Life Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Temperature And Humidity On The Bionomics Of Six African Egg Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), A. Kalyebi, W. A. Overholt, F. Schulthess, J. M. Mueke, S. Sithanantham

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The life table statistics of six native Kenyan species/strains of Trichogramma and Trichogrammatoidea were established using a factitious host Corcyra cephalonica, Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), at eight different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 28, 30, 32 and 35°C) and two humidity levels (40-50 and 70-80%). The objective was to select insects with superior attributes for augmentative release against lepidopteran pests in horticultural crops. Both temperature and humidity affected developmental time and life table parameters of the parasitoids but temperature played a more critical role. Developmental time was inversely related to temperature. The intrinsic and finite rates of increase increased with temperature …

A New Species Of Myxidium (Myxosporea: Myxidiidae), From The Western Chorus Frog, Pseudacris Triseriata Triseriata, And Blanchard's Cricket Frog, Acris Crepitans Blanchardi (Hylidae), From Eastern Nebraska: Morphology, Phylogeny, And Critical Comments On Amphibian Myxidium Taxonomy, Miloslav Jirků, Matthew G. Bolek, Christopher M. Whipps, John J. Janovy Jr., Mike L. Kent, David Modrý

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

During March 2001-April 2004, 164 adult anurans of 6 species (47 Rana blairi, 35 Rana catesbeiana, 31 Hyla chrysoscelis, 31 Pseudacris triseriata triseriata, 11 Bufo woodhousii, and 9 Acris crepitans blanchardi) from Pawnee Lake, Lancaster County, Nebraska, were surveyed for myxozoan parasites. Of these, 20 of 31 (65%) P. triseriata triseriata and 1 of 9 (11%) A. crepitans blanchardi were infected with a new species of Myxidium. Myxidium melleni n. sp. (Myxosporea) is described from the gallbladder of the western chorus frog, P. triseriata triseriata (Hylidae). This is the second species of Myxidium …

Quorum Sensing In Dimorphic Fungi: Farnesol And Beyond, Kenneth W. Nickerson, Audrey L. Atkin, Jacob M. Hornby

Papers in Microbiology

Production of farnesol by Candida albicans is the first quorum- sensing system discovered in a eukaryote (29). In C. albicans, accumulated farnesol affects both dimorphism (29, 50) and biofilm formation (62). Fungal dimorphism is defined (64) as an environmentally controlled reversible interconversion of morphology, particularly yeast and mycelial morphologies. Interest in this shift derives from the dimorphic character of many fungi that are pathogenic toward plants and animals (64). Numerous chemical and environmental parameters can shift the yeast-mycelium dimorphism, including temperature, pH, glucose levels, nitrogen source, carbon dioxide levels, transition metals, chelating agents, and inoculum size or initial cell …

Effects Of Advancing Age On Er Calcium Regulation In Rat Superior Cervical Ganglia, Conwin Kodel Vanterpool

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Intracellular calcium ([Ca²⁺]i) release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores plays an important role in cell signaling. These stores are rapidly refilled via voltage-gated calcium channels or spontaneously via store-operated calcium channels and subsequent pumping by ER Ca²⁺-ATPases. Calcium release is triggered by the activation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels and their function is in part dependent on their expression. We analyzed the [Ca²⁺]i transients in fura 2-loaded superior cervical ganglion (SCG) cells from 6, 12, 20, and 24-month-old Fischer 344 rats for their ability to rapidly and spontaneously refill. For rapid refilling, the …

Feeding Habitats Of Spring-Migrating Blackbirds In East-Central South Dakota, Richard S. Sawin, George M. Linz, William J. Bleier, H. Jeffrey Homan

The Prairie Naturalist

Between March 27 and April 21, 1998, we monitored blackbird (Icteridae) activity and habitat selection at a migratory staging area in east-central South Dakota. We used fixed-area observation points located within 20 l-km² circular plots centered on four wetland basins that were used as night roosts. Each roost was surveyed four times, with the surveys spread evenly throughout the blackbird migration. We recorded the number of blackbird flocks, flock size and composition, habitat used, and behavior (e.g., loafing and feeding). Fifty percent (n = 242) of the 482 flocks recorded in the quadrats was observed loafing in trees …

The Prairie Naturalist, Volume 38, Number 2, June 2006, Elmer J. Finck, Hilary Gillock

The Prairie Naturalist

The Prairie Naturalist (June 2006) Volume 38, Issue 2, full issue.

Feeding Habitats of Spring-Migrating Blackbirds in East-central South Dakota, by Richard S. Sawin, George M. Linz, William J. Bleier, and H. Jeffrey Homan, pages 73-84.

Brood Break-up and Juvenile Dispersal of Lesser Prairie-chicken in Kansas, by James C. Pitman , Brent E. Jamison, Christian A. Hagen, Robert J. Robel, and Roger D. Applegate, pages 74-99.

Population Biology of Pumpkinseed in Enemy Swim Lake, South Dakota, by Eric J. Weimer and Michael L. Brown, pages 101-111.

Reproductive Development in the Sicklefin Chub in the Missouri and Lower Yellowstone Rivers, by …

Effects Of Ankle Joint Cooling On Peroneal Short Latency Response, J. Ty Hopkins, Iain Hunter, Todd Mcloda

Faculty Publications

While cryotherapy has direct physiological effects on contractile tissues, the extent to which joint cooling affects the neuromuscular system is not well understood. The purpose of the study was to detect changes in ankle dynamic restraint (peroneal short latency response and muscle activity amplitude) during inversion perturbation following ankle joint cryotherapy. A 2x3 factorial design was used to compare reaction time and EMG amplitude data of treatment conditions (cryotherapy and control) across time (pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 30 min post-treatment). Thirteen healthy volunteers (age 23 ± 4 yrs, ht 1.76 ± 0.09 m, mass 78.8 ± 16.6 kg), with no history …

Steeplechase Barriers Affect Women Less Than Men, Tyler D. Bushnell, Iain Hunter

Faculty Publications

Women began contesting the 3000 m steeplechase during the 1990’s using barriers of different dimensions than men. Whenever a new event is introduced for women, consideration should be taken as to whether different technique or training methods should be utilized. This study investigated three aspects of hurdling technique: 1) Differences in the ratio of the landing step to the penultimate step between men and women around each non-water jump steeplechase barrier, 2) differences in step lengths between the four non-water jump barriers, and 3) changes in the step lengths around the barrier throughout the race. The step lengths around the …

The Role Of Cd4 T Cells In The Pathogenesis Of Murine Aids, Wen Li, William R. Green

Dartmouth Scholarship

LP-BM5, a retroviral isolate, induces a disease featuring retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency, designated murine AIDS (MAIDS). Many of the features of the LP-BM5-induced syndrome are shared with human immunodeficiency virus-induced disease. For example, CD4 T cells are critical to the development of MAIDS. In vivo depletion of CD4 T cells before LP-BM5 infection rendered genetically susceptible B6 mice MAIDS resistant. Similarly, MAIDS did not develop in B6.nude mice. However, if reconstituted with CD4 T cells, B6.nude mice develop full-blown MAIDS. Our laboratory has shown that the interaction of B and CD4 T cells that is central to MAIDS pathogenesis requires ligation of …

An Experimental Approach To Modeling The Strength Of Canine Teeth, Patricia W. Freeman, Cliff A. Lemen

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The strength of canine teeth in several carnivores is found through direct fracture experiments. The average forces required to break the canines of adult animals are coyote 1170 N, red fox 533 N, bobcat 737 N and raccoon 512 N. Stresses created in teeth at the breaking load are predicted by finite-element analysis and beam theory. The ultimate tensile stress sustainable in these teeth is 338 MPa in adult animals. The large pulp cavity in the canines of young animals significantly weakens the bases of their teeth (by about 25%), but as the animal ages the pulp cavity decreases and …

Contribution Of Natural Food Sources To Reproductive Behaviour, Fecundity And Longevity Of Ceratitis Cosyra, C. Fasciventris And C. Capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), A. Manrakhan, S. A. Lux

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The influence of food sources comprising the natural diet on the reproductive behaviour, fecundity and longevity of three African fruit flies Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), C. fasciventris (Bezzi) and C. capitata (Wiedemann) was investigated. Three natural food sources, varying in protein and sugar content, were evaluated. These included bird droppings (farm chicken), aphid honeydew and guava (Psidium guajava L.) juice. For C. fasciventris and C. capitata, flies fed on a protein-rich diet displayed higher frequency of calling, mating and oviposition than flies fed on a protein-poor diet, whilst for C. cosyra, quality of diet significantly influenced the mating behaviour of the …

Reproductive Development In The Sicklefin Chub In The Missouri And Lower Yellowstone Rivers, Douglas J. Dieterman, Eric Roberts, Patrick J. Braaten, David L. Galat

The Prairie Naturalist

We describe aspects of sicklefin chub (Macrhybopsis meeki) reproductive development from three study areas encompassing greater than 2,700 km of the Missouri and Lower Yellowstone rivers. The sicklefin chub was collected between late July and early October in 1996 and 1997. A total of 193 sicklefin chub was collected and examined for reproductive characteristics. Twenty-nine sicklefin chub were found to be reproductively mature females. Some sicklefin chub matured at age 2, but most matured at age 3 and all matured by age 4. Females first became mature at 70 to 79 mm total length (TL) in the Upper …

Nou 2006 107th Annual Meeting At Ponca State Park

Nebraska Bird Review

The 107th Annual Meeting of the NOD was held in the new Missouri River Resource and Education Center in Ponca State Park on May 19-21. Although the weather ranged from hot and windy on Friday to steady rain on Saturday morning to cool and breezy on Sunday, the 80+ attendees accumulated a list of 159 species. Warbler diversity was disappointing, but shorebirds were abundant.

On Friday evening, a program on the Galapagos Islands was presented by Dr. Paul Johnsgard, Linda Brown, Dr. Josef Kren and Allison Johnson. Each of the four recounted an aspect of their 2005 trip to the …

Spring Field Report, March-May 2006, W. Ross Silcock

Nebraska Bird Review

Introduction

As many of you know, the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) has changed some generic names and rearranged the taxonomic order for shortbirds in the expanded genus Tringa and for the terns. This Spring Report uses the new taxonomic order.

Observers (thank you, I think!) submitted a huge amount of data that I distilled for this report; I entered more than 3,500 sightings into my database, which allows for a comprehensive overview of what birds were doing this spring.

As has been the case the last few years, there were several record or near-record early arrival dates, some requiring documentation …

Paracreptotrema Blancoi N. Gen., N. Sp. (Digenea: Plagiorchiformes: Allocreadiidae) In The Olomina, Priapichthys Annectens (Osteichthyes: Poeciliidae), From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Anindo Choudhury, Gerardo Pérez Ponce De León, Daniel R. Brooks, Rita Daverdin

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A new species of allocreadiid digenean is described from Priapichthys annectens (Regan) (Osteichthyes: Poeciliidae) in the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. A new genus, Paracreptotrema is proposed to accommodate this species as well as Fellodistomum mendezi Songandares-Bernal, 1955, which was previously described from another poeciliid, Brachyrhaphis episcopi, in Panama. Paracreptotrema differs from all other nominal genera of Allocreadiidae by a combination of its symmetrical testes, restricted vitellaria, and the lack of oral lappets (muscular 'papillae') or other such appendages. Paracreptotrema blancoi n. sp. resembles Creptotrema creptotrema Travassos, Artigas and Pereira, 1928, but differs in lacking ventral oral lappets …

The Effect Of Calcium Hydroxide Pastes On Root Dentin Fracture Resistance, Kurt W. Sturz

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Calcium hydroxide is a common intracanal medicament used in the treatment of immature teeth that have been subjected to trauma or decay prior to root canal therapy. The effect of calcium hydroxide on immature root dentin is important. One area of concern is the effect that calcium hydroxide has on the fracture resistance of an immature tooth. It is the aim of this study to compare the effect of four different commercially available calcium hydroxide pastes on the fracture resistance of bovine teeth. Seventy-five freshly extracted, intact bovine incisors were prepared according to a modified Haapasalo and Orstavik technique. Each …

Membrane Organization And Multimeric Interactions Of The Aer Receptor In E. Coli, Divya Dashrathkumar Amin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Escherichia coli swims toward niches ideal for generating maximum energy by monitoring the environment with the aerotaxis sensor, Aer. This receptor has an N-terminal PAS domain, which is a sensor module present in a variety of proteins from all kingdoms of life (including humans). To date, the mechanism of signaling from a PAS sensor domain to a single signaling receiver domain has not been resolved. In Aer, the PAS sensor is separated from the signaling region by a membrane anchor. Most "transmembrane prediction" programs forecast a single membrane span for this membrane anchor, but such a topology is inconsistent our …

Effects Of Diabetes Mellitus On The Healing Of The Dental Pulp, Stuart Evan Garber

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has been implicated as a factor affecting healing. The purpose of this study was to use the healing of experimentally exposed pulps subsequent to pulp capping as a model to determine the effect of DM on healing.

Twenty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups of eleven animals each. In one group, DM was induced by injection of 70 mg/KG of streptozotocin. In the other group, the animals were injected with sterile saline. Under anesthesia with Ketamine and Xylazine, the pulps of the maxillary first molars of all rats were exposed using a 1/16 round bur under …

Factors That Influence The Blood Flow Response Of Skin To Electrical Stimulation, Abdul-Majeed Raja Al-Malty

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Female reproductive hormones, aging, global heating and local heating are factors affecting skin blood flow (SBF), but their effect on electrical stimulation (ES) has never been examined until the present investigation. To investigate female reproductive hormones, nine women (age= 25.6±3.5 years) with a normal menstrual cycle (MC) underwent ES in thermoneutral (25°±0.5°C) and warm environments (35°±0.5°C). To investigate aging, ES was applied on active young (n=15, age=32.1±8.3 years) and old (n=8, 64.5±6.2 years) groups in thermoneutral and warm environments. To investigate the effect of global and local heating, groups of 15 and 18 subjects (age= 18-40 years) experienced ES under …

The Relationship Between High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Metabolic Syndrome And Exercise, Micheline A. Vargas

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: It is well known that regular physical activity is associated with lower risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity is also considered an important determinant of metabolic syndrome. All levels of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are thought to involve inflammation. Physical activity may reduce risk, at least in part, by modifying the inflammatory process. Recent studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between inflammatory markers, such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and physical activity. Elevated hs-CRP appears to be an independent predictor of both CVD and diabetes. Recent evidence also suggests that …

Education In The Environment: A Hands-On Student Research And Outdoor Learning Experience: Quarterly Progress Report, Period Ending May 31, 2006, Margaret N. Rees

Reports (PLI Education)

During the past three months, the focus of the university’s efforts has included the following highlights:

• Forever Earth was scheduled for 18 days and benefited more than 400 individuals.
• Curricula for 5th, 6th, and 7th grades were created for the Forever Earth program; pre- and post-trip activities were also written.
• Activities for 5th and 6th grades were field tested on 7 Forever Earth trips.
• A 1000-gallon fuel donation was contributed to the Forever Earth program by Overland Petroleum Company, St. George, Utah.
• The Forever Earth marketing plan was completed.
• 12 Discover Mojave Outdoor World events were conducted for 104 participants; …

Methods And Compositions For Expressing Multiple Genes In Plants By Alternate Splicing Of A Polycistronic Message, Indu Bhushan Maiti, Somnath Bhattacharyya

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Patents

The present invention provides a method and composition for expression of multiple genes from a polycistronic message in transgenic plants using genetic elements derived from the peanut chlorotic streak caulimovirus promoter-leader sequence and antisense sequence of PC1SV ORF VII. Also provided are compositions and methods for intron-mediated enhanced and regulated expression of genes in transgenic plants.

Eutrophication In Farmington Bay, Great Salt Lake, Utah 2005 Annual Report, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Amy M. Marcarelli

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Minimally Invasive Method Of Piscine Tissue Collection And An Analysis Of Long-Term Field-Storage Conditions For Samples, James Campanella, John V. Smalley

Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: The acquisition of high-quality DNA for use in phylogenetic and molecular population genetic studies is a primary concern for evolutionary and genetic researchers. Many non-destructive DNA sampling methods have been developed and are used with a variety of taxa in applications ranging from genetic stock assessment to molecular forensics. Results: The authors have developed a field sampling method for obtaining high-quality DNA from sunfish (Lepomis) and other freshwater fish that employs a variation on the buccal swab method and results in the collection of DNA suitable for PCR amplification and polymorphism analysis. Additionally, since the circumstances of storage are …

Estimates Of Genetic Parameters And Genetic Trend For Reproduction, Weight, And Wool Characteristics Of Polypay Sheep, Kathryn J. Hanford, L. Dale Van Vleck, G.D. Snowder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective was to describe genetic parameters and genetic changes in litter sizes at birth and weaning (LB and LW, n =9081), birth weight (BW, n =11,896), weaning weight (WW, n =11,104), fleece weight and grade (FW and FG, n =8872), and staple length (SL, n =1805) of Polypay sheep. Direct heritability estimates from single-trait analyses were 0.11 for LB, 0.02 for LW, 0.17 for BW, 0.18 for WW, 0.68 for FW, 0.36 for FG, and 0.76 for SL. Estimates of direct genetic correlation were 0.40 between LB and LW, 0.57 between BW and WW, 0.65 between FW and SL, …

Source And Transport Of Terrigenous Organic Matter In The Upper Yukon River: Evidence From Isotope (��C-13, Δc-14, And ��N-15) Composition Of Dissolved, Colloidal, And Particulate Phases, Laodong Guo, Robie W. Macdonald

Faculty Publications

Natural organic matter was collected from the upper Yukon River and size fractionated into the (LMW-DOC), colloidal (COC, 1 kDa to 0.45 mu m) and particulate organic carbon (POC, > 0.45 mu m) phases for characterization of elemental (C and N) and isotopic (C-13, C-14 and N-15) composition to examine their sources and transport. Concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC) decreased from 3010 mu M in mid-May to 608 mu M in September, accompanying an increase in river water delta O-18 from the snowmelt to summer and early fall. COC was the predominant OC species, comprising, on average, 63 +/- 8% …

Semantic Empowerment Of Health Care And Life Science Applications, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Genetically Modified Foods In The International Arena: Trade Conflicts, Labeling Controversy, And The Importance Of Informed Consumer Choice, Ilona M. Deminina

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.

Performance Evaluation Of The Self-Organizing Map For Feature Extraction, Yonggang Liu, Robert H. Weisberg, Christopher N. K. Mooers

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Despite its wide applications as a tool for feature extraction, the Self‐Organizing Map (SOM) remains a black box to most meteorologists and oceanographers. This paper evaluates the feature extraction performance of the SOM by using artificial data representative of known patterns. The SOM is shown to extract the patterns of a linear progressive sine wave. Sensitivity studies are performed to ascertain the effects of the SOM tunable parameters. By adding random noise to the linear progressive wave data, it is demonstrated that the SOM extracts essential patterns from noisy data. Moreover, the SOM technique successfully chooses among multiple sets of …

Viola Rafinesquii Greene, Gordon C. Tucker

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.