Animal Sciences Commons^™

The Naiads (Mollusca: Unionidae) From Two Prehistoric Sites Along The Ohio River, Mason County, West Virginia, Beverly Dawn Spurlock

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Archeological naiad valves representing 29 species were recovered from two Late Prehistoric Indian villages along the Ohio River, Mason County, West Virginia. Surface collections and limited excavation provided a total of 1,599 identifiable valves and valve fragments. Dif­ferences in species compositions and relative abundances between the two middens were noted. Samples from the Rolf Lee Farm Site (46MS51) contained 28 species while the Lewis-Old Town Farm Site (46MS57) produced only 23 species. Comparisons were made with other nearby prehistoric shell deposits and also with more recent twentieth century collections from this reach of the river. Nine of the archeological species …

Food Habits Of Largemouth Bass, Micropterus Salmoides (Lacepede) And Spotted Bass, Micropterus Punctulatus (Rafinesque), From Beech Fork Reservoir, A New Impoundment In Wayne And Cabell Counties, West Virginia, Michael A. Arcuri

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

A study was undertaken to determine the food habits of two game fishes, the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede) and the spotted bass M. punctulatus (Rafinesque) in Beech Fork Reservoir shortly after its impoundment. A total of 171 largemouth bass and 95 spotted bass were collected from July 1978, through June 1979, and their stomach contents analyzed.

Largemouth bass fed primarily on fishes, particularly young-of-the-year bluegill. Aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates were also important food items, especially during the spring and fall . The dominant aquatic forms were chironomid larvae and pupae while the dominant terrestrial forms were adult dipterans.

Spotted …

Streptococcal Infections Of Fishes, G. L. Bullock

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Streptococcosis is a septicemic disease that affects both freshwater and saltwater fishes; it was first reported in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri (Hoshino et al. 1958). Additional outbreaks have since been described in cultured golden shiners (Notemigonus crysoleucas), yellowtails (Sepiola quinqueradiata), and eels (Anguilla japonious) , and in a variety of feral saltwater fishes.

Bacterial Gill Disease Of Freshwater Fishes, S. F. Snieszko

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Bacterial gill disease (BGD) was first described by Davis (1926, 1927), who observed it in fry and fingerling brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in hatcheries in Vermont. The affected trout were kept in dirt-bottom ponds and were not crowded; , daily mortalities were very low. Mortalities rapidly increased when the water temperature increased and diminished when the temperature decreased. Examination of the diseased trout revealed clubbing of gill filaments. In microscopic examination of wet mounts of the filaments" Davis found that the gill surface was covered with closely adhering strands of long, …

Report No 41 - A Survey Method For Identifying Roadside Flora Suitable For Conservation In Western Australia, John K. Scott

Fisheries Research Reports

A survey method for identifying flora suitable for conservation alongside roads in south-western Australia was derived from an examination of characteristics of road verges. Two roads, from Midland to Toodyay and from Armadale to Bunbury, were examined. Width of verge, weed cover, soil disturbance, vegetation structure, presence of public utilities, evidence of fire and the type of adjoining land were measured at one mile (1.6 km) intervals on both sides of the road. Also recorded were aesthetic qualities such as stands of beautiful trees and sites of special interest, e.g. the presence of rare plants.

Three variables, percentage weed cover, …

Fisheries Report No 48 - The Western Rock Lobster Fishery 1976 - 1977, G. R. Morgan, E H. Barker

Fisheries Research Reports

The fishery for the western rock lobster Panuldinus cygnus is one of the most important single fisheries in Australia and an important export earner for the State. The fishery is governed by a complex set of regulations which have been reviewed by Bowen (1971) and which are designed to limit the total effort to acceptable levels and to enforce a legal minimum size. It is thus important to constantly monitor the state of the fishery both to ensure that the effort is remaining within the accepted limits and that the regulations are adequately performing their function of maintaining reasonably stable …

Fisheries Report No 43 - A Pit Trap Survey Of Small Mammals, Lizards And Frogs On The Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, Stephen D. Hopper

Fisheries Research Reports

Ten pitlines were placed in open low woodlands near Moates Lake and in upland and coastal heathlands near Mount Gardner on Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve during February 1980 and February 1981. The trapping program established that Common Dunnarts (Smitnthopsts murina) and Honey Possums (Tarstpes spencerae) were widespread in the reserve, and added three lizards and one frog to the list of vertebrates known to occur on the reserve.

Twenty mammals (15 native and 5 feral), four snakes, fifteen lizards, one tortoise and six frogs are now known on Iwo Peoples Bay Nature Reserve. They constitute a representative sample of …

Aquaculture Industry Of Arkansas In 1979-1980, Donald H. Fiegel, Mike Freeze

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey of previous fish farmer certificate holders in Arkansas was conducted during 1979-1980 using renewal questionnaires, telephone conversations, and personal contacts. This survey was compared with similar surveys from preceding years. Approximately 51.0% of 12,372 intensively farmed hectares in 1979-80 were devoted to bait fish production, while 22.9% were utilized in food fish production. Acreage in bait fish, food fish, and fingerling production decreased from 1979 to 1980; however, price increases during this time resulted in a higher total value of the industry

Economics Of Rainbow Trout Production In Arkansas, Walter R. Robison, Scott H. Newton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Report No 42 - A Guide To The Gazetted Rare Flora Of Western Australia, Barbara L. Rye, Stephen D. Hopper

Fisheries Research Reports

Descriptions and illustrations are provided for the first 100 taxa which have been gazetted as rare, likely to become extinct or in need of special protection under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950-1979. Most of these rare taxa are restricted to the South-West Botanical Province and more than one-third occur in the Albany Wildlife District.

An outline is given of the means adopted to determine which taxa are gazetted as rare, the legal provisions for their protection and the biological data being sought for their management.

Fisheries Report No 46 - The Amateur Fishery For The Western Rock Lobster, Pamela N. Norton

Fisheries Research Reports

A study of the amateur fishery for the western rock Lobster, Paulinus cygnus George, was commenced by the W.A. Marine Research Laboratories in August, 1976, and was concluded in December, 1978. The main aims of this study were to collect and analyse data to give some estimate of the distribution and magnitude of this amateur fishery.

Prior to this survey, the only catch and fishing effort data available was that obtained from the commercial fishery. Data from the amateur fishery were required in order to make a full assessment of the Level of exploitation of the stocks. In addition, 144 …

Tornadoes West Of The Divide: A Climatology, Richard P. Mcnulty

National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration: Technical Reports and Related Materials

A climatology of tornado occurrence west of the Continental Divide is presented. These tornadoes are a small but significant part of severe weather occurrences over the United States. Data are examined from both the spatial and temporal point of view. The influence of population and topography is highly evident.

Winter Feeding Of Fingerling Channel Catfish In Cages, D. B. Burke, Walter R. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Ration/Density Comparisons With Caged Channel Catfish, Scott H. Newton, Walter R. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Annual Marks In The Sagittae Otoliths Of The Bluegill And Their Use In Age Determination In A Thermally Perturbed Environment, William D. Kraus

Masters Theses

This investigation was undertaken to determine if annual marks were present in the otoliths of the Bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, and to explore their possible use as ageing structures in a thermally perturbed environment.

Two populations were studied; one from a farm pond with marked seasonal changes and the other from Lake Sanchris which serves as a cooling reservoir in central Illinois. Age determinations were made on 53 and 45 fish from the farm pond and Lake Sanchris respectively.

Annual marks were found to occur in the sagittae otoliths of the bluegill. These marks showed bright amber in sectioned …

Correlation Of Hook-And-Line Vulnerability Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) With Selected Physicochemical Parameters At Ridge Lake, Dale P. Burkett

Masters Theses

Fluctuation in kilograms of largemouth bass caught per man-hour of fishing pressure (catch rate) in Ridge Lake (a 6.8ha impoundment located in Fox Ridge State Park, Coles County, Illinois) was positively correlated with dissolved oxygen concentration (r=0.7490), conductivity (r=0.7439), pH (r=0.5965), and alkalinity (r=0.7531). Negative correlations were found between largemouth bass catch rate and turbidity (r=-0.5145), as well as ammonia (r=-0.4694). No significant (p<0.05) correlations were found between catch rate and column water temperature, air temperature, barometric pressure, water level, maximum water temperature, minimum water temperature, maximum air temperature, or minimum air temperature.

Models describing the relationships of the most significant physicochemical parameters to catch rate of largemouth bass were chosen to represent the effects of environment …

Daily Growth Increments In The Otoliths Of Young-Of-The-Year Largemouth Bass, Micropterus Salmoides, Steven J. Miller

Masters Theses

Daily rings were found to occur in the otoliths of laboratory-reared, young-of-the-year largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, for at least 151 days after swimup. Ring formation began at hatching but the total complement of prolarval rings was visible for only 10-15 days after swimup. Subdaily rings were visible in the posterior field but were easily distinguished from daily rings. Both high and low contrast tissue was present in otoliths from fish over 45 days old. Sagittal sections were superior to frontal sections for aging bass. The accuracy of the two-sections was similiar but sagittal sections were much easier and faster …

Promotion Of Distant-Water Fishing Industry In Taiwan, Dah-Wen Shieh

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The growth of distant-water fishing industry in Taiwan has been steady during the period from 1965-1973. However, since 1973, the slow expansion of distant-water fisheries has been reflected in both the production side and the decreasing catch per unit effort. The increasing operation costs and the shrinking fishing grounds are mainly attributable to the limitation of distant-water fishing industry. The small scale of fishing companies with small-sized vessels also resulted in the inefficient operation in this highly competitive business. For Taiwan, distant-water fishing is not only a means of meeting general protein requirements for its population but also an important …

Vegetative Community Descriptions For The North Platte River In Wyoming And Nebraska, Lynn Fisher

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

A description of the vegetative communities in an area will provide an insight to wildlife potential and use of that area. Wildlife and its corresponding habitat are recognized as important for recreation and to the overall environmental quality of an area. The Water and Power Resources Service, Lower Missouri Region, is presently engaged in a study of the Platte River Basin, including an evaluation of wildlife habitat and associated environmental needs. Quantification of wildlife habitat along the South Platte River has been completed. Vegetation communities were described and habitat maps were prepared from color infrared aerial photographs (scale – 1:24,000). …

Studies Of The Ichthyofauna Of Connecticut, Paul M. Jacobson

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Fish Size On Prey Size Selection In Gambusia Affinis, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Joseph J. Cech Jr., James Compton

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Food size selection of the mosquitofish , Gambusia affinis affinis. was measured in aquaria using juvenile stages of the mosquito, Clllex tarsalb;, as prey. Fish size varied from recently born fry to large adult females. Food size selection was positively correlated with fish size. Mosquitofish fry (6-8 111m standard length) attacked and ate primarily first and second instar larvae. Fry attacked larger instars, but attack success on these was low (0 - 50%). Fish larger than 20 mm attached primarily pupae and third and fourth instar larva. No first instar mosquitoes were eaten. Attack success for these fish was above …

Mass Marking Of Mosquitofish: Preliminary Results, Bruce Vondracek, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Joseph J. Cech Jr.

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Three marking techniques were tested to determine their applicability for mosquitofish. Tetracycline drugs and DC Ar administered in the diet successfully marked laboratory-cultured mosquitofish, but exposure to direct sunlight in outdoor tanks resulted in the rapid disappearance of the marks. Preliminary data on fluorescent marks from a polystyrene pigment in a melamine-sulfonamide-formaldehyde resin forced into the dermal ,tissue with compressed air are more promising.

A t an optimal deliver pressure of 7.3 m Hg (140 p.s.i.) and spraying time of 15 sec., marking percentage is maximized and fish mortality is minimized. Mark retention time was up to 80 days in …

A Light And Electron Microscopic Study Of Visual Neurons In The Medulla Externa Of The Crab Hemigrapsus Nudus, Yu Cheng Liao

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The decapod crustacean with a relatively well-defined visual system have contributed significantly to our understanding of visual neuron morphology and physiology. The general morphology of the optic lobes of several decapods were initially described by Parker (1897) and Hanstrom (1924). In the past few years, several light and electron microscope studies have been made on the lamina ganglionaris: the first optic ganglion, of the lobster (Hamori and Horridge, 1966a); the crayfish (Hafner, 1974; Nassel, 1976a), and the crab (Stowe et al., 1977; Rafuse et al., in preparation). As yet, no adequate description has been made of the visual neurons in …

State Of The Fisheries Report 1979, Department Of Fisheries And Wildlife, Western Australia

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

Western Australia has maintained its position as the top fishing State. The catch in Western Australia of fish, crustaceans and molluscs in 1978-79 was worth $91 million to the fishermen, which is 33 per cent of the total value for Australia.

A Comparison Of Vitamin A1 & A2 Levels & The Role Of Beta-Carotene & Lutein In The Synthesis Of Vitamin A In Freshwater Fishes, Benjamin Del Tito Jr.

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The objectives of this study were to determine naturally occurring concentrations of vitamin A₁ and A₂ in selected native fishes and, under laboratory conditions, to determine the possible role of beta-carotene and lutein in the synthesis of vitamin A by goldfish. The native fishes were selected to exhibit different feeding habits and were taken from different habitats (stream vs. lake) during different seasons of the year. In the laboratory, two possible precursors, beta-carotene and lutein, were incorporated into the diet to determine the role of these substances in the synthesis of vitamin A.

Species of fish differed in …

Evaluation Of Six Strains Of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) Stocked As Fingerlings In Porcupine Reservoir, Utah, Mark Hudy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Different strains of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), Ten Sleep, Sand Creek, Beitey, Shepherd-of-the-Hills, New Zealand, Fish Lake-Desmet, Desmet, were compared for survival to the creel, growth and catchability after being stocked in a fluctuating 80 ha Utah reservoir. Fish were stocked in the spring and fall as fingerlings and monitored by creel censusing, gill netting and electrofishing. Fish were tagged with coded wire snout tags prior to stocking. An angler opinion survey was conducted to determine angler satisfaction with numbers and size of fish caught.

Regardless of strain, spring stocking was superior to fall stocking in survival to …

Production Of Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium Williamsoni) In Altered And Unaltered Reaches Of Two Intermountain Streams In Their Alluvial Flood Plains, Michael J. Ottenbacher

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Estimates of production and related parameters (growth rate, density, standing crop) were made for populations of mountain whitefish in altered and "unaltered" areas of the Blacksmith Fork and Logan River, Utah from spring 1975 through summer 1976. Capture records of marked whitefish were also analyzed to describe fish movement and check on assumptions implicit in the population estimator.

Mean weights and instantaneous growth rates of whitefish were similar at all sites for comparable size/age groups. Among sites, differences in production per sampling interval and annual production were due mainly to differences in standing crop and/or age structure.

Estimates of mountain …

An Investigation Into A New England Fisheries Development Project: Towards The Expansion Of The Whiting Fishery, J. H. Kaelin

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In 1973, the New England Fishery Development Program (NEFDP), an industry/government partnership was formed to offset a portion of the economic decline of the New England fishing industry while encouraging the development of underutilized species and nontraditional fishery products. The purpose of this paper is to examine one of the NEFDP's development projects and to comment on its apparent success. This paper attempts to determine if domestic processors can be expected to produce whiting fillet blocks that can compete in the market place with foreign imports. Several aspects of the problem are favorably resolved-an abundant whiting resource is available; the …

High Value Fishery: Vessel-Harvest Helicopter Landing, Roger F. Scott

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of using helicopters to move high value fish from the offshore fishing fleet at sea, to market distribution locations. To accomplish this purpose, data was collected on the high value swordfish species, ex-vessel, $1.50 per pound, and used to compare three basic options. Two Sikorsky helicopters were considered in the options tested; the light lift S58T, and the medium lift S61. The data shows the S58T to dominate the S61 in all comparisons. An underlying assumption of the analysis is that the fish landed by helicopter will demand a premium …

Filtration Ingestion And Assimilation Rates Of The Mysid Shrimp Neomysis Americana Smith, Fed Three Food Sources, Robert W. Grabb

OES Theses and Dissertations

Laboratory grazing and assimilation experiments were conducted on the mysid shrimp Neomysis americana in an attempt to assess the suitability of three potential food sources. It was hypothesized that the smaller size classes were primarily herbivores, not becoming omnivorous until attaining lengths of approximately 5-6 mm. Four size classes of mysids from the summer generation, juveniles, immature, adult males, and adult ovigerous females were each fed three concentrations of Artemia salina nauplii, the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, and the diatom Coscinodiscus lineatus. The mean lengths of the size classes utilized, plus or minus one standard deviation, were 2.5 …