Agriculture Commons^™

A Physiological Study Of Two Strains Of Fusarium In Their Causal Relation To Tuber Rot And Wilt Of Potato, George K. Link

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

1. Fusarium tuberivorum Wilcox and Link is the same as Fusarium trichothecioides Woll. 2. Both Fusarium oxysporum and F. trichothecioides can produce both tuber rot and wilt of the potato plant. 3. The wilt is induced by destruction of the root system and by clogging of the xylem elements in the stem, and is, in mild cases, marked by such symptoms as discoloration of leaves, curling and rolling of leaves, and production of aerial tubers. 4. Under field and storage conditions Fusarium oxysporum is more probably responsible for wilt than is F. trichothecioides, and the latter more responsible for …

Transpiration As A Factor In Crop Production, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The object of experiments reported in this bulletin has been to determine principles according to which water is used by crops. In many agricultural districts, water is frequently a seriously limiting factor in crop production. It has been thought that some means might be devised through a correct understanding of the principles involved, whereby economy in the use of water in farm practice could be increased. In this effort there are two chief points of attack, namely, (1) adjusting the external factors to the needs of the plant, and (2) selecting plants adapted to the conditions.

The Colloidal Swelling Of Wheat Gluten In Relation To Milling And Baking, F. W. Upson, J. W. Calvin

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Our experiments deal with the changes in hydration capacity of gluten under different conditions and were carried out by determining accurately the amount of water absorbed by gluten from solutions of varying concentrations of different acids, both with and without the presence of salts.

A Genetic Study Of Plant Height In Phaseolus Vulgaris, R. A. Emerson

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

When pole and bush beans are crossed, 3:1 segregation results whether the pole bean is very tall or only medium in height and whether the bush bean is very short or relatively tall. To determine the interrelation of these two types of behavior by an analysis of the factors concerned in height of plants in beans and by a study of their mode of inheritance was the object of the investigations reported here.

The Effect Of Climate And Soil Upon Agriculture, Russell R. Spafford

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Field studies in farm management are at present almost whclly confined to measu ring the profitableness of a farm business and analyzing the effect of those factors which fall largely within the control of the farm operator. While factors beyond individual control have always been recognized in field work, very little attempt has thus far 'been made to measure their influence upon farming; It is true that with present weather, soil, botanical, census, and farm management data only preliminary measurements can be made, but nevertheless such measurements do much toward correlating what at present are disconnected facts in agricultural science. …

Lamb Feeding Experiments: Part I. Fattening Western Lambs. Part Ii. Fattening Native Lambs. Part Iii. A Comparison Of Native And Western Lambs., Howard J. Gramlich

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

CONTENTS
Summary
Introduction
Part I Fattening western lambs
Object
Description of the lambs
Treatment previous to the experiment
Rations fed
Feed yards and equipment
Weather conditions
Duration of experiment
Prices of feeds
Corn and alfalfa vs corn, alfalfa, and corn silage
Shelled corn and whole alfalfa vs ground corn and ground alfalfa
Comparison of good alfalfa hay and poor alfalfa hay when fed in conjunction with shelled corn
Ground corn and ground alfalfa with and without corn silage
Corn silage when fed with shelled corn and whole alfalfa and when fed with ground corn and ground alfalfa
Cost of 100 …

The Prairie Dog And Its Control, Myron Harmon Swenk

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Introduction
Injury
Appearance and History
The Prairie Dog Home
Habits
Natural Enemies
General Control
Use of Poisoned Baits
Competitive Experiments in Fall Poisoning
Competitive Experiments in Spring Poisoning
Demonstration Poisoning Experiments
Effect of Poisoning on Other Animals
Fumigation of Burrows
Fumigation Experiments
Less Successful Methods
Bibliography

Management Of Irrigated Land: Report Of The Scottsbluff Experiment Substation, Mitchell, Nebraska, Fritz Knorr

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

SUMMARY.
Seepage may be prevented to some extent by employing proper methods of irrigation. Overirrigation may have a tendency to water-log the soil.
A small head of water, properly used, will irrigate more land and do better work than a large head gone over the land hurriedly.
The distance of irrigation ditches should be such that the water may travel between the ditches in about two hours.
If land can be irrigated in the fall with the same care that crops are irrigated in the summer, there is an advantage to fall irrigation. If water cannot be properly cared for …

Corn Silage And Alfalfa Hay For Beef Production, Ralph K. Bliss, C. B. Lee

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

SUMMARY.

1. A ration of corn and alfalfa hay produced the cheapest gains of any ration used. Furthermore, the steers fed corn and alfalfa hay made as rapid gains as did the steers on any other ration.
2. Had the alfalfa hay used in the first experiment cost $20 per ton, the average profit on the three lots receiving alfalfa would have been 15 per cent greater than the profit on the best one of the three lots not receiving alfalfa.
3. Cold pressed cottonseed cake did not give as good results, as regards either rate of gain or economy …

Pork Production (Popular Edition), W. P. Snyder, E. A. Burnett

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This is the shorter or "popular" edition.

Contents:
Introduction
Wintering old brood sows
Wintering young brood sows
Food cost of the 50-pound pig
Pigs from old sows
Pigs from young sows
Cost of fall and spring pigs compared
Cost of pigs from old sows and young sows compared
Cost of growing pigs on alfalfa pasture and grain
Shorts for pigs on alfalfa pasture
Soaked or dry corn for pigs on alfalfa pasture
Five summers' record on gilts
Corn and supplementary feeds for fattening hogs:
Winter of 1911-1912
Winter of 1913-1913
Wheat and rye compared with corn for fattening hogs with …

Raising The Dairy Calf, E. G. Woodward

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

There are in Nebraska more than 600,000 dairy cows. The average period of usefulness of the dairy caw is not more than eight years. This means that to maintain the dairy herds of Nebraska at their present size between 70,000 and 80,000 heifer calves must be raised each year. To mate these cows properly with dairy bred bulls will require the rearing of about 8,000 bulls yearly. Aside from the necessity of maintaining the herds at their present size, the importance of calf raising to the Nebraska dairyman lies in the fact that this is the surest and most satisfactory …

Pork Production, W. P. Snyder, E. A. Burnett

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This is the "Limited Edition" long version.
Contents:

Introduction

Part I. Wintering brood sows:
Experiment 30. Wintering old brood sows
Table 1.-Wintering old brood sows. Record of four winters 1910-1914
Experiment 31. Wintering young brood sows
Table 2.-Wintering young brood sows. Record of five winters 1909-1914

Part II. Cost of the 50-pound pig
Experiment 32. Pigs from old sows
Table 3.-Cost of feed for producing a 50-pound pig from old sows.
Four years' record-1910-1913
Experiment 33. Pigs from young sows
Table 4.--Cost of feed for producing a 50-pound pig from young sows. Four years' record-1910-1913
Experiment 34. Fall pigs. Costs …

Soy Beans And Cowpeas, Theodore A. Kiesselbach

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

In recent years considerable interest has been manifest in Nebraska concerning soy beans and cowpeas; and numerous inquiries regarding them have come to the Experiment Station. The cowpea is regarded as a profitable crop chiefly in the cotton states, but has some importance as far north as Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. On the other hand, the soy bean is adapted primarily to the Northern States between the regions best suited for cowpeas in the South and Canada field peas in the North. The Central States in which they are most commonly grown are Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan, and …

A Handbook Of Nebraska Grasses : With Illustrated Keys For Their Identification, Together With A General Account Of Their Structure And Economic Importance, E. Mead Wilcox, George K. K. Link, Venus W. Pool

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The true grasses belong to the one family Poaceae, often called Gramineae, and constitute a very well defined natural group of plants. This family comprises upward of 3,000 species distributed among almost 300 genera. From the economic point of view the family is of supreme importance thru the fact that here belong the cereals, which supply a large part of the food of man, and the forage grasses which are so important as feed for our domesticated animals.

The genera and species are for the most part separated by artificial characters—a fact which renders their study and identification extremely difficult …

The Storage And Use Of Soil Moisture. Report Of Experimental Substation, North Platte, Nebraska, W. W. Burr

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The profitable cultivation of the non-irrigable lands in west central and western Nebraska is limited by the amount and efficient use of the precipitation. There are tracts of land in the sand hills and minor tracts of badly worn heavier soils where the need of soil fertility is becoming evident. But, in the main, the great problem at present is not one of soil fertility, but of how to get enough water to make use of the fertility now present. The rainfall of this section, which varies from an actual shortage to seldom more than a meager sufficiency, makes it …

The Inheritance Of A Recurring Somatic Variation In Variegated Ears Of Maize, R. A. Emerson

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The inheritance of variegation has special interest and importance in genetics. In this paper I shall present data from maize and attempt to show how they can be interpreted in strictly Mendelian terms.

The Inheritance Of A Recurring Somatic Variation In Variegated Ears Of Maize, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The inheritance of variegation has special interest and importance in genetics. It is with forms of variegation that the only two certainly known cases of non-Mendelian inheritance have had to do. I refer to Baur's experiments with Pelargonium, in which crosses of green-leaved and white-leaved forms exhibited somatic segregations in F₁ that bred true in later generations, and to Correns 's work with Mirabilis, which showed green and white leaf color, to be inherited through the mother only. De Vries's con- ception of "ever-sporting" varieties was apparently founded largely upon the behavior of variegated flowers in pedigree …

Multiple Factors Vs. "Golden Mean" In Size Inheritance, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Groth's preliminary note on the "golden mean" in the inheritance of sizes in SCIENCE of April 17, 1914, pp. 581-584, deserves the attention of geneticists. Its publication is of such recent date that I need only call attention to one or two points that seem to me of particular moment.

In brief, Groth's hypothesis is that the mode

of inheritance in F_l not only of surfaces and

volumes, but also of linear dimensions is to be

expressed by √ab rather than by a + b /2

where a and b are parent sizes. The hypothesis

is based upon …

Alfalfa Inoculation Tests, C. W. Pugsley

University of Nebraska Historical Extension: Bulletin

During the winter of 1909-10 an effort was made to secure cooperators among the farmers of Nebraska to test the value of inoculating newly seeded alfalfa fields. This investigation was 8uggested by reports received from correspondents during 1909. The names of farmers willing to cooperate were secured by correspondence and by conferences at the various Short Courses held during that year.

In the spring of 1910 about thirty-five farmers, located largely near Broken Bow, Cambridge, Franklin, and Blair, agreed to test the effect of cultures sent by the United States Department of Agriculture, soil from well-established alfalfa fields, and farm …

The Inheritance Of Quantitative Characters In Maize, R. A. Emerson, E. M. East

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The experiments conducted by one of the writers were begun at the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station at New Haven in 1906 and removed to the Bussey Institution of Harvard University at Forest Hills, Massachusetts, in 1909. The materials employed in this study consisted principally of crosses of Tom Thumb pop with Black Mexican sweet and of Watson flint with Leaming dent. The number of rows per ear were noted in several other crosses, the parents of which are listed later in this paper. The experiments of the other writer were begun at the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station at Lincoln in …

Growing Crops In Western Nebraska: Report Of Experimental Substation, North Platte, Nebraska, W. P. Snyder, W. W. Burr, E. A. Burnett

University of Nebraska Historical Extension: Bulletin

No abstract provided.

A Dry Rot Of The Irish Potato Tuber, E. Mead Wilcox, George K.K. Link, Venus W. Pool

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The first specimens of the dry rot herein described were received by the department of Agricultural Botany during the winter of 1907-1908 from western Nebraska. A preliminary survey of the situation showed clearly the importance of this new rot, and an exhaustive investigation of the disease was outlined and has been continued to the present time. The present publication gives the results secured to date in our investigation of this disease.

Shorter Articles And Discussion Simplified Mendelian Formulae, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

I was somewhat surprised by 'Morgan's and Castle's suggestions for a simplification of Mendelian formulae. My surprise was not occasioned so much by the forms these suggestions took as by the fact that any pronounced changes were deemed necessary. I had not only employed the usual formula in my own work but had found no difficulty worth mentioning in understanding the formula used by most other workers in Mendelian fields. My experience with students in elementary courses in genetics had not prepared me for the idea that such formula were particularly difficult. Nevertheless I believe in simplifying the formulae if …

The Possible Origin Of Mutations In Somatic Cells, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

That mutations are accompanied by some change in the germ-plasm is, I take it, indisputable. Have we, however, any reason to suppose that the change takes place within the germ cells? I am not sure, as a matter of fact, that genetists in general regard the gametes as the place of origin of mutations. It is true, however, that experiments in the artificial production of mutations in plants have been limited largely to treatments of the ovaries from about the time of the reduction division to about the time of fertilization. This suggests a belief on the part of investigators …

Shorter Articles And Reports: The Simultaneous Modification Of Distinct Mendelian Factors, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In another paper on the inheritance of a recurring somatic variation in variegated ears of maize, it was shown that the amount of red color developed in the pericarp of variegated seeds bears a definite relation to the development of color in the progeny of such seeds. The relation is such that the more color there is in the pericarp of the seeds planted the more likely are they to produce plants with wholly self-red ears and correspondingly the less likely to produce plants with variegated ears. Self-red ears thus produced behave just as if they were hybrids between self-red …

Beef Production., H. R. Smith

University of Nebraska Historical Extension: Bulletin

Contents: Part I. Comparison of Rations. Part II. Comparison of Breeds and Types.

Spraying Apple Trees

University of Nebraska Historical Extension: Bulletin

The degree of success in spraying depends almost wholly upon when the materials are put on and how they are applied. 'The two principal pests that concern Nebraska apple growers are the apple scab and the codling moth worm. There are other injurious insects and fungous diseases common to the orchard, but if the orchard is properly treated for those two the others will in a large measure be controlled.

The Unexpected Occurrence Of Aleurone Colors In F2 Of A Cross Between Non-Colored Varieties Of Maize, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Before the Mendelian methods of analysis became available, considerable wonder would doubtless have been excited by the "mysterious" appearance in F₂ of one colored grain-purple or red-to every five or six white ones in case of a maize cross, both parents and F, of which had only white grains. An occurrence of this sort has recently been noted in one of my maize cultures and the F2 numbers are explained here as a trihybrid or tetrahybrid ratio. The crosses in question were made primarily for a study of size inheritance and fairly large numbers have been grown. The varieties …

Spraying As An Essential Part Of Profitable Apple Orcharding, R. A. Emerson, R. F. Howard, V. V. Westgate

University of Nebraska Historical Extension: Bulletin

It was therefore planned from the start not merely to demonstrate the possibility of controlling apple insects and diseases but also to determine whether they could be controlled profitably. To accomplish this it was necessary to know: exactly what it cost to spray, what sprayed fruit yielded, and what it was worth in comparison with unsprayed fruit from the same orchards. In every spraying demonstration the time spent in mixing and applying the materials and the quantity of material used were recorded. The cost of labor of men and teams per hour was taken at the orchard owners' estimates and …

Discussion And Correspondence Coupling Vs. Random Segregation, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

To the editor of science: The suggestion offered by Morgan, in SCIENCE of September 22, to account for the coupling and repulsion of factors for various characters in inheritance in such forms as Abraxas, Drosophila, fowls, sweet peas, etc., incites this note.

Briefly Morgan's hypothesis is (1) that the materials representing factors that couple are "near together in a linear series" in the chromosomes; (2) that, when pairs of parental chromosomes conjugate, "like regions stand opposed "; (3) that "homologous chromosomes twist around each other," but that the separation of chromosomes is in a single "plane"; (4) that, thereby the …