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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

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Articles 1141 - 1170 of 1561

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Distribution And Status Of The Kiamichi Shiner, Nottropis Ortenburgeri Hubbs (Cyprinidae), Henry W. Robison Jan 2005

Distribution And Status Of The Kiamichi Shiner, Nottropis Ortenburgeri Hubbs (Cyprinidae), Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Kiamichi shiner, Notropis ortenburgeri, a diminuitive, silvery, upland stream fish in southwestern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma was studied from 1999-2001 to determine its distribution, habitat, and conservation status in Arkansas and Oklahoma. Eighty-five collections were made during the two-year study. The present distribution in Arkansas and Oklahoma is described as well as the conservation status of the Kiamichi shiner in both states.

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Seasonal Incidence Of Sperm Within The Spermathecae Of Ouachita Dusky Salamanders (Desmognathus Brimleyorum) In Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Michelle N. Mary Jan 2005

Seasonal Incidence Of Sperm Within The Spermathecae Of Ouachita Dusky Salamanders (Desmognathus Brimleyorum) In Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Michelle N. Mary

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We examined 91 adult female Ouachita dusky salamanders {Desmognathus brimleyorum) to determine the seasonal incidence of sperm within spermathecae. The spermatheca (sperm storage gland) along with supporting tissue was removed from the dorsal cloacal wall of each female and prepared for light microscopy. We recorded the reproductive condition of females (diameter of enlarged ovarian follicles =EOF) and found large aggregates of sperm within the spermathecae during all months, except February (no specimens available). The highest incidence of sperm in spermathecae occurred in July specimens (53%; n = 17). Although the known nesting season runs from July into August in this …

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Identification Of Cystacanths And Adults Of Oligacanthorhynchus Tortuosa, Macracanthorhynchus Ingens, And Macracanthorhynchus Hirudinaceus Based On Probiscis And Hook Morphometrics, Dennis J. Richardson Jan 2005

Identification Of Cystacanths And Adults Of Oligacanthorhynchus Tortuosa, Macracanthorhynchus Ingens, And Macracanthorhynchus Hirudinaceus Based On Probiscis And Hook Morphometrics, Dennis J. Richardson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Abnormalities In The Ozark Hellbender, (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Bishopi) In Arkansas: A Comparison Between Two Rivers With A Historical Perspective, Waylon R. Hiler, Benjamin A. Wheeler, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2005

Abnormalities In The Ozark Hellbender, (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Bishopi) In Arkansas: A Comparison Between Two Rivers With A Historical Perspective, Waylon R. Hiler, Benjamin A. Wheeler, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We documented abnormalities of Ozark hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi) populations in the Eleven Point River (Randolph County, Arkansas) and the Spring River (Fulton County, Arkansas) as part of ongoing monitoring efforts in this species. We found abnormalities in 90% (9 of 10) and 40% (36 of 97) of hellbenders in the Spring River and Eleven Point River, respectively, during the 2003-2004 field seasons. Most abnormalities found in Eleven Point hellbenders were generally less invasive and seemed to be more intrinsic to the species' natural history (i.e., vicissitudes of living), whereas those found in Spring River hellbenders were gross morphological aberrations. …

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Status Survey Of The Arkansas Endemic Crayfish, Fallicambarus Gilpini Hobbs And Robinson, Henry W. Robison, Brian K. Wagner Jan 2005

Status Survey Of The Arkansas Endemic Crayfish, Fallicambarus Gilpini Hobbs And Robinson, Henry W. Robison, Brian K. Wagner

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Fieldwork was conducted during 2002-2003 on the rare, Arkansas endemic crayfish, Fallicambarus gilpini Hobbs and Robison. Collections at 87 localities revealed this crayfish at 8 sites, all located in southeastern Arkansas in Jefferson and Cleveland counties which significantly expands its known range. Fallicambarus gilpini was generally found inhabiting roadside ditches and areas of standing water where it was always taken from upslope areas away from the static water. A sex ratio of 1:1.3 males to females was determined for this species. Ovigerous females were collected from burrows on 20 March 2003. A conservation status of "threatened" is recommended for this …

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Songbird Inventory For Arkansas Post National Memorial, Philip A. Tappe Jan 2005

Songbird Inventory For Arkansas Post National Memorial, Philip A. Tappe

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Two geographically separate units of Arkansas Post National Memorial were surveyed via fixed-radius plots to document songbird species composition, richness, and diversity by migratory status and nesting guild. At the Memorial Unit, 60 species vere recorded with the Brown-headed Cowbird, Red-winged Blackbird, and Northern Cardinal being most common. individuals of these three species comprised 30% of the total number of birds recorded despite representing only 5% of the species encountered. About 2 1/2 times more resident birds were recorded than migratory birds. However, species richness and diversity of resident and migratory species were similar. The number of individuals, species richness, …

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Response Of An Arkansas White-Tailed Deer Population To Harvest, Robert E. Kissell Jr., Philip A. Tappe Jan 2005

Response Of An Arkansas White-Tailed Deer Population To Harvest, Robert E. Kissell Jr., Philip A. Tappe

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Deer-Vehicle Collisions In Arkansas, Philip A. Tappe Jan 2005

Deer-Vehicle Collisions In Arkansas, Philip A. Tappe

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2004, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg Dec 2004

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2004, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

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A Survey Into The Prevalence Of Parasitic Helminths In Boiler Breeders, Anita Sarathi Jan 2004

A Survey Into The Prevalence Of Parasitic Helminths In Boiler Breeders, Anita Sarathi

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of helminth infections in spent broiler breeders. Intestinal tracts from 10 birds from each of five farms were obtained and examined for parasite identification and quantification. Heterakis gallinarum infections were the most common, followed in order of decreasing incidence by Capillaria obsignata, Ascaridia galli and Raillietina cesticillus. Peak worm burdens for individual birds were 121 (A. galli), 535 (H. gallinarum), 2I5 (C. obsignata) and 125 ( R. cesticillus). Significant farm-to-farm variation in worm burdens was observed.

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Western Kingbird (Tyrannus Verticalis): Recently Established Breeding Bird In Arkansas, Elizabeth Ellis, Ragupathy Kannan Jan 2004

Western Kingbird (Tyrannus Verticalis): Recently Established Breeding Bird In Arkansas, Elizabeth Ellis, Ragupathy Kannan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) has nested for six consecutive years in Arkansas since 1998. Eleven nests of this species were observed in the summer of 2003 in urban areas of Fort Smith (Sebastian Co.) and Van Buren (Crawford Co.). All nests were on human-made structures. Of the 11, seven (64%) were located on power stations and the remaining four (36%) were on light posts. Mean nest height was 7.92 m (n = 11nests) and the mean width of nest poles was 31.18 cm (n= 4). Nest building lasted 12 to 13 days (mean = 12.5 days, n = 2 …

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Unusual Hybognathus (Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae) From Lower White River, Arkansas, David A. Etnier, Henry W. Robison Jan 2004

Unusual Hybognathus (Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae) From Lower White River, Arkansas, David A. Etnier, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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First Documentation That Henslow's Sparrow Regularly Occurs During The Breeding And Wintering Seasons In Arkansas, William C. Hollimon, Robert H. Doster, Douglas A. James, Michael A. Mlodinow, Joseph C. Neal, William M. Shepherd Jan 2004

First Documentation That Henslow's Sparrow Regularly Occurs During The Breeding And Wintering Seasons In Arkansas, William C. Hollimon, Robert H. Doster, Douglas A. James, Michael A. Mlodinow, Joseph C. Neal, William M. Shepherd

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 5 2004, Several Authors Jan 2004

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 5 2004, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2004

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann Jan 2004

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Pig Weaning Age And Commingling After The Nursery Phase On Humoral And Behavioral Indicators Of Well-Being And On Growth Performance, Sarah C. Arthur, Mari E. Davis, Jason K. Apple, Charles V. Maxwell Jan 2004

Effect Of Pig Weaning Age And Commingling After The Nursery Phase On Humoral And Behavioral Indicators Of Well-Being And On Growth Performance, Sarah C. Arthur, Mari E. Davis, Jason K. Apple, Charles V. Maxwell

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Two hundred and sixteen pigs were weaned at 14 or 21 d of age to determine the effect of weaning age and commingling after the nursery phase on growth and behavior of pigs in a wean-to-finish facility. Pigs were divided into older and younger age groups and allotted 12 pigs/pen with nine replications of each group. At the end of the nursery phase (d 34 after weaning), one-half of the pigs in each group were removed and commingled for the grower/finisher phase and the other half remained in their original pens. Beginning at weaning (d 0), pigs were monitored via …

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Laboratory-Scale Evaluation Of Incandescent And Compact Florescent Lamps For Poultry House Lighting, Leanne Gabriel, Donald M. Johnson Jan 2004

Laboratory-Scale Evaluation Of Incandescent And Compact Florescent Lamps For Poultry House Lighting, Leanne Gabriel, Donald M. Johnson

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

This laboratory-scale study compared 1000- and 2000-h rated 60W incandescent lamps and 6000-h rated 60W-equivalent compact florescent lamps over 6000 h of simulated broiler-house operation. The four original 1000-h incandescent lamps were replaced 22 times and the four 2000-h incandescent lamps were replaced 14 times. None of the four compact florescent lamps failed during the 6000-h experiment, although one was broken due to human error. Both types of incandescent lamps had significantly higher (p < .0001) mean illuminance (lx) than did the compact florescent lamps. The compact florescent lamps used significantly less (p < .0001) power (W) and had significantly higher (p < .0001) efficiency (lx/W) than the incandescent lamps. Despite a higher initial purchase price, the total cost (purchase + replacement + electrical) of operating compact florescent lamps was approximately 36% lower than the total cost of operating either type of incandescent lamp over the 6000 h period. The results of this study indicate that even at a least-cost price for electricity ($0.04/kW/h), growers can reduce total broiler-house lighting costs by replacing incandescent lamps with compact florescent lamps.

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Impact Of Dietary Changes On Hepatic Homocysteine Metabolism In Young Broilers, Fauna M. Ganson, Padmakumar Pillai, Jason L. Emmert Jan 2004

Impact Of Dietary Changes On Hepatic Homocysteine Metabolism In Young Broilers, Fauna M. Ganson, Padmakumar Pillai, Jason L. Emmert

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Information regarding the impact of sulfur amino acids (SAA) on hepatic homocysteine (Hcy) flux through the various metabolic pathways competing for Hcy in young broilers is lacking. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of varying levels of dietary methionine (Met), choline, and betaine on hepatic Hcy flux in young broiler chickens. A standard starter basal diet was fed to chicks until 8 d of age; 12 experimental diets were given from 8-22 d. The experimental basal diet contained deficient levels of Met and cysteine (Cys); supplemental Met (0, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.24%) was added to the basal diet …

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Acaricidal Efficacy Of Various Agents In The Treatment Of Naturally Occurring Ornithonyssus Sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) Infestations Of Chickens, Maggie Phillips, T. A. Yazwinski, C. A. Tucker, Jennifer Robins, Jeremy Powell, Linda Stamps Jan 2004

Acaricidal Efficacy Of Various Agents In The Treatment Of Naturally Occurring Ornithonyssus Sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) Infestations Of Chickens, Maggie Phillips, T. A. Yazwinski, C. A. Tucker, Jennifer Robins, Jeremy Powell, Linda Stamps

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

The northern fowl mite (NFM), Ornithonyssus sylviarum, is a commonly occurring external parasite of chickens. Primarily, caged layers have the greatest incidence of this mite, with bird unrest, unthriftiness and lowered production as some of the adverse effects of the infestation. In the current study, birds with natural NFM infestations were randomized into five treatment groups, placed in individual cages in treatment-specific batteries (all in one room), and evaluated for 28 d for infestation quantification by way of index scoring and feather digest. No treatments were 100% effective in eliminating all life stages of the mite. Tetrachlorvinphos in combination with …

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A Survey Into The Prevalence Of Parasitic Helminths In Broiler Breeders, Anita Sarathi, Tom Yazwinski, Chris Tucker, Jennifer Robins Jan 2004

A Survey Into The Prevalence Of Parasitic Helminths In Broiler Breeders, Anita Sarathi, Tom Yazwinski, Chris Tucker, Jennifer Robins

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of helminth infections in spent broiler breeders. Intestinal tracts from 10 birds from each of five farms were obtained and examined for parasite identification and quantification. Heterakis gallinarum infections were the most common, followed in order of decreasing incidence by Capillaria obsignata, Ascaridia galli, and Raillietina cesticillus. Peak worm burdens for individual birds were 121 (A. galli), 535 (H. gallinarum), 215 (C. obsignata) and 125 (R. cesticillus). Significant farm-to-farm variation in worm burdens was observed.

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Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2004

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Assessment Of Thermal Infrared Detection Rates Using White-Tailed Deer Surrogates, Robert E. Kissell Jr., Philip A. Tappe Jan 2004

Assessment Of Thermal Infrared Detection Rates Using White-Tailed Deer Surrogates, Robert E. Kissell Jr., Philip A. Tappe

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

As thermal infrared imaging technology has improved, it has increasingly been used for estimating sizes of wildlife populations. The greatest bias of thermal infrared surveys is the lack of known detection rates to adjust for visibility bias. As with visual surveys, a measure of detection rate is needed to provide unbiased estimates. We assessed the detection rate of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) using a thermal infrared sensor (1.2 - 5.9 /an) from an aerial platform. Similar characteristics between thermal signatures of people and deer allowed us to use people in a reclined or horizontal position as surrogates for deer. We …

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Distribution, Natural History Aspects, And Status Of The Arkansas Endemic Crayfish, Fallicambarus Harpi Hobbs And Robinson, 1985, Henry W. Robison, Betty G. Crump Jan 2004

Distribution, Natural History Aspects, And Status Of The Arkansas Endemic Crayfish, Fallicambarus Harpi Hobbs And Robinson, 1985, Henry W. Robison, Betty G. Crump

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Recent fieldwork in west central Arkansas has revealed the Arkansas endemic crayfish, Fallicambarus harpi Hobbs and Robison, to be more abundant than formerly believed. New localities and county records are provided in addition to information on the habitat preferences, sex ratio, color variation, reproductive biology, and conservation status of this burrowing crayfish.

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Human Rabies Post-Exposure Treatment In Arkansas, 1994-2000, D. Blake Sasse Jan 2004

Human Rabies Post-Exposure Treatment In Arkansas, 1994-2000, D. Blake Sasse

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Arkansas Department of Health recorded 118 incidents where humans in Arkansas were treated following exposure to confirmed rabid animals from 1994-2000. Domestic species accounted for 64% of incidents and 76% of total human exposures with the ratio of human exposures per rabid animal 17 times higher for domestic animals than wild animals. Records of 218 cases of human exposure to potentially rabid wild animals during this period were also examined to determine method of contact. While 72% of cases involving raccoons (Procyon lotor), skunks (Mephitis mephitis and Spilogale putorius), and foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus and Vulpes vulpes) were initiated by …

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New Geographic Distribution Records For The Flier, Centrarchus Macropterus (Perciformes: Centrarchidae), From Southwestern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Stephanie F. Barclay, Henry W. Robison Jan 2004

New Geographic Distribution Records For The Flier, Centrarchus Macropterus (Perciformes: Centrarchidae), From Southwestern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Stephanie F. Barclay, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Parasites (Coccidia, Trematoda, Nematoda) From Selected Bats Of Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Steve J. Upton, Charles R. Bursey Jan 2004

Parasites (Coccidia, Trematoda, Nematoda) From Selected Bats Of Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Steve J. Upton, Charles R. Bursey

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Noteworthy Records Of The Seminole Bat, Lasiurus Seminolus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), From Southwestern Arkansas And Northeastern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Zachary D. Ramsey, Nancy E. Solley Jan 2004

Noteworthy Records Of The Seminole Bat, Lasiurus Seminolus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), From Southwestern Arkansas And Northeastern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Zachary D. Ramsey, Nancy E. Solley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Geographic Range Expansion And Feeding Response By The Leech Macrobdella Diplotertia (Annelida: Hirudinea) To Wood Frog And Spotted Salamander Egg Masses, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert G. Neal Jan 2004

Geographic Range Expansion And Feeding Response By The Leech Macrobdella Diplotertia (Annelida: Hirudinea) To Wood Frog And Spotted Salamander Egg Masses, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert G. Neal

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2003, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg Dec 2003

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2003, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The faculty and staff of the Animal Science Program are pleased to present the sixth edition of the Arkansas Animal Science Report. As with virtually all programs in the country, budget constraints presented serious challenges to teaching, research, and extension programming. However, the faculty and staff responded with innovation, good management, and hard work to maintain a productive program designed to benefit the students of the University and the citizens of the state. We are committed to remaining faithful to our Land-Grant mission. A sincere thank you is owed to Dr. Zelpha Johnson and Dr. Wayne Kellogg for editing this …

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