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Articles 601 - 618 of 618
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Prediction Of Genetic Values For Feed Intake From Individual Body Weight Gain And Total Feed Intake Of The Pen, A. J. Cooper, Calvin Ferrell, Larry V. Cundiff, L. D. Van Vleck
Prediction Of Genetic Values For Feed Intake From Individual Body Weight Gain And Total Feed Intake Of The Pen, A. J. Cooper, Calvin Ferrell, Larry V. Cundiff, L. D. Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Records of individual feed intake (FI) and BW gain (GN) were obtained from the Germ Plasm Evaluation (GPE) program at US Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC). Animals were randomly assigned to pens. Only pens with 6 to 9 steers (n = 289) were used for this study (data set 1). Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using data set 1. Estimated genetic values (EGV) for FI were calculated by 5 methods using single and 2-trait analyses: 1) individual FI and individual GN, 2) individual FI alone, 3) 2-trait with individual GN but with FI missing, 4) individual GN and …
High-Throughput Sequencing Of The Dba/2j Mouse Genome, Xusheng Wang, Richa Agarwala, John A. Capra, Zugen Chen, Deanna M. Church, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Zhengsheng Li, Lu Lu, Khyobeni Mozhui, Megan K. Mulligan, Stanley F. Nelson, Katherine S. Pollard, Williams L. Taylor, Donald B. Thomason, Robert W. Williams
High-Throughput Sequencing Of The Dba/2j Mouse Genome, Xusheng Wang, Richa Agarwala, John A. Capra, Zugen Chen, Deanna M. Church, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Zhengsheng Li, Lu Lu, Khyobeni Mozhui, Megan K. Mulligan, Stanley F. Nelson, Katherine S. Pollard, Williams L. Taylor, Donald B. Thomason, Robert W. Williams
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The DBA/2J mouse is not only the oldest inbred strain, but also one of the most widely used strains. DBA/2J exhibits many unique anatomical, physiological, and behavior traits. In addition, DBA/2J is one parent of the large BXD family of recombinant inbred strains [1]. The genome of the other parent of this BXD family— C57BL/6J—has been sequenced and serves as the mouse reference genome [2]. We sequenced the genome of DBA/2J using SOLiD and Illumina high throughput short read protocols to generate a comprehensive set of ~5 million sequence variants segregating in the BXD family that ultimately cause developmental, anatomical, …
Effect Of Dietary Crude Protein Source On Hormone And Follicle Characteristics In Beef Heifers, J. L. Martin, D. M. Larson, H. L. Stroh, Andrea S. Cupp, Richard N. Funston
Effect Of Dietary Crude Protein Source On Hormone And Follicle Characteristics In Beef Heifers, J. L. Martin, D. M. Larson, H. L. Stroh, Andrea S. Cupp, Richard N. Funston
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Ground, raw soybeans (SB), or dried distillers grain plus solubles (DDGS) were utilized in heifer development diets to determine the effect of dietary fat and protein source on hormone and follicle characteristics and ADG. The experiment was conducted over 2 yr with 100 June-born heifers (199 ± 2 kg initial BW, n = 50 per yr). The experimental periods were 157 and 207 d in yr 1 and 2, respectively. Heifers were provided a dietary supplement (DM basis) of 1.23 kg of SB and 0.40 kg of corn or 1.65 kg of DDGS between weaning and breeding. Estrus was synchronized …
Growth, Body Chemical Composition, And Tissue Deposition Rates Of Nursery Pigs Fed Crystalline Or Protein- Bound Lysine, J. J. Colina, P. S. Miller, A. J. Lewis, R. L. Fischer, R. M. Diedrichsen
Growth, Body Chemical Composition, And Tissue Deposition Rates Of Nursery Pigs Fed Crystalline Or Protein- Bound Lysine, J. J. Colina, P. S. Miller, A. J. Lewis, R. L. Fischer, R. M. Diedrichsen
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A 4-wk experiment was conducted to compare the effect of feeding crystalline lysine relative to the lysine from soybean meal (SBM) on growth performance, body chemical composition, and tissue deposition rates in nursery pigs. Thirty-six pigs were used [18 barrows and 18 gilts, 15 d old; initial BW (mean ± SEM) = 6.11 ± 0.11 kg]. Six pigs (3 barrows and 3 gilts) were killed at the beginning of the experiment and the remaining pigs were killed at the end of the experiment to determine body chemical composition and deposition rates of protein, fat, water, ash, and amino acids. Pigs …
Effects Of Co-Products And Breed Of Sire On The Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Rates Of Ultrasound Backfat And Marbling Deposition In Feedlot Cattle, C. O. Trejo, D. B. Faulkner, A. Shreck, J. W. Homm, T. G. Nash, S. L. Rodriguez-Zas, L. L. Berger
Effects Of Co-Products And Breed Of Sire On The Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Rates Of Ultrasound Backfat And Marbling Deposition In Feedlot Cattle, C. O. Trejo, D. B. Faulkner, A. Shreck, J. W. Homm, T. G. Nash, S. L. Rodriguez-Zas, L. L. Berger
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Recently, high prices have driven producers to replace corn partially or totally with more affordable ingredients. A total of 1,256 DNA-validated progeny from Angus (n = 241), Simmental (n = 599), Simmental × Angus (SA; n = 296), and 75% Simmental (75S; n = 120) sires were used to evaluate the effects of feedlot nutrition and sire breed on the performance, carcass characteristics, and rates of ultrasound backfat and marbling deposition in feedlot cattle. Diets included corn or a corn co-product: dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), fresh wet distillers grains, wet corn gluten feed, stored wet distillers grains, or …
Feed Intake Of Sheep As Affected By Body Weight, Breed, Sex, And Feed Composition, R. M. Lewis, G. C. Emmans
Feed Intake Of Sheep As Affected By Body Weight, Breed, Sex, And Feed Composition, R. M. Lewis, G. C. Emmans
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The hypotheses tested were that genetic size-scaling for mature BW (A, kg) would reduce variation in intake between kinds of sheep and that quadratic polynomials on u = BW/A with zero intercept would provide good descriptions of the relationship between scaled intake (SI, g/A0.73 d) and degree of maturity in BW (u) across feeds of differing quality. Both sexes of Suffolk sheep from 2 experimental lines (n = 225) and from 3 breed types (Suffolk, Scottish Blackface, and their cross; n = 149) were recorded weekly for ad libitum feed intake and BW; recording of intake was from weaning through, …
Detection, Validation, And Downstream Analysis Of Allelic Variation In Gene Expression, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Lu Engle, Khyobeni Mozhui, Xusheng Wang, Manjunatha Jagalur, John A. Morris, William L. Taylor, Klaus Dietz, Perikles Simon, Robert W. Williams
Detection, Validation, And Downstream Analysis Of Allelic Variation In Gene Expression, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Lu Engle, Khyobeni Mozhui, Xusheng Wang, Manjunatha Jagalur, John A. Morris, William L. Taylor, Klaus Dietz, Perikles Simon, Robert W. Williams
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Common sequence variants within a gene often generate important differences in expression of corresponding mRNAs. This high level of local (allelic) control—or cis modulation—rivals that produced by gene targeting, but expression is titrated finely over a range of levels. We are interested in exploiting this allelic variation to study gene function and downstream consequences of differences in expression dosage. We have used several bioinformatics and molecular approaches to estimate error rates in the discovery of cis modulation and to analyze some of the biological and technical confounds that contribute to the variation in gene expression profiling. Our analysis of SNPs …
Tympanic Temperature In Confined Beef Cattle Exposed To Excessive Heat Load, Terry L. Mader, John B. Gaughan, Leslie J. Johnson, G. Leroy Hahn
Tympanic Temperature In Confined Beef Cattle Exposed To Excessive Heat Load, Terry L. Mader, John B. Gaughan, Leslie J. Johnson, G. Leroy Hahn
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Angus crossbred yearling steers (n=168) were used to evaluate effects on performance and tympanic temperature (TT) of feeding additional potassium and sodium to steers exposed to excessive heat load (maximum daily ambient temperature exceeded 32°C for three consecutive days) during seasonal summer conditions. Steers were assigned one of four treatments: (1) control; (2) potassium supplemented (diet containing 2.10% KHCO3); (3) sodium supplemented (diet containing 1.10% NaCl); or (4) potassium and sodium supplemented (diet containing 2.10% KHCO3 and 1.10% NaCl). Overall, additional KHCO3 at the 2% level or NaCl at the 1% level did not improve performance or heat stress tolerance …
Male Remating Success And The Frequency Of Copulatory Plugs In The Green Lynx Spider Peucetia Viridans (Araneae, Oxyopidae), Martina G. Ramirez, Angelik C. Achekian, Catherine R. Coverley, Rachel M. Pierce, Sarah S. Eiman, Melissa M. Wetkowski
Male Remating Success And The Frequency Of Copulatory Plugs In The Green Lynx Spider Peucetia Viridans (Araneae, Oxyopidae), Martina G. Ramirez, Angelik C. Achekian, Catherine R. Coverley, Rachel M. Pierce, Sarah S. Eiman, Melissa M. Wetkowski
Biology Faculty Works
Peucetia viridans males were allowed to mate with three virgin females and most matings resulted in live spiderlings, even when males lacked palpal paracymbial processes. Among females, the presence of copulatory plugs was inconsistent, and when present, their condition was not uniform; broken-off male paracymbia were often found in epigynal orifices. There was no size effect in a male’s ability to completely plug a female’s genital orifices, as well as no significant change in the pattern of plug production over consecutive mating trials. Among mated, field-collected females, the presence of plugs and paracymbia was variable, with females from some sites …
Lobster Attack Induces Sensitization In The Sea Hare, Aplysia Californica, Amanda J. Watkins, Daniel A. Goldstein, Lucy C. Lee, Christina J. Pepino, Scott L. Tillett, Francis E. Ross, Elizabeth M. Wilder, Virginia A. Zachary, William G. Wright
Lobster Attack Induces Sensitization In The Sea Hare, Aplysia Californica, Amanda J. Watkins, Daniel A. Goldstein, Lucy C. Lee, Christina J. Pepino, Scott L. Tillett, Francis E. Ross, Elizabeth M. Wilder, Virginia A. Zachary, William G. Wright
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Studies of the neural mechanisms of learning, especially of sensitization, have benefitted from extensive research on the model species, Aplysia californica (hereafter Aplysia). Considering this volume of literature on mechanisms, it is surprising that our understanding of the ecological context of sensitization in Aplysia is completely lacking. Indeed, the widespread use of strong electric shock to induce sensitization (an enhancement of withdrawal reflexes following noxious stimulation) is completely unnatural and leaves unanswered the question of whether this simple form of learning has any ecological relevance. We hypothesized that sublethal attack by a co-occurring predator, the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus, might …
Effects Of Uv Light On Local Stream Frog Behavior, John Buie, Eiichiro Uemura, Candy Hwang, D. Lee, Craig Sutter, Evan Mattiasen, Thomas Vandergon, Rodney Honeycutt, Lee Kats
Effects Of Uv Light On Local Stream Frog Behavior, John Buie, Eiichiro Uemura, Candy Hwang, D. Lee, Craig Sutter, Evan Mattiasen, Thomas Vandergon, Rodney Honeycutt, Lee Kats
Featured Research
Amphibian declines have been well documented throughout the world. Several studies have examined whether UV radiation from the sun is a possible contributing cause to declining populations. In Southern California, two closely related species of treefrogs, Pseudacris hypochondriaca and Pseudacris cadaverina, coexist in many perennial streams. P. hypochondriaca is primarily nocturnal while P. cadaverina is known to bask in direct sunlight. The purpose of the study is to determine how the two different species of frogs will react under different types of light emitted by a portable flashlight. The light was emitting either UV radiation or visible light, or …
Quantitative Pcr Assay For Mycobacterium Pseudoshottsii And Mycobacterium Shottsii And Application To Environmental Samples And Fishes From The Chesapeake Bay, D. T. Gauthier, K. S. Reece, J. Xiao, M. W. Rhodes, H. I. Kator, R. J. Latour, C. F. Bonzek, J. M. Hoenig, W. K. Vogelbein
Quantitative Pcr Assay For Mycobacterium Pseudoshottsii And Mycobacterium Shottsii And Application To Environmental Samples And Fishes From The Chesapeake Bay, D. T. Gauthier, K. S. Reece, J. Xiao, M. W. Rhodes, H. I. Kator, R. J. Latour, C. F. Bonzek, J. M. Hoenig, W. K. Vogelbein
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in the Chesapeake Bay are currently experiencing a very high prevalence of mycobacteriosis associated with newly described Mycobacterium species, Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii and M. shottsii. The ecology of these mycobacteria outside the striped bass host is currently unknown. In this work, we developed quantitative real-time PCR assays for M. pseudoshottsii and M. shottsii and applied these assays to DNA extracts from Chesapeake Bay water and sediment samples, as well as to tissues from two dominant prey of striped bass, Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) and bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli). Mycobacterium …
Wpa News 86 (2010/2011), World Pheasant Association
Wpa News 86 (2010/2011), World Pheasant Association
Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters
WPA News (Winter 2010/2011), number 86
Published by the World Pheasant Association
Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association, 2009/2010, World Pheasant Association
Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association, 2009/2010, World Pheasant Association
Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials
Chairman of Trustees' report.Tim Lovel
Treasurer's report for the year ended April 30, 2010, Ian Hoggarth
WPA around the world highlights from the chapters
Overview of the year's conservation activities, Philip J. K. McGowan
Making the Most of Resources
The IUCN-SSC/WPA Galliformes Specialist Group: A global network of technical excellence,Peter J. Garson and Ilse Storch
Highlights from the European Conservation Breeding Group, Heiner Jacken
Rejuvenating the United Kingdom Gaillformes census
Keeping count of Europe's Galliformes,Siro Serena
Developing conservation science leaders, Huw Lloyd
Planning to save our most threatened species, Philip J. K. McGowan
Just how important are Galliformes to humans? …
Analysis Of Tie Downs On Gillnet Cpue, Selectivity And Bycatch Composition, George Earl Trice Iv
Analysis Of Tie Downs On Gillnet Cpue, Selectivity And Bycatch Composition, George Earl Trice Iv
Reports
The striped bass fishery is of great economic importance to Virginia’s commercial finfishermen and anchored gill nets are the predominant gear used I both coastal and estuarine waters. Unfortunately, these nets have the highest rate of Atlantic Sturgeon bycatch (85%) compared to other Virginia gear types (NMFS) and the second largest bycatch recorded by NMFS Northeast Observer Network coastally. High Atlantic Sturgeon interaction rates could result in seriously restrictive regulations being imposed on the fishery or even complete closure, one Atlantic Sturgeon are listed under the Endangered Species Act as has been proposed. Such regulations have been made in order …
Using Traps For Catfish In Virginia Tidal Rivers, James Bristow
Using Traps For Catfish In Virginia Tidal Rivers, James Bristow
Reports
The project tested a different way to commercially fish for catfish in the tidal rivers, while allowing by-catch and smaller catfish to escape. Ten traps were constructed of coated wire mesh and steel rod, equipped with an entry funnel, and fished alongside three strings of trot-lines in the same area and times. The test period covered September and October 2010 over a period of warm weather when salinity changed dramatically from 10 ppt to zero and water temperatures eased downward from 68 degrees to 60 degrees.
The trap design and all boat modifications operated as designed with only a few …
Developing New Value Added Products From Cow Nose Ray, L.D. Amory & Co. Inc
Developing New Value Added Products From Cow Nose Ray, L.D. Amory & Co. Inc
Reports
We are happy to report that we have met and exceeded the objectives of our project. Improved processing techniques have resulted in significantly reduced labor costs and increased yield of both fillets and byproducts, resulting in a 50% reduction in the fillet cost and viable cartilage and skin products for the commercial market. Several value-added products are under development with a battered and breaded strip product in production and on the menu at several restaurants throughout Virginia. We continue to develop other value added products and are working to create a market for ray and promote acceptance of ray products …
Estimation Of Juvenile Striped Bass Relative Abundance In The Virginia Portion Of Chesapeake Bay, January 2009-December 2009 : Annual Progress Report, Leonard S. Machut, Mary C. Fabrizio
Estimation Of Juvenile Striped Bass Relative Abundance In The Virginia Portion Of Chesapeake Bay, January 2009-December 2009 : Annual Progress Report, Leonard S. Machut, Mary C. Fabrizio
Reports
The 2009 striped bass juvenile abundance index is 8.42 and is not significantly different from the historic average of 7.54. Additional methods of calculating the regional index support this conclusion. Catches in the York River were nearly identical to its historic average. Although the James River catches were higher and the Rappahannock River catches were lower than historic averages, they were not significantly so. Striped bass catches at auxiliary stations provide greater spatial coverage of the nursery grounds and suggest that juvenile striped bass were broadly distributed throughout the sampling area in 2009.