Life Sciences Commons^™

T-Cell Responses To The M3 Immune Evasion Protein Of Murid Gammaherpesvirus 68 Are Partially Protective And Induced With Lytic Antigen Kinetics, Joshua J. Obar, Douglas C. Donovan, Sarah G. Crist, Ondine Silvia, James P. Stewart, Edward J. Usherwood

Dartmouth Scholarship

DNA vaccination with the M3 gene, encoding an immune evasion molecule expressed during both the acute lytic and persistent phases of murid gammaherpesvirus 68 infection, yielded a significantly lower titer of virus in the lung than controls. The protection seen was dependent on T cells, and we mapped an epitope recognized by CD8 T cells. The immune response to this epitope follows the same kinetics as lytic cycle antigens, despite the fact that this gene is expressed in both lytic and persistent stages of infection. This has important implications for our understanding of T-cell responses to putative latency-associated gammaherpesvirus proteins …

Development Of An Expressed Sequence Tag (Est) Resource For Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.): Est Generation, Unigene Analysis, Probe Selection And Bioinformatics For A 16,000-Locus Bin-Delineated Map, G. R. Lazo, S. Chao, D. D. Hummel, H. Edwards, C. C. Crossman, N. Lui, D. E. Matthews, V. L. Carollo, D. L. Hane, F. M. You, G. E. Butler, R. E. Miller, T. J. Close, J. H. Peng, N. L. V. Lapitan, J. P. Gustafson, L. L. Qi, B. Echalier, B. S. Gill, M. Dilbirligi, H. S. Randhawa, K. S. Gill, R. A. Greene, M. E. Sorrells, E. D. Akhunov, J. Dvorak, A. M. Linkiewicz, J. Dubcovsky, K. G. Hossain, V. Kalavacharla, S. F. Kianian, A. A. Mahmoud, Miftahudin, X.-F. Ma, E. J. Conley, J. A. Anderson, M. S. Pathan, H. T. Nguyen, P. E. Mcguire, C. O. Qualset, O. D. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This report describes the rationale, approaches, organization, and resource development leading to a large-scale deletion bin map of the hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) wheat genome (Triticum aestivum L.). Accompanying reports in this issue detail results from chromosome bin-mapping of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) representing genes onto the seven homoeologous chromosome groups and a global analysis of the entire mapped wheat EST data set. Among the resources developed were the first extensive public wheat EST collection (113,220 ESTs). Described are protocols for sequencing, sequence processing, EST nomenclature, and the assembly of ESTs into contigs. These contigs plus singletons …

Field Evaluations Of Herbicides On Vegetable, Small Fruit, And Ornamental Crops, 2000, 2001, & 2002, Ron E. Talbert, Mike L. Lovelace, Eric F. Scherder, Mayank S. Malik

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Field evaluations of herbicides provide the chemical industry, governmental agencies, such as IR-4, and the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station with an evaluation of herbicide performance on small fruit, vegetable, and ornamental crops grown under Arkansas conditions. This report provides a means for disseminating information to interested private and public service weed scientists.

A Phylogeny Of Genera Of The Fish Family Nemipteridae (Percoidei) Based On The Cytochrome B Gene, Denise R. Sliter

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The species level taxonomy of the Nemipteridae is well understood but existing morphological data is insufficient to hypothesize a phylogeny of the five genera of this family of percoid fishes. Furthermore, there are three distinct and widely disparate habitat requirements within nemipterids and little is known how these evolved. Species in the genera Pentapodus, Scaevius and Scolopsis are typically found around shallow reefs. Nemipterus species are also found in shallow-water, but they inhabit strictly soft sediment bottoms. Parascolopsis is the only deep-water genus and its species are also found over soft sediments. Complete cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 base …

The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, & Modernization Act Of 2003: Are We Playing The Lottery With Healthcare Reform?, Melissa Ganz

Duke Law & Technology Review

With millions of Americans unable to cope with the rising costs of prescription drugs, and many even forced to go without health insurance, the mounting pressure on Congress to enact major healthcare reform culminated in the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, & Modernization Act of 2003. This iBrief examines this legislation, and concludes that it provides elusive benefits for seniors and merely creates a windfall for the pharmaceutical and insurance industries.

Beyond Bloodletting: Fda Gives Leeches A Medical Makeover, Carol Rados

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

In June 2004, the Food and Drug Administration cleared the first application for leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) to be used in modern medicine as medical devices. By definition, a medical device is an article intended to diagnose, cure, treat, prevent, or mitigate a disease or condition, or to affect a function or structure of the body, that does not achieve its primary effect through a chemical action and is not metabolized.

Monitoring Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Susceptibility To Carbaryl And Cucurbitacin Baits In The Areawide Management Pilot Program, Blair Siegfried, Lance J. Meinke, Srivinas Parimi, Michael E. Scharf, Timothy J. Nowatzki, X. Zhou, Laurence D. Chandler

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Area-wide pest management involves the uniform application of a pest control strategy over wide geographic areas. Therefore, these programs are likely to impose intense selective pressures, and the risk for resistance development among pest species for which area-wide management programs are implemented is likely to be high. Pilot studies for area-wide management of western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, were conducted from 1996 to 2002 at four different sites across the Corn Belt. This program used cucurbitacin baits to deliver high doses of a traditional neurotoxic insecticide (carbaryl) to individual insects while reducing the overall rate of insecticide use. …

A Morph-Specific Daily Cycle In The Rate Of Jh Biosynthesis Underlies A Morph-Specific Daily Cycle In The Hemolymph Jh Titer In A Wing-Polymorphic Cricket, Zhangwu Zhao, Anthony J. Zera

Anthony Zera Publications

A previous study documented a high amplitude, morph-specific daily cycle in the hemolymph JH titer in the wing-polymorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus. The JH titer rose and fell 10–20 fold in the flight-capable [LW(f), long-winged] morph during the late-photophase- early scotophase, while it was relatively constant during that time in the flightless (SW, short-winged) morph. In the present study we documented a dramatic morph-specific daily cycle in the in vitro rate of juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis that was tightly correlated with the hemolymph JH titer on days 5–7 of adulthood. Biosynthetic rates rose and fell 1–2 fold between the late …

New Species Of Cinclotaenia Macy, 1973 (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) From Cinclus Leucocephalus Tschudi (Passeriformes: Cinclidae) In Bolivia, Boyko B. Georgiev, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two new species of Cinclotaenia (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) are described from the small intestine of Cinclus leucocephalus (Aves: Passeriformes: Cinclidae) collected in the Yungas region of Bolivia. Cinclotaenia minuta n. sp. is characterized by possessing a minute strobila with a maximum body length of 1.58 mm, consisting of 5–10 proglottids, 19–22 rostellar hooks with lengths from 16 to 17 mm, 12–17 testes per proglottid, and eggs forming packets without filaments. Cinclotaenia boliviensis n. sp. has bandlike strobila with a length up to 26 mm with 67–74 proglittids, 22 rostellar hooks with length 39–42 mm, 43–68 testes, and eggs forming packets possessing …

Pleomorphic Liposarcoma In A Ten Year Old Child, Z Ahmed, H U. Shah, N Yaqoob, S Muzaffar

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Freshwater Wetlands Inventory Outreach Activities For The Freshwater Wetland Mitigation Inventory Of Nineteen Coastal Communities Report, New Hampshire Estuaries Project

PREP Reports & Publications

As requested by the New Hampshire Office of Energy & Planning, this is a final report of all outreach activities for the Freshwater Wetlands Inventory conducted through 2003- 2004 for the nineteen coastal communities of New Hampshire. This report includes all of the outreach activities that were conducted, the details and attendance of each presentation, and an example of the PowerPoint presentation shown at each meeting.

Performance Of Cotesia Flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) In Parasitizing Chilo Partellus (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) As Affected By Temperature And Host Stage, Nanqing Jiang, Mamoudou Sétamou, Adèle J. Ngi-Song, Charles O. Omwega

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The braconid larval parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes, is used as a biological control agent against the crambid Chilo partellus, a serious pest of cereal crops in eastern and southern Africa. We examined the survival, development parameters, and body growth patterns of the host and its parasitoid at different temperatures (22, 26, and 30°C) using third and fourth instars of Ch. partellus. For non-parasitized hosts, larval mortality tended to be highest at lowest temperature and for parasitized at third host instars only at highest temperature. Development time of Co. flavipes immatures significantly decreased with host instar and with temperature. Sex ratio of …

I Was Hungry And You Gave Me Food, Ronald Vos

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

The author begins by defining the concepts of worldview and describes the impact of three common worldviews on the issue of agriculture and holistic development. He then explains a view of reality consistent with God's revelation in Scripture but too often ignored by Christians. Lastly, he gives practical examples and identifies some implications of the worldview for agriculture, hunger, and water.

The Development Of Plasmodium Falciparum In Experimentally Infected Anopheles Gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) Under Ambient Microhabitat Temperature In Western Kenya, Bernard A. Okech, Louis C. Gouagna, Elizabeth Walczak, Ephantus W. Kabiru, John C. Beier, Guiyun Yan, John I. Githure

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The effect of microhabitat temperature variation on the early development of Plasmodium falciparum in experimentally infected Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) was studied. Batches of mosquitoes were fed artificially on gametocyteamic blood obtained from human volunteers and then held in five environmental conditions described as: (1) incubator maintained at constant temperature of 28 ± 1°C as control; (2) temperature unregulated laboratory environment; (3) screen house; (4) grass thatched mud house and (5) corrugated iron roofed mud house. Both the grass and iron roofed mud houses were real houses found in the village communities around the ICIPE Research Centre in Mbita …

Repellency Of Essential Oils Of Some Kenyan Plants Against Anopheles Gambiae, Maurice O. Omolo, Denis Okinyo, Isaiah O. Ndiege, Wilber Lwande, Ahmed Hassanali

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Five mosquito repellents have been identified from the essential oils of 6 plants growing in Kenya. These include (S)-(-)-cis-perillyl alcohol, (S)-(-)-cis-verbenol, (S)-(-)-cis-carveol, (S)-(-)-perillaldehyde, caryophyllene oxide and (S)-(-)-cis-perillyl alcohol. (S)-(-)-cis-perillyl alcohol and (S)-(-)-cis-verbenol were the most potent. Essential oils of six plants growing in Kenya were screened for repellent activities against Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. The oils of Conyza newii (Compositeae) and Plectranthus marrubioides (Labiateae) were the most repellent (RD 50 = 8.9 × 10 -5 mg cm -2, 95% CI) followed by Lippia javanica (Verbenaceae), Lippia ukambensis (Verbenaceae), Tetradenia riparia, (Iboza multiflora) (Labiateae) and Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Compositeae). Eight constituents of …

Two Species Of Synhimantus (Dispharynx) Railliet, Henry And Sisoff, 1912 (Nematoda: Acuarioidea: Acuariidae), In Passerine Birds From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Luping Zhang, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Members of 2 species of Synhimantus (Dispharynx) live under the lining of the gizzard in passerine birds from the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Synhimantus (Dispharynx) nasuta (Rudolphi, 1819) occurs in Thraupis episcopus, Turdus grayi, Caryothraustes poliogaster, Platyrinchus cancrominus, Ramphocaenus melanurus, Vermivora peregrina, and Geothlypis poliocephala. A single male, in Turdus grayi, apparently representing a new species, distinguishable from all other species of Synhimantus (Dispharynx) by having similar shaped left and right spicules, is described but not named.

Phylogeny For Species Of Haemonchus (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea): Considerations Of Their Evolutionary History And Global Biogeography Among Camelidae And Pecora (Artiodactyla), Eric P. Hoberg, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Lynda M. Gibbons

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic analysis of 25 morphological characters among the 12 species of Haemonchus resulted in one most parsimonious tree (60 steps; consistency index 5 0.67, retention index 5 0.80). Monophyly for Haemonchus was diagnosed by three unequivocal synapomorphies, including the asymmetric origin of the dorsal ray, relative size of the ventral rays, and the presence of a barb on each spicule tip. Species of Haemonchus have complex histories with respect to host and geographic associations: (1) origins in Africa with basal diversification in antelopes (H. krugeri, H. lawrencei, H. dinniki, H. horaki), (2) independent events of …

Bacterial Degradation Of Disinfection By-Products In Drinking Water, Laura Inga Fauntleroy

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Chlorine became a major disinfectant for the removal of microbial contaminants in 1914. Current water chlorination procedures yield halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as haloalkanes and haloacetic acids (HAAs), due to the reaction of chlorine with naturally occurring organic compounds. Various water utilities have observed decreased HAAs levels in maximum residence time locations (MRTLs), where they were expected to be higher. These MRTLs have low free chlorine residual and high heterotrophic bacteria plate counts. Xanthobacter autotrophicus, GJ-10, is a bacterium that has been shown to contain dehalogenase enzymes and, therefore, can biodegrade HAAs. A number of water-system bacteria were …

Strong Interactions Between Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster (Panulirus Argus) And Caribbean Reef Octopus (Octopus Briareus) In The Florida Keys, Jennifer Anne Lear

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Coexisting species may simultaneously compete for resources and interact as predator and prey, creating a strong interaction that can alter the structure of animal communities. This type of interaction potentially occurs between juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) and Caribbean reef octopus (Octopus briareus) within hard-bottom habitats in the Florida Keys, FL (USA), where octopuses may consume juvenile lobsters and also compete with them for limited crevice shelters. I conducted a series of field and mesocosm studies to investigate the nature of octopus-lobster interactions and their implications for the structure of their populations in the wild. …

Smokejumper Obituary: Smith, Walter Morris (Boise 1971), National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper Obituaries

No abstract provided.

Vegetation Exclosures In Utah: What Can They Tell Us About Long-Term Range Trends?, William A. Adair, John A. Bissonette

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Exclosures are flexible range management tools that can be used to simultaneously:

• Clarify conflicts between wild and domestic herbivores and their advocates;

• Evaluate herbivore influence on range productivity and composition;

• Monitor long-term trends and changes in range condition; and

• Identify the normal range of variation characteristic of natural plant communities.

Heritability Estimates For Carcass Traits Of Cattle: A Review, Angel Rios Utrera, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

We present estimates of heritability for carcass traits of cattle published in the scientific literature. Seventy-two papers published form 1962 to 2004, which reported estimates of heritability for carcass traits, were reviewed. The unweighted means of estimates of heritability for 14 carcass traits by slaughter end point (age, weight, and fat depth) were calculated. Among the three end points, carcass weight, backfat thickness, longissimus muscle area, and marbling score were the carcass traits with the most estimates of heritability (56≤n≤66). The averages for these traits indicate that they are similarly and moderately heritable (0.40, 0.36, 0.40, and 0.37, respectively). However, …

A Single Amino Acid Substitution In Soybean Vspα Increases Its Acid Phosphatase Activity Nearly 20-Fold, Oranuch Leelapon, Gautam Sarath, Paul E. Staswick

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] contains two proteins called vegetative storage proteins (VSPs) that function as temporary storage reserves, but are also closely related to plant acid phosphatases of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily. This study examined the biochemical basis for the relatively low catalytic activity previously reported for these VSPs. The specific activity of purified recombinant VSPα on GMP was about 40-fold lower than for a related soybean root nodule acid phosphatase (APase), which had a specific activity of 845 U mg^-1 protein. Conversion of Ser¹⁰⁶ to Asp increased VSPα activity about 20-fold. This Asp residue …

Pedogenic Factors Affecting Magnetic Susceptibility Of The Last Interglacial Palaeosol S1 In The Chinese Loess Plateau, Z.-D. Feng, H. B. Wang, C. G. Olson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The magnetic susceptibility has been used as a quantitative or semi-quantitative proxy for reconstructing the summer monsoon intensity in the Chinese Loess Plateau based on extensive studies on climatic or/and environmental mechanisms producing the magnetic susceptibility signatures. However, the precise nature of the link between past climates and the susceptibility signatures has remained uncertain primarily due to lack of our understanding in the finalizing and preserving processes of the signatures. This paper attempts to examine the reliability or acceptability of this summer monsoon proxy from non-magnetic perspectives of soil-forming processes. We chose nine sections along two transects: one across the …

Comptonia Peregrina (L.) J.M. Coult., Sean Jones

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.