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2016

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Articles 31 - 60 of 10231

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Cytochrome C Can Form A Well-Defined Binding Pocket For Hydrocarbons, Levi J. Mcclelland, Harmen B. Steele, Frank G. Whitby, Tung-Chung Mou, David Holley, J B. Ross, Stephen R. Sprang, Bruce E. Bowler Dec 2016

Cytochrome C Can Form A Well-Defined Binding Pocket For Hydrocarbons, Levi J. Mcclelland, Harmen B. Steele, Frank G. Whitby, Tung-Chung Mou, David Holley, J B. Ross, Stephen R. Sprang, Bruce E. Bowler

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Cytochrome c can acquire peroxidase activity when it binds to cardiolipin in mitochondrial membranes. The resulting oxygenation of cardiolipin by cytochrome c provides an early signal for the onset of apoptosis. The structure of this enzyme-substrate complex is a matter of considerable debate. We present three structures at 1.7-2.0 Å resolution of a domain-swapped dimer of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c with the detergents, CYMAL-5, CYMAL-6, and ω-undecylenyl-β-d-maltopyranoside, bound in a channel that places the hydrocarbon moieties of these detergents next to the heme. The heme is poised for peroxidase activity with water bound in place of Met80, which serves as the …

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The Replication Initiator Of The Cholera Pathogen’S Second Chromosome Shows Structural Similarity To Plasmid Initiators, Natalia Orlova, Matthew Gerding, Olha Ivashkiv, Paul Dominic B. Olinares, Brian T. Chait, Matthew K. Waldor, David Jeruzalmi Dec 2016

The Replication Initiator Of The Cholera Pathogen’S Second Chromosome Shows Structural Similarity To Plasmid Initiators, Natalia Orlova, Matthew Gerding, Olha Ivashkiv, Paul Dominic B. Olinares, Brian T. Chait, Matthew K. Waldor, David Jeruzalmi

Publications and Research

The conserved DnaA-oriC system is used to initiate replication of primary chromosomes throughout the bacterial kingdom; however, bacteria with multipartite genomes evolved distinct systems to initiate replication of secondary chromosomes. In the cholera pathogen, Vibrio cholerae, and in related species, secondary chromosome replication requires the RctB initiator protein. Here, we show that RctB consists of four domains. The structure of its central two domains resembles that of several plasmid replication initiators. RctB contains at least three DNA binding winged-helix-turn-helix motifs, and mutations within any of these severely compromise biological activity. In the structure, RctB adopts a headto- head dimeric configuration …

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Advancing Nasa’S Airmoss P-Band Radar Root Zone Soil Moisture Retrieval Algorithm Via Incorporation Of Richards’ Equation, Morteza Sadeghi, Alireza Tabatabaeenejad, Markus Tuller, Mahta Moghaddam, Scott B. Jones Dec 2016

Advancing Nasa’S Airmoss P-Band Radar Root Zone Soil Moisture Retrieval Algorithm Via Incorporation Of Richards’ Equation, Morteza Sadeghi, Alireza Tabatabaeenejad, Markus Tuller, Mahta Moghaddam, Scott B. Jones

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

P-band radar remote sensing applied during the Airborne Microwave Observatory of Subcanopy and Subsurface (AirMOSS) mission has shown great potential for estimation of root zone soil moisture. When retrieving the soil moisture profile (SMP) from P-band radar observations, a mathematical function describing the vertical moisture distribution is required. Because only a limited number of observations are available, the number of free parameters of the mathematical model must not exceed the number of observed data. For this reason, an empirical quadratic function (second order polynomial) is currently applied in the AirMOSS inversion algorithm to retrieve the SMP. The three free parameters …

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Tree Circumference Dynamics In Four Forests Characterized Using Automated Dendrometer Bands, Valentine Herrmann, Sean M. Mcmahon, Matteo Detto, James A. Lutz, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira Dec 2016

Tree Circumference Dynamics In Four Forests Characterized Using Automated Dendrometer Bands, Valentine Herrmann, Sean M. Mcmahon, Matteo Detto, James A. Lutz, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Stem diameter is one of the most commonly measured attributes of trees, forming the foundation of forest censuses and monitoring. Changes in tree stem circumference include both irreversible woody stem growth and reversible circumference changes related to water status, yet these fine-scale dynamics are rarely leveraged to understand forest ecophysiology and typically ignored in plot- or stand-scale estimates of tree growth and forest productivity. Here, we deployed automated dendrometer bands on 12–40 trees at four different forested sites—two temperate broadleaf deciduous, one temperate conifer, and one tropical broad-leaf semi-deciduous—to understand how tree circumference varies on time scales of hours to …

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A Slic-Basedsuperpixel Segmentation Method By Using Local Texture Features For Granular Image, Li Xiaoyu, Zhang Qiuju Dec 2016

A Slic-Basedsuperpixel Segmentation Method By Using Local Texture Features For Granular Image, Li Xiaoyu, Zhang Qiuju

Food and Machinery

This paper adopts SLIC-based superpixel segmentation method in the granular image detection. SLIC method segments the granular image into superpixel block which will reduce the complexity of the subsequent image processing. As SLIC superpixel segmentation method doesn’t use the texture feature in the distance calculation, the detail of the outline for the granular object is lost. This paper adopts the CRLBP local texture operator as the texture feature to improve the SLIC segmentation’s distance calculation and searches the similar pixel in circle neighborhood pixels to guarantee the processing speed. The test on cotton seed image shows that the improved SLIC …

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Study On Extraction Process And Antioxidant Activity Of Melanin From Tremella Fuciformis Residue, Shi Xuan, Yan Yu, Liang Xuming, Tan Hongjun, Yang Yong, Zhong Geng, Shi Wenjuan Dec 2016

Study On Extraction Process And Antioxidant Activity Of Melanin From Tremella Fuciformis Residue, Shi Xuan, Yan Yu, Liang Xuming, Tan Hongjun, Yang Yong, Zhong Geng, Shi Wenjuan

Food and Machinery

Melanin was extracted by alkali solution and acid extraction method with the assistance of microwave from Tremella fuciformis residue. The separation and purification was optimized. The spectral characteristics and antioxidant activities of melanin were researched. The results showed that the optimum process of extracting melanin from Tremella fuciformis residue by alkali solution and acid extraction method with the assistance of microwave were as follows: amount of extraction solvent to yield 1∶40, concentration of NaOH 1.75 mol/L, hydrolyzing time 2 h, microwave treatment time 60 s. In this condition color value of melanin extracted from Tremella fuciformis residue was 156.6, and …

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Study On Acidizing Conditions Of Acid-Induced Surimi Gel And Analysis Of Gel Properties, Wu Xuewei, Jiang Qixing, Xu Yanshun, Yu Peipei, Xia Wenshui Dec 2016

Study On Acidizing Conditions Of Acid-Induced Surimi Gel And Analysis Of Gel Properties, Wu Xuewei, Jiang Qixing, Xu Yanshun, Yu Peipei, Xia Wenshui

Food and Machinery

This research investigated the influence of setting temperature and time on the gel properties of glucono-δ-lactone (GDL)-induced surimi gel. The results showed that the acidification rate increased with the temperature increasing from 30 ℃ to 50 ℃. Consequently, the time for the gel pH to stabilize decreased which induce to the decline of gel strength and the increase of the expressible water content of GDL-induced surimi gel. It is indicated that protein subunits solubilized in various solvents revealed that the formation of GDL-induced surimi gel mainly through hydrophobic interactions and it increased with temperature. The content of total SH increased …

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Quality Assessment Of Apple Chips Based On Data Fusion Processing And Nirs Method, Guan Xiao, Rao Li, Liu Jing, Kuang Jingyun Dec 2016

Quality Assessment Of Apple Chips Based On Data Fusion Processing And Nirs Method, Guan Xiao, Rao Li, Liu Jing, Kuang Jingyun

Food and Machinery

In this study, five quality indicators, i.e. moisture, soluble solid content, total sugar content, titratable acid content and hardness, of apple chips during processing period were analyzed by analytic hierarchy process, and quality scores was obtained. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied for the prediction of quality scores of apple chips. The results showed that the correlation coefficients between predicted category variable of calibration and the measured category variable were 0.84, 0.63 and 0.89, and the root mean square error of cross validation were 0.26, 0.34 and 0.22 for each quality category, respectively. …

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Discussion On Influence Of Gear Tooth Shape On Flow Characteristic In Gear Pump, Wang Wen, Yin Yanmei, He Shanghong, Liu Guangming Dec 2016

Discussion On Influence Of Gear Tooth Shape On Flow Characteristic In Gear Pump, Wang Wen, Yin Yanmei, He Shanghong, Liu Guangming

Food and Machinery

The oil pump models with different gear tooth shapes were established and the internal flow field simulation were taken by utilizing Pumplinx. Then the characteristics of steady state flux and flow pulsation were analyzed. The results were as follows. Compared with the straight gear pump, the flow pulsation of other toothed gear pumps was much lower, although they flowed more slowly at the low and medium speeds. Especially the flow pulsation of dislocation gear pump was much lower than straight gear pump. Moreover, It decreased 27% at 1 100 r/min and 35% at 2 700 r/min comparing with the straight …

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Preparation And Thermal Properties Of Nano-Gnps As Stuffing Into The Cool Storage Phase Change Materials, Gao Maotiao, Wang Chunxu, Wu Xuehong, Wang Yanling, Su Zhen Dec 2016

Preparation And Thermal Properties Of Nano-Gnps As Stuffing Into The Cool Storage Phase Change Materials, Gao Maotiao, Wang Chunxu, Wu Xuehong, Wang Yanling, Su Zhen

Food and Machinery

Because of its good thermal property, nano-graphite (nano-GnPs) materials has became a research hotspots. The best adding amount of polyester type dispersant of dispersed system of nano-GnPsparaffin composite phase change materials (PCMs) was 2% by mechanical and chemical modification methods with nano-GnPs as stuffing. The stable uniform dispersion of composite PCMs was obtained by precipitation and separation. The adding amount of nano-graphene had no effect on the starting and termination points and peak of phase change. However, the adding amount of nano-GnPs will lower the phase change latent heat of composite PCMs in some degree. Phase change latent heat of …

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Binding And Interaction Effect Of Three Kinds Of Plant Extracts On Glycolipid Metabolism In Type Ⅱ Diabetic Mice, Zhang Jiyuan, Liu Jinfu, Xiao Ping, Liu Zixuan Dec 2016

Binding And Interaction Effect Of Three Kinds Of Plant Extracts On Glycolipid Metabolism In Type Ⅱ Diabetic Mice, Zhang Jiyuan, Liu Jinfu, Xiao Ping, Liu Zixuan

Food and Machinery

In this paper, the type II diabetes model was established and the optimal dose of the pumpkin polysaccharide, pueraria flavonoids and pu-erh theabrowns were determined by measured blood glucose. On the basis, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin (INS), insulin resistance (IR), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were also investigated. The FBG, INS, IR, HDL, LDL combined group was significantly better than the single component (P＜0.05). The results revealed that the combinations of pumpkin polysaccharide and pu-erh theabrowns, pueraria flavonoids and pu-erh theabrowns were effective. However, the pumpkin polysaccharide factorial analyses showed that the interactions of …

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Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Of Polysaccharide From Ardisia Mamillata And The Evaluation Of Its Antioxidant Activity, Shao Jinhua, Ma Yongqiang, He Fulin, Li Tao, Yang Yuxiang Dec 2016

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Of Polysaccharide From Ardisia Mamillata And The Evaluation Of Its Antioxidant Activity, Shao Jinhua, Ma Yongqiang, He Fulin, Li Tao, Yang Yuxiang

Food and Machinery

A orthogonal test was utilized to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of the polysaccharide in Ardisia mamillata based on the single-factor experiment, and its antioxidant activity was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the polysaccharide in Ardisia mamillata could be extracted best by using distilled water as the extracting agent, with the solid-liquid ratio 1∶15（g/mL）was treated , ultrasonated at 65 ℃ for 20 min, for 4 times. Thus the extracting rate of the polysaccharide from Ardisia mamillata was (3.42±0.28) mg/g. Moreover, it was also found that the polysaccharide form Ardisia mamillata possessed good antioxidant activity. It was tested that the polysaccharide …

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Preparation And Characterization Of The Powder Microcapsules Of Cashew Nut, Chen Sida, Liang Lu, Li Yuting, Yan Xiaoyan, Liu Chengmei, Zhong Yejun, Zhong Junzhen, Xiong Yang Dec 2016

Preparation And Characterization Of The Powder Microcapsules Of Cashew Nut, Chen Sida, Liang Lu, Li Yuting, Yan Xiaoyan, Liu Chengmei, Zhong Yejun, Zhong Junzhen, Xiong Yang

Food and Machinery

Cashew was used to explore its powder microcapsule, and the production methods were optimized as well as its properties and structures represented. The results showed that the emulsion stability was the best, when emulsifier ratio of single and double fat gump to sucrose ester was 1∶2. Moreover, the best emulsifier content was found to be 1.5%, and the best core wall proportion was 1∶1, with the best solid content of 25%. Basic ingredients of microcapsules consisted of proteins ( 12.94%), water (2.38%), carbohydrate （61.57%）, ash （2.45%）， and fat (20.66%). Consequently, the rate of mcrocapsule embedding rate 94.10%, with density 0.68 …

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Effect Of Ultrasonic Treatment On Phenolic Compounds, Colour And Antioxidant Activity Of Black Rice Wine, Zhang Qingan, Shi Fangfang, Wang Xi, Fan Xuehui, Zhou Baolong Dec 2016

Effect Of Ultrasonic Treatment On Phenolic Compounds, Colour And Antioxidant Activity Of Black Rice Wine, Zhang Qingan, Shi Fangfang, Wang Xi, Fan Xuehui, Zhou Baolong

Food and Machinery

The effects of ultrasound irradiation were studied on the phenolic compounds, color and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of black rice wine. The results showed that the total content of phenolic, flavonoids, anthocyanins and the scavenging capacity of hydroxyl radical for the black rice wine decreased after ultrasonic treatment, while the brightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) of wine color had some certain increasing. Furthermore, the total anthocyanins content highly correlated with the color of a* in the black rice wine under the ultrasound irradiation, which suggests that the total anthocyanins may contribute …

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The Batch Fermentation Kinetics Of Mulberry Fruit Wine, Hu Yongzheng, Li Mingyuan, Li Mei, Ding Wenwu, Kang Ling, Wang Chong, Chen Jianhua, Li Chunmei Dec 2016

The Batch Fermentation Kinetics Of Mulberry Fruit Wine, Hu Yongzheng, Li Mingyuan, Li Mei, Ding Wenwu, Kang Ling, Wang Chong, Chen Jianhua, Li Chunmei

Food and Machinery

The laws of cell growth, product formation and substrate consumption during mulberry wine fermentation were studied with mulberry juice. The kinetic models were established through Logistic model equation to fit the curves of cell growth, product formation and substrate consumption. The results showed as follows: When the initial sugar concentration was 200 g/L, the inoculation of activated yeast was 5%, and the fermentation time lasted for 100 h at 28 ℃, the residual sugar concentration of fermentation broth decreased to 3.86 g/L, the number of yeast increased to 2.83×108 CFU/mL and the ethanol concentration reached 9.01%. The models fitted …

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Effect Of Ph Value In Preparation Process On Functional Properties Of Gelatin From Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Nobilis) Scale, Sha Xiaomei, Tu Zongcai, Wand Hui, Zhang Lu, Huang Tao, Hu Zizi Dec 2016

Effect Of Ph Value In Preparation Process On Functional Properties Of Gelatin From Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Nobilis) Scale, Sha Xiaomei, Tu Zongcai, Wand Hui, Zhang Lu, Huang Tao, Hu Zizi

Food and Machinery

The effect of pH value in preparation process on proximate composition, yield and functional properties including gel strength, melting temperature and turbidity of gelatin from bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) scale was investigated. Moreover, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to evaluate the change of molecular weight distribution for fish gelatin. The results indicated that regardless of pH values in the range of 3.0~7.0 for preparation process, fish gelatin had a high quality with high protein content and low ash content. With pH value increasing, the yield of fish gelatin gradually decreased, however, turbidity showed an increased trend. When …

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Effect Of Process Conditions Ongel Properties Of Egg White Silver Carp Surimi, Wang Xixi, Lin Chao, Li Xianghong, Xu Meiyu, Huang Qun, An Fengping Dec 2016

Effect Of Process Conditions Ongel Properties Of Egg White Silver Carp Surimi, Wang Xixi, Lin Chao, Li Xianghong, Xu Meiyu, Huang Qun, An Fengping

Food and Machinery

In order to improve the quality and add the value of silver carp surimi, the effect of different process conditions such as egg white powder, rinsing, heating, and frozen storage on gel properties of egg white silver carp surimi was investigated by using the texture profile analysis. The results showed that egg white powder had significant effect on gel strength with 7.0%. Silver carp surimi made by washing two times with water and one time with 1.0% NaCl solution, however, rinsing solution with Ca2+ was inadvisable. After processed under the heating method of 2-phase, 40 ℃ hot-watering for 60 …

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Studies On Formation Of Ages By Lysine In Maillard Reaction, Li Pu, Xia Qiuqin, Liu Guimei, Lu Yongling, Lu Lishuang Dec 2016

Studies On Formation Of Ages By Lysine In Maillard Reaction, Li Pu, Xia Qiuqin, Liu Guimei, Lu Yongling, Lu Lishuang

Food and Machinery

[Purpose] The different influencing factors are investigated on producing AGEs by Lysine in Maillard reaction, and the different between single amino acid (Lysine, or Argine) -reducing and mixed Lys- Arg -reducing sugar system are compared. [Method] Fluorescence spectrometry (λex / λem =370 / 440 nm) is used to detect the amount of AGEs, the factors of sort and concentration of sugar, metal ion, temperature, pH and genistein concentration in Maillard reaction and proportion of lysine and arginine in Lys/Arg-reducing sugar system was discussed. [Result] The increasing of sugar concentration, pH, or temperature, the more amounts of AGEs was produced. Fe …

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The Preparation Of Igg Combining The Method Of Alpha Galactose Glucoside Enzyme With Saturated Ammonium Sulfate And Its Activity Research, Xiao Xueli, Zhang Zhen, Zhang Shenggui, Xu Rongrong, Di Rui, Lv Jindi, Liu Ya Dec 2016

The Preparation Of Igg Combining The Method Of Alpha Galactose Glucoside Enzyme With Saturated Ammonium Sulfate And Its Activity Research, Xiao Xueli, Zhang Zhen, Zhang Shenggui, Xu Rongrong, Di Rui, Lv Jindi, Liu Ya

Food and Machinery

The optimized preparation conditions of the concentration of IgG in yak blood after salting out of saturated ammonium sulfate by single factor experiments, including the selection of the hydrolysis time, pH, temperature and the amount of enzyme, as well as the Central Composite experiment, was investigated in this study. The activity of IgG was detected by ELISA and analyzed by using the Response Surface analysis (RSA). The results showed that the optimal concentration of IgG was 27.13 mg/mL when hydrolyzed for at 39 ℃ for 2 h, and enzymolyzed at pH 4.4,

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Effects Of Different Extrusion Conditions On Physicochemical Properties Of Potato Powder, Zhang Lilin, Zhang Yu, Zhang Hanyu Dec 2016

Effects Of Different Extrusion Conditions On Physicochemical Properties Of Potato Powder, Zhang Lilin, Zhang Yu, Zhang Hanyu

Food and Machinery

Several physicochemical properties of potato powder were studied, including the material moisture, extrusion temperature and screw speed's influence. The results indicated that with the increase of material moisture, the water-solubility, iodine blue value of potato powder decreasing, water-absorption, oil-absorption increasing, expansibility increased firstly and then decreased, which was the largest in moisture of 35%, while the gelatinization temperature decreased firstly then increased, and the peak, valley, final viscosity, gelatin increasing gradually. Thermal stability was the strongest in the moisture of 30%. With the increasing of extrusion temperature, the water-solubility, iodine blue value increased gradually, water-absorption, oil-absorption decreasing, and the expansibility …

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Research Of Volatile Components Of Lanzhou Fat-Tailed Sheep, Li Zhenzi, Yang Jutian, Qi Gaozhan, Zang Rongxin, Liu Hongna, Long Ling, Cao Xin Dec 2016

Research Of Volatile Components Of Lanzhou Fat-Tailed Sheep, Li Zhenzi, Yang Jutian, Qi Gaozhan, Zang Rongxin, Liu Hongna, Long Ling, Cao Xin

Food and Machinery

It was aimed to analyze the volatile components and key volatile components of Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep in different gender in this study, and the small fat-tail sheep were chosen as control. The results showed that Lanzhou fat-tailed wethers contained totally 80 kinds of volatile materials, while ewes had 85 kinds. Aldehydes were found the key volatile components, and the relative contents were respectively 31.110% and 22.305%. The key volatile components contained decanal, octanal, nonanal, 2, 4-nonadienal, 2-nonenal, 2,4-decadienal and (E)-2-decenal, which smelled like wax, fat, mushroom and cucumber, and wethers contained 2 more kinds aldehydes than ewes. Compared to small …

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Study On Variation Regularity And Characteristics Of Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharide In Different Mature Stage, Duan Yue, Liu Dunhua, Li Shiyao, Zhao Yuhui, Fang Xiang Dec 2016

Study On Variation Regularity And Characteristics Of Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharide In Different Mature Stage, Duan Yue, Liu Dunhua, Li Shiyao, Zhao Yuhui, Fang Xiang

Food and Machinery

Studied the change of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) in different growth periods, by using the wolfberries in different growth periods as research objects, and analyzed the LBP composition by HPLC. Taking VC as the control sample, the LBP’s activities of scavenging hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions, DPPH and ABTS were analyzed and compared in different growth periods. The rheological characteristics of LBP in different growth periods were analyzed by a rheometer. The results indicated that the monosaccharide composition of LBP was the same in different growth periods, but the monosaccharide molar ratios of the polysaccharides were significantly different. The antioxidant activity …

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Screening Of Streptococcus Used For The Fermented Walnut Mink Drink, Zhao Juanjuan, Wu Rongrong Dec 2016

Screening Of Streptococcus Used For The Fermented Walnut Mink Drink, Zhao Juanjuan, Wu Rongrong

Food and Machinery

In this study, 14 Streptococcus strains were isolated from sourdough bread, white silk mustard, pickles and cucumber sauce. Among those strains, four strains marked as HsS5, HsS6, HsS8, HsS9 could be used for the fermentation of the walnut milk after acid feature test, and they were identified as Streptococcus thermophilus through their morphologic, physiological biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence. The scores of sensory evaluation of these fermented walnut milks produced by HsS5, HsS6, HsS8, HsS9 with Lactobacillus acidophilus LA were 96, 91, 93, 86, respectively. Moreover, the contents of nine kinds of amino acid were found increased at …

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Identification Of A Strain Of High Yieldacetic Acid Bacteria From Ferment And Its Acid-Producing Characteristics, Lu Mengyao, Liu Shuliang, Hu Kaidi, Zhang Aiqing Dec 2016

Identification Of A Strain Of High Yieldacetic Acid Bacteria From Ferment And Its Acid-Producing Characteristics, Lu Mengyao, Liu Shuliang, Hu Kaidi, Zhang Aiqing

Food and Machinery

A strain of high yield acetic acid bacteria LMY-1 was isolated from 10 kinds of ferment samples by isolation and purification, the acid qualitative and quantitative screen for producing. The strain was identified as Acetobacter cibinongensis by analysis of morphology, physiological and biochemical indicators and identification of 16S rDNA. The growth and acid-producing characteristics of strain LMY-1 was studied by fruit and vegetable culture medium with apple, pear and cucumber. Results, the optimum acid temperature for strain LMY-1 was 30 ℃； In 4 mL/100 mL ethanol content, strain LMY-1 produced the highest acid amount (22.72 g/L), higher than strain CICC7015(Acetobacter …

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A Method For Predicting Tvb-N Content Of Cooked Beef Based On Hyperspectral Image, Tian Weixin, He Dandan, Yang Dong, Lu Anxiang Dec 2016

A Method For Predicting Tvb-N Content Of Cooked Beef Based On Hyperspectral Image, Tian Weixin, He Dandan, Yang Dong, Lu Anxiang

Food and Machinery

Based on the shortcomings of the traditional detection methods for meat freshness, such as time-consuming, laborious, low efficiency, loss and other defects, and put forward using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology to predict cooked beef freshness index of volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content. Firstly, the hyperspectral data of cooked beef samples were obtained by HSI system, and the black and white correction was carried out. And then, the hyperspectral data was preprocessed using the moving average smoothing and the multiple scattering corrections. Finally, the support vector regression (SVR) method was used to establish the prediction model of TVB-N content based on …

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Determination Of Acetaldehyde In Wine By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Wei Xiaoqun, Zheng Xuan, Guo Qingyuan, Ling Li, Zeng Guangfeng, Huang Jin, Cai Chun Dec 2016

Determination Of Acetaldehyde In Wine By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Wei Xiaoqun, Zheng Xuan, Guo Qingyuan, Ling Li, Zeng Guangfeng, Huang Jin, Cai Chun

Food and Machinery

A method for determination of acetaldehyde in wine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was established, in which the influence factor on the detected results were studied, such as extraction agent, desorption pH, derivatization reagents. As a result, the limit of determination (LOD) of vanillin and ethyl-vanillin was 0.12 mg/kg. linearity range was 0.2～100.0 mg/kg(R2=0.999 4), The spiked recovery was between 89.3%～113.0%, and the RSD ranged from 1.28%～9.42%(n＝6). This method was applicable for determination of acetaldehyde in wine.

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Fast Ddetermination Of Malic Acid In Greenapple By Three-Wavelength Spectrophotometry, Pang Xiangdong, Jiang Hong, Zhang Qin, Jiang Tianyan Dec 2016

Fast Ddetermination Of Malic Acid In Greenapple By Three-Wavelength Spectrophotometry, Pang Xiangdong, Jiang Hong, Zhang Qin, Jiang Tianyan

Food and Machinery

A triple wavelength spectrophotometry to measure malice acid in green apples was established in this study. The reaction between malic acid and tris-hydrochloric acid buffer solution of malachite green showed that a green ionic association complex with three positive absorption peak locating in 568 nm, 644 nm and 424 nm, respectively, could be found in visible light generated area. Moreover, the malic acid with triple wavelength spectrophotometry and its related reaction condition and absorption spectral character were investigated. The result showed that the molar absorption coefficient of performance was 5.88×104 L/(mol·cm), and the quality concentration of malic acid was found …

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Design Of Freshwater Fish Slitter By Belt-Clamp, Huang Pengfei, Tan Hequn, Zhang Chunji, Wan Peng, Nie Jie Dec 2016

Design Of Freshwater Fish Slitter By Belt-Clamp, Huang Pengfei, Tan Hequn, Zhang Chunji, Wan Peng, Nie Jie

Food and Machinery

This study is about the design and manufacture of a new belt-clamp freshwater fish slitter which is based on the research of characteristic parameters of hypophthalmichthys molitrix.. The fish slitter consists of machine frame, nip-deliver system, cutting system. The key processing parameters of fish slitter can be adjusted, such as belt spacing of nip-deliver system, belt speed, circular saw height of cutting system. The rated power is 3.7 kW, consist of 1.5 kW cutting system motor and 2.2 kW nip-deliver system motor. The final results of experiments with (1.5±0.25) kg hypophthalmichthys molitrix: The level of belt spacing has significant impact …

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Structure Improvement And Performance Optimization Of Thin-Walled Parts, Li Shaohai Dec 2016

Structure Improvement And Performance Optimization Of Thin-Walled Parts, Li Shaohai

Food and Machinery

The CAD/CAE technical was used to study structure and dynamics characteristics of thin-walled parts. Based on a type of thin-walled part, its finite element model of was set up on WorkBench platform, and some low order natural frequency and vibration mode of its structure were also calculated and analyzed. Four structure design schemes about improving dynamic characteristics of the part was established, and then an optimal structure of it was determined through calculating and analyzing its dynamic parameter. The results indicated that vibration resistance of the part could be strengthened effectively by using the cross rib structure, and it was …

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Fuzzy Pid Controller Based On Plc And Application On Hot Air Drying Chamber, Wang Pan, Hong Yuanqian, Huang Hanying, Hu Yuelai, Nie Shaowu, Zhao Siming Dec 2016

Fuzzy Pid Controller Based On Plc And Application On Hot Air Drying Chamber, Wang Pan, Hong Yuanqian, Huang Hanying, Hu Yuelai, Nie Shaowu, Zhao Siming

Food and Machinery

According to the non-linearity and large-lag phenomena in temperature and humidity in hot air drying process, conventional PID control and fuzzy control were combined using fuzzy PID control theory in the system. A Fuzzy PID controller was designed to achieve the PID parameters’ online self-tuning. Results: when the target temperature is set at 15 ℃, compared with the conventional PID control, the maximum overshoot of the hot air drying control system based on fuzzy PID control is decreased by 3 ℃, the adjustment time is reduced by 10 min and the steady state error is ± 0.5 ℃, with better …

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