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Articles 61 - 90 of 130

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Testing The Forage Preference Of The American Pika (Ochotona Princeps) For Use In Connectivity Corridors In The Washington Cascades, Carly Wickhem, Kristina Ernest Jan 2016

Testing The Forage Preference Of The American Pika (Ochotona Princeps) For Use In Connectivity Corridors In The Washington Cascades, Carly Wickhem, Kristina Ernest

All Master's Theses

One of the aims of the Snoqualmie Pass East Project (SPEP) in the Cascades of central Washington is to construct nearly 30 wildlife crossing structures along a 15-mile stretch of Interstate-90. American pikas (Ochotona princeps) are being monitored for the SPEP because they have specific habitat requirements and are poor dispersers. Making the crossing structures “pika-friendly” will encourage these low-mobility animals to use the structures. Recent research suggests that the presence of quality vegetation may help pika populations avoid declines and extirpations, so planting suitable forage within and adjacent to the crossings will be essential. During the summer …

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Analysis Of Fy Promoter And Hepatocystis Load In South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus Aethiops), Benjamin J. Gombash Jan 2016

Analysis Of Fy Promoter And Hepatocystis Load In South African Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus Aethiops), Benjamin J. Gombash

All Master's Theses

There are species of Hepatocystis and Plasmodium, related blood parasites, that enter the cell through a chemokine receptor, coded for by the Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines in humans, and the FY*0 (FY Null) allele in the promoter of this gene results in the absence of this receptor on the exterior of the cell (Miller et al., 1977; Miller et al., 1975; Miller et al., 1976; Barnwell et al., 1989; Perkins and Schall, 2002; Martinsen et al., 2008; Tung et al., 2009). Humans without the receptor show resistance to multiple strains of Plasmodium (Tournamelle, et al., 1995; Zimmerman, et al. …

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Play In Immature Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana): Location, Use Of Play Signals, And Play Bout Termination At Mt. Huangshan, China, Kaitlin R. Wright Jan 2016

Play In Immature Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana): Location, Use Of Play Signals, And Play Bout Termination At Mt. Huangshan, China, Kaitlin R. Wright

All Master's Theses

In this study, I examined the relationship between play behaviors, play location, the frequency of selected play signals, and play bout termination in Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) during immature social play. I gathered video data at the Valley of the Wild Monkeys, Mt. Huangshan, China, and focused on 21 juvenile and infant macaques (zero to five years of age). I used an all occurrence sampling method to score play behaviors and play signals with an ethogram. I hypothesized that play groups would use play signals in functionally appropriate ways based on the location of the play bout, the …

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Comparison Of Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Behavior On Tour And Non-Tour Days At Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest, Allison A. Farley Jan 2016

Comparison Of Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Behavior On Tour And Non-Tour Days At Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest, Allison A. Farley

All Master's Theses

In this study, I investigated the potential effect of a visitor program on captive chimpanzees’ (Pan troglodytes) behaviors at Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest (CSNW) in Cle Elum, Washington. I used focal animal sampling to score behaviors from an ethogram of affiliative, aggressive and abnormal chimpanzee behaviors, as well as foraging and vigilance. During each sample, I recorded the focal’s location within the enclosure and whether he or she was situated in locations that would be in view of visitors (present or not). I analyzed 720 minutes of data from each of the seven CSNW chimpanzees. I tested the hypothesis …

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Seasonal Microhabitat Use Of Young-Of-The-Year Bull Trout, Salvelinus Confluentus, In A Drought Year, Ashton Brook Bunce Jan 2016

Seasonal Microhabitat Use Of Young-Of-The-Year Bull Trout, Salvelinus Confluentus, In A Drought Year, Ashton Brook Bunce

All Master's Theses

This study examined the microhabitat use of young-of-the-year (YOY) bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus, throughout the summer and fall of 2015 in Gold Creek, a third order Cascade Mountain stream near Snoqualmie Pass, WA. It is crucial to understand YOY habitat requirements, as this life stage is highly vulnerable to fluctuations in streamflow and various ecological risks associated with their dispersal. Previous research has demonstrated that YOY salmonids often occupy stream margins where they are sheltered from these kinds of threats. However, in the face of climate change, Pacific Northwest streams are more susceptible to decreased summer streamflows and elevated, irregular …

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Reaction To Stimulus Figures In Chimpanzee Drawings, Alexandra Bobrinskoy Casti Jan 2016

Reaction To Stimulus Figures In Chimpanzee Drawings, Alexandra Bobrinskoy Casti

All Master's Theses

Seven captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) produced drawings at the University of Oklahoma between November 1971 and November 1972. Chimpanzees drew on sheets of paper that were either blank or had a stimulus. The stimulus was located in the center or offset from the center. These drawings were scanned and digitized. Analysis tested whether chimpanzee mark placement was contingent on the location of stimulus figures. Centroid locations significantly changed between stimulus type for all drawing categories and among participants for free choice and central figure drawings. Participants drew in the empty space opposite offset figure drawings. Findings support previous …

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Collective Movement In The Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana): Early Joiners Write The Rule Of The Game, Xi Wang, Lixing Sun, Jinhua Li, Dongpo Xia, Binghua Sun, Dao Zhang May 2015

Collective Movement In The Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana): Early Joiners Write The Rule Of The Game, Xi Wang, Lixing Sun, Jinhua Li, Dongpo Xia, Binghua Sun, Dao Zhang

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Collective behavior has recently attracted a great deal of interest in both natural and social sciences. While the role of leadership has been closely scrutinized, the rules used by joiners in collective decision making have received far less attention. Two main hypotheses have been proposed concerning these rules: mimetism and quorum. Mimetism predicts that individuals are increasingly likely to join collective behavior as the number of participants increases. It can be further divided into selective mimetism, where relationships among the participants affect the process, and anonymous mimetism, where no such effect exists. Quorum predicts that a collective behavior occurs when …

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Density Dependent Effects On Cutthroat And Brook Trout Behavioral Competition And Energy Expenditure, Ethan Daniel Green Jan 2015

Density Dependent Effects On Cutthroat And Brook Trout Behavioral Competition And Energy Expenditure, Ethan Daniel Green

All Master's Theses

Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) are being displaced rangewide by invasive Brook Trout (Salvelinusfontinalis). There are many potential causes of displacement but the underlying mechanisms of the invasion and displacement are not well understood. Increased population densities in streams in which Cutthroat Trout and Brook Trout occur in sympatry appears to have detrimental effects on Cutthroat Trout. In this study, I compared the competitive behaviors and activity allocation patterns of Brook Trout and Cutthroat Trout at varying population densities in a simulated stream aquarium. I concluded that Brook Trout likely have a behavioral advantage over Cutthroat Trout …

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Effects Of Partner Familiarity On Conversational Style In Signed-Interactions With Chimpanzees, Susan Ann Keenan Jan 2015

Effects Of Partner Familiarity On Conversational Style In Signed-Interactions With Chimpanzees, Susan Ann Keenan

All Master's Theses

Chimpanzees that use signs of American Sign Language (ASL) sign to friends and strangers, both human and nonhuman. Transcripts of signed conversations between four chimpanzees and 43 human interlocutors within a 4 min trial were analyzed for their style including lexical diversity. Twenty-two of the interlocutors were familiar to the chimpanzees, 21 were strangers, and all had basic or more know ledge of ASL. Overall, familiar signers used more vocabulary and had more conversations than unfamiliar signers. The two groups had 53 vocabulary signs in common. Only one chimpanzee, Loulis, participated in enough trials and in both conditions to elicit …

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Saffron Cod (Eleginus Gracilis) In North Pacific Archaeology, Megan A. Partlow, Eric Munk Jan 2015

Saffron Cod (Eleginus Gracilis) In North Pacific Archaeology, Megan A. Partlow, Eric Munk

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis) is a marine species often found in shallow, brackish water in the Bering Sea, although it can occur as far southeast as Sitka, Alaska. Recently, we identified saffron cod remains in two ca. 500-year-old Afognak Island midden assemblages from the Kodiak Archipelago. We developed regression formulae to relate bone measurements to total length using thirty-five modern saffron cod specimens. The archaeological saffron cod remains appear to be from mature adults, measuring 22–45 cm in total length, and likely caught from shore during spawning. Saffron cod may have been an important winter resource for Alutiiq people living …

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Female Social Connectivity Through The Leadership And Movement Progression Of Tibetan Macaques At Mt. Huangshan, China, Gregory P. Fratellone Jan 2015

Female Social Connectivity Through The Leadership And Movement Progression Of Tibetan Macaques At Mt. Huangshan, China, Gregory P. Fratellone

All Master's Theses

The present study investigates the leadership and progression of collective movements of Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) found in Mt. Huangshan, China. I gathered information on their movements and social networks through all-occurrence, focal and scan sampling. I hypothesize that high-ranking females lead more collective movements than males as they have highly structured social bonds. I also predict that movements weighted by female presence are more efficient as societies are matrilineally structured and females are more socially connected. There were a total of 128 successful collective movements recorded over a 2-month period. There was no significant effect of sex, …

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A Comparison Of Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Responses To Caregiver Use Of Positive Reinforcement Training (Prt) And Species-Specific Behaviors (Ssb), Whitney D. Emge Jan 2015

A Comparison Of Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Responses To Caregiver Use Of Positive Reinforcement Training (Prt) And Species-Specific Behaviors (Ssb), Whitney D. Emge

All Master's Theses

The present study compared the effects of positive reinforcement training (PRT) and unstructured interactions (UI) on chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) behavior. In the PRT condition, a caregiver interacted with a chimpanzee to condition behaviors for 10 min. In the UI condition, a caregiver interacted without PRT for 10 min. Participants were five chimpanzees in a sanctuary setting. Chimpanzees were also videotaped for 10 min after trials (PTP) and for 10 min in a matched control (MC) period on a different day. From these videotapes experimenters coded chimpanzee behaviors and calculated durations in behavioral contexts. Chimpanzees spent a significantly higher …

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Behavioral Response Of Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus Tridentatus) To Predator Odors, Laurie L. Porter Jan 2015

Behavioral Response Of Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus Tridentatus) To Predator Odors, Laurie L. Porter

All Master's Theses

Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus), a species facing serious threats to their existence, experience a number of challenges in reaching their desired spawning grounds during the adult migratory phase, and predators are suspected to be one of these challenges. Understanding if Pacific lamprey respond to predator odorants may provide a management tool for use in conjunction with attractants in guiding lamprey to suitable spawning habitat and deterring them from poor habitat. Previous research has failed to explore Pacific lamprey response to predator odorants, although much research exists on attractant odorants. In our study, we tested Pacific lamprey response to …

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Passage Route Survival And Behavior Of Juvenile Salmon At Priest Rapids Dam, Columbia River, Wa, Kyle B. Hatch Jan 2015

Passage Route Survival And Behavior Of Juvenile Salmon At Priest Rapids Dam, Columbia River, Wa, Kyle B. Hatch

All Master's Theses

Columbia River hydropower is an economic mainstay of the Pacific Northwest. However, it is well known that the construction of hydropower dams has added anthropogenic pressure to Columbia River salmon populations. Juvenile salmon that pass through powerhouse turbines at large hydropower dams display higher mortality rates than salmon passing through alternative routes; thus at Priest Rapids Dam, a top-spill fish bypass was constructed as a safer alternate downstream passage. To investigate the efficacy of this new passage structure, an acoustic telemetry study was conducted in the spring of 2014 to determine the ability of the bypass to collect and safely …

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Javan Gibbon (Hylobates Moloch) Non-Vocal Social Communication And Gesture Use With Conspecifics, Melanie Bell Jan 2015

Javan Gibbon (Hylobates Moloch) Non-Vocal Social Communication And Gesture Use With Conspecifics, Melanie Bell

All Master's Theses

I explored gestures used by captive Javan gibbons (Hylobates moloch) at the Gibbon Conservation Center (Santa Clarita, CA). I hypothesized that a sender gibbon’s gesture modality would vary with the recipient gibbon’s attentional state and the sender would be equally likely to use all modalities (tactile, visual, actions, and facial expressions) when the recipient was attending (facing the sender), but would use more tactile gestures and actions when the recipient was non-attending (oriented away from the sender). I collected data from 10 individuals using all-occurrences sampling and an ethogram to score behaviors from video recordings. In 1,143 interactions, …

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Quantifying Channel Responses To The Removal Of The Glines Canyon Dam In The Middle Reach Of The Elwha River, Washington, Bryon J. Free Jan 2015

Quantifying Channel Responses To The Removal Of The Glines Canyon Dam In The Middle Reach Of The Elwha River, Washington, Bryon J. Free

All Master's Theses

Four different study sites throughout the middle reach of the Elwha River were monitored before, during, and after the dam removal process over a period of two years from 2012-2014. The complexity of the river geometry was a major factor in the ability of the river to trap and accumulate the new influx of woody debris and sediment from the dam removal, which influenced the response of the river channel. The change that occurred was quantified by using repeat Terrestrial LiDAR (TLS), sediment distribution surveys, and large woody debris mapping techniques. The morphologic changes that occurred during this time were …

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Provisioning And Its Effects On The Social Interactions Of Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana) At Mt. Huangshan, China, Brianna I. Schnepel Jan 2015

Provisioning And Its Effects On The Social Interactions Of Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana) At Mt. Huangshan, China, Brianna I. Schnepel

All Master's Theses

The dispersal patterns of food resources has a significant effect on the composition of primate groups and social interactions within those groups. Humans often alter the dispersal of food. Non-humans often use affiliative behaviors to elicit tolerance or support from other group members. I investigated whether provisioned food resources alter the social interactions and group dynamics of Macaca thibetana. All-occurrence sampling and scan sampling were used for data recorded by camera traps. Trail-cameras were placed at six locations that contain natural and human food resources and recorded 60-second videos. Social behavior and proximity of the monkeys were recorded. I …

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Park Rangers' Behaviors And Their Effects On Tourists And Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana) At Mt. Huangshan, China, Rie Usui, Lori K. Sheeran, Jin-Hua Li, Lixing Sun, Xi Wang, Alexander J. Pritchard, Alexander S. Duvall-Lash, R. Steven Wagner Sep 2014

Park Rangers' Behaviors And Their Effects On Tourists And Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana) At Mt. Huangshan, China, Rie Usui, Lori K. Sheeran, Jin-Hua Li, Lixing Sun, Xi Wang, Alexander J. Pritchard, Alexander S. Duvall-Lash, R. Steven Wagner

Biology Faculty Scholarship

Previous studies have reported the negative impacts of tourism on nonhuman primates (NHPs) and tourists and advocated the improvement of tourism management, yet what constitutes good quality management remains unclear. We explored whether rates of macaque aggression and self-directed behaviors (SDBs) differed under the supervision of two park ranger teams at the Valley of the Wild Monkeys (VWM) in Mt. Huangshan, Anhui Province, China. The two ranger teams provisioned and managed a group of macaques on an alternating monthly basis. Monkey, tourist and ranger behaviors were collected from August 16–September 30, 2012. Macaque aggression and SDB rates did not differ …

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Behaviors That Predict Personality Components In Adult Free-Ranging Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana), Alexander J. Pritchard, Lori K. Sheeran, Kara I. Gabriel, Jin-Hua Li, Ronald S. Wagner Jun 2014

Behaviors That Predict Personality Components In Adult Free-Ranging Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana), Alexander J. Pritchard, Lori K. Sheeran, Kara I. Gabriel, Jin-Hua Li, Ronald S. Wagner

Anthropology and Museum Studies Faculty Scholarship

To further the potential for applied personality studies, we present a methodology for assessing personality in nonhuman animals without a priori assumptions, using behavioral measures to discriminate personality survey results. Our study group consisted of 12 free-ranging, provisioned, adult Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at the Valley of the Wild Monkeys, China. We asked familiar Chinese park guards and scientists to rate each of the 12 macaques using 27-item personality surveys. We also recorded behavioral observations (> 100 hrs) from August–September, 2012. The personality surveys showed reliability in 22 of the items that were then utilized in a principal component analysis …

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Gesture Sequence In Captive Orangutans (Pongo Pygmaeus), Amanda Leone Carner Jan 2014

Gesture Sequence In Captive Orangutans (Pongo Pygmaeus), Amanda Leone Carner

All Master's Theses

The most flexible form of communication may be gestures used by large body apes. The current study focused on gesture sequence in five captive orangutans at Woodland Park Zoo. We observed 305 gestures with 185 gestures (60.65%) occurring in 61 sequences in 2,482 minutes of data. Overall, orangutans used 272 tactile gestures (89 .18% ), 29 visual gestures (9 .50%) and 4 facial expressions ( 1.31 % ). In sequence, orangutans used 176 tactile gestures (95.14%), 7 visual gestures (3.78%), and 2 facial expressions (1.08%). Overall, a two-way repeated measure ANOV A showed significantly more tactile (x=26.9) than visual (x=2.9) …

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Population Structure And Growth Rates Of Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes In The Methow Valley, Washington, Raymund Joseph Geroso Jan 2014

Population Structure And Growth Rates Of Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes In The Methow Valley, Washington, Raymund Joseph Geroso

All Master's Theses

Population structure among a wide-ranging ectothermic species is a fundamental aspect of ecology. I assessed the size structure and growth rate of two different populations of Northern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus) in the Methow Valley, Washington during the summer of 2009 to determine the vigor of populations exposed to extreme winter conditions. Populations in the Methow Valley were comparable to other populations exposed to shorter active seasons. One population was in stable condition, and the other may have the potential to grow. Though the number of rattlesnakes was much smaller in the WC den compared to the GR …

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The Effect Of Chilling On Diapause And Development Of Washington State Apple Maggot Rhagoletis Pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), Nathan J. Lehrman Jan 2014

The Effect Of Chilling On Diapause And Development Of Washington State Apple Maggot Rhagoletis Pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), Nathan J. Lehrman

All Master's Theses

The influence of holding temperatures and chilling periods on diapausing R. pomonella (apple maggot) pupae were the focus of the study. Apples were collected from Pierce and Lewis County in Washington State. After collecting R. pomonella from the fruit, the pupae were chilled at 3°C for 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30 weeks, then allowed to emerge at either 20°C or 26°C. The insects were then monitored for survivorship and eclosion. Rhagoletis pomonella would emerge fastest when held at 26°C and developed on average in fewer degree days (284±252 degree days). However, more adults emerged after …

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Dna From Chewed Vegetation: A Noninvasive Collection Strategy For Golden-Handed Tamarins (Saguinus Midas), Jennifer E. Humphreys Jan 2014

Dna From Chewed Vegetation: A Noninvasive Collection Strategy For Golden-Handed Tamarins (Saguinus Midas), Jennifer E. Humphreys

All Master's Theses

Noninvasive genetic sampling was first used in wild animals more than two decades ago, although since that time there have been advancements in both sampling strategies and amplification technology [Hoss et al., 1992; Taberlet and Bouvet, 1992]. Feces, hair, and urine are examples of biomaterials that are collected noninvasively [Beja-Pereira et al., 2009]. These materials provide clear advantages over the more invasive DNA sampling techniques such as blood collection; researchers can study nonhuman subjects without contacting, disturbing, or even seeing them. This advantage becomes greater in habitats disturbed by human activities such as agriculture or mining. The Republic of Suriname, …

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Genetic Diversity Of North American Captive-Born Gorillas (Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla), Noah D. Simmons, Ronald S. Wagner, Joseph G. Lorenz Jan 2013

Genetic Diversity Of North American Captive-Born Gorillas (Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla), Noah D. Simmons, Ronald S. Wagner, Joseph G. Lorenz

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) are designated as critically endangered and wild populations are dramatically declining as a result of habitat destruction, fragmentation, diseases (e.g., Ebola) and the illegal bushmeat trade. As wild populations continue to decline, the genetic management of the North American captive western lowland gorilla population will be an important component of the long‐term conservation of the species. We genotyped 26 individuals from the North American captive gorilla collection at 11 autosomal microsatellite loci in order to compare levels of genetic diversity to wild populations, investigate genetic signatures of a population bottleneck and identify …

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Genetic Analysis Of Putative Familial Relationships In A Captive Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Population, Renato Robledo, Joseph G. Lorenz, Jeanne Beck, James Else, Patrick Bender Jan 2013

Genetic Analysis Of Putative Familial Relationships In A Captive Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Population, Renato Robledo, Joseph G. Lorenz, Jeanne Beck, James Else, Patrick Bender

Anthropology and Museum Studies Faculty Scholarship

Twelve autosomal dinucleotide repeat loci were analyzed in chimpanzees genomes by DNA amplification using primers designed for analysis of human loci. The markers span the entire length of human chromosomes 21 and 22. Nine markers were polymorphic in chimpanzee as well, with a somewhat comparable level of polymorphism and allele size range. Even in the presence of very limited information and in spite of missing samples, it was possible to reconstruct a complex pedigree and to provide molecular data that corroborate family relationships that were deduced from cage history and behavioral data. The conclusions were further supported by mitochondrial DNA …

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Evaluating The Utility Of Beaver Reintroduction Programs For Enhancing Habitat For Rainbow Trout And Steelhead, Jonathan Rodger Hegna Jan 2013

Evaluating The Utility Of Beaver Reintroduction Programs For Enhancing Habitat For Rainbow Trout And Steelhead, Jonathan Rodger Hegna

All Master's Theses

Beaver reintroduction programs are increasingly being viewed as a way to enhance salmonid habitat and production. However, the actual effectiveness of using beavers as a habitat enhancement tool for ESA listed steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss populations is unknown. We examined the type of habitat, at both the microhabitat and mesohabitat levels, preferred by steelhead in three small streams in the upper Yakima Basin, WA through standard snorkel surveys and habitat measurements. Our results suggest that steelhead in small streams strongly prefer (relative to availability) microhabitats that have deeper water(> 30 cm), slow stream velocities(< 0 .05 mis), and complex cover types. Habitat partitioning among the size-classes (small< 50 mm, medium 50-90 mm, large> 90 mm total length, TL) principally operated …

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The Elwha River Restoration: Landscape Change, Salmon, And Sense Of Place, Kelseyanne Johnson Jan 2013

The Elwha River Restoration: Landscape Change, Salmon, And Sense Of Place, Kelseyanne Johnson

All Master's Theses

Removal of the Elwha River dams to restore the ecosystem and salmon fisheries is the largest project of its kind in the history of the United States. Spanning decades and affecting generations, this project has changed and will continue to change the landscape. This research examined the influence of the anticipated return of salmon on 18 key stakeholders' sense of place of the Elwha River. For almost all stakeholders, changes to the Elwha landscape are welcomed as they expect that salmon will restore the ecosystem to its natural state. Narrative data revealed dominant themes in participants' sense of place expressed …

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Genetic Comparison Of Water Molds From Embryos Of Amphibians Rana Cascadae, Bufo Boreas And Pseudacris Regilla, Kori K. Ault, James E. Johnson, Holly C. Pinkart, R. Steven Wagner Jun 2012

Genetic Comparison Of Water Molds From Embryos Of Amphibians Rana Cascadae, Bufo Boreas And Pseudacris Regilla, Kori K. Ault, James E. Johnson, Holly C. Pinkart, R. Steven Wagner

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Water molds that cause the disease saprolegniasis have been implicated in widespread mortality of amphibian embryos. However, because of the limitations of traditional identification methods, water mold species involved in die-offs or utilized in ecological studies often remain unidentified or identified only as Saprolegnia ferax. Furthermore, water mold taxonomy requires revision, so very distinct organisms may all be called S. ferax. Recent DNA-based studies indicate that the diversity of water molds infecting amphibian embryos is significantly higher than what was previously known, but these studies rely on culture methods, which may be biased towards taxa that grow best …

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Terrestrial Habitat Requirements Of Nesting Freshwater Turtles, D. A. Steen, J. P. Gibbs, K. A. Buhlman, J. L. Carr, B. W. Compton, J. D. Congdon, J. S. Doody, J. C. Godwin, Kerry L. Holcomb, D. R. Jackson, F. J. Janzen, G. Johnson, M. T. Jones, J. T. Lamer, T. A. Langen, M. V. Plummer, J. W. Rowe, R. A. Saumure, J. K. Tucker, D. S. Wilson May 2012

Terrestrial Habitat Requirements Of Nesting Freshwater Turtles, D. A. Steen, J. P. Gibbs, K. A. Buhlman, J. L. Carr, B. W. Compton, J. D. Congdon, J. S. Doody, J. C. Godwin, Kerry L. Holcomb, D. R. Jackson, F. J. Janzen, G. Johnson, M. T. Jones, J. T. Lamer, T. A. Langen, M. V. Plummer, J. W. Rowe, R. A. Saumure, J. K. Tucker, D. S. Wilson

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Because particular life history traits affect species vulnerability to development pressures, cross-species summaries of life history traits are useful for generating management guidelines. Conservation of aquatic turtles, many members of which are regionally or globally imperiled, requires knowing the extent of upland habitat used for nesting. Therefore, we compiled distances that nests and gravid females had been observed from wetlands. Based on records of > 8000 nests and gravid female records compiled for 31 species in the United States and Canada, the distances that encompass 95% of nests vary dramatically among genera and populations, from just 8 m for Malaclemys to …

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Infant And Juvenile Play Patterns In Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana), Courtney Batts Jan 2012

Infant And Juvenile Play Patterns In Tibetan Macaques (Macaca Thibetana), Courtney Batts

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Primate play is an important feature of physical and cognitive development. Previous research suggests differences among age and sex classes for type and amount of play, and that play partner preference is for individuals of the same age and sex class. We investigated play among Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana) infants and juveniles. Infants played more often and engaged in more solitary play behaviors, juvenile females played the least and engaged in more object play, and juvenile males engaged in the most social play. Total play time differed significantly among infants, juvenile males, and juvenile females. Cluster analysis showed that overall …

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