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Articles 931 - 960 of 1392

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Optimum Monensin Levels In Feeder Calf Receiving Diets, R. H. Pritchard, J. U. Thomson Jan 1993

Optimum Monensin Levels In Feeder Calf Receiving Diets, R. H. Pritchard, J. U. Thomson

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

Monensin was fed in the receiving diets of recently weaned calves at a rate of 0, 10, 20, or 30 g per ton (air dry basis) or 100 or 200 mg per head daily to determine effects on feed intake and coccidia control. The 240 steer calves used originated from western rangelands and had no previous exposure to milled feeds or confinement. During the first week in the feedlot, monensin fed at 30 g per ton depressed feed intake by 5% and the depression response was linear (P<.001) over the range of dosages tested. This reduction in feed intake did not affect average daily gain or calf health. Over 90% of these calves were shedding coccidia oocysts on the first day in the feedlot. Monensin began to suppress (P<.01) oocyst shedding after 10 days on feed and this effect persisted throughout the 84-day experiment. The percentage of calves within a treatment that were not shedding oocysts improved as monensin dosage was increased. These data indicate that intake sensitivity to monensin is primarily related to daily intake of the drug rather than drug concentration in the diet. Furthermore, monensin can be included in receiving calf diets at sufficiently high levels to reduce coccidia oocyst shedding without depressing performance.

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Chaps Summary For South Dakota, 1992, D. L. Boggs Jan 1993

Chaps Summary For South Dakota, 1992, D. L. Boggs

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

Calving distribution and calf performance data were summarized from the CHAPS (Cow Herd Appraisal of Performance Software) analyses of 102 South Dakota cow herds. CHAPS uses beef cow weaning weight records to calculate adjusted 205-day weights and ratios, keep lifetime production records on cows, calculate Most Probable Producing Ability estimates for cows, produce a sire summary, and analyze production according to cow age and 21-day calving periods. The 1992 summary represents 11,661 cows for an average of 114 cows per herd. The herds ranged in size from 10 to 616 head. The average midpoint of the calving season for these …

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An Evaluation Of Three Mixing Wagons, J. J. Wagner, R. H. Pritchard Jan 1993

An Evaluation Of Three Mixing Wagons, J. J. Wagner, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

Three mixer wagons, a poor condition triple auger (PCA), a good condition triple auger (GCA), and a new reel type (RT) mixer, were evaluated after 2, 4, 6, and 8 minutes of mixing time. Two diets were used: a grower diet with 37.14% ground hay and 62.86% concentrate and a finisher diet with 10.22% ground hay and 89.78% concentrate on a dry matter basis. Concentrate included whole shelled corn, high moisture ear corn and pelleted and liquid supplements. The coefficient of variation among acid detergent fiber levels appeared to be the best indicator of adequacy of mix. The PCA mixer …

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Role Of Supplement Form For Finishing Yearling Steers, R. H. Pritchard Jan 1993

Role Of Supplement Form For Finishing Yearling Steers, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

The impact of liquid, meal, and pelleted supplements on feedlot performance and liver abscesses was evaluated in yearling steers. Steers were fed 90% concentrate diets and test supplement sources for 105 days. The control diet included all supplemental feed ingredients in pelleted form. Four other diets included a liquid supplement that contained supplemental vitamins, minerals, and monensin and a dry supplement providing protein and tylosin all equal to the control. The protein-tylosin component was fed in meal or pelleted form. Overall, steers fed liquid supplements outperformed steers fed dry pelleted supplements with higher average daily gain (P=.05) and dry matter …

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Sampling Of Large Round And Large Square Bales, C. L. Austin, N. J. Thiex, E. K. Twidwell, K. D. Kephart Jan 1993

Sampling Of Large Round And Large Square Bales, C. L. Austin, N. J. Thiex, E. K. Twidwell, K. D. Kephart

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

Four hay probes were used to sample four lots of hay. The lots of hay were as follows: alfalfa large round bales, alfalfa large square bales, alfalfa-grass mix large round bales, and alfalfa-grass mix large square bales. Probes used were as follows: E-Z Probe, John Skogberg handcrafted probe, Utah Hay Sampler, and Frontier Mills probe. Six bales from each lot were sampled. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) percentages and relative feed value (RFV) were predicted by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Bale variation within hay type was much greater than probe …

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Effects Of Administering Progesterone Or Progesterone And Gnrh On Age At Pubery In Crossbred Beef Heifers, C. L. Larson, H. L. Miller, D. M. Marshall, M. B. Long Jan 1993

Effects Of Administering Progesterone Or Progesterone And Gnrh On Age At Pubery In Crossbred Beef Heifers, C. L. Larson, H. L. Miller, D. M. Marshall, M. B. Long

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

A study using 143 replacement beef heifers was conducted over a 3-year period to determine the effects that progesterone or progesterone and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) would have on age at puberty in beef heifers. Progesterone treated heifers were 21.8 and 38.9 days younger (P<.05) at puberty than control heifers in the first 2 years of the study, while progesterone plus GnRH treated heifers were 35.4 days (P<.01) and 31.2 days (P<.05) younger than controls. No difference (P>.05) in age at puberty was detected between groups in the third year. While progesterone and progesterone plus GnRH treated heifers had a higher conception rate (P<.01) to Al than controls in the first year of the study, calving records showed they experienced a higher rate of embryonic loss. However, calving rate still remained higher than in the control group. These differences were not observed in the second year and calving data for the final year of the study is currently not available.

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Conventional Versus High Energy Receiving And Step-Up Diets For Feedlot Cattle, C. P. Birkelo, J. Lounsbery Jan 1993

Conventional Versus High Energy Receiving And Step-Up Diets For Feedlot Cattle, C. P. Birkelo, J. Lounsbery

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

Two hundred sixty-four yearling steers with an initial average weight of 730 Ib were randomly allotted to 24 pens and fed ad libitum either conventional (CONV) receiving or step-up diets (hay content decreased from 50% to 40, 30, 20, and 10% of diet dry matter) or high energy (HE) diets (hay content was maintained throughout at 10% but wet corn distillers grain (WDG) decreased from 43% to 30, 20, 10, and 0%). The feeding of WDG in place of hay was designed to maximize energy intake while not overloading the rumen with starch during the grain adaptation period. Long grass …

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Genetic Parameters For Carcass Traits In Beef Cattle, D. M. Marshall Jan 1993

Genetic Parameters For Carcass Traits In Beef Cattle, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

The recent scientific literature was reviewed to summarize genetic parameters for carcass traits in beef cattle. Heritability estimates were generally moderate to large, in agreement with previous literature estimates. This suggests good potential for making change through genetic selection for a given individual carcass characteristic. However, genetic improvement through multiple-trait selection would be slowed by several important genetic antagonisms between traits, suggesting the use of terminal breeding systems with complementary sire and dam genetic types. Individual and maternal heterosis estimates from age-constant analyses were numerically positive and quite large for fat thickness and tended to be numerically positive and small …

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Maternal Performance Of First-Calf Crossbred Beef Cowns In Relation To Sire Expected Progeny Differency (Epds), D. M. Marshall, M. B. Long Jan 1993

Maternal Performance Of First-Calf Crossbred Beef Cowns In Relation To Sire Expected Progeny Differency (Epds), D. M. Marshall, M. B. Long

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

Cumulative milk production of crossbred daughters of sires of several breeds was estimated using weigh-suckle-weigh procedures. Pooled-across-breed analyses were conducted to determine, in retrospect, relationships of sire expected progeny difference (EPD) values for milk and total maternal value to daughter milk yield and daughter's offspring weaning weight. The pooled coefficient for regression of daughter 214-day milk yield sire milk EPD was 13.4 Ib/lb (residual correlation was .14). The overall mean estimated milk yield was 2,782 Ib, suggesting that a difference in sire milk EPD of 1 Ib corresponded to a difference of approximately 5% in cumulative daughter milk yield. The …

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Net Energy Of Soybean Mill Run For Growing Cattle, C. P. Birkelo, D. Thomson Jan 1993

Net Energy Of Soybean Mill Run For Growing Cattle, C. P. Birkelo, D. Thomson

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

The objective of the experiment was to estimate the net energies for maintenance (NEm) and gain (NEg) of soybean mill run (SMR), a by-product typically containing about 90% soyhulls. Six steers with an average weight of 288 kg were alternately fed pelleted test diets at intakes varying from 3.6 to 9.4 kg per day in an energy balance experiment arranged in a crossover design. The test diets contained either 96.6% alfalfa (ALF) or 46.6% alfalfa and 50.0% soybean mill run (ALFSMR). Energy intake from feed and losses in feces and urine were determined from total collections. Energy lost as methane …

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Ammoniated Oat Hulls For Growing Calves, C. P. Birkelo, D. U. Thomson, J. Lounsbery Jan 1993

Ammoniated Oat Hulls For Growing Calves, C. P. Birkelo, D. U. Thomson, J. Lounsbery

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

Eighty-one steer calves were fed growing diets that contained 50% of either 1) ground brome hay (BROME), 2) unground oat hulls (OH), or 3) unground oat hulls treated with 3% ammonia and enough water to raise the moisture content to 20% (NH3-OH). Treated oat hulls were allowed to react for 63 days prior to feeding. Daily gains of NH3-OH fed steers were 18 and 13% greater than those of OH and BROME fed steers, respectively, during the 88-day study (P<.01). Dry matter intakes were not affected by diet (P>.10). However, feed efficiency was 13% better for NH3-OH fed steers than steers fed OH and 9% better than those …

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Effects Of Level Of Concentration On Utilization Of Mature Prairie Hay By Steers, M. C. Namminga, R. J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard Jan 1993

Effects Of Level Of Concentration On Utilization Of Mature Prairie Hay By Steers, M. C. Namminga, R. J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

A trial involving total tract digestibility and ruminal in situ disappearance was conducted to determine effects of level of concentrate supplement on utilization of mature prairie hay by beef steers. Supplemental treatments included CONTROL (no supplement) and combinations of corn and soybean meal to provide .66 1b of ruminally degradable protein from increasing amounts of concentrate supplement (LOW = 2.16 Ib/day, MEDIUM = 6.28 Ib/day, and HIGH = 10.38 Ib/day). Steers receiving higher levels of concentrate supplements (MEDIUM and HIGH) exhibited decreased intake (P<.01) and digestibility (P<.01) of mature prairie hay. Supplementation with the low level of high crude protein supplement (LOW) resulted in improved dry matter intake (P<.01) and digestibility (P<.02) of mature prairie hay. Apparent dry matter digestibility of the total diet increased (P<.05) as level of concentrate supplement increased. Supplementation with the high level of concentrate supplement (HIGH) decreased disappearance of dry matter (P<.05) and neutral detergent fiber (P<.05) from the rumen and depressed ruminal pH (P<.01) at 4, 8, and 12 hours post-supplementation. Results of this trial confirm the benefits of low levels of high crude protein, all natural supplements on utilization of mature forages and indicate that high levels of high starch supplements will depress utilization of mature prairie hay.

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Level Of Available Forage And Supplemental Protein And Energy For Cows Grazing Winter Range, R. J. Pruitt, M. C. Namminga, R. H. Haigh, D. B. Young Jan 1993

Level Of Available Forage And Supplemental Protein And Energy For Cows Grazing Winter Range, R. J. Pruitt, M. C. Namminga, R. H. Haigh, D. B. Young

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

A winter grazing trial at the SDSU Range and Livestock Research Station near Cottonwood was conducted to determine if the response to feeding a high starch supplement is dependent on the amount of protein fed and the amount of forage available. During December and January 126 Simmental-Angus crossbred cows grazing two pastures with differing amounts of available forage were fed four supplemental treatments that provided the following amounts of crude protein (Ib) and metabolizable energy (Mcal) per cow daily: 1) .72 and 3.92, 2) .72 and 10.64, 3) 1.44 and 7.78, and 4) 1.44 and 10.91. Cows grazing the high …

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Sdsu Beef Teaching Herd, R. J. Pruitt Jan 1993

Sdsu Beef Teaching Herd, R. J. Pruitt

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

A herd of Angus, Simmental and Simmental- Angus crossbreds are maintained at the Cow-Calf Teaching and Research Unit near the SDSU campus. Cattle from this herd are used for teaching, research, and extension activities. In addition to use in the classroom, cattle are used for the annual SDSU Little International, field days, and numerous 4-H, FFA, and other educational events. Research projects include reproductive physiology, creep feeding, and cow nutrition studies.

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Interpreting Experimental Results, Donald M. Marshall Jan 1993

Interpreting Experimental Results, Donald M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

No abstract provided.

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1993 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University Jan 1993

1993 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Beef Report, 1993

This is the complete 1993 South Dakota Beef Report. The articles published in this report summarize many of the beef cattle research activities conducted at South Dakota State University during 1993. The articles in this report have many levels of application. Some information has immediate application for your farm, ranch, or agribusiness. The articles include information on nutrition , breeding and genetics, management, health, growth and development, and economics of the cattle and beef industry in South Dakota.

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Dairy Digest 1992-1993, South Dakota State University Dairy Club Jan 1993

Dairy Digest 1992-1993, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

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Comparison Of Production Efficiencies When Calves Are Fed In South Dakota Or Texas, R. H. Pritchard, R. L. Preston Jan 1992

Comparison Of Production Efficiencies When Calves Are Fed In South Dakota Or Texas, R. H. Pritchard, R. L. Preston

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

South Dakota's reputation for harsh winters is frequently cited as a limitation to our competitiveness in cattle feeding. To help quantify the impact of climate on cattle feeding, heifers produced in western South Dakota were fed in eastern South Dakota or in the Texas panhandle. Heifer calves were obtained from two ranches, assembled at SDSU, and sorted into three similar groups. Group 1 remained at the SDSU feedlot, Group 2 was shipped half-way to Texas and returned to SDSU, and Group 3 was sent on to Texas for feeding. These groups allow consideration of climate and transit stress on feedlot …

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South Dakota Retained Ownership Demonstration, J. J. Wagner, T. B. Goehring, D. L. Boggs, L. W. Insley Jan 1992

South Dakota Retained Ownership Demonstration, J. J. Wagner, T. B. Goehring, D. L. Boggs, L. W. Insley

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Four hundred nineteen steer calves representing 57 cow-calf producers were consigned to a custom feedlot in mid-October. Cattle were fed in one of three pens. One pen of calves was fed a starter program for 20 days followed by a moderate roughage growing diet for 84 days before they were switched to a high energy finishing diet (TWO). The other two pens were fed a starter program for 20 days followed by a moderate roughage growing diet for 14 days before they were switched to a high energy finishing diet. Cattle were sorted into one of these two pens on …

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An Update On Retained Ownership: Case Study Of Calves Born At The Antelope Range Livestock Station, D. M. Marshall Jan 1992

An Update On Retained Ownership: Case Study Of Calves Born At The Antelope Range Livestock Station, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

An update to a previous report on the case history of retained ownership in the Antelope Range Livestock Station herd is provided. Calves born in 1990 and 1991 were placed in a custom feedlot following weaning and the profitability of postweaning feedlot performance was estimated. Retaining ownership through slaughter, as opposed to selling calves at weaning, resulted in additional estimated profits of $51.27 and $107.82 per head (excluding interest on calf) for the 1990-born and 1991-born calf crops, respectively.

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Effect Of Lutylase Or Bovilene On Conception Rate To Artificial Insemination Of Heifers, T. B. Goehring, D. M. Marshall Jan 1992

Effect Of Lutylase Or Bovilene On Conception Rate To Artificial Insemination Of Heifers, T. B. Goehring, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Calving records from 306 two-year-old heifers were used to compare the effect of Lutylase or Bovilene on first-service conception rate as part of an estrus synchronization and artificial insemination program. There was no difference (P=.91) between products in the percentage of heifers conceiving to artificial insemination following estrus synchronization.

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Effect Of Bull Exposure On Reproductive Performance Of First-Calf Heifers Bred By Natrual Service, T. B. Goehring, H. L. Miller, C. R. Quinn, R. L. Quinn Jan 1992

Effect Of Bull Exposure On Reproductive Performance Of First-Calf Heifers Bred By Natrual Service, T. B. Goehring, H. L. Miller, C. R. Quinn, R. L. Quinn

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Ninety-four spring calving, first-calf heifers were allotted to one of two treatment groups, control or bull exposed, to study the effect of bull exposure early postpartum on rebreeding performance when bred by natural service. Bull exposure early postpartum had no effect on pregnancy rate. However, bull exposure unexpectedly increased the subsequent calving interval by 9 days (P<.05) and delayed the average calving date by 7 days (P<.05). Under the conditions of this study in which heifers were in condition score 5 or better at calving and bred by natural service, bull exposure early postpartum did not improve reproductive performance.

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Effect Of Straw And Newspaper Bedding On Cold Season Feedlot Performance In Two Housing Systems, C. P. Birkelo, J. Lounsbery Jan 1992

Effect Of Straw And Newspaper Bedding On Cold Season Feedlot Performance In Two Housing Systems, C. P. Birkelo, J. Lounsbery

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Two hundred seventy-three crossbred steer calves were fed until slaughter (November through May, 189 days) in either semi-confinement (partial overhead shelter, 88 sq. ft. per steer, concrete pen surface) or conventional open lots (windbreak, 448 sq. ft. per steer, dirt surface with mound). Within each housing system, cattle were provided with no bedding or bedding in the form of oat straw or shredded newspaper. Bedding was provided in amounts necessary to maintain a relatively dry, manure-free area large enough for all cattle to lay down at the same time. There were no interactions between housing systems or bedding treatments (P …

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Limiting Intake Of Finishing Diets By Restricting Access Time To Feed And The Interaction With Monensin, C. P. Birkelo, J. Lounsbery Jan 1992

Limiting Intake Of Finishing Diets By Restricting Access Time To Feed And The Interaction With Monensin, C. P. Birkelo, J. Lounsbery

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

One hundred seventy-six yearling steers were randomly allotted to 16 pens and fed ad libitum or restricted amounts of finishing diets with or without monensin. lntake of the restricted cattle was limited by allowing only 6 to 7 hours access time to feed per day. All cattle were fed once daily. Monensin and restricting access time reduced feed intake by 5.6% and 7.9% (P<.01), respectively. lntake tended to be lowest for restricted cattle fed monensin (P=.13). lntake of restricted cattle as a percent of ad libitum intake varied greatly during the study. This may have contributed to the 7% reduction in daily gain of the restricted-monensin fed cattle and the fact that only nonsignificant trends toward improved feed efficiency due to intake restriction were found (P=.13). Factors affecting rate of feed intake must be considered if limited access time is to be used successfully to improve feed efficiency.

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Optimum Monensin Levels In Receiving Diets For Newly Weaned Calves, R. H. Pritchard, J. U. Thomson Jan 1992

Optimum Monensin Levels In Receiving Diets For Newly Weaned Calves, R. H. Pritchard, J. U. Thomson

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

This research addressed the effects of dietary monensin on the performance and health of steer calves weaned and shipped directly to the feedlot. Feedlot receiving diets were based on corn silage and contained 0, 10, 20, or 30 g/ton monensin. Calves were allowed ad libitum access to feed for 85 days to determine the effects of monensin level on dry matter intake, average daily gain, and fecal shedding of coccidia oocysts. Higher levels of monensin caused decreases (P<.05) in dry matter intake during the initial feeding period. Gains were not affected by monensin during this period and as a result feed efficiency was improved (P<.05) when diets contained 20 or 30 g of monensin per ton. Cumulative 85-day feedlot performance was not affected by treatment. Over 90% of all calves were shedding coccidia oocyst when they arrived in the feedlot. The number of calves shedding oocysts was consistently reduced by monensin after 18 days postweaning.

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Combination Of Synovex-S¹ And Finaplix-S² For Yearling Steers, J. J. Wagner, R. H. Pritchard Jan 1992

Combination Of Synovex-S¹ And Finaplix-S² For Yearling Steers, J. J. Wagner, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Two hundred seventy-seven crossbred yearling steers (719 Ib) were utilized in a 3-year study to determine the effect of combinations of Synovex-S and Finaplix-S on daily gain and carcass merit. Treatments included no implant (C), implanted with Synovex-S on day 1 and Synovex-S on about day 60 (SS), and implanted with Synovex-S on day 1 and the combination of Synovex-S and Finaplix-S on about day 60 (SSF). In year 1, all steers were slaughtered after 124 days on feed. In year 2, steers were slaughtered after 120, 134, or 148 days on feed. In year 3, steers were slaughtered after …

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Implant Combinations And Reimplanting Strategies For Yearling Steers Fed High Concentrate Diets, R. H. Pritchard, M. A. Robbins, D. H. Gee Jan 1992

Implant Combinations And Reimplanting Strategies For Yearling Steers Fed High Concentrate Diets, R. H. Pritchard, M. A. Robbins, D. H. Gee

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Crossbred yearling steers were used to determine the relative efficacy of specific anabolic implant combinations and sequences on feedlot performance and carcass traits. Steers were fed a high concentrate finishing diet for 112 days. lmplanting was done on days 1 and 42 of the feeding period. lmplanting improved (P < .05) average daily gain (ADG) 22% and feed efficiency 15%. Implant treatment generally increased dry matter intake. Lmplanting increased (P<.05) the rib eye area of carcasses 6.5% and tended to cause a reduction in percentage choice carcasses. The percentage of abscessed implants ranged from < 1 % to 10%, depending on the type of implant used even though implant needles were disinfected between each use.

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Breeding System Effects On Production Efficiency Through Weaning-Preliminary Results, D. M. Marshall Jan 1992

Breeding System Effects On Production Efficiency Through Weaning-Preliminary Results, D. M. Marshall

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Preliminary results are presented on production efficiency for a comparison of two-breed rotational crossbreeding to the terminal phase of a rotational-terminal combination system with Charolais as the terminal sire breed. The breeding system comparisons were made within each of three types of dam: Simmental x Hereford, Angus x Hereford, and Tarentaise x Hereford. The two breeding systems had similar average values for dam size, condition score, and feed ME through weaning. Results indicate an increase for terminal matings compared to rotational matings in terms of weaning weight and efficiency ratio (calf weaning weight/dam and calf feed ME) within the Angus …

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Effect Of Source And Level Of Supplemental Protein On Performance Of Postpartum Range Cows, M. C. Namminga, R. J. Pruitt Jan 1992

Effect Of Source And Level Of Supplemental Protein On Performance Of Postpartum Range Cows, M. C. Namminga, R. J. Pruitt

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Two postpartum grazing trials were conducted from early March to mid May in consecutive years to determine the effects of supplemental rumen escape protein on the performance of spring calving beef cows grazing native range. Simmental x Angus cows were allotted within 7 to 14 days of calving to three supplement treatments formulated to provide equal amounts of energy from corn, soybean meal, and a combination of blood meal and corn gluten meal. Cows supplemented with corn lost more weight than cows supplemented with soybean meal. Supplemental escape protein did not improve weight gains over the soybean meal supplement. Supplemental …

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Effects Of Level Of Concentrate And Forage Availability On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Range, M. C. Namminga, R. J. Pruitt, C. A. Tusler, P. S. Johnson Jan 1992

Effects Of Level Of Concentrate And Forage Availability On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Range, M. C. Namminga, R. J. Pruitt, C. A. Tusler, P. S. Johnson

South Dakota Beef Report, 1992

Two winter grazing trials were conducted on consecutive years to determine the effect of level of concentrate supplement and amount of forage available on performance of cows grazing dormant winter range. Simmental x Angus cows were fed concentrate supplements containing combinations of corn and soybean meal at either high, medium or low levels. Supplements were formulated to provide .7 Ib of crude protein during year 1 and .51 Ib of rumen degradable crude protein in year 2. Two pastures with differing amounts of available forage were grazed each year. In year 1, the amount of available forage had a greater …

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