten & Bryant, 1973). However, a number of unique features become apparent upon examination of anomalies of adult regenerates. Two regenerates which displayed gross abnormalities revealed, upon histological examination, unique features which give insight into a possible pattern of digit formation in this species of adult salamander. Normal regenerates show 4 or 5 digits radiating distal to the same respective number of bones (distal carpals) present in the distal row of wrist bones. The first anomaly showed only two large, fused distal carpals and two lateral digits. …
Epidermal Ridge Formation During Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Epidermal Ridge Formation During Limb Regeneration In The Adult Salamander, Ambystoma Annulatum, Henry E. Young
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Regeneration was studied in the Ambystoma annulatum by the amputation of the right forearm of twenty-four adults, over a twelve month period. At the termination of the experiment the limbs were reamputated 1-2 mm proximal to the original amputation site. The regenerated portions were staged, examined at the gross morphological level, and prepared for histological examination. Gross examination revealed a thickened, ridge-like projection along the distal edge of all regenerating forelimbs at the Early Bud through Middle Palette Stages. Histological examination confirmed the existence of this structure as early as Wound Healing and continuing through Middle Palette to a pseudo-epidermal …
Distribution, Habitat Notes, And The Status Of The Ironcolor Shiner, Notropis Chalybaeus Cope, In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison
Distribution, Habitat Notes, And The Status Of The Ironcolor Shiner, Notropis Chalybaeus Cope, In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Field work throughout Arkansas since 1971 and a search of museum records have yielded 35 collections of the iron color shiner, Notropis chalybaeus Cope (Cyprinidae), not previously documented in Arkansas. From these data the iron color shiner is considered to be confined to the Coastal Plain physiographic province of Arkansas below the Fall Line, becoming most abundant in the Ouachita and Red River drainages of southern Arkansas. Notes on habitat preference, species associates, and current status of N. chalybaeus within Arkansas are presented.
Immunization Of Rats Against Mesocestoides Corti (Cestoda) By Subcutaneous Vaccination Of Living Tetrathyridia And By Passive Transfer With Serum, Jerry Y. Niederkorn
Immunization Of Rats Against Mesocestoides Corti (Cestoda) By Subcutaneous Vaccination Of Living Tetrathyridia And By Passive Transfer With Serum, Jerry Y. Niederkorn
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Laboratory rats were subcutaneously vaccinated with 100 live tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti (Cestoda) and subsequently intraperitoneally challenged with 50 tetrathyridia. Necropsy 30 days postinfection revealed that vaccinated rats harbored 97.4% fewer worms compared to control rats. In a second experiment, passive transfer of immunity was accomplished by immune serum from subcutaneously vaccinated rats. Rats receiving immune serum harbored 33.4% lighter worm burdens compared to normal serum recipients.
Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis (Baird And Girard) Production In Extensive Polyculture System, Scott H. Newton, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Max V. Miesch
Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis (Baird And Girard) Production In Extensive Polyculture System, Scott H. Newton, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Max V. Miesch
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
During 1976, mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis Baird and Girard, were reared in combination with food and game fishes in 0.1 ha culture ponds at the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff fisheries research facility. Mosquitofish production was 218 kg/ha, with 1683 fish per kilogram, in ponds that were also stocked with channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus Valenciennes, grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella Valenciennes, and silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Valenciennes. In another similar stocked pond, hybrid sunfish fingerlings depressed mosquitofish yield by 79%. No mosquitofish production was obtained in ponds stocked with 250 largemouth bass, Xficropterus salmoides Lacepede, fry …
Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton
Attraction Of Aerial Insects As A Fish Food Supplement, Andrew J. Merkowsky, Ambus J. Handcock, Scott H. Newton
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Insect populations over a 1.2 hectare southeast Arkansas livestock pond were sampled to consider the possibility of their use as a fish food supplement. A commercial insect attraction unit was suspended above the pond, and attracted insects were collected. Insect populations were sampled 3-4 nights each month, January-December, 1976. Insects collected were identified and analyses were performed to determine nutritional composition and pesticide content. Insect samples were variable, however, 62% of the insects identified were in the Order Diptera and 97% of these were in the Family Chironomidae. Nutritional analyses revealed insects were more than 60% crude protein. Pesticide analysis …
Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner
Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Vertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, James E. Gardner
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The second in a series of papers describing the fauna of Arkansas caves includes distributional records and ecological status (as a cavernicole) of 53 vertebrate taxa, including: 3 fishes, 7 salamanders, 6 frogs, 3 lizards, 7 snakes, one turtle, 3 birds, and 23 mammals. Several of the taxa occur on state lists of endangered species, but records accumulated during the past 5 years indicate the need for a reevaluation of the actual populational status of these organisms.
Role Of Olfaction In "Taste-Aversion" To Ptc In Mice, Richard C. Lewis
Role Of Olfaction In "Taste-Aversion" To Ptc In Mice, Richard C. Lewis
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The objective of most taste research involving choice is to eliminate from the experiment all cues to the animal except those that are strictly gustatory. Among those potentially confounding cues, one of the most obvious is olfaction, although it often remains uncontrolled in taste experiments. The present report clearly demonstrates the role played by olfaction in a discrimination experiment with C57B1/6 and CFW mice as regards their response to phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) when paired with water. The results have implications for conclusions drawn by other investigators who have attributed differences in PTC sensitivity in mice to taste alone.
Growth, Mortality, Food Habits, And Fecundity Of The Buffalo River Smallmouth Bass, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison, James C. Adams
Growth, Mortality, Food Habits, And Fecundity Of The Buffalo River Smallmouth Bass, Raj V. Kilambi, Walter R. Robison, James C. Adams
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Total length-scale radius, and length-weight relationships were determined for smallmouth bass from the Buffalo River. The back calculated lengths were used in analyzing the age-length data by the Bertalanffy growth formula. Asymptotic length and weight were estimated as 58.3 cm and 4.6 lbs, respectively. Annual mortality of 36 percent was estimated by the catch curve method. Insects (54%), fishes (16%), and crayfish (14%) were the abundant food organisms by frequency of occurrence; while fishes (64%) and crayfish (29%) were the dominant food items by the gravimetric method. Based on the gonosomatic indices and frequency distribution of ovum diameter measurements, smallmouth …
Fishes Of The Eleven Point River Within Arkansas, Michael B. Johnson, John K. Beadles
Fishes Of The Eleven Point River Within Arkansas, Michael B. Johnson, John K. Beadles
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of the Eleven Point River and its tributaries was made between 31 January 1976 and 13 February 1977. Sixty-three collections, literature records and personal communications revealed 90 species distributed among 19 families. This study revealed 31 species previously not reported for this river system. The Eleven Point River is a clear, predominantly springfed Ozark stream which is located in western Randolph County. From the Arkansas-Missouri state line, the Eleven Point River flows south for approximately 64 km before joining the Spring River. Terrain in the Arkansas portion of this river is rugged as the river …
Utilization Of Nest Boxes By The Southern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys Volans, In Central Arkansas, Gary A. Heidt
Utilization Of Nest Boxes By The Southern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys Volans, In Central Arkansas, Gary A. Heidt
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Thirty-five nest boxes were placed 4.5-5.5 meters above the ground in an eight acre mixed pine-hardwood plot 20 km SE of Bryant, Saline County, Arkansas. These boxes were monitored from February, 1972, to May, 1975. Flying squirrels used the boxes between October and May, probably returning to den trees during the hotter period of the year. A total of 30 squirrels (18 males and 12 females) were marked by ear notching during the three year period. The winter population of the study area was estimated to be between 10 and 15 squirrels. It was not uncommon to find eight or …
Effects Of 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid On Swiss-Webster Mice, Gerald S. Greer
Effects Of 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid On Swiss-Webster Mice, Gerald S. Greer
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Pure and Commercial samples of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5- T) were tested on Swiss-Webster mice for: (1) interruption of the estrus cycle and (2) teratogenic effects. The estrus cycle of mice administered Commercial 2,4,5-T was interrupted in 42.9% of the animals and in 12.5% of the animals given Pure 2,4,5-T. No fetal abnormalities were found in pregnant animals treated with Commercial or Pure 2,4,5-T. Fetal resorptions were found in both treatment groups. Treatment with Pure 2,4,5-T produced a significant decrease in viable fetal weight and increased fetal deaths.
Fishes Of Crowley's Ridge In Arkansas, Robert F. Fulmer, George L. Harp
Fishes Of Crowley's Ridge In Arkansas, Robert F. Fulmer, George L. Harp
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Crowley's Ridge is one of the six natural geographic divisions of Arkansas which rises out of the Mississippi embayment as a relatively steep, uncultivated loessial mass. The ridge is drained by a network of headwater streams which are relatively clear with alkaline pH values and uniformly low alkalinity values. Carbon dioxide values were moderate and oxygen values were adequate. The fish species collected were basically headwater in composition. Isolated groups of characteristically upland species indicate that environmental quality of adjacent deltaic streams was better at one time.
Fishes Of Sylamore Creek, Stone County, Arkansas, George C. Frazier, John K. Beadles
Fishes Of Sylamore Creek, Stone County, Arkansas, George C. Frazier, John K. Beadles
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of Sylamore Creek in northcentral Arkansas yielded a total of 15,041 specimens representing 44 species, including one hybrid, distributed among 11 families. The three most abundant fishes collected were: Notropis pilsbryi Fowler, Dionda nubila (Forbes), and Notropis telescopus (Cope), respectively. Two species, Campostoma anomalum pullum (Agassiz), and N. pilsbryi, were collected at every station. Sylamore Creek is a clear predominantely spring-fed stream that originate in the Ozark Mountains of northcentral Arkansas and empties into the White River 72.3 km above Bates vilie. Sylamore Creek is composed of two branches, North and South Sylamore, which comprise …
Fishes Of Randolph County, Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles, Billy M. Johnson
Fishes Of Randolph County, Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles, Billy M. Johnson
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of Randolph County in northcentral Arkansas was made between June 1973 and March 1977. Field collections, literature records, and museum specimens revealed the ichthyofauna of Randolph County to be composed of 128 species distributed among 24 families. Cyprinidae was the largest family, being represented by 34 species while Percidae was represented by 24 species. Randolph County is composed of Ozark Uplands and Coastal Plain areas. All of the stream systems flow into the Black River system with the exception of Village Creek in the southeastern corner of the county which flows into White River. The …
Yolk-Periblast Junction In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Claudia F. Bailey
Yolk-Periblast Junction In Fundulus Heteroclitus, Claudia F. Bailey
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The yolk of teleost eggs becomes covered with a syncytial periblast during embryonic development. Nutrients must be transported through the periblast before they are available to the embryo. Tranmission electron micrographs of thin sections and of freeze-fractured replicas show a number of features at the yolk-periblast junction which may be correlated with yolk transport. These features include vesicle formation and exchange, channelization and interdigitation.
Macrobenthos Population Changes In Crystal Lake, Arkansas, Subsequent To Cage Culture Fish, James C. Adams, Raj V. Kilambi, William A. Wickizer, Arthur V. Brown
Macrobenthos Population Changes In Crystal Lake, Arkansas, Subsequent To Cage Culture Fish, James C. Adams, Raj V. Kilambi, William A. Wickizer, Arthur V. Brown
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A three-year study was conducted to determine the possible effects of cage culture of fish on the environment of Crystal Lake, Arkansas. The investigation consisted of three periods: pre- (November 1971-October 1972), during- (November 1972-October 1973), and post- (November 1973-October 1974) cage culture. Numbers and biomass of benthos per square meter for pre-, during-, and post-culture periods were 1353 (10.0g), 730 (8.8g), and 1028 (4.1g), respectively. Numerically, Chaoborus sp., Chironomidae, and Oligochaeta comprised more than 97%. Chaoborus was the most numerous organism before fish culture (>68%), but dominance shifted to the Oligochaeta (>58%) after culture.
Distributional Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles From Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., Zane M. Anderson
Distributional Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles From Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., Zane M. Anderson
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the West Gulf Coastal Plain and Mississippi Alluvial Plain is not well known because extensive collecting has not been done in these areas and data in museums have not been published. New distributional records for three salamanders (Desmognathus fuscus brimleyorum, Manculus quadridigitarus, Plethodon glutinosus glutinosus) , two anurans (Rana areolata circulosa, Scaphiopus holbrooki holbrooki), and one snake (Lampropeltis doliata amaura) are presented. Additional collecting will be necessary to determine the exact range and status of the secretive species.
Continuation Of Mourning Dove Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, With Emphasis On Cyclical Behavioral Patterns, Thurman Booth, Fred L. Burnside Jr., Jan Burnside, Peggy Rae Dorris
Continuation Of Mourning Dove Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, With Emphasis On Cyclical Behavioral Patterns, Thurman Booth, Fred L. Burnside Jr., Jan Burnside, Peggy Rae Dorris
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
In conjunction with the U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, the Henderson State University Biology Department has continued a study of mourning doves in Clark County, Arkansas, with emphasis on cyclical behavioral patterns. Three hundred forty-three mourning doves were baited, trapped, and banded to obtain information concerning age, sex, populations, retraps, abnormalities, migrations, trap injuries, cyclical behavioral patterns, and other factors.
Characteristics And Behavior Of Guineafowl And Domesticated Chicken Hybrids, Earl L. Hanebrink
Characteristics And Behavior Of Guineafowl And Domesticated Chicken Hybrids, Earl L. Hanebrink
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The description, behavior, and morphologic measurements are presented for two hybrid crosses of domesticated chicken and guineafowl. The ease at which gallinaceous birds hybridize might warrant a closer look at the classification system. Possibly the number of families in the superfamily Phasianoidea should be reduced as some other researchers suggest.
Hormone Receptor Site Maturation In The Secondary Sex Organs Of Immature Male And Female Rats, K. J. Thomas
Hormone Receptor Site Maturation In The Secondary Sex Organs Of Immature Male And Female Rats, K. J. Thomas
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The effect of a combined dose of pregnant mares' serum (PAAS) and human chor ionic gonadotropin (HCG) on male and female rats 2-25 days old was studied. Groups of animals were given injections for three days, then sacrificed on the fourth day. All injections were begun on the 2nd, 7th, 12th, 17th, and 22nd day of life. Ovaries, uteri, seminal vesicles (SV), and ventral prostate (VP) were removed, dissected free of fat, and weighed. Because uterine weight increased earlier than either SV or VP weight, the ability of the uterus to respond to exogenous estradiol and of the SV and …
Scanning Electron Microscopy Of The Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri Richardson) Spermatozoon, James H. Fribourgh, Bernard L. Soloff
Scanning Electron Microscopy Of The Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri Richardson) Spermatozoon, James H. Fribourgh, Bernard L. Soloff
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The scanning electron microscope was used to determine the morphology of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) spermatozoon. The spermatozoon is approximately 32 μm long and consists of a head, mitochondrial collar, and flagellum. The head is elongated and somewhat flattened. It has an antero posterior length of 3.1 μm and a maximum diameter of 1.6 to 2.2 μm. Mean antero-posterior length of the mitochondrial collar is 0.8 μm The collar encircles the flagellum but is separated from it. The flagellum ranges in length from 26 to31 μm and is divided into a principal piece and end piece. Cytoplasmic vesicles …
Fishes Of The Fourche River In Northcentral Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles
Fishes Of The Fourche River In Northcentral Arkansas, Steve M. Bounds, John K. Beadles
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of Fourche River in northcentral Arkansas was made between June 1974 and March 1976. Field collections and literature records revealed that the river system was inhabited by 94 species of fish representing 21 families. The collected fishes represent both the Ozark and the lowland faunal groups. Fourteen species of Etheostoma and four species of Percina were collected. The records of Etheostoma asprigene and Elassoma zonatum represent extensions of the previously known ranges of these species within the state. Noturus gyrinus and Etheostoma histrio were recorded from the Black River system in Arkansas for the first …
Fishes Of The Cane Creek Watershed In Southeast Missouri And Northeast Arkansas, Bruce E. Yeager, John K. Beadles
Fishes Of The Cane Creek Watershed In Southeast Missouri And Northeast Arkansas, Bruce E. Yeager, John K. Beadles
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A survey of the fishes of Cane Creek in southeast Missouri and northeast Arkansas was made between 25 August 1974 and 16 July 1975. Field collections, literature records, fisherman reports, and museum specimens showed the fishes of Cane Creek to be composed of 90 species distributed among 20 families. Records of Lampetra aepyptera (Abbott), Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque), Etheostoma histrio Jordan and Gilbert, and Percina uranidea (Jordan and Gilbert) were either the first records of these species in this stream or reaffirmed their presence. The fish collected were common to the Ozark, Ozark lowland, lowland, and wide-ranging faunal groups of Pflieger …
Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Selected Invertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Kenneth L. Smith
Cave Fauna Of Arkansas: Selected Invertebrate Taxa, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Kenneth L. Smith
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
This report is the first in a series of reports describing the fauna of Arkansas caves. Included are notes accumulated during the past four years on nematomorphs, amphipods, isopods, diplopods, decapods, and a variety of insect taxa. In addition to indicated records of distribution, the ecological status of each species (as a cavernicole) is described as troglobitic, troglophilic, trogloxenic, or accidental. Several of the included species are reported for the first time from Arkansas.
Preliminary Dove Banding Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, Thurman Booth, Peggy Rae Dorris, William N. Hunter, Benny Mays
Preliminary Dove Banding Studies In Clark County, Arkansas, Thurman Booth, Peggy Rae Dorris, William N. Hunter, Benny Mays
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
In conjunction with the U.S. Department of Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, Henderson State University Biology Department made a preliminary study of mourning doves in Clark County, Arkansas, during June, July and August 1974. Three hundred seventy-one mourning doves were baited, trapped and banded to obtain information concerning age, sex, populations, retraps, deformities, effects on other animals, migrations and other behaviors.
Age And Growth Of Bluegill, Lepomis Macrochirus Rafinesque, From Lake Fort Smith, Arkansas, Jacob J. Hogue, Raj V. Kilambi
Age And Growth Of Bluegill, Lepomis Macrochirus Rafinesque, From Lake Fort Smith, Arkansas, Jacob J. Hogue, Raj V. Kilambi
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A total of 337 bluegill from Lake Fort Smith were used for this study. Annuli were formed between late February and early June, the younger fish forming annuli earlier than older fish. Total length-scale radius and length-weight relationships were determined. Growth of bluegill was compared with that reported in other studies. Growth curves were analyzed by the Von Bertalanffy growth formula and the parameters were evaluated in terms of physical and biological factors.
New Distributional Records Of Fishes From The Lower Ouachita River System In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison
New Distributional Records Of Fishes From The Lower Ouachita River System In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Fishes collected from the lower Ouachita River system in Arkansas during 1971-1974 are reported. As a result of these collections six species were added to the Ouachita River system ichthyofauna of Arkansas including an undescribed species of Notropis, Hybopsis aestivalis (Girard), Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque), Fundulus chrysotus (Gunther), Lepomis symmetricus (Forbes) and Etheostoma fusiforme barratti (Holbrook). New distributional records for Ichthyomyzon gagei (Hubbs and Trautman), Notropis maculatus (Hay), N. lutrensis (Baird and Girard), Erimyzon sucetta (Lacepede), Fundulus notti (Agassiz) and Lepomis marginatus (Holbrook) within the system also are presented.
Ichthyofaunal Diversification And Distribution In Jane's Creek Watershed, Randolph County, Arkansas, Cheryl Lynn Fowler, George L. Harp
Ichthyofaunal Diversification And Distribution In Jane's Creek Watershed, Randolph County, Arkansas, Cheryl Lynn Fowler, George L. Harp
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The purposes of this study were to determine the qualitative and quantitative distribution of fishes in the Jane's Creek watershed. Jane's Creek is a clear, spring-fed Ozark stream in northeastern Arkansas. A knowledge of the ichthyofauna of this stream prior to a long-range impoundment is of significance to the natural history of Arkansas. Jane's Creek and its tributaries were found to be alkaline, with no measurable turbidity, and to have low levels of carbon dioxide. Dissolved oxygen values ranged from 6.1 to 16.0 ppm. Only slight differences in physicochemical conditions were noted among stations and between pool and riffle areas …
Effects Of Mississippi Delta Flooding On Spider Populations, Peggy Rae Dorris
Effects Of Mississippi Delta Flooding On Spider Populations, Peggy Rae Dorris
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The Mississippi Delta flooded in the spring of 1973. Spider collections made in a Delta area of Mississippi in 1972 are compared with those made in 1973 during the flood and after it subsided. Because many egg cases and immature and mature spiders were destroyed by the flood, the spider population was diminished.