Animal Sciences Commons^™

Plant And Breeding Bird Communities Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Colonies And Non-Colonized Areas In Southwest Kansas And Southeast Colorado, Stephen L. Winter

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This research was initiated to determine if plant and bird communities on black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus Ord) colonies in southwest Kansas and southeast Colorado differed from those found on associated non-colonized areas. Vegetation height and density, and the cover and frequency of numerous plant species differed between prairie dog colonies and non-colonized areas that were co-dominated by mid-height grasses and shortgrasses. A comparison of prairie dog colonies with non-colonized areas that were dominated solely by shortgrasses did not reveal a difference in vegetation height and density. The number of species that differed in cover or frequency between prairie dog …

Improving Feed Grains, Bruce P. Mullan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Clearly, to encourage grain growers to focus their production systems towards feed grains, it is important to first identify the reasons for variation in the nutritional value of grains and then to develop rapid, cheap, and accurate methods of measuring these factors. The analytical methods should ideally be suitable for application either at the site of grain delivery from the farm or within the place of stockfeed manufacture. This will mean the nutritional value of the grain can be known before it is used. The rational marketing of feed grains could then be achieved, with the benefits from more efficient …

Genetic Relationships Among Subspecies Of Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp. Based On Allozyme Variation, R. S. Pasquet

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a morphologically and genetically variable species composed of wild perennial, wild annual, and cultivated forms that are mainly used for edible seeds and pods. In this study, genetic variation in 199 germplasm accessions of wild and cultivated cowpea was evaluated using an allozyme analysis. The results from this survey showed that wild cowpea exhibits genetic variation perfectly fitted with the existing morphological classification. The cowpea gene-pool is characterized by its unusually large size. It encompasses taxa (ranked as subspecies) that could be considered as different species considering the high genetic distances observed between …

Bulletin No. 36: Amphibians And Reptiles Of The Connecticut College Arboretum, Jill Devito, Joseph Markow

Bulletins

No abstract provided.

Potential Of The Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin For Control Of The Legume Flower Thrips, Megalurothrips Sjostedti (Trybom) On Cowpea In Kenya, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, K. Ampong-Nyarko, I. Onu

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Field experiments were conducted at Mbita, western Kenya for two seasons to evaluate the potential of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsh.) Sorokin, for biological control of the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom), on cowpea. An ultra-low-volume (ULV) oil/aqueous formulation and a high-volume (HV) aqueous formulation of conidia were applied three times each at two concentrations of 1 x 1011 and 1 x 1013 conidia ha-1. Compared with the untreated controls, both formulations significantly reduced thrips populations and plant damage in both seasons. Adult insects collected from fungal-treated plots and reared in the laboratory showed a high mortality due …

Bird Use Of Riparian Vegetation Along The Truckee River, Califonia And Nevada, Suellen Lynn, Michael L. Morrison, Amy J. Kuenzi, Jennifer C. C. Neale, Benjamin N. Sacks, Robin Hamlin, Linnea S. Hall

Great Basin Naturalist

The Truckee River in California and Nevada is subject to diverse water regimes and a corresponding variety of flow rates. Original riparian vegetation has been altered by these variable flow rates and by a variety of human uses resulting in loss of native riparian vegetation from its historic extent. We conducted bird surveys along the Truckee River during spring 1993 to (1) determine relationships between birds and the present vegetation; (2) determine the importance of different vegetation types to sensitive bird species that have declined recently in the western United States due to competition from exotic plant species, cowbird ( …

The Mortenson Ranch: Cattle And Trees At Home On The Range. A Restoration Guidebook, Susan E. Boettcher, W. Carter Johnson, Scott Kronberg, F. Robert Gartner, Clarence Todd, Jeff Mortenson, Scott Fausti

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Early agriculture on western rangeland met with little success and resulted in serious consequences including soil erosion, loss of native woodlands and wildlife, and economic ruin. The Mortenson family in Stanley County, South Dakota, has been engaged in restoring degraded rangeland on their ranch for more than 50 years. Their primary goal has been to return the land to its condition prior to white settlement while maintaining a profitable cattle ranching operation. In recent years the ranch has served as a model of successful ranching based on a conservation ethic. This guidebook summarizes the restoration techniques and grazing regime used …

Gap Analysis Of The Vegetation Of The Intermountain Semi-Desert Ecoregion, David M. Stoms, Frank W. Davis, Kenneth L. Driese, Kelly M. Cassidy, Michael P. Murray

Great Basin Naturalist

A conservation gap analysis was conducted for the Intermountain Semi-Desert ecoregion to assess the representation of land-cover types within areas managed primarily for biodiversity objectives. Mapped distributions of plant communities were summarized by land-management status categories. The total amount of land permanently protected in the ecoregion is

Winter Macroinvertebrate Communities In Two Montane Wyoming Streams, Christopher M. Pennuto, Frank Denoyelles Jr., Mark A. Conrad, Frank A. Vertucci, Sharon L. Dewey

Great Basin Naturalist

Macroinvertebrate communities were examined on 4 winter dates over a 4-yr period in 2 high-altitude Rocky Mountain streams to document overwintering assemblages potentially experiencing spring acid pulses. Taxa richness values were comparable to other published lists for alpine and montane stream systems despite the fact that most literature reflected summer collections. Mean benthic density ranged from 1406 to 19,734 organisms/m², and drift rates ranged from 0 to 1740 organisms/100 m³. Benthic collections showed higher taxa richness than drift collections while the Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera occurred in greater proportions in drift than in benthos. The Nemouridae (Plecoptera), …

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna Analysis (Rapd) Of Artemisia Subgenus Tridentatae Species And Hybrids, E. Durant Mcarthur, Joann Mudge, Renée Van Buren, W. Ralph Andersen, Stewart C. Sanderson, David G. Babbel

Great Basin Naturalist

Species of Artemisia (subgenus Tridentatae) dominate much of western North America. The genetic variation that allows this broad ecological adaptation is facilitated by hybridization and polyploidization. Three separate studies were performed in this group using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Fifty-seven 10-mer primers generated nearly 400 markers from genomic DNA obtained from leaf tissue. These studies were (1) a measure of the variability of plants within and between populations and between subspecies using 5 A. tridentata ssp. wyomingensis populations, 2 A. cana ssp. cana populations, and 1 A. cana ssp. viscidula population; (2) an examination of the hypothesis that …

Management Of Red Squirrel Feeding Damage To Lodgepole Pine By Stand Density Manipulation And Diversionary Food, Thomas P. Sullivan

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 18th (1998)

The red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) feeds on the vascular tissues of sapling lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) during spring periods in forests of interior British Columbia and Alberta, Canada. This damage may lead to mortality and reduced growth of crop trees in managed stands. Manipulation of stand density by pre-commercial thinning to densities < 1,000 stems/ha is an effective method to lower squirrel populations and feeding damage. Lowering stand density enhances the growth of crop trees, and understory herbs and shrubs as wildlife habitat, while protecting trees from squirrel feeding. This approach has been successful in several forest ecological zones. An alternative management tool is provision of diversionary food (sunflower seed) for those stands susceptible to feeding damage, and where stand thinning has already been completed. Diversionary food can be applied aerially and is very cost effective for protecting managed stands. These techniques may be used to maintain or even enhance species diversity of small mammal communities in those forest stands requiring protection.

Tapeinosperma Alatum (Myrsinaceae): A Remarkable New Species From Ceram, Diane Holland, P.F. Stevens

Biology Department Faculty Works

A new pachycaul species Tapeinosperma alatum D.E. Holland & P.F. Stevens (Myrsinaceae) is described from South Central Ceram. It is characterized by its huge leaves, over 1 m long, and congested, almost Gunnera-like. inflorescence. The distinctive distribution of the Papuasian pachycaul species of Tapeinosperma is briefly compared with that of a number of other unrelated taxa.

Morphological Study Of Cultivated Cowpea Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp. Importance Of Ovule Number And Definition Of Cv Gr Melanophthalmus, Rémy Stéphane Pasquet

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

More than 400 cultivated cowpea accessions were studied using 29 morphophysiological characters. The analysis of data contrasts evolved cultivars and more primitive cultivars (and wild forms) according to seed size on the one hand and early and late flowering (under inductive conditions) on the other hand. The latter character is markedly correlated with ovule number. Photosensitive and early-flowering photoindependent cultivars have 11-17 ovules per pod and late flowering photoindependent cultivars have 16-25 ovules per pod. The analysis leads to assigning the accessions studied to the following different cultigroups: cv gr Unguiculata, cv gr Sesquipedalis, cv gr Biflora and cv gr …

Agriculture And The Western Australian Economy : Value Added Contribution Of Agricultural Commodities, Nazrul Islam

All other publications

No abstract provided.

Ua66/5 Newsletter, Wku Agriculture

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by WKU Agriculture Department re: faculty/staff, students/alumni, student organizations and clubs and donors.

Density, Distribution, And Habitat Of Flammulated Owls In Idaho, Craig Groves, Terry Frederick, Glenn Frederick, Eric Atkinson, Melonie Atkinson, Jay Shepherd, Gregg Servheen

Great Basin Naturalist

From 1990 to 1992 we surveyed for Flammulated Owls (Otus flammeolus) in 3 areas in Idaho: Salmon National Forest (SNF), Payette National Forest and adjacent Hells Canyon National Recreation Area (PNF-HCNRA), and Nez Perce National Forest (NPNF). We also collected and summarized information on all historic and modern records of Flammulated Owls in Idaho. Flammulated Owls were detected on 65% of 68 routes (2–16 km in length) surveyed at densities ranging from 0.04 to 1.25 singing males/40 ha. Owls were detected on survey routes as early as 10 May and as late as 23 July. Mean percent canopy …

Erratum

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Diplostomiasis In Native And Introduced Fishes From Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, Victor H. Inchausty, Michael Foutz, Richard A. Heckmann, Claudete Ruas, Paulo Ruas

Great Basin Naturalist

Totals of 101 native Yellowstone cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri), 27 introduced lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), and 40 introduced longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus) from Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, USA, were examined for eye flukes. Metacercariae of the trematode fluke Diplostomum were in vitreous humor and/or lens of 94% of Yellowstone cutthroat trout, 92% of lake trout, and 78% of longnose sucker. Longnose sucker had 7% prevalence of infection in both lens and vitreous humor of metacercariae, while Yellowstone cutthroat trout had 3% and lake trout 8%. Diplostomum spathaceum was in lens tissue of 5% of infected …

Ua66/5 Newsletter, Wku Agriculture

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by WKU Agriculture Department re: faculty/staff, students/alumni, student organizations and clubs and donors.

Natural Variability Of Vegetation, Soils, And Physiography In The Bristlecone Pine Forest Of The Rocky Mountains, Brigitte M. Ranne, William L. Baker, Tom Andrews, Michael G. Ryan

Great Basin Naturalist

Pinus aristata Engelm. forest vegetation in Colorado was studied to determine vegetation composition and the relationship between vegetation and environment. Species percent cover, tree size class, and environmental variables were recorded for 49 plots. Previously collected data for 4 plots from New Mexico were included. Environmental variables included latitude, longitude, elevation, slope, aspect, topographic position, parent material, percent rock cover, mean rock size, litter depth, estimated plot age class, and evidence of anthropogenic disturbance. Soils were analyzed for texture, depth, and percent carbon and nitrogen. Pinus aristata foliage was analyzed for percent nitrogen and phosphorus. Direct and indirect gradient analyses …

An Analysis Of The Variation Within Cratoxylum Arborescens (Clusiaceae) In Malesia, A.C. Church, P.F. Stevens

Biology Department Faculty Works

The variation within the widespread West Malesian species Cratoxylum arborescens (Vahl) Blume was analyzed and three distinctive variants were found. These are recognized formally as varieties, var. arborescens, var. miquelii King, and var. borneense A.C. Church & P.F. Stevens. A key and full descriptions are given. The characters employed to delimit the three taxa are discussed and the selection of varietal rank is justified.

Neem Seed Extract Spray Applications As Low-Cost Inputs For Management Of The Flower Thrips In The Cowpea Crop, R. C. Saxena, E. L. Kidiavai

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

In field trials conducted at the Experiment Station and in a farmer's field at Mbita near the shores of Lake Victoria, Kenya, applications of 2% or 3% neem seed extract (NSE) @ 200 l/ha with a knapsack sprayer at 38, 47 and 51 days after emergence (DE) of the cowpea crop or 5%, 10% or 20% NSE sprayed @ 10 l/ha with an ultra-low-volume applicator at 31, 39 and 49 DE often significantly reduced the number of larvae of the flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom), in cowpea flowers recorded 2 days after each treatment. Also fewer adults occurred in flowers …

Helminths Of The Southwestern Toad, Bufo Microscaphus, Woodhouse's Toad, Bufo Woodhousii (Bufonidae), And Their Hybrids From Central Arizona, Stephen R. Goldberg, Charles R. Bursey, Keith B. Malmos, Brian K. Sullivan, Hay Cheam

Great Basin Naturalist

The gastrointestinal tracts, lungs, and urinary bladders from 77 Bufo microscaphus, 61 Bufo woodhousii, and 8 of their hybrids were examined for helminths. One species of trematode (Glypthelmins quieta), 1 species of cestode (Distoichometra bufonis), and 5 species of nematodes (Aplectana incerta, A. itzocanensis, Rhabdias americanus, Physaloptera sp., and Physocephalus sp.) were found. The greatest prevalence (41%) and mean intensity (231.7) were recorded for Aplectana incerta in Bufo woodhousii. It appears hybrids harbor fewer parasites than either parent species.

Livestock As Seed Disseminators For Reseeding Degraded Rangelands: The Role Of Dung In Gap Formation And Plant Establishment, Brian S. Auman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Livestock (cattle and sheep) were examined as seed disseminators for reseeding degraded Intermountain rangelands. "Hycrest" crested wheatgrass [Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. X A. cristatum (L.) Gaert.] seed was fed to yearling Holstein steers and Suffolk ewes. Dung was collected from each animal type and deposited on plots of high and low densities of an annual [cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.)] and perennial [squirreltail (Sitanion hystrix Nutt.)] grass species. The experiment evaluated the ability of the dung to suppress the resident vegetation, and the recruitment and establishment of Hycrest seedlings emerging from the dung.

Sheep dung had …

Oochoristica Scelopori (Cestoda: Linstowiidae) In A Grassland Population Of The Bunch Grass Lizard, Sceloporus Scalaris (Phrynosomatidae), From Arizona, Stephen R. Goldberg, Charles R. Bursey, Chris T. Mcallister, Hobart M. Smith, Quynh A. Truong

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Douglas-Fir Foliage Age Class On Western Spruce Budworm Oviposition Choice And Larval Performance, Kimberly A. Dodds, Karen M. Clancy, Kathryn J. Leyva, David Greenberg, Peter W. Price

Great Basin Naturalist

The western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) prefers to feed on flushing buds and current-year needles of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco). Budworm larvae will not typically consume older age classes of needles unless all current-year foliage is depleted. We tested the following null hypotheses: (1) budworm larvae can feed on foliage with a wide range of qualities (i.e., current 1-, 2-, or 3-year-old needles) without measurable effects on fitness; and (2) budworm adults do not show any oviposition preference linked to the age of the foliage they fed on as larvae. We used both laboratory and field …

Selecting Wilderness Areas To Conserve Utah's Biological Diversity, Diane W. Davidson, William D. Newmark, Jack W. Sites Jr., Dennis K. Shiozawa, Eric A. Rickart, Kimball T. Harper, Robert B. Keiter

Great Basin Naturalist

Congress is currently evaluating the wilderness status of Bureau of Land Management (BLM) public lands in Utah. Wilderness areas play many important roles, and one critical role is the conservation of biological diversity. We propose that objectives for conserving biodiversity on BLM lands in Utah be to (1) ensure the long-term population viability of native animal and plant species, (2) maintain the critical ecological and evolutionary processes upon which these species depend, and (3) preserve the full range of communities, successional stages, and environmental gradients. To achieve these objectives, wilderness areas should be selected so as to protect large, contiguous …

Forty Years Of Rangeland Research In The Meekatharra And Wiluna Districts (1956-1996), Andrew Thomson, John Morrissey

Agriculture reports

This document is an account of the research undertaken by this Branch over the past 40 years, and it provides a general explanation of the results. It also includes descriptions of many of the Land Conservation District projects at Meekatharra and Wiluna. A number of trials and community based projects from other districts relevant to this publication have also been included as supplementary information.

A Lighter Shade Of Green: Reproducing Nature In Central Florida, Kevin Archer

All Faculty Scholarship for the School of Graduate Studies and Research

No abstract provided.

Inventory For Endangered, Threatened, And Rare Plant And Animal Species Within The Floodplain Corridor Of The Middle Loup River Basin, Nebraska Natural Heritage Program

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

In April 1996 the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) entered into agreement with the U. S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) to conduct inventory work for endangered, threatened, and rare plant and animal species within the floodplain corridor of the Middle Loup River basin in Nebraska. This district includes the Farwell and Sargent Irrigation Districts. The impetus for such inventory work is the renewal of current water services contracts between BOR and irrigation districts that will expire in 1988. BOR has stated the need to balance the interests of the irrigation districts and their clients, with …