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Articles 211 - 240 of 3257
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Java Buzz, Winston J. Craig
Empirical Analysis Of The Str Profiles Resulting From Conceptual Mixtures, David R. Paoletti, Travis E. Doom, Carissa M. Krane, Michael L. Raymer, Dan E. Krane
Empirical Analysis Of The Str Profiles Resulting From Conceptual Mixtures, David R. Paoletti, Travis E. Doom, Carissa M. Krane, Michael L. Raymer, Dan E. Krane
Biology Faculty Publications
Samples containing DNA from two or more individuals can be difficult to interpret. Even ascertaining the number of contributors can be challenging and associated uncertainties can have dramatic effects on the interpretation of testing results. Using an FBI genotypes dataset, containing complete genotype information from the 13 Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) loci for 959 individuals, all possible mixtures of three individuals were exhaustively and empirically computed. Allele sharing between pairs of individuals in the original dataset, a randomized dataset and datasets of generated cousins and siblings was evaluated as were the number of loci that were necessary to reliably …
The Case For Selection At Ccr5-Δ32, Pardis Sabeti, Emily C. Walsh, Stephen F. Schaffner, Patrick Varilly, Ben Fry, Holli Hutcheson, Mike Cullen, Tarjei S. Mikkelsen, Jessica Roy, Nick Patterson, Richard Cooper, David Reich, David Altshuler, Stephen J. O'Brien, Eric S. Lander
The Case For Selection At Ccr5-Δ32, Pardis Sabeti, Emily C. Walsh, Stephen F. Schaffner, Patrick Varilly, Ben Fry, Holli Hutcheson, Mike Cullen, Tarjei S. Mikkelsen, Jessica Roy, Nick Patterson, Richard Cooper, David Reich, David Altshuler, Stephen J. O'Brien, Eric S. Lander
Biology Faculty Articles
The C-C chemokine receptor 5, 32 base-pair deletion (CCR5-Δ32) allele confers strong resistance to infection by the AIDS virus HIV. Previous studies have suggested that CCR5-Δ32 arose within the past 1,000 y and rose to its present high frequency (5%–14%) in Europe as a result of strong positive selection, perhaps by such selective agents as the bubonic plague or smallpox during the Middle Ages. This hypothesis was based on several lines of evidence, including the absence of the allele outside of Europe and long-range linkage disequilibrium at the locus. We reevaluated this evidence with the benefit …
Pineywoods Native Plant Center, Nov 2005, Sfa Gardens, Stephen F. Austin State University
Pineywoods Native Plant Center, Nov 2005, Sfa Gardens, Stephen F. Austin State University
SFA Gardens Newsletters
No abstract provided.
Ecological Costs And Benefits Of Defenses In Nectar, Lynn S. Adler, Rebecca E. Irwin
Ecological Costs And Benefits Of Defenses In Nectar, Lynn S. Adler, Rebecca E. Irwin
Dartmouth Scholarship
The nectar of many plant species contains defensive compounds that have been hypothesized to benefit plants through a variety of mechanisms. However, the relationship between nectar defenses and plant fitness has not been established for any species. We experimentally manipulated gelsemine, the principal alkaloid of Carolina jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens), in nectar to determine its effect on pollinator visitation, nectar robber visitation, and male and female plant reproduction. We found that nectar robbers and most pollinators probed fewer flowers and spent less time per flower on plants with high compared to low nectar alkaloids. High alkaloids decreased the donation of fluorescent …
A Method For Testing The Host Specificity Of Ectoparasites: Give Them The Opportunity To Choose, Carlos El Esbérard, Fernanda Martins-Hatano, Emerson B. Bittencourt, David Ep Bossi, Angélica Fontes, Marcela Lareschi, Vanderlaine Menezes, Helena G. Bergallo, Donald Gettinger
A Method For Testing The Host Specificity Of Ectoparasites: Give Them The Opportunity To Choose, Carlos El Esbérard, Fernanda Martins-Hatano, Emerson B. Bittencourt, David Ep Bossi, Angélica Fontes, Marcela Lareschi, Vanderlaine Menezes, Helena G. Bergallo, Donald Gettinger
Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications
Host-choice experiments were carried out with rodent and bat ectoparasites on Ilha Grande, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We constructed experimental chambers that enclosed three different rodent or bat host species, and then introduced a selected set of ectoparasitic arthropods. When given the opportunity to choose among host species, the ectoparasites showed a strong tendency to select their primary hosts, and reject novel host species. These kinds of simple experiments can be valuable tools for assessing the ability of ectoparasites to locate and discern differences between host species, and make choices about which hosts to infest, and which hosts …
Heterotopic Glial Tissue In Tonsil: A Case Report, Nausheen Yaqoob, Zubair Ahmed, Akhtar Husain
Heterotopic Glial Tissue In Tonsil: A Case Report, Nausheen Yaqoob, Zubair Ahmed, Akhtar Husain
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
We describe a six month old boy with a mass in the left tonsil. It was present since birth and was enlarging progressively. It was completely excised. Histopathology showed a choristoma of neural origin composed of glial cells--astrocytes in a fibrillary background, and a choroid plexus. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the findings.
Metanephric Adenoma: A Rare Benign Renal Tumour, Nausheen Yaqoob, Jai Pal Paryani, Naila Kayani, Mohammad Zafar Rafique, Raziuddin Biyabani
Metanephric Adenoma: A Rare Benign Renal Tumour, Nausheen Yaqoob, Jai Pal Paryani, Naila Kayani, Mohammad Zafar Rafique, Raziuddin Biyabani
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Metanephric adenoma is a rare benign renal tumour. We are reporting one histologically proven such case in a 23 year old male from Afghanistan. He presented with severe right flank pain since 3 weeks. Nephrectomy was done and histopathology was consistent with the diagnosis of metanephric adenoma. This novel renal mass has been reported to have benign clinical course despite its symptomatic presentation and large tumour size. There is no distinguishing radiological feature with can differentiate it from malignant tumours. So far, a uniformly benign clinical course has been associated with Metanephric adenoma, but given its relatively recent identification and …
Invertebrate And Leaf Litter Dynamics In The Depauw Nature Park, Karl Koehler, Vanessa Artman
Invertebrate And Leaf Litter Dynamics In The Depauw Nature Park, Karl Koehler, Vanessa Artman
Student Research
Our study focuses on the interaction between invertebrate abundance and the decomposition of leaf litter. The decomposition of leaf litter plays a major role in the nutrient cycling process, which is critical to the health of an ecosystem (Spurr and Barnes 1980). The dynamics between invertebrates and leaf litter are of particular importance because invertebrates are good indicators of the activity of the decomposer community. Abiotic factors such as soil pH and temperature are also important influences on decomposition rates (Petersen and Luxton 1982, Seastedt 1984). Our goal was to determine the nature of this interaction. Ultimately, this information could …
Contributions Of Heterosis And Epistasis To Hybrid Fitness, Mitchell B. Cruzan
Contributions Of Heterosis And Epistasis To Hybrid Fitness, Mitchell B. Cruzan
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Early-generation hybrid fitness is difficult to interpret because heterosis can obscure the effects of hybrid breakdown. We used controlled reciprocal crosses and common garden experiments to distinguish between effects of heterosis and nuclear and cytonuclear epistasis among morphotypes and advanced-generation hybrid derivative populations in the Piriqueta caroliniana (Turneraceae) plant complex. Seed germination, growth, and sexual reproduction of first-generation hybrids, inbred parental lines, and outbred parental lines were compared under field conditions. Average vegetative performance was greater for hybrids than for inbred lines, and firstseason growth was similar for hybrids and outbred parental lines. Hybrid survival surpassed that of inbred lines …
Determining The Optimum Beef Longissimus Muscle Size For Retail Consumers, K.K. Sweeter, D.M. Wulf, R.J. Maddock
Determining The Optimum Beef Longissimus Muscle Size For Retail Consumers, K.K. Sweeter, D.M. Wulf, R.J. Maddock
Animal Science Faculty Publications
Research was conducted in two phases to determine the optimum beef LM size for retail consumers. In Phase I, 50 USDA Choice beef carcass sides were selected at a commercial packing plant and assigned to five different categories (10 sides per category) based on LM size: 61 to 68 cm2 (A), 70 to 78 cm2 (B), 80 to 90 cm2 (C), 92 to 103 cm2 (D), and 105 to 119 cm2 (E). Ribeye rolls were retrieved from all carcass sides. Steaks (2.5-cm thick; 14 per ribeye roll) were cut as needed and transported in groups of 35 steaks (seven per …
Rhamnolipids Modulate Swarming Motility Patterns Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Nicky C. Caiazza, Robert M. Q. Shanks, G. A. O'Toole
Rhamnolipids Modulate Swarming Motility Patterns Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Nicky C. Caiazza, Robert M. Q. Shanks, G. A. O'Toole
Dartmouth Scholarship
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of twitching, swimming, and swarming motility. The latter form of translocation occurs on semisolid surfaces, requires functional flagella and biosurfactant production, and results in complex motility patterns. From the point of inoculation, bacteria migrate as defined groups, referred to as tendrils, moving in a coordinated manner capable of sensing and responding to other groups of cells. We were able to show that P. aeruginosa produces extracellular factors capable of modulating tendril movement, and genetic analysis revealed that modulation of these movements was dependent on rhamnolipid biosynthesis. An rhlB mutant (deficient in mono- and dirhamnolipid production) and …
Disease Resistance Conferred By The Expression Of A Gene Encoding A Synthetic Peptide In Transgenic Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Plants, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Jeffrey W. Cary, Jesse M. Jaynes, Thomas E. Cleveland
Disease Resistance Conferred By The Expression Of A Gene Encoding A Synthetic Peptide In Transgenic Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Plants, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Jeffrey W. Cary, Jesse M. Jaynes, Thomas E. Cleveland
Faculty Articles
Fertile, transgenic cotton plants expressing the synthetic antimicrobial peptide, D4E1, were produced through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. PCR products and Southern blots confirmed integration of the D4E1 gene, while RT-PCR of cotton RNA confirmed the presence of D4E1 transcripts. In vitro assays with crude leaf protein extracts from T0 and T1 plants confirmed that D4E1 was expressed at sufficient levels to inhibit the growth of Fusarium verticillioides and Verticillium dahliae compared to extracts from negative control plants transformed with pBI-d35SΩ-uidA-nos (CGUS). Although in vitro assays did not show control of pre-germinated spores of Aspergillus flavus, bioassays with cotton …
Picture This, Gary Bentrup, Gary Wells
Picture This, Gary Bentrup, Gary Wells
United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
Despite the use of planting plans and engineering drawings. Many landowners find it difficult to conceptualize what a future conservation practice or system will actually look like on their landscape. This lack of understanding can create challenging barriers in the planning process and is exacerbated by the long-term commitment that many conservation systems require from landowners. Landowners often lament if they could only see a picture of the proposed action on their property, then they could make a decision. Fortunately, natural resource professionals have a tool called visual simulations to help address this dilemma.
Interspecies Transmission Of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions To Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri Sciureus), Richard F. Marsh, Anthony E. Kincaid, Richard A. Bessen, Jason C. Bartz
Interspecies Transmission Of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions To Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri Sciureus), Richard F. Marsh, Anthony E. Kincaid, Richard A. Bessen, Jason C. Bartz
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is an emerging prion disease of deer and elk. The risk of CWD transmission to humans following exposure to CWD-infected tissues is unknown. To assess the susceptibility of nonhuman primates to CWD, two squirrel monkeys were inoculated with brain tissue from a CWD-infected mule deer. The CWD-inoculated squirrel monkeys developed a progressive neurodegenerative disease and were euthanized at 31 and 34 months postinfection. Brain tissue from the CWD-infected squirrel monkeys contained the abnormal isoform of the prion protein, PrP-res, and displayed spongiform degeneration. This is the first reported transmission of CWD to primates.
Insect Trap: United States Patent, Hogsette Et Al.- November 2005, Jerome Hogsette, David Carlson
Insect Trap: United States Patent, Hogsette Et Al.- November 2005, Jerome Hogsette, David Carlson
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications
A safe, indoor trapping device for trapping and killing flying insects can be used in areas containing food, containing animals, for food preparation, etc. The device includes at least one removable trap body, a toxicant panel, and an insect collector.
Modulation Of Tyramine Signaling By Osmolality In An Insect Secretory Epithelium, Edward M. Blumenthal
Modulation Of Tyramine Signaling By Osmolality In An Insect Secretory Epithelium, Edward M. Blumenthal
Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications
The control of water balance in multicellular organisms depends on absorptive and secretory processes across epithelia. This study concerns the effects of osmolality on the function of the Malpighian tubules (MTs), a major component of the insect excretory system. Previous work has shown that the biogenic amine tyramine increases transepithelial chloride conductance and urine secretion in Drosophila MTs. This study demonstrates that the response of MTs to tyramine, as measured by the depolarization of the transepithelial potential (TEP), is modulated by the osmolality of the surrounding medium. An increase in osmolality caused decreased tyramine sensitivity, whereas a decrease in osmolality …
Life History Traits Of The Threatened Purple Amole (Chlorogalum Purpureum Var. Purpureum), John A. Guretzky, Elizabeth Clark, Darlene Woodbury
Life History Traits Of The Threatened Purple Amole (Chlorogalum Purpureum Var. Purpureum), John A. Guretzky, Elizabeth Clark, Darlene Woodbury
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Researchers monitored the threatened plant, purple amole (Chlorogalum purpureum var. purpureum) at Fort Hunter Liggett, California, from 1998 to 2004. The objectives of this research were to complete a statistical analysis of these data to evaluate: (1) demographics; (2) trends in population density; and (3) the relationship of purple amole to associated species, biological soil crusts, and disturbance. Overall, purple amole was most likely to flower and have greater seed production when it attained about 8 leaves or widths of 7 to 8 mm for its widest leaf, revealing a clear relationship between plant size and successful reproduction and seed …
Cattle Grazing And Tracked Vehicle Training On Central And Southwest U.S. Army Lands, John A. Guretzky, Jeffrey Fehmi, Alan Anderson
Cattle Grazing And Tracked Vehicle Training On Central And Southwest U.S. Army Lands, John A. Guretzky, Jeffrey Fehmi, Alan Anderson
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Sustainability of training lands continues to be a primary concern for natural resource managers on Army installations. Tracked vehicle training, the main disturbance of grasslands, does not occur in isolation from other land uses including cattle grazing. Yet, no documented studies exist examining the interactive effects of these activities on soils and vegetation. The objective of this research was to begin filling this knowledge gap. This report reviews the lit-erature documenting the impacts of tracked vehicle training and cattle grazing on soils and grassland plant communities and discusses potential interactive effects. Responses to tracked vehicle training generally included increased soil …
Smokejumper Obituary: Greentree, Wallace J. (Missoula 1953), National Smokejumper Association
Smokejumper Obituary: Greentree, Wallace J. (Missoula 1953), National Smokejumper Association
Smokejumper Obituaries
No abstract provided.
Influence Of Simultaneous Infestations Of Prostephanus Truncatus And Sitophilus Zeamaison The Reproductive Performance And Maize Damage, C P Rugumamu
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study examined the combined effect of Prostephanus truncatus and Sitophilus zeamais infestations on their reproductive performance and on the damage they cause to maize variety ZM 621 with 12.5% moisture content. The specific objective was to determine the number of the insect pests at F1 and F2 and the grain weight losses caused by the simultaneous pests\' infestations of shelled maize in the search for a control strategy. The results showed a change in adult insect numbers from F1 to F2. During single infestation the change in P. truncatus was 47.54% while in simultaneous infestations it was 41.66%. The …
Fish Species And Size Distribution And Abundance In Different Areas In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, A I Chande, H A Mhitu
Fish Species And Size Distribution And Abundance In Different Areas In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, A I Chande, H A Mhitu
Tanzania Journal of Science
The study was carried out to investigate fish species distribution and abundance in different areas and size structure variations according to depth in Lake Victoria, Tanzania. Data were collected using a bottom trawl net during rainy and dry seasons in 2002. The results show that there were significant differences in catch rates between rainy and dry seasons (F (12, 12) = 2.69; p < 0.05). The rainy season recorded higher catch rates (36.25 - 106.61 kg/hr) than during the dry season (14.30 - 67.90 kg/hr). The haplochromines catch rates were higher during the dry season (11.08 kg/hr) than during the rainy season (7.72 kg/hr), however, the differences were not significant (c2 = 0.60, df = 1, p > 0.05). The distribution of the fish species in different areas recorded a significant difference during the dry season (Q = 18.254, df = 8, P < 0.001), while during the rainy season the difference was not significant (Q = 10.667, df = 8, P > 0.001). Moreover, the results show that small individuals dominated in shallow waters …
Micron-Sized Polymeric Particles From Cashew Nut Shell Liquid: Influence Of Reaction Parameters On Particle Size, Ymm Makame, W Johnson, Ll Mkayula
Micron-Sized Polymeric Particles From Cashew Nut Shell Liquid: Influence Of Reaction Parameters On Particle Size, Ymm Makame, W Johnson, Ll Mkayula
Tanzania Journal of Science
Cashew nut shell liquid based polymer latexes of narrow size distribution and average particle sizes ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 µm were prepared by base catalysed emulsion polycondensation of cashew nut shell liquid of 820 centipoises viscosity with formaldehyde. The influence of emulsifier concentration, sodium hydroxide concentration and stirring rate on average particle size and size distribution was studied for the given geometry of the reactor and the stirrer. It was found that these variables have a significant effect on the particle size and particle size distribution and that average particles size can be predicted and controlled by the choice …
Distribution And Abundance Of The Edible Orchids Of The Southern Highlands Of Tanzania, Ams Nyomora
Distribution And Abundance Of The Edible Orchids Of The Southern Highlands Of Tanzania, Ams Nyomora
Tanzania Journal of Science
All orchids have showy flowers and many are therefore popular as exotic houseplants as well as contributing significantly to eco-tourism. A special attribute of some orchid genera is the production of edible tubers, an attribute that can contradict eco-tourism if harvesting is not done sustainably. Such is the case in the Southern Highlands where for example, Kitulo Plateau has been gazetted to be a National Park but where edible orchid harvesting is a serious conservation problem. Botanically, unsustainable harvesting can mean the loss of important germplasm even before some species are known to exist. A field survey was undertaken for …
Pesticide Residues In Water From Tpc Sugarcane Plantations And Environs, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania, H Hellar, Ma Kishimba
Pesticide Residues In Water From Tpc Sugarcane Plantations And Environs, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania, H Hellar, Ma Kishimba
Tanzania Journal of Science
We report herein, the analysis of water samples collected from TPC Sugarcane Plantation and its environs in Kilimanjaro region, which is the earliest intensive user of pesticides in Tanzania. A total of 50 water samples collected from 18 sampling sites between 2000 and 2001 were analyzed for pesticide residues. The organochlorines aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor epoxide, HCHs, endosulfans and DDTs were detected with mean concentrations ranging from 1.1 to 636.7 ng/l. DDT and its metabolites were the most dominant in the detected residues whereas the endosulfans were the least dominant The residues\' concentrations were higher in the sugarcane fields than in …
Comparative Analysis Of Mercury Content In Human Hair And Cosmetic Products Used In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, C P Kinabo
Comparative Analysis Of Mercury Content In Human Hair And Cosmetic Products Used In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, C P Kinabo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Total mercury (T-Hg) concentrations were analysed in human hairs and cosmetic products sold in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. The average total mercury (T-Hg) concentrations in the scalp hair of females using mercury based cosmetic creams and soaps ranged from 7.0 ± 0.4 to 880 ± 12 ppm. Highest T-Hg concentrations were found in females who work in beauty hair salons and the lowest concentrations were found among students. The average values in non-cosmetic users were found to be lower, with mercury ranging from 0.57 ± 0.07 to 8.29 ± 1.22 ppm. Analysis of cosmetic products indicated high values, ranging from …
Suppressors Of Rna Silencing Encoded By Plant Viruses And Their Role In Viral Infections, Feng Qu, Thomas Jack Morris
Suppressors Of Rna Silencing Encoded By Plant Viruses And Their Role In Viral Infections, Feng Qu, Thomas Jack Morris
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Published in FEBS Letters 579:26 (October 31, 2005), pp. 5958–5964; doi 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.08.041 Copyright © 2005 Federation of European Biochemical Societies; published by Elsevier B.V. Used by permission. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00145793
2005 Scholars And Artists Bibliography, Stephen D. Slane Dr., Michael Schwartz Library, Cleveland State University, Friends Of The Michael Schwartz Library
2005 Scholars And Artists Bibliography, Stephen D. Slane Dr., Michael Schwartz Library, Cleveland State University, Friends Of The Michael Schwartz Library
Scholars and Artists Bibliographies
This bibliography was created for the annual Friends of the Michael Schwartz Library Scholars and Artists Reception, recognizing scholarly and creative achievements of Cleveland State University faculty, staff and emeriti. Dr, Steve Slane was the guest speaker.
Influences Of Dietary Soy Isoflavones On Metabolism But Not Nociception And Stress Hormone Responses In Ovariectomized Female Rats, Edwin D. Lephart, Lihong H. Bu, Kenneth Setchell
Influences Of Dietary Soy Isoflavones On Metabolism But Not Nociception And Stress Hormone Responses In Ovariectomized Female Rats, Edwin D. Lephart, Lihong H. Bu, Kenneth Setchell
Faculty Publications
Isoflavones, the most abundant phytoestrogens in soy foods, are structurally similar to 17beta-estradiol. Few studies have examined the nociception and stress hormone responses after consumption of soy isoflavones. Methods: In this study, ovariectomized (OVX) female Long-Evans rats were fed either an isoflavone-rich diet (Phyto-600) or an isoflavone-free diet (Phyto-free). We examined the effects of soy isoflavones on metabolism by measuring body weights, food/water intake, adipose tissue weights as well as serum leptin levels. Also, circulating isoflavone levels were quantified. During chemically induced estrous, nociceptive thresholds were recorded. Then, the animals were subjected to a stressor and stress hormone levels were …
Smokejumper Obituary: Lynch, Daniel T. (North Cascades 1958), National Smokejumper Association
Smokejumper Obituary: Lynch, Daniel T. (North Cascades 1958), National Smokejumper Association
Smokejumper Obituaries
No abstract provided.