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Articles 121 - 141 of 141
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Rapid Detection Of Grouper Iridovirus By Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification, Chia-Hsuan Sung, Shau-Chi Chi, Kwo-Ching Huang, Jenn-Kan Lu
Rapid Detection Of Grouper Iridovirus By Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification, Chia-Hsuan Sung, Shau-Chi Chi, Kwo-Ching Huang, Jenn-Kan Lu
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel nucleic acid diagnostic method that can rapidly amplify a target template under isothermal conditions. Using the LAMP method, a highly specific and sensitive diagnostic system for grouper iridovirus (GIV) detection was designed. Two outer and two inner primers were designed from GIV genome DNA. Reaction time and temperature were optimized for 60 min at 65°C, respectively. The detection limit of LAMP was about 100 ag and 100 times more sensitive than polymerase chain reaction. LAMP was carried out under various heat source reactor without any particular equipment and the reaction products are observed …
Countermeasure Policy On The Samho Brother Benzene Ship Accident, Chin-Long Lin, Jian-Hwa Hu
Countermeasure Policy On The Samho Brother Benzene Ship Accident, Chin-Long Lin, Jian-Hwa Hu
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
On October 10th, 2005, the chemical ship SAMHO BROTHER mishap occurred in the Taiwan Strait while transporting a cargo of benzene. Explosive approach was applied but failed, causing the ship wreck sank to a depth of 70 m. Oil spill was recovered in a small amount, leaving about 50 tons of the fuel remained. On the other hand, environmental monitoring at the site of the accident revealed that almost all of the great amount of 3140 m3 benzene remains stored in the nine tanks on the ship and further actions upon such a unique event in the history are urgent. …
Age, Growth And Maturation Of Swordtip Squid (Photololigo Edulis) In The Southern East China Sea, Kae-Yih Wang, Kuo-Tien Lee, Cheng-Hsin Liao
Age, Growth And Maturation Of Swordtip Squid (Photololigo Edulis) In The Southern East China Sea, Kae-Yih Wang, Kuo-Tien Lee, Cheng-Hsin Liao
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The reproductive biology, and age and growth of the swordtip squid (Photololigo edulis) in the East China Sea were examined based on the growth ring of statoliths from 1797 specimens during the period of November 2002 to November 2004. The maximum age observed was 261 days in female and 253 days in male, an evidence showing that swordtip squid has a longevity of about 9 months in both sexes. Growth in mantle length (ML) and body weight (BW) in both sexes was best described by the exponential model. There was significantly difference in somatic or statolith growth between the sexes. …
Passive Immunity To White Spot Syndrome Virus (Wssv) In Penaeus Monodon Treated With Monoclonal Antibodies Of The Heterologously Produced Vp28 Viral Envelope Protein, Jyh-Yih Chen, Kumarasamy Anbarasu, Chin-Yu Chen, Ying-Chuan Lee, Fan-Hua Nan, Ching-Ming Kuo
Passive Immunity To White Spot Syndrome Virus (Wssv) In Penaeus Monodon Treated With Monoclonal Antibodies Of The Heterologously Produced Vp28 Viral Envelope Protein, Jyh-Yih Chen, Kumarasamy Anbarasu, Chin-Yu Chen, Ying-Chuan Lee, Fan-Hua Nan, Ching-Ming Kuo
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a highly pathogenic and prevalent virus affecting shrimp culture worldwide including Taiwan. In the present study, the viral envelope protein, VP28, gene of the WSSV was cloned into a pET28a expression vector. VP28 was expressed as a protein with a 6-histidine tag in Escherichia coli and purified by a Ni-NTA column. Antiserum was raised against this recombinant VP28 protein in BALB/C mice, and it recognized the VP28 protein in purified virions and recombinant proteins. The antiserum was mixed with arginine (100 ppm), lysine (168 ppm), and phenylalanine (88 ppm), and the titer of the …
Antioxidant And Immune-Stimulating Activities Of Hot-Water Extract From Seaweed Sargassum Hemiphyllum, Pai-An Hwang, Chwen-Herng Wu, Shu-Yun Gau, Shih-Yung Chien, Deng-Fwu Hwang
Antioxidant And Immune-Stimulating Activities Of Hot-Water Extract From Seaweed Sargassum Hemiphyllum, Pai-An Hwang, Chwen-Herng Wu, Shu-Yun Gau, Shih-Yung Chien, Deng-Fwu Hwang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The hot-water extract of seaweed Sargassum hemiphyllum was evaluated antioxidant activity by using four different methods, including DPPH free radicals scavenging activity, Fe+2 chelating activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging activity and reducing power, and the immune-stimulating activity by using HB4C5 cells and J774.1 cells. It was found that the antioxidant activity was increasing in correlating with the concentration below 3.5 mg/ml. The HB4C5 cells showed the maximum relative activities of cell proliferation (174%) and IgM secretion (132%) at 120 µg/ml of hot-water extract. Overheating slightly reduced the immune-stimulating activity of hot-water extract. At 80 µg/ml, J774.1 cells showed the maximum …
Fleet Dynamic Analysis Of The Taiwan Offshore Trawl Fishery: An Application Of The Sea Surface Temperature Measures, Chin-Hwa Sun, Fu-Sung Chiang
Fleet Dynamic Analysis Of The Taiwan Offshore Trawl Fishery: An Application Of The Sea Surface Temperature Measures, Chin-Hwa Sun, Fu-Sung Chiang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The overall goal of this paper is to provide important information documenting and analyzing Taiwan’s trawl fishing fleet activities in the northeastern of Taiwan. Seasonal SST data are used to analyze different seasonal fishing patterns and the density of fleet dynamics of offshore trawl fleet is used to identify five distinct fishing areas (A, B, C, D, and E) in the northeastern of Taiwan. A Wilcoxon sign test is used to examine the variability in the percent of days spent in each fishing area from 1993 to 1996. Results show that a significant portion of trawl vessels have shifted from …
Copepod Community Structure Of The Winter Frontal Zone Induced By The Kuroshio Branch Current And The China Coastal Current In The Taiwan Strait, Yang-Chi Lan, Ming-An Lee, Cheng-Hsin Liao, Kuo-Tien Lee
Copepod Community Structure Of The Winter Frontal Zone Induced By The Kuroshio Branch Current And The China Coastal Current In The Taiwan Strait, Yang-Chi Lan, Ming-An Lee, Cheng-Hsin Liao, Kuo-Tien Lee
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
This study investigates the spatial distribution of copepods and its relationship with water masses across a frontal area induced by the China Coast Current and the Kuroshio Branch Current in the Taiwan Strait. Temperature and salinity was lower of stations showed significant stratification and lower in the China Coastal Current, but absent or higher in the Kuroshio Branch Current. In this study, 73 copepod species belonging to 36 genera, 18 families and 3 orders were identified. Assemblages of the copepods were divided into three groups KBG, MG and CCG, driven from cluster analysis and were associated with different water masses. …
Biopotentials Of Seaweeds Collected From Southwest Coast Of India, Aseer Manilal, Sugathan Sujith, George Seghal Kiran, Joseph Selvin, Chippu Shakir, Ramakrishnan Gandhimathi, Mamkoottathil Velayudhan Nataraja Panikkar
Biopotentials Of Seaweeds Collected From Southwest Coast Of India, Aseer Manilal, Sugathan Sujith, George Seghal Kiran, Joseph Selvin, Chippu Shakir, Ramakrishnan Gandhimathi, Mamkoottathil Velayudhan Nataraja Panikkar
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Southwest coast of India is a unique marine habitat infested with diverse seaweeds. Therefore, the present study was initiated to explore bioactive potential of major seaweeds. Thirteen seaweeds belonging to three groups were collected from the coast was extracted in methanol:dichloromethane (1:1) and tested for different range of bioactivities including brine shrimp cytotoxicity, larvicidal, ichthyotoxic and nematicidal activities. It was found that out of 13 seaweeds extracts, Dictyota dichotoma and Hypnea pannosa showed lethal effect on root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. All 13 tested seaweeds invariably showed varied range of ichthyotoxicity particularly D. dichotoma, Valoniopsis pachynema and Acrosiphonia orientalis showed …
Developmental Reproductive Effects Of Exposure To Pharmaceutical Steroids In The Aquatic Environment: Studies On Mosquitofish (Gambusia Affinis Affinis),Roach (Rutilus Rutilus) And Medaka(Oryzias Latipes), Taisen Iguchi, Yoshinao Katsu, Hiroshi Urushitani, Anke Lange, Charles R. Tyler
Developmental Reproductive Effects Of Exposure To Pharmaceutical Steroids In The Aquatic Environment: Studies On Mosquitofish (Gambusia Affinis Affinis),Roach (Rutilus Rutilus) And Medaka(Oryzias Latipes), Taisen Iguchi, Yoshinao Katsu, Hiroshi Urushitani, Anke Lange, Charles R. Tyler
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Pharmaceutical androgens and estrogens discharged into the aquatic environment are now known to induce adverse effects in fish and are a health concern for wildlife. Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) exposed to a pharmaceutical androgen, trenbolone, used to enhance cattle growth and found to pollute waters below feedlots in the USA, has been shown to alter the development of the anal fin of the females and disrupt gonopodium development in fry. In our work, we showed that altered gonopodium development was associated with disruption in the normal patterns of expression of 2 cloned androgen receptors. Furthermore, exposure to trenbolone at 1 µg/L …
Effects Of Elevated Seawater Co2 Concentration On The Meiofauna, Haruko Kurihara, Atsushi Ishimatsu, Yoshihisa Shirayama
Effects Of Elevated Seawater Co2 Concentration On The Meiofauna, Haruko Kurihara, Atsushi Ishimatsu, Yoshihisa Shirayama
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
An increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration leads to a rise in CO2 concentrations and a decrease in pH of the ocean surface water due to continuous gas exchange between air and seawater, which may have serious impacts on neritic marine organisms. In this study, we assessed the impacts of elevated CO2 concentrations on meiobenthic organisms by exposing them to seawater equilibrated with air (control: CO2 concentration 380 ppm) or CO2-enriched air (2,000 ppm higher than control, CO2 concentration predicted by the year 2300) for 56 days in microcosms. We observed no significant differences in the abundance of total meiofauna, nematodes, …
Adaptation To Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents: Some Molecular And Developmental Aspects, Florence Pradillon, Françoise Gaill
Adaptation To Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents: Some Molecular And Developmental Aspects, Florence Pradillon, Françoise Gaill
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Alvinella pompejana is a polychaetous annelid inhabiting the surface of deep sea hydrothermal chimneys along the ridge of the east part of the Pacific ocean. The main characteristic of this emblematic species is its habitat, which is very aggressive considering its temperature. The exceptional thermotolerance of this species (up to 80°C) has been the subject of much controversy. This review is focused on the thermal adaptation of this worm regarding molecular data relative to its extracellular matrix and life history traits.
Neuroendocrinology Of Fish Metamorphosis And Puberty: Evolutionary And Ecophysiological Perspectives, Sylvie Dufour, Karine Rousseau
Neuroendocrinology Of Fish Metamorphosis And Puberty: Evolutionary And Ecophysiological Perspectives, Sylvie Dufour, Karine Rousseau
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Metamorphosis and puberty are two major events of the postembryonic development in Vertebrates. Based on some examples from fish species, we review the definition, role and regulation of these events, analyze their common and different features, as well as their impact on the evolution and diversity of life cycles. The term of puberty, firstly defined in humans, has been subsequently extended to the first acquisition of the capacity to reproduce in all mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrates as well as in invertebrates. By definition, puberty occurs only once in the life cycle. However, some similarities may be found with other events, …
Simulated Migration Of European Silver Eel; Swim Capacity And Cost Of Transport, Guido Van Den Thillart, Arjan Palstra, Vincent Van Ginneken
Simulated Migration Of European Silver Eel; Swim Capacity And Cost Of Transport, Guido Van Den Thillart, Arjan Palstra, Vincent Van Ginneken
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
An important aspect of the reproduction of European silver eels is the huge distance (ca 6000-km) they have to swim to reach their spawning grounds. So, obviously endurance swimming is a major requirement for successful reproduction. As migrating eels don’t feed, two major questions should be asked: 1) what are the energy costs to cross the Atlantic Ocean, 2) How much fat do eels need to cover the expenses. From swim tunnel experiments run for days till even 6 months we could determine the cost of transport (COT): 0.5 kJ km-1 kg-1. This amount is about 5 times lower than …
Role Of Sex Hormones In Sex Change Of Grouper, Masaru Nakamura, Mohammad Ashraful Alam, Yasuhisa Kobayashi, Ramji Kumar Bhandari
Role Of Sex Hormones In Sex Change Of Grouper, Masaru Nakamura, Mohammad Ashraful Alam, Yasuhisa Kobayashi, Ramji Kumar Bhandari
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Groupers are commercially important coral reef fishes because of their excellent flavor and high price. Due to their sex changing nature, commercial aquaculture operations have not yet been developed for groupers. Sex steroids play a critical role in the initiation of sex change, but their exact function and mechanism of action are unknown. We have investigated the role of sex steroids in protogynous sex change using the honeycomb grouper, Epinephelus merra, for a number of years. Our studies have shown that sex steroids play a major role in sex change. In this review, we integrate our findings to better understand …
Reproductive Cycles Of The Pearl Oysters, Pinctada Fucata (Gould) And Pinctada Margaritifera (Linnaeus) (Bivalvia: Pteriidae) In Southwestern Taiwan Waters, Jiuan-Jiuan Hwang
Reproductive Cycles Of The Pearl Oysters, Pinctada Fucata (Gould) And Pinctada Margaritifera (Linnaeus) (Bivalvia: Pteriidae) In Southwestern Taiwan Waters, Jiuan-Jiuan Hwang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The reproductive cycles of the pearl oysters Pinctada fucata (Gould) and Pinctada margaritifera (Linnaeus) were examined based on 339 and 284 specimens, collected in southwestern Taiwan. Except for the month of December 2002, Pinctada fucata were collected during the periods from March 2002 to September 2003. Pinctada margaritifera were collected over two periods: from March 2002 to November 2002 and from June 2003 to September 2003. Histological observations on gonadal development indicated that Pinctada fucata and Pinctada margaritifera were protandrous hermaphrodites, and both species exhibited different annual cyclical patterns, in which maturity peaked in May and October for Pinctada fucata, …
Gymnothorax Shaoi, A New Species Of Moray Eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) From Southeastern Taiwan, Hong-Ming Chen, Kar-Hoe Loh
Gymnothorax Shaoi, A New Species Of Moray Eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) From Southeastern Taiwan, Hong-Ming Chen, Kar-Hoe Loh
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
A new species of moray eel, Gymnothorax shaoi, is described here based on ten specimens collected in southeastern Taiwan. The new muraenid is distinct from its most similar species, Gymnothorax fimbriatus, in the character combinations of having brown body color, dark brown spots in at least three rows on body side and spots on posterior dorsal and caudal fin not forming oblique streaks; paler rictus, jaws, and inner mouth; fins without pale margins; no bend in lower jaw; fewer total vertebrae; and smaller in maximum body size. G. shaoi’s eyes have yellow to orange irises, body with dark reddish brown …
Diapause In Aquatic Invertebrates:What's Known And What's Next In Research And Medical Application?, Victor R. Alekseev, Jiang-Shiou Hwang, Mei-Hui Tseng
Diapause In Aquatic Invertebrates:What's Known And What's Next In Research And Medical Application?, Victor R. Alekseev, Jiang-Shiou Hwang, Mei-Hui Tseng
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Dormancy is a profound and ancient adaptation found in a wide spectrum of plants and animals of all habitats. In diapause the switch between active and dormant states is driven by hormonal mechanism that usually includes a photoperiodic pace-maker. Temperature, food limitation and some other stress factors as well are shown as driven by diapause induction in aquatic invertebrates. In the last decade, diapause studies from a wide variety of topics have demonstrated that diapause switch mechanisms may be developed to create novel applications in biotechnology. Resting eggs accumulated in the surface lake sediments represent a “bank” of zooplankton species …
Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis Of Avhrr Sea Surface Temperature Patterns In Taiwan Strait, Ming-An Lee, Ching-Dong Yeah, Chao-Hsiung Cheng, Jui-Wen Chan, Kuo-Tien Lee
Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis Of Avhrr Sea Surface Temperature Patterns In Taiwan Strait, Ming-An Lee, Ching-Dong Yeah, Chao-Hsiung Cheng, Jui-Wen Chan, Kuo-Tien Lee
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis was used to study a time-series of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) imageries from the waters of Taiwan Strait to examine the temporal and spatial characteristics and to determine the dominant pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) variability for 72 months from January 1996 to December 2001. The spatial variance was consistent with a quasi-permanent front at the Chang-Yuen Ridge in winter and associated with strong temperature contrast to the Kuroshio branch or the South China Sea Warm Current. It also displayed a cool water plume extending from the Peng-Hu Islands to Formosa …
The Demand For Aquacultural Products In Taiwan -- An Inverse Demand System Approach, Fu-Sung Chiang, Jonq-Ying Lee
The Demand For Aquacultural Products In Taiwan -- An Inverse Demand System Approach, Fu-Sung Chiang, Jonq-Ying Lee
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
This study compared two inverse demand systems, the Rotterdam inverse demand system and the Laitinen-Theil inverse demand system, to analyze the demand relationships among aquacultural products in Taiwan. Results demonstrate that the Laitinen-Theil’s inverse demand system fits the data better than the Rotterdam inverse demand system. The demand relationships among five groups of aquacultural products, tilapia, milkfish, other aquaculture fish, shrimp, and shellfish were examined. Monthly transaction prices from local fish markets and per capita consumption for the period from July 1990 through December 1995 for these five groups of aquacultural products were used in this study. Results show that …
Demand For Charter Boat Fishing In The Northeast Region Of Taiwan, David S. Liao
Demand For Charter Boat Fishing In The Northeast Region Of Taiwan, David S. Liao
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The determinants of demand for charter boat fishing were examined using a travel cost demand model. Catch rate, trip costs, fishing experience, and income significantly affect charter boat fishing. Thus, the improvement of catch rate and trip costs could be a desirable policy for the charter boat industry in Taiwan.
Effect Of Urea On The Conformation And Chain Flexibility Of Chitosan Molecules With Various Degree Of Deacetylation, Rong Huei Chen, Jeun Hwang Lin, Toshiro Tsaih
Effect Of Urea On The Conformation And Chain Flexibility Of Chitosan Molecules With Various Degree Of Deacetylation, Rong Huei Chen, Jeun Hwang Lin, Toshiro Tsaih
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Chitosans with various degrees of deacetylation (DD) were prepared from red shrimp (Solenocera prominentis). DD of chitosan was determined by infrared spectrum. The effect of urea on the conformation and chain flexibility of chitosan molecules with various DD was studied. The results show: 1) The intrinsic viscosities of chitosan solutions containing 4 M urea were higher than those without urea addition. It indicated the chitosan molecules in solutions containing urea have higher hydrodynamic volume than that without urea. It may due to urea increasing the intramolecular hydrogen bond formation. 2) The persistence lengths of chitosan molecules were longer in solutions …