Agriculture Commons^™

Digitaria Milanjiana - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Finger grass (Digitaria milanjiana). Finger grass is a subtropical to tropical perennial grass native to a wide range in Africa from South Africa to Ethiopia (Cook et al. 2020). It is now cultivated in Africa, Asia (Malaysia; Thailand; Vietnam), Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland), the Caribbean and in the Pacific (Fiji). Finger grass is a highly …

Medicago Littoralis - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Strand medic (Medicago littoralis). Strand medic is a temperate annual pasture legume native to the calcareous sandy soils along the coast of the Mediterranean. It is adapted to well drained soils with a slightly acid (pHCa >5.8), neutral and alkaline conditions (AAR 275-500mm). Used as a self-regenerating autumn-to-spring growing annual pasture. A minor pasture species …

Urochloa Mosambicensis - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Sabi grass (Urochloa mosambicensis). Sabi grass is a creeping, tropical, perennial grass of variable size and growth habit usually with short stolons or tufted and sometimes rooting and branching from the lower nodes. Sabi grass is native to central and southern Africa (i.e. Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa and Swaziland). …

Allium Cepa - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Allium cepa. Onions are a root vegetable which are widely cultivated around the world. A. cepa is only known from cultivation, however onions are part of the Allium genus which contains over 300 species.

Vigna Radiata Subsp. Radiata - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Mung bean (Vigna radiata subsp. radiata) There are two subspecies of Mung bean; V. radiata subsp. radiata (var. setulose) is the exotic Mung bean native to the Indian subcontinent and Vigna radiata subsp. sublobata which is native to northern Australia and the Kimberley Region in Western Australia including IBRA Regions: Central Kimberley, Dampierland, Northern Kimberley, …

Stylosanthes Guianensis Var. Guianensis - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Common stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis var. guianensis). Common stylo is a tropical, erect to semi-erect, short-lived perennial legume adapted to acid infertile soils.

Trifolium Subterraneum - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum). Subterranean clover is a grazing tolerant annual pasture legume from the Mediterranean Basin which is sown over 8 million hectares (ha) in Western Australia (WA) and 29 million ha across southern Australia. It is used in permanent pastures and in rotation with crops. A range of cultivars are available for areas …

Vicia Faba - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Faba beans (Vicia faba). Faba beans are a winter growing pulse (legume) crop which are adapted to well-drained medium- to fine-textured soils with a neutral to alkaline pH. In Western Australia (WA), faba beans is a niche crop and production is currently around 6,000 tonnes. Vicia faba minor is grown under broadscale farming conditions in …

Megathyrsus Maximus - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Panic grass (Megathyrsus maximus). Panic grass (Megathyrsus maximus) is a warm season (C4), perennial grass which is widely used in South America, Japan, India, and sub-tropical Queensland and more recently in the northern agricultural region of Western Australia. It is a productive forage grass for pasture, green-forage, hay and silage. The panic grasses are shade …

Bothriochloa Pertusa - Environmental Weed Risk Assessment 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Environmental Weed Risk Assessments

Introducing new plants to an area may have both positive and negative effects on the environment, economy and community. To minimise the negative environmental impact of introducing new agricultural species, DPIRD conducts a risk assessment procedure based on widely accepted scientific standards. This report assesses Bothriochloa pertusa. Indian bluegrass is a stoloniferous, mat-forming, tropical (C4) perennial grass.

2022 Weed Science Research Report – Green Section, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences

Plant Sciences Weed Science Reports

The Weed Science team at North Dakota State University conduct field research in the State of North Dakota. This specific document reports on field research conducted in 2022. It includes work on small grains and the management of several weeds in North Dakota.

Remote Sensing For Quantifying C3 And C4 Grass Ratios In Pastures, Jordyn Alyssa Bush

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The following studies investigate the accuracy and practicality of exploiting the color dichotomy present between C₃ and C₄ grass species to estimate their respective proportions from drone or camera captured imagery. Understanding the proportions of C₃ and C₄ grasses in pastures is vital to sound decision making for livestock production. The ability to monitor these proportions remotely will also allow for large scale monitoring as well as detection of changes in botanical composition over time and in response to weather events, management, or climate change. A free green canopy cover (GCC) analyzing software, Canopeo, was used …

Charles A. Francis, Abstracts And Publications [1969--2022], December 2022, Charles A. Francis

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Contents

I. Journal articles (218), p.1

II. Book reviews (60), p. 18

III. Published abstracts (213), p. 23

IV. Books (23), p. 40

V. Chapters in books (81), p. 42

VI. Symposium or workshop proceedings (127), p. 50

VII. Symposia or extension publications edited (31), p. 62

VIII. Miscellaneous (522), p. 65

Modeling The Evolution Of Herbicide Resistance In Weed Species With A Complex Life Cycle, K. Harrison Holmes, John L. Lindquist, Richard Rebarber, Rodrigo Werle, Melinda K. Yerka, Brigitte Tenhumberg

Brigitte Tenhumberg Papers

A growing number of weed species have evolved resistance to herbicides in recent years, which causes an immense financial burden to farmers. An increasingly popular method of weed control is the adoption of crops that are resistant to specific herbicides, which allows farmers to apply the herbicide during the growing season without harming the crop. If such crops are planted in the presence of closely related weed species, it is possible that resistance genes could transfer from the crop species to feral populations of the wild species via gene flow and become stably introgressed under ongoing selective pressure by the …

Desired Properties Of Recycling-Derived Fertilisers From An End-User Perspective, Aoife Egan, Niamh Power

Grey Literature

The Interreg North-West (NW) Europe ReNu2Farm project aims to increase the recycling rates of the plant nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K). Currently, farmers predominantly use mineral fertilisers that are a finite resource and in the case of nitrogen are energy-intensive to produce. Then again, there are several regions in NW Europe with a nutrient surplus and there have been many advances in technology that can recover these nutrients. However, there has been very little up-take overall, with these recycling derived fertilisers (RDFs). To explore the reason behind the reluctance of farmers to use these sustainable recycled products, …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Featured Faculty Mentor And Student Explore The Dynamics Of This Research Relationship, Matt Bertucci, Gracie Morrison

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Using Poultry To Enhance Food Security In Stann Creek, Belize, Emily Spatz, Lisa S. Wood

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Food insecurity is a growing issue in developing and developed countries alike, and in countries like Belize, the prevalence of hunger has soared in recent years. Not having access to diets with sufficient calories and nutrients leads to a host of developmental issues, including stunting and cognitive delays. The purpose of this work was to create an all-encompassing manual for small-scale poultry production in order to provide nourishment for the students and staff of a school in Belize. After determining that the best way to meet the school’s needs was through dual-purpose birds, background research was conducted to determine small-scale …

Cultivation Of Industrial Hemp On And Near Airports: Implications For Wildlife Use And Risk To Aviation Safety, Bradley F. Blackwell, Page E. Klug, Lee A. Humberg, Zachary T. Brym, Bryan M. Kluever, Jennifer M. Edwards

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Land-use planning on and near airports should consider possible revenue from land covers, associated maintenance costs, and potential for land covers to attract vertebrate species recognized as hazardous to aviation safety. The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration has expressed interest in recent attention given to industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.; hemp) as a revenue-producing land cover that might be cultivated on or near airports. Our purpose was to better understand the potential production value of hemp as well as its possible role in affecting aviation safety if cultivated on or near airports. Our objectives were to: (1) review the literature …

Quantifying Crop Phenology For Food Sustainability Under Climate Change: Integration Of Remote Sensing, Machine Learning, And Ecosystem Modeling, Yanjun Yang

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Climate change is projected to continue and accelerate significantly in the future if global greenhouse gas emissions are not curbed. Previous studies have shown that crop growth and production in agroecosystems are primarily determined by the weather conditions over the growing season. Crop phenology represents one of the most critical indicators in determining crop yield and adjusting the adaptation of crops to climate change. It provides essential information for monitoring and modeling crop growth dynamics and productivity. Therefore, understanding and quantifying the impacts of climate change on crop phenology and then agricultural production is crucial to formulate feasible climatic adaptation …

An Evaluation Of Eragrostis Tef For Future Cultivar Development, Eric Wayne Luteyn

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The many benefits of utilizing teff (Eragrostis tef) as small grain is well documented in journal publications. Over time the domestication of this species has become essential to the diets of the local population and the livestock living in the African highlands. Current research points to a high diversity of trait characteristics found in many teff populations and the potential utilization of these traits to increase desirable characteristics in both grain and forage varieties. With the overarching goal of adding to what is already known about teff, this study evaluates the different traits that are of interest to …

Understanding The Cellular And Physiological Mechanisms Of Fertilization And Early-Stage Seed Development, Mohammad Foteh Ali

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Flowering plants have evolved a unique double-fertilization process. Two sperm cells fuse with two female gametophytic cells, the egg and central cells within the ovule, giving rise to the embryo and endosperm, respectively. Sperm cells in flowering plants are nonmotile and delivered in close proximity to the egg and central cells by the pollen tube. Flowering plants have established filamentous actin (F-actin) based sperm nuclear migration system for successful fertilization. Prior to fertilization, the female gamete forms a mesh-like structure of F-actin that shows constant inward movement from the plasma membrane periphery to the center of the cell where the …

Building Capacity For Cool Season Vegetable Production In Kentucky: Strengthening Supply Chains Through Crop Model Development And Analysis Of A Farm-To-Institution Market, Chelsea Jo Maupin

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Cool season vegetable crops are suitable for both direct-to-consumer (DTC) and farm-to-institution (FTI) markets in central Kentucky. However, crop planning for predictable harvest is challenging. Seasonality issues can be detrimental to FTI markets wherein institutions require consistent, large volumes of product. This research investigates both production and market aspects of salad crops in central Kentucky, through development of growing degree day (GDD) crop models for loose-leaf lettuce (Latuca sativa), carrots (Daucus carota subsp. sativus), and spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and through a case study analysis for a FTI initiative called the Salad Bar Program. Simple …

Invasion Of Plant Communities, Stephen L. Young, Sarah Kimball, Stephen J. Novak

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Due to numerous human activities, organisms have been transported and either accidentally or deliberately introduced all around the globe. Biological invasions are now considered to be one of the main drivers of global change because many invasive plants have severe ecological, economic, and health consequences. Thus, there is an ever-growing need to better understand invasions to determine how specific plant species are able to establish in communities and, in many cases, expand their range. Here, we describe the invasion process and how it contributes to the invasion of plant communities. We present an invasion-factor framework (IFF) model that uses three …

Predicting Spatial-Temporal Patterns Of Diet Quality And Large Herbivore Performance Using Satellite Time Series, Sean P. Kearney, Lauren M. Porensky, David J. Augustine, Justin D. Derner, Feng Gao

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Adaptive management of large herbivores requires an understanding of how spatial-temporal fluctuations in forage biomass and quality influence animal performance. Advances in remote sensing have yielded information about the spatial-temporal dynamics of forage biomass, which in turn have informed rangeland management decisions such as stocking rate and paddock selection for free-ranging cattle. However, less is known about the spatial-temporal patterns of diet quality and their influence on large herbivore performance. This is due to infrequent concurrent ground observations of forage conditions with performance (e.g., mass gain), and previously limited satellite data at fine spatial and temporal scales. We combined multi-temporal …

Predicting Biochemical Acclimation Of Leaf Photosynthesis In Soybean Under In-Field Canopy Warming Using Hyperspectral Reflectance, Etsushi Kumagai, Charles H. Burroughs, Taylor L. Pederson, Christopher M. Montes, Bin Peng, Hyungsuk Kimm, Kaiyu Guan, Elizabeth A. Ainsworth, Carl J. Bernacchi

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Traditional gas exchange measurements are cumbersome, which makes it difficult to capture variation in biochemical parameters, namely the maximum rate of carboxylation measured at a reference temperature (Vcmax25) and the maximum electron transport at a reference temperature (Jmax25), in response to growth temperature over time from days to weeks. Hyperspectral reflectance provides reliable measures of Vcmax25 and Jmax25; however, the capability of this method to capture biochemical acclimations of the two parameters to high growth temperature over time has not been demonstrated. In this study, Vcmax25 and Jmax25 were measured over multiple growth stages during two growing seasons for field-grown …

Far-Red Photography For Measuring Plant Growth: A Novel Approach, Cole Webb, F. Mitchell Westmoreland, Bruce Bugbee, Xiaojun Qi

Techniques and Instruments

A critical part of agricultural studies is determining plant stress and growth rate. Modern computer vision provides a series of tools that can be applied to derive this data. In this paper, we will show our findings, analyze their accuracy, and define a system capable of deriving this data with near-human accuracy in a fraction of the time. Denoising techniques applicable to this system will be discussed, as will our discoveries and findings. Finally, suggestions for further research opportunities will be provided.

Skeleton Weed Program 2021/22 : Annual Report To Grain Growers, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Agriculture reports

No abstract provided.

Application Of Mass Spectrometry For Characterization Of Plant-Based Phenolics And Alkaloids, Masoumeh Dorrani

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Plant-derived compounds have the potential to produce value-added compounds with a variety of applications. For example, the lignin part of the lignocellulosic biomass, produced in large quantities as waste from the paper and pulp industries, is a rich source of phenolics with potential applications in the renewable energy sector, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. On the other hand, plant alkaloids are the primary source for developing plant-derived therapeutics. Unfortunately, the recalcitrant nature of plant cell walls, low extraction yields of small secondary metabolites, and the lack of effective analytical methods for a rapid and accurate identification of plant-based compounds and plant’s …

Phomopsis Stem Canker Of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.): Etiology And Epidemiological Conditions Affecting Endophytic Population Of Diaporthe Spp., And Fungicide Efficacy, Nabin Kumar Dangal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Phomopsis stem canker (PSC), caused by species of Diaporthe, is a major disease of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in the U.S., which can cause yield loss over 40%. The disease prevalence increased since 2010 in the major sunflower producing U.S. states of Nebraska, Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Previous studies on the use of foliar fungicides in managing Phomopsis stem canker indicated mixed results on their efficacy in disease reduction and yield gain. Additionally, we do not have sufficient information on asymptomatic colonization by endophytic Diaporthe on sunflower tissue and how foliar fungicide and weather parameters affect the prevalence …