Agriculture Commons^™

Evaluation Of Phytochemical Composition And Anti-Cancer Potential In Root Extracts Of Moringa Peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori, Salama Khamis Sultan Saeed Al Kaabi

Theses

Natural products provide many bioactive lead molecules for the discovery of new medicines. Naturally, derived phytochemicals have exhibited tremendous biological activities including anticancer activity. More than 60% of antitumor medicines are closely associated with natural products. In the present study, hexane, chloroform, acetone and, methanol extracts from roots of Moringa peregrina were screened for phytochemical analysis and anticancer activity. Phytochemical analysis was performed by Gas Chromatography and Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The anticancer potential of the extracts was done on the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and cell viability was measured using WST-1 Cell Proliferation Assay Kit. The cell line …

Modeling Of Energy Consumption Of Cucumber Greenhouses Usingartificial Neural Network And Anfis, Zahra Ebrahimpour, Vali Sharabiani, Ebrahim Taghinezhad

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

Optimal use of energy is a key requirement for sustainable agriculture. However, the growing demand for food has increased the energy consumption of the agricultural sector. Since the agricultural sector is the main sector of energy conversion, we focused on evaluating the efficiency of cucumber greenhouses in East Azerbaijan Province by artificial neural network and ANFIS. So, 135 cucumber producing greenhouses were sampled, and data were collected with an interview questionnaire. Finally, the inputs and output energy, the energy indices and the energy consumption of cucumber greenhouse was assessed and modeled. Among the inputs, fuel and seed had the highest …

Chemical Characterization Of Trichoderma Reesei Degraded Date Pits And Its Effect On Growth Performance And Intestinal Bacterial Population And Antioxidant Status - A Comparative Study With Mannose And Mannan-Oligosaccharide On Broiler, Salem Rashed Ali Rashed Al Yileili

Dissertations

With the increasing apprehension over food safety nowadays, there have been relentless efforts aiming for subrogating antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry feeds. Thus, this research study aims at investigating the potential effects of using degraded date pits (DDP) as feedstuff and as a natural alternative for antibiotics in poultry feeding. Two feeding experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, the minimum time of feeding a diet containing 10% DDP is required to induce growth-promoting effects on broiler performance. In experiment 2, the influence of feeding 10% DDP was examined as feedstuff at 10% in broilers diets and a growth-promoting agent …

Chemical Characterization Of Trichoderma Reesei Degraded Date Pits And Its Effect On Growth Performance And Intestinal Bacterial Population And Antioxidant Status - A Comparative Study With Mannose And Mannan -Oligosaccharide On Broiler, Salem Rashed Ali Rashed Al Yileili

Dissertations

With the increasing apprehension over food safety nowadays, there have been relentless efforts aiming for subrogating antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry feeds. Thus, this research study aims at investigating the potential effects of using degraded date pits (DDP) as feedstuff and as a natural alternative for antibiotics in poultry feeding. Two feeding experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, the minimum time of feeding a diet containing 10% DDP is required to induce growth-promoting effects on broiler performance. In experiment 2, the influence of feeding 10% DDP was examined as feedstuff at 10% in broilers diets and a growth-promoting agent …

Hyperspectral Imaging Evaluation Of The Freshness Of Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus), Meera Hmoud Saeed Aldhaheri

Theses

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a non-destructive analytical tool that can be used for sensing multiple attributes of foods. This thesis evaluates the application of HSI for measuring the freshness of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) in comparison with traditional seed methods. Three separate experiments were performed with 135 mushroom samples stored either in packed or unpacked conditions for 11 days. The overall results suggest that the HSI spectral region between 400 and 1000 nm is suitable for the inspection of mushroom freshness. Two distinguishing variables that aligned with physicochemical and microbiological analysis were recognized. Moisture loss was the main …

Exploration Of The Uae Native Plants For Sustainable Landscaping In Arid Region, Mubarak Mohammed S. R. Jaber Al Khaili

Philosophy Dissertations

In order to maintain sustainability for landscapes in the arid region, the use of native plants is of considerable importance, in the light of the fact that the exotic plants currently used do not resource efficient. The native plants adapted to the harsh environment of the desert ecosystem could play a critical role in this direction where the natural resources could be sustainably used. Research on evaluation and analyzes of native plant species of the UAE for potential application in landscapes have been considered. The present investigation reports the results of the exploration of native plants suited for sustainable landscape …

Functionality Assessment Of The Newly Discovered Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (Am) Fungus From Uae, Dominikia Emiratia, Laila Ahmed Al Dhaheri

Theses

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal species form symbiotic associations with the vast majority of terrestrial plants. These associations help plants to improve their water and nutrient uptake. In return, plants provide a suitable habitat for the fungi to flourish. From across the globe, approximately 300 AM fungal species have been described to date. Most recently, Dominikia emirate from UAE joined the list of known AM fungal species. It was found in Sweyhan, Abu Dhabi, associated with several plants within two different types of farming systems, namely organic and conventional. The discovery of the new species provides an opportunity for applied and …

Growth And Development Of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) In A Hydroponic System With Different Lighting Sources, Ghada Mohammed Ali Hamuda

Aridland Agriculture Theses

The goal of this study was to investigate the influences of different light systems, on growth parameters (fresh and dry weight, height and width, number of leaves and leaf area) and accumulation of chlorophylls and carotenoids of the lettuce. The marketable sensory characteristics (shape, and color) of fresh plants were also evaluated.

(Lactuca sativa crispa. “Lollo bionda”) lettuce were cultured in three levels of vertical hydroponically for 45 days under different light sources of natural light in the upper level, 60% shade light in the middle level and red (R), green (G) blue (B), provided by light-emitting diodes …

The United Arab Emirates Indigenous Essential Oil-Bearing Plants: Essential Oils Of Aerva Javanica And Cleome Amblyocarpa Grown In Sandy Soils Under Arid Conditions, Suzan Marwan Ramadan Shahin

Dissertations

Essential Oils (EOs) are expensive hydrocarbons produced exclusively by specific species in the plant’s kingdom. Nowadays, with the growing trends of a healthy lifestyle and enormous research-based discoveries, EOs became a popular, attractive topic, for both research and industry, with revenues reaching billions of dollars annually. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has rich traditional herbal medicine, associated with topical and EO-aromatherapy applications, that (in most cases) not scientifically justified nor clarified. This dissertation investigated the EO-bearing plants of the UAE, providing a databank with comprehensive knowledge for all indigenous and naturalized EO-bearing plant species of the UAE wildflowers. Also, this …

Turf Grass Sod Production Utilizing Hydroponic Systems, Raed Sameeh Raja Hussian

Aridland Agriculture Theses

Turf as a cover is a very essential component in enhancing the aesthetics and in climate modification of the landscape in arid regions. The grasses employed for turf production are cultivable grass species of the poaceae family in the class monocots. It can considerably withstand the stress of traffic and mowing provided right grass species are selected and sod production undertaken. The UAE is characterized by a bi-seasonal Mediterranean climate with high temperature and low rainfall. Like in any desert ecosystems, soils are poor in organic matter, with relatively low biological activities in UAE. In the present research, two warm …

Physiological Parameters, Isoenzymes And Hormonal Profiling In Different Varieties Of Date Palm In United Arab Emirates, Saeed Rashed Hamad Al Shamsi

Aridland Agriculture Theses

The present investigation was carried out to explore the physiological changes in early, mid and late varieties of date palms in United Arab Emirates. The concentrations of biochemicals and antioxidant compounds, activities of antioxidant enzymes with their isoenzyme profiles, endogenous phytohormone contents were studied from preflowering, flowering, and post-flowering stages. Two varieties each from early (Shaham, Khanezi), mid (Barhee, Nabthasaif) and late (Khasab, Fardh) flowering types were used in the study. The protein content was higher in early varieties in preflowering stage, but lower in other two varieties. The phenol showed an opposite trend to protein. Ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione …

Comparative Phytochemical Screening And Antioxidant Activities Of Calligonum Comosum And Calligonum Crjnitum, Khalfan Mohamed Abdulla Ai Naqbi

Theses

Medicinal plants are vital source of present day prescription and the majority of the recommended modern medications contain their subsidiaries. Calligonum comosum and Calligonum crinitum are perennial shrub plants growing in the United Arab Emirates, and are being utilized as a part of traditional medicinal system of UAE. The aims of proposed study were to evaluate and compare the phytochemical and antioxidant properties of these two plants. The extraction and fractionation were conducted by using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. The extracts were tested for their antioxidant activity. Phytochemical studies with total phenolics and flavonoid contents were …

Comparative Study Of Nutrient Uptake Between Sorghum X Drummond Ii And Cyperus Conglomeratus, A Desert Sedge Native To The Uae, Safaa Ahmed Aldhanhani

Theses

Sudan grass (Sorghum x drummondii) is commonly grown for the production of animal fodder in the UAE. Cyperus conglomeratus (locally termed ‘Thenda’) is a sedge native to the UAE, and one of the very few plants that colonize soils of shifting desert dunes. The native plant is grazed by camels, and may thus have a potential for animal feed production. While Sudan grass is a mycotrophic plant that normally lives in symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for facilitation of nutrient uptake, C. conglomeratus is a non-host to these root symbionts. In the desert sedges rhizosheaths comprising of dense coats of …

Biological Efficiency Of Recycling Organic Waste With Edible Fungi, Yusra Matar Al Shamsi

Theses

Mushrooms has been known as important cultivars for their nutritional and medicinal values, the species Pleurotus sajor caju and Calocybe indica were selected in this investigation for being used in previous studies to be grown on different lignocellulosic materials. Cultivating mushrooms on plant wastes is value-added way to produce a source of human food and is an efficient way to recycle those residues. Date palm leaf waste, date palm bunch waste and mowed turf grass waste were used as mushroom growing substrates. Date palm is the most important plant grown in the UAE and it produce tons of wastes every …

In Vitro Regeneration And Marker Assisted Evaluation Of Genetic Fidelity In Endangered Tree Species Moringa Peregrina (Forsk) Fiori, Salama Mohammed Al Dhaheri

Theses

Moringa peregrina is a native plant in the United Arab Emirates; it is called “Shua”.It is an endangered species with important nutritive and medicinal properties. It shows high adaptability to the arid condition with short germination time after irrigation. Unmanaged grazing and slow regeneration rate after browsing leads to the endangerment of the species causing erosion in biodiversity. One way to protect these rare species is by multiplying the planting material through tissue culture system and re-introducing at the habitat. Micro propagation is an in vitro method used for plant clonal multiplication under controlled condition. This technique allows conserving the …

Effect Of Substrates, Iba And Types Of Cuttings On Rooting, Salim Mohammed Ai Makhmari

Theses

Tamarix aphylla L. (Locally known as Athel) was selected for the present investigation. It is native to Middle East (which include UAE), North Africa and south Asia. The tree is drought, heat and salt tolerant. It has some traditional uses. The research leading to standardize the propagation of Tamarix aphylla L. is very rare and therefore it is not widely exploited in the urban landscaping. The present study was aimed to standardize the methodology and substrate for rapid propagation of Tamarix aphylla L. tree. The parameters studied were morphological growth parameters, chemical content, biochemical constituents and antioxidant enzymes activities in …

Examining The Growth And Performance Of The Effect Of Uv-B Radiation On United Arab Emirates Date Palm Tree (Phoenix Dactylifera), Saeedallah Abdulwali Niazwali

Theses

The stratospheric ozone depletion and elevated solar UV-B radiation have a negative effect on living life forms. UV radiation is one of the unsafe components that cause hindrance to both flora and fauna on the earth. This will have important implications for ecosystem processes and food production. The present study has been designed with primary objective of the effect of UV-B radiation on five numbers of most cultivated Emirates varieties (i.e., BARHI, FRDWT, NBTSF, FRDRD and KHD). After 4 and 8 hrs/day UVB treatment the Shoot, Root and total Plant length, Total plant fresh weight, Shoot and Root fresh and …

Effects Of Glycine Betaine On Plant Growth And Performance Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) & Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp.) Within Water Deficit Conditions, Hanan Kamal Khadouri

Theses

Managing water consumption of the crops is one of the strategies which have been adopted locally and worldwide in current trends of sustainable agriculture, in addition to the low level of water resources in UAE because of the rare precipitation, no fresh free flowing water; no rivers, lakes or streams. The present study was objective to evaluate the effects of organic exogenous Glycine Betaine on two forage crops Alfa alfa (Medicago sativa L.) & Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) within different levels of drought stress. A pot experiment was designed on completely randomized block design (CRBD) with three replicates in …

Biofilm Production By Food-Transmitted Bacteria And Their Control By Selected Nanoparticles, Mariam Al Shamsi

Dissertations

Biofilm is a population of bacteria attached to any types of surfaces and impeded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Biofilm exhibit up to 1000 fold antibiotic increased resistance to a broad range of antimicrobial agents. Several food-transmitted microorganisms are capable of forming biofilms and considered as a major source of contamination, transmission and infection. In the last few decades, nanoparticles has gained a great attention for their potential applications as antimicrobial agents. The aim of this work was to assess the biofilm formation capacity of food-transmitted bacteria under various environmental conditions and to investigate the efficacy of …

Development And Functioning Of Mycorrhizal Root Systems Under Non-Uniform Rootzone Salinity, Asha Christopher

Dissertations

Arbuscular mycorrhiza are obligate symbionts that live in association with most plant roots. The fungal mycelium extracts nutritional elements from the soil, and supplies these to plants in exchange for plant photoassimilates. The present study investigated the effects of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and nutrient uptake of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Sudan grass (Sorghum bicolor L.) exposed to topsoil salinity through a horizontal split-root set-up. Roots in the upper compartment were exposed to substrate salinity, while lower compartment roots had access to non-saline nutrient solution. Despite roots being well-colonized by mycorrhizal fungi, there was no …

Effect Of Abscisic Acid On The Growth And Development Of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa 1.) Under Varied Irrigation Regimes, Mohamed Abdulla Al Muhairi

Theses

Economically important vegetable crop lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) of family Asteraceae was selected for the present investigation. It is being cultivated in UAE due to its commercial importance. In lettuce cultivation, major problem is the requirement of large quantity of irrigation water. The present study was aimed to reduce the water consumption of lettuce cultivation, for that, a varied irrigation regime was used with the application of abscisic acid (ABA). The parameters studied were growth, photosynthetic pigments, biochemical constituents, antioxidant potential and antioxidant enzymes activities in lettuce plants under drought stress and its response to ABA under stress. Drought stress …

Studies On The Initial Stage Of Lipid Oxidation In Bulk Oils, Elizabeth Budilarto

Dissertations

During the oxidation of bulk oils, oxidation products (i.e. peroxide values, conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) are formed gradually and increased sharply at the end of the induction period. Tocopherols were consumed, some water was formed, and micelles increased in size during the induction period of vegetable oils oxidized in bulk. The evidence that the evolution of micellar size was in parallel with the end of induction period corroborates the recognition that micelles are the active site of oxidation. The interactions of α-tocopherol and three synergists: ascorbyl palmitate, phosphatidylcholine and L-lysine were studied in cod liver oil, to …

The Suitability Of Ground Date (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Pits And Ghaf (Prosopis Cineraria L.) Pods As Horticultural Growth Media Or Soil Amendments, Saeed Khalifa Alshaali

Theses

The UAE and its neighboring countries are encountering scarcity of water resources and soil degradation due to salinization. The current over-exploitation of aquifers by the agricultural sector is a major concern for the government. Open field production of forage as a feed for camels, cows and small ruminants requires particularly high amounts of irrigation water. Greenhouse production of fodder might save water, but would require a suitable growth substrate that is readily available in the UAE, and ideally constitutes a palatable fodder itself. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of ground D.pits and G.pods as growth …