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2018

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Articles 12211 - 12240 of 12524

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Is Superiority A Necessary Aspect Of Cruelty?, William H. Edmondson Jan 2018

Is Superiority A Necessary Aspect Of Cruelty?, William H. Edmondson

Animal Sentience

Chapman & Huffman argue that humans inflict cruelty without apparent concern because of their categorization of the victims as inferior. The supposed inferiority of non-human animals can be argued against on the basis of documentation and analysis of behaviour. Humans continue to inflict cruelty on their own and other species. It is not obvious that a sense of superiority is a necessary aspect of cruel behaviour. Nor is it obvious that further enlightenment regarding the cognitive status of non-humans will diminish cruelty.

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What Sets Us Apart Could Be Our Salvation, Anne Fawcett, Paul Mcgreevy Jan 2018

What Sets Us Apart Could Be Our Salvation, Anne Fawcett, Paul Mcgreevy

Animal Sentience

We agree with Chapman & Huffman that human capacities are often assumed to be unique — or attempts are made to demonstrate uniqueness scientifically — in order to justify the exploitation of animals and ecosystems. To extend the argument that human exceptionalism is against our interests, we recommend adopting the One Welfare framework, according to which animal welfare, environmental sustainability and human wellbeing are inseparably linked. Let us distinguish ourselves from other animals by resisting our short- and mid-term Darwinian inclinations, consuming less, reproducing less, and striving for a much longer-term biological fitness for us all.

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2018 Weed Science Research Report – Pink Section, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences Jan 2018

2018 Weed Science Research Report – Pink Section, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences

Plant Sciences Weed Science Reports

The Weed Science team at North Dakota State University conduct field research in the State of North Dakota. This specific document reports on field research conducted in 2018. It includes work on the effects of droplet size on Canada thistle control in North Dakota.

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2018 Weed Science Research Report – White Section, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences Jan 2018

2018 Weed Science Research Report – White Section, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences

Plant Sciences Weed Science Reports

The Weed Science team at North Dakota State University conduct field research in the State of North Dakota. This specific document provides environmental, indexes, abbreviations and collaborators in 2018.

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Vascular Plants Of Bear Valley (Colusa County, California), James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

Vascular Plants Of Bear Valley (Colusa County, California), James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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California Vascular Plants: Are Some Of Them Still Out There?, James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

California Vascular Plants: Are Some Of Them Still Out There?, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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California Vascular Plants: A Numerical Conspectus At The Family Level, James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

California Vascular Plants: A Numerical Conspectus At The Family Level, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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Checklist Of The Vascular Plants Of The Walker Ridge And Bear Valley Area, Lake And Colusa Counties, James P. Smith Jr. Jan 2018

Checklist Of The Vascular Plants Of The Walker Ridge And Bear Valley Area, Lake And Colusa Counties, James P. Smith Jr.

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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Vascular Plants Of Cook And Green Pass, Siskiyou County, James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

Vascular Plants Of Cook And Green Pass, Siskiyou County, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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The Ferns, Conifers, And Flowering Plants Of The Arcata Marsh & Wildlife Sanctuary, James P. Smith Jr. Jan 2018

The Ferns, Conifers, And Flowering Plants Of The Arcata Marsh & Wildlife Sanctuary, James P. Smith Jr.

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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The Herbarium, James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

The Herbarium, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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Albert Spear Hitchcock, James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

Albert Spear Hitchcock, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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Sir Joseph Banks, James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

Sir Joseph Banks, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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Carl Linnaeus: A Timeline, James P. Smith Jr Jan 2018

Carl Linnaeus: A Timeline, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

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Preparation And Antimicrobial Activity Of Caprylic Acid Emulsion For Food Coating, Raweewan Bunyovimonnat Jan 2018

Preparation And Antimicrobial Activity Of Caprylic Acid Emulsion For Food Coating, Raweewan Bunyovimonnat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Antimicrobial food coating is the interesting method for food preservation, especially in fruits and vegetables. Previous studies have been reported that the caprylic acid had the antimicrobial activity against a variety of microorganisms. However, little research has been conducted on the use of caprylic acid in the form of food coatings. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the caprylic acid emulsion preparation and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the emulsion, including the effect of food coatings with caprylic acid emulsion on physical properties and microbial growth inhibition. Emulsions containing 4% w/v caprylic acid (oil) and …

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Development And Screening Of Chalcones Against Cancer Protein Targets Using In Silico And In Vitro Techniques, Kanyani Sangpheak Jan 2018

Development And Screening Of Chalcones Against Cancer Protein Targets Using In Silico And In Vitro Techniques, Kanyani Sangpheak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Targeted cancer therapy has become one of high potential cancer treatments. Human topoisomerase IIα (hTopoIIα) and Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) are proteins that play important roles on cell cycle. The hTopoIIα catalyzes the cleavage and rejoining of double-stranded DNA while EGFR function on cell signaling. Thus, the two proteins have been suggested as molecular target for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. A series of 47 chalcone derivatives was screened against hTopoIIα and EGFR-TK by in silico and in vitro techniques. Chalcone 3d showed a high cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 10.8, 3.2 and 21.1 µM against …

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Extraction Of Spent Green Tea Leaves As Bioactive-Compound Source, Monsichar Yannarat Jan 2018

Extraction Of Spent Green Tea Leaves As Bioactive-Compound Source, Monsichar Yannarat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Spent green tea leaves (SGTL) are a major contributor to the high cost of commercial tea products because of the large amount of leftover and the cost of disposal. This research investigates on the solvent and time for the extraction of SGTL that provides good yield of potential compound and to separate bioactive compounds as enrich-fractions and pure compounds. The obtained fractions were evaluated for antioxidant, antityrosinase, anticholinesterase and plant growth regulator activities. Caffeine was found in all samples. Among five extracts, the dichloromethane extract revealed high caffeine content (92.8 %peak area), while the methanol extract showed the highest five-catechin …

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Production Of 1, 12- Dodecanedioic Acid By Recombinant Microbial Cytochrome P450 In Pichia Pastoris And Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Phawadee Buathong Jan 2018

Production Of 1, 12- Dodecanedioic Acid By Recombinant Microbial Cytochrome P450 In Pichia Pastoris And Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Phawadee Buathong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

1,12-Dodecanedioic acid (DDA) is a primary compound which is used as an intermediate precursor for production of valuable chemical products. Biosynthesis of 1,12-DDA by recombinant (r) microorganisms can be used as an alternative method to compensate several disadvantages from chemical synthesis. The purpose of this study was to clone a CYP52A17 from Candida tropicalis to produce cytochrome P450 which can terminally oxidize fatty acids to hydroxy-fatty acids and further to dicarboxylic acids (ω-oxidation). The wild type rCYP52A17 and its engineered L261S/L490S (leucine changed to encode for serine) form (rCYP52A17mut) were expressed in Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae which coexpressing the …

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Characterization Of Pmspӓtzle And Spipm5 From Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus Monodon, Sittichai Boonrawd Jan 2018

Characterization Of Pmspӓtzle And Spipm5 From Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus Monodon, Sittichai Boonrawd

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Humoral response proteins in shrimp, antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) and proteinase inhibitors, are implicated in host defenses against the pathogen infection because their expression is changed in response to microbial infection. After the pathogen infection in shrimp, the Spätzle protein is synthesized and activated the pathogenic signaling via Toll pathway by its active protein for the synthesis of AMPs. In this study, three PmSpätzle isoforms, PmSpz1, 2 and 3 genes, were identified in Penaeus monodon. The PmSpz1 gene was chosen for studied in details. Its gene was expressed in all shrimp tissues tested and in response to WSSV infection. Western blot …

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Optimization Of Protein Hydrolysate Preparation And Their Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity From Shiitake Mushrooms Lentinula Sp., Supawee Paisansak Jan 2018

Optimization Of Protein Hydrolysate Preparation And Their Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity From Shiitake Mushrooms Lentinula Sp., Supawee Paisansak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) is a key enzyme involved in regulating blood pressure. ACE converts angiotensin-I into angiotensin-II, which results in raised blood pressure. Inhibition of ACE leads to a decreased concentration of angiotensin-II and lowering of blood pressure. Food protein-derived ACE inhibitory peptides are considered to be a safer alternative to antihypertensive drugs. Shiitake mushrooms, one of the most consumed mushrooms in Thailand, are recognized as a nutritive food with health-stimulating properties. The aim of this study was to optimize the preparation of a shiitake-protein hydrolysate and investigate the ACE inhibitory activity of the hydrosylate. Shiitake mushrooms were hydrolyzed …

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Glycation And Α-Glucosidase Inhibitors From Boesenbergia Rotunda And Lansium Parasiticum, Thammatee Potipiranun Jan 2018

Glycation And Α-Glucosidase Inhibitors From Boesenbergia Rotunda And Lansium Parasiticum, Thammatee Potipiranun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Glycation is spontaneous non-enzymatic reaction between protein and glycation precursors; methylglyoxal (MG) that initially yields advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which ultimately trigger to several severe complications. Therefore, the inhibition of AGEs formation is the imperative approach for alleviating diabetic complications. Moreover, one of typical diabetic therapy is α-glucosidase inhibition to reduce glucose level in bloodstream. Therefore, this research aims to study bioactivity and mechanism of natural products to inhibit glycation and α-glucosidase. From preliminary study of some phenolic compounds, flavanones from fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) could inhibit glycation. The dichloromethane extract of fingerroot afforded three flavanones (pinocembrin, pinostrobin, and alpinetin), two …

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Flowering Phenology And Pollination Biology Of Ceropegia Thailandica Meve And Ceropegia Suddeei Kidyoo, Chayanin Kraithep Jan 2018

Flowering Phenology And Pollination Biology Of Ceropegia Thailandica Meve And Ceropegia Suddeei Kidyoo, Chayanin Kraithep

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The flowers of the genus Ceropegia have complex structures that involve in pollination mechanism. These structres gynostegium, pollinarium and corona. Moreover, the corolla tube which is inflated at base and the corolla lobes are connate only at tip forming a cage-like structure functions as a trap. When pollinators are attracted to flower, they could be temporarily trapped inside the flower. From previous studies, there are about 18 species in Thailand. Most Thai species have flowers characterized by a long narrow corolla lobe with distinct inflated basal portion. However, some species have a short corolla tube, such as C. thailandica Meve. …

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Taxonomic Revision And Pollination Biology Of Orchid Genera Crepidium Blume And Dienia Lindl. (Malaxidinae, Orchidaceae) In Thailand, Anchalee Nuammee Jan 2018

Taxonomic Revision And Pollination Biology Of Orchid Genera Crepidium Blume And Dienia Lindl. (Malaxidinae, Orchidaceae) In Thailand, Anchalee Nuammee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The terrestrial orchid Crepidium Blume and Dienia Lindl. in Thailand were enumerated by Gunnar Seidenfaden under Malaxis with key and drawings. Because of no species descriptions in publication, it is difficult to delimit species boundary. Moreover, recent discovery of new species results in unreliable assessment of species, therefore, the taxonomic revision of Crepidium and Dienia in Thailand should be carried out. The results indicated that the column and transversal callus on labellum are taxonomically important characters to delimit these two genera. In addition, morphological characters, i.e. stem and leaf morphology, labellum auricles, margins and number of teeth on distal margin …

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Taxonomic Revision Of The Fern Family Athyriaceae In Thailand, Puttamon Pongkai Jan 2018

Taxonomic Revision Of The Fern Family Athyriaceae In Thailand, Puttamon Pongkai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The most up-to-date account of the Athyriaceae is in Flora of Thailand. This account includes seven genera, i.e. Athyrium, Anisocampium, Cornopteris, Deparia, Diplazium, Hypodematium and Kuniwatsukia. Previously, the taxonomic relationships among genera were ambiguous and not well understood. The existing keys and descriptions are uncertain and do not include some unknown taxa. This research aims to clarify the taxonomic status of this family and its genera based on morphological, anatomical, palynological and molecular data. The results indicated that the types and shapes of frond, scale types, sorus shapes, shapes of vascular bundle and ornamentation of spores are valuable characters for …

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การสะสมของพิษอัมพาตในหอยแมลงภู่ Perna Viridis จากการกรองกิน Alexandrium Minutum ที่แยกจากบริเวณปากแม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา, ปฏิภาณ พุ่มพวง Jan 2018

การสะสมของพิษอัมพาตในหอยแมลงภู่ Perna Viridis จากการกรองกิน Alexandrium Minutum ที่แยกจากบริเวณปากแม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา, ปฏิภาณ พุ่มพวง

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Alexandrium minutum เป็นไดโนแฟลกเจลเลตที่เป็นสาเหตุของพิษอัมพาตในหอย สามารถพบการกระจายในปริมาณน้อยเป็นบางครั้งบริเวณชายฝั่งอ่าวไทย เนื่องจากบริเวณอ่าวไทยเป็นพื้นที่เลี้ยงหอยแมลงภู่ที่สำคัญของประเทศ ทำให้มีความเป็นไปได้ของการสะสมพิษอัมพาตในหอยแมลงภู่จากการกรองกิน A. minutum อย่างไรก็ตามการศึกษาการสะสมพิษอัมพาตในหอยแมลงภู่ในประเทศไทยยังมีอยู่อย่างจำกัด เพื่อให้เกิดความเข้าใจมากขึ้น จึงทำการศึกษาการสะสมพิษอัมพาตในหอยแมลงภู่ (Perna viridis) และแพลงก์ตอนพืชที่กรองแยกจากน้ำทะเลในพื้นที่เลี้ยงหอย บริเวณศรีราชา จังหวัดชลบุรี และคลองด่าน จังหวัดสมุทรปราการ ในฤดูลมมรสุมตะวันตกเฉียงใต้ และฤดูลมมรสุมตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ และการสะสมพิษอัมพาตที่ส่งผ่านจาก A. minutum ไปสู่หอยแมลงภู่ในห้องปฏิบัติการ ด้วยการให้หอยกรองกิน A. minutum อย่างต่อเนื่องเป็นเวลา 2 สัปดาห์ และในช่วงเวลากำจัดพิษ ให้หอยกรองกินแพลงก์ตอนชนิด Isochrysis sp. ซึ่งไม่สร้างสารชีวพิษเป็นเวลา 2 สัปดาห์ ทำการตรวจวัดปริมาณและองค์ประกอบพิษอัมพาตโดยเครื่อง HPLC ด้วยวิธีตรวจวัดแบบ pre-chromatographic oxidation ผลการศึกษาในพื้นที่เลี้ยงหอยแมลงภู่ ไม่พบเซลล์ของ A. minutum แต่พบปริมาณพิษอัมพาตในหอยแมลงภู่อยู่ในระดับต่ำกว่าเกณฑ์มาตรฐานสารชีวพิษกลุ่มพิษอัมพาตในหอยสองฝา การศึกษาในห้องปฏิบัติการ ใช้เซลล์ A. minutum ที่เติบโตในช่วงปลายของระยะ exponential ซึ่งมีปริมาณพิษอัมพาตอยู่ในช่วง 3.75-4.46 pgSTXeq./เซลล์ และมี GTX1,4 เป็นองค์ประกอบพิษหลักมากกว่า 90% เป็นอาหารแก่หอยแมลงภู่ ผลการทดลองพบว่าปริมาณพิษอัมพาตที่สะสมในหอยแมลงภู่ต่อตัวเพิ่มขึ้นสอดคล้องกับปริมาณ A. minutum ที่ถูกกรองกิน ปริมาณพิษอัมพาตมีค่ามากกว่าค่าควบคุมภายใน 24 ชั่วโมง และมีค่าสูงสุดในวันสุดท้ายที่กรองกิน A. minutum คือ วันที่ 14 (11.20 µg STXeq.ต่อตัว) ซึ่งมีค่าสูงกว่าระดับควบคุม 14 เท่า โดยตลอดช่วงการศึกษาพบการสะสมพิษอัมพาตมีค่าอยู่ระหว่าง 23-47% ของปริมาณที่ได้รับจากการกรองกิน ในช่วงการกำจัดพิษพบว่า ปริมาณพิษอัมพาตต่อตัวหอยลดลงอย่างรวดเร็วและต่ำกว่าค่าควบคุมภายใน 3 วัน โดยในวันสุดท้ายของการกำจัดพิษพบพิษอัมพาต 0.08% จากปริมาณที่ได้รับ นอกจากนี้ยังพบความแตกต่างของการกำจัดพิษอัมพาตที่ได้รับจาก A. minutum คือ GTX1,4 (อนุพันธ์ที่มีความเป็นพิษสูง) สามารถถูกกำจัดจากเนื้อหอยอย่างรวดเร็ว และการที่องค์ประกอบของพิษอัมพาตแต่ละชนิดมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงตลอดช่วงการทดลอง แสดงให้เห็นความสามารถของกระบวนการทางชีวเคมีของหอยในการกำจัดพิษอัมพาตออกจากร่างกาย การศึกษาครั้งนี้แสดงให้เห็นได้ว่าพิษอัมพาตจาก …

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Production And Characterization Of Cutinase From Tropical Fungi And Application With Detergent For Stain And Fuzz Removal From Spun Polyester Fabrics, Taweeporn Sooksai Jan 2018

Production And Characterization Of Cutinase From Tropical Fungi And Application With Detergent For Stain And Fuzz Removal From Spun Polyester Fabrics, Taweeporn Sooksai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Fungi were isolated from agricultural soil and plant specimens. Twenty three isolates from 44 fungal isolates were found to produce cutinase by using PCL-plate clearing assay and their cutinase activity were investigated. All the cutinase-producing fungi were cultured in liquid mineral medium (LMM) containing PCL or crude cutin extracted from papaya peels, which was a carbon source for cutinase production. Cutinase activity was assayed base on the hydrolysis of paranitrophenyl butarate (p-NPB). It was found that PBURU-T5 gave the highest cutinase activity. The isolate PBURU-T5 was selected for identification based on morphology together with comparative nucleotide sequencing from internal transcribed …

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Application Of Konjac Glucomannan To Encapsulate And Stabilize The Curcumin In Milk System, Afwa Hayuningtyas Jan 2018

Application Of Konjac Glucomannan To Encapsulate And Stabilize The Curcumin In Milk System, Afwa Hayuningtyas

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study investigated the influence of different concentration of konjac glucomannan (KGM) (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 % (w/v)) on the stability of curcumin emulsion in milk system containing 10%, 20%, and 30% (v/v) oil volume fraction. The data of creaming index, curcumin concentration, apparent viscosity, and color were obtained to investigate the stability of the system. Emulsions that reached the physical stability until 14 days of storage at 4ᵒC were subjected to further analysis including antioxidant, particle size, zeta potential, and bioaccessibility by the simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The result suggested that increasing KGM concentration significantly increased the viscosity of …

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Effect Of Temperature On Antioxidant Enzyme Activities And Gene Expression In Sand Worm Perinereis Quatrefagesi (Grube, 1878), Sucharat Suksai Jan 2018

Effect Of Temperature On Antioxidant Enzyme Activities And Gene Expression In Sand Worm Perinereis Quatrefagesi (Grube, 1878), Sucharat Suksai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Polychaetes is one of intertidal animals that face the fluctuations of coastal environment through time. One of important environmental factors to animals is temperature regarding to the fluctuation of temperature in intertidal environment. Human activities could also cause high changes in water temperature by high temperature discharges from urban and industries. Since global warming is still a main issue, an increase of seawater temperature about 3°C could be possible as a prediction. This study aimed to investigate effect of temperature in polychaetes Perinereis quatrefagesi at cellular level, which could be indicated by heat shock response and oxidative stress due to …

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Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of High Molecular Weight Proteins In Solution - Considerations For Sample Analysis And Data Pre-Processing, Drishya Rajan Parachalil, Brenda B. Brankin, Jennifer Mcintyre, Hugh Byrne Jan 2018

Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of High Molecular Weight Proteins In Solution - Considerations For Sample Analysis And Data Pre-Processing, Drishya Rajan Parachalil, Brenda B. Brankin, Jennifer Mcintyre, Hugh Byrne

Articles

This study explores the potential of Raman spectroscopy, coupled with multivariate regression techniques and a protein separation technique (ion exchange chromatography), to quantitatively monitor diagnostically relevant changes in high molecular weight proteins in liquid plasma. Measurement protocols to detect the imbalances in plasma proteins as an indicator of various diseases using Raman spectroscopy are optimised, such that strategic clinical applications for early stage disease diagnostics can be evaluated. In a simulated plasma protein mixture, concentrations of two proteins of identified diagnostic potential (albumin and fibrinogen) were systematically varied within physiologically relevant ranges. Scattering from the poorly soluble fibrinogen fraction is …

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Exploring The Association Of Urban Or Rural County Status And Environmental, Nutrition- And Lifestyle-Related Resources With The Efficacy Of Snap-Ed (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education) To Improve Food Security, Rebecca L. Rivera, Jennifer Dunne, Melissa K. Maulding, Qi Wang, Dennis A. Savaiano, Sharon M. Nickols-Richardson, Heather A. Eicher-Miller Jan 2018

Exploring The Association Of Urban Or Rural County Status And Environmental, Nutrition- And Lifestyle-Related Resources With The Efficacy Of Snap-Ed (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education) To Improve Food Security, Rebecca L. Rivera, Jennifer Dunne, Melissa K. Maulding, Qi Wang, Dennis A. Savaiano, Sharon M. Nickols-Richardson, Heather A. Eicher-Miller

Articles

Public Health Nutrition

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