Life Sciences Commons^™

Community Bat Management, Jerry D. Hassinger, Calvin M. Butchkoski, Harold S. Korber

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

When a house bat colony (primarily Myotis lucifugus) is excluded from a traditional maternity roost, surviving bats add to nearby roosts or access new roosts in other buildings. To prevent this and the potential for attendant nuisance, and to conserve bats, the Pennsylvania Game Commission recommends using one or more bat boxes to attract the displaced colony. The "standard-sized" bat box used in Pennsylvania will house up to 250 little brown bats. This reactive technique has proved useful for managing single, small colonies (<1,000 bats) in rural areas. We are, however, trying a different, proactive technique to manage large colonies or multiple colonies in a community. Newport, PA, for example, has multiple colonies in buildings within 200 meters of riparian habitat along the Juniata River. Over 7,000 bats were counted exiting a single building. To begin the process of managing these bats, the high school conservation club and town leaders were engaged and presented information about the value of bats. Programs were also presented to a school assembly and to the community. As a result, the conservation club was provided with a site at the community's water treatment plant to erect a bat condo. This site is within 1 km of at least 2 large bat colonies in old buildings. The condo is a 2.4 m square box on posts. It's 2.4 m tall with its bottom 3 m above the ground. Inside, 80 sheets of plywood provide roosting crevices for at least 2,500 bats. Supervised by the Wildlife Diversity Section of the Game Commission, the condo was built in late spring, 1999. A chain-link fence helps protect it from vandalism.

Capsaicin-Treated Seed As A Squirrel Deterrent At Birdfeeders, Paul D. Curtis, Elizabeth D. Rowland, Gwen B. Curtis, Joseph A. Dunn

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) are considered to be a pest by many bird-lovers because they take significant quantities of seed from birdfeeders. None of the available methods of protecting birdseed against squirrels is completely effective. We assessed the efficacy of treating birdseed with capsaicin oleoresin as a means of deterring squirrels. Consumption of treated and untreated whole, black-oil sunflower seed was compared by carrying out one-choice feeding trials at 3 sites near Ithaca, New York, from 11 May to 24 June 1999. The heat strength of the treated seed was 40,000 Scoville Heat Units (SHUs) (2,424 ppm) on the …

Closing - Conference Summary, James E. Miller

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Management Of Commensal Bats, Stephen C. Frantz, Brian R. Laniewicz

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

This paper reviews the basic concepts behind a comprehensive management approach to managing commensal species, and then considers how this approach is applied to bats that live within and about the built environment. Management activities should take into consideration the whole environment in which the target species is active, including the periodic changes that occur within that environment. Comprehensive management includes a clear understanding of: the biology, behavior and ecology of the species to be managed; the environment in which that species is active (especially harborage location); and the appropriate intervention methods used to manage such species. Interventions fall under …

Perceptions Of White-Tailed Deer Abundance And Management Among Hunters And Landowners In Illinois, Craig A. Miller, Paul Shelton

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

State wildlife agencies often find themselves between hunters and landowners in managing white-tailed deer. During 1999 the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) restricted archery deer harvest in a 5-county region of East-central Illinois to antlered deer only during the first month of the season. Restrictions were due to declining deer populations and increased archery harvest in the 5-county zone. Hunters in adjacent Shelby County claimed they were seeing fewer deer and lobbied both the IDNR and state legislators for inclusion in the restricted zone during the fall 2000 hunting season. We conducted a telephone survey of resident archery deer …

Suburban Goose Management: Insights From New York State, Bryan L. Swift

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) conducted studies in suburban Rockland County, New York during 1993-2000 to help local officials develop strategies to alleviate conflicts associated with local-nesting or "resident" Canada geese (Branta canadensis). Annual counts indicated a relatively stable population of approximately 2,500-3,000 resident geese in the county, far fewer than anecdotal reports suggested. Counts tended to increase in towns where there was little or no goose management, whereas numbers declined in towns with active goose management efforts (i.e., egg-addling, capture and removal, or use of border collies). Egg-addling programs did not result in immediate reduction of …

Evaluation Of Moderate And Low-Powered Lasers For Dispersing Double-Crested Cormorants From Their Night Roosts, James F. Glahn, Greg Ellis, Paul Fioranelli, Brian S. Dorr

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) is the primary avian predator on the southern catfish industry, estimated to cause $5 million in damage per year. To date, the most effective strategy for alleviating cormorant depredations in areas of intensive catfish production is coordinated dispersal of cormorant night roosts with pyrotechnics. Many of these night roosts are located in waterfowl refuges or wetland habitat leased for waterfowl hunting. Thus, there is an increasing concern about the effects of cormorant harassment efforts on waterfowl and other wildlife inhabiting these sites in cypress-swamp habitat. To address the need for a roost harassment device that …

Special Resident Canada Goose Hunting Seasons In Pennsylvania - Management Implications For Controlling Resident Canada Geese, John P. Dunn, Kevin J. Jacobs

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Special hunting seasons were first implemented in 1992 to help reduce the growth rate of Pennsylvania's rapidly expanding resident Canada goose (Branta canadensis) population. Special seasons timed to occur before and after fall migration were successful in harvesting resident and not migrant Canada geese. Since 1992, September and late season hunting opportunities have been gradually expanded to include the entire state. The special season harvest of resident Canada geese has increased from about 13,000 birds in 1992 to over 68,000 in 1999. Special hunting seasons now account for over 80% of the entire Canada goose kill in Pennsylvania. Despite the …

A History Of Wildlife Damage Management: Twelve Lessons For Today, Robert M. Timm

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The history of wildlife damage management in the United States, beginning with the roots of the federal Biological Survey, is examined. Selected lessons are drawn from history and applied to today's situation, in the hope that they will be useful to those who guide this profession in the 21st Century.

Variation Of White-Tailed Deer Home Ranges In Fragmented Urban Habitats Around Chicago, Illinois, Brian P. Piccolo, Karmen M. Hollis, Richard E. Warner, Timothy R. Van Deelen, Dwayne R. Etter, Chris Anchor

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Behavior of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has been studied extensively in refuges and agricultural regions, although little research has focused on deer in urban environments. Dramatic urbanization and development fragments habitat available for wildlife species and deer densities often exceed ecosystem carrying capacity in remnant natural areas. This may impact deer social behavior and spatial home range patterns. We radio-marked 21 female white-tailed deer in the Des Plaines and Palos Forest Preserves near Chicago, Illinois to study spatial use of deer relative to conditions in urban forest preserves. Telemetry locations were collected once per week and included both day and …

Is Translocation Effective For Reducing Raptor Strikes?, Laurence M. Schafer

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

From March 1996 to 31 December 1999, Wildlife Services (WS) personnel trapped and relocated 316 raptors from one of the nation's busiest airports: 147 American kestrels (Falco sparverius), 158 red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), 5 rough-legged hawks (Buteo lagopus), 4 peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus), 1 northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), and 1 eastern screech owl (Otus asio). On 1 January 1999, the Federal Aviation Administration sponsored a 2-year study, in conjunction with the National Wildlife Research Center and WS-Illinois, to evaluate the efficacy of raptor relocation at the airport. This study began in September 1999 and (1) monitors the post release activity …

Behavioral Observations And Physiological Implications For White-Tailed Deer Treated With Two Different Immunocontraceptives, Gary J. Killian, Lowell A. Miller

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The results of a 6-year behavioral study of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus Viginianus) treated with two immunocontraceptive vaccines, porcine zona pellucida (PZP) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) are summarized. Does were immunized late summer and early fall. In November, does were exposed to bucks and observations were made 2-3 times daily for one half hour through the end of February. Does were considered to be in estrus when they were the object of intensive sexual interest by the buck. Compared to controls, PZP-treated does had a significantly lower fawning rate and an increase in the average number of estrous cycles observed …

Bada Bang, Bada Boom: Dispersal Of Fall Migrating Cormorants To Protect Sportfish On Oneida Lake, New York, Richard B. Chipman, Milo Richmond, Justin T. Gansowski, Ken J. Preusser, Douglas L. Stang, Jeremy Coleman, Dennis Slate

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The interior population of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) continues to increase. As a result, conflicts between human interests and cormorants have intensified. The impacts of nesting, roosting, and migrating cormorants include predation at aquaculture facilities, interspecific competition with rare species including common terns (Sterna hirundo), and impacts to private property. In addition, heightened public and scientific debate regarding cormorant impacts on sportfish has accelerated the need for effective, socially acceptable methods for managing local conflicts. In 1998 and 1999, USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Services; the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; and USGS, New York Fish and Wildlife Research Cooperative …

The Use Of Border Collies In Avian And Wildlife Control Programs, Nicholas B. Carter

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Airports attract large numbers of wildlife primarily because they offer immense tracts of foraging and nesting habitats free from the threat of predation. Border collies can serve as an effective means of wildlife control in these environments by introducing a predator into the ecosystem. Many wildlife dispersal methods seek to imitate predators or the effect of predators and become increasingly ineffective as wildlife habituate to the stimuli. However, border collies are true predators, representing an actual, not perceived, threat to wildlife thereby eliminating the problems of habituation. Six airports and military bases have initiated use of border collies at their …

Renting Grain Storage Facilities, Larry Bitney, Wade Nutzman

Cornhusker Economics

Renting a grain bin from a neighbor may be the answer to a producer’s grain storage needs. Retired farmers, those who have excess storage capacity, and those who have scaled back their operations may want to generate some income from renting out their bins. In most cases the parties involved want to know, “What is a fair rental rate?”

Eucalyptus Largiflorens F. Muell., K. D. Hill, W. Cherry, A. E. Orme

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Acetaminophen, Cyclooxygenase 2, And Fever, Daniel L. Simmons, David Wagner, Kenneth Westover

Faculty Publications

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used antipyretic agents that most probably exert their antifever effect by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX)–2. Thus, COX-2–selective drugs or null mutation of the COX-2 gene reduce or prevent fever. Acetaminophen is antipyretic and analgesic, as are NSAIDs, but it lacks the anti-inflammatory and anticoagulatory properties of these drugs. This has led to the speculation that a COX variant exists that is inhibitable by acetaminophen. An acetaminophen-inhibitable enzyme is inducible in the mouse J774.2 monocyte cell line. Induction of acetaminophen-inhibitable prostaglandin E2 synthesis parallels induction of COX-2. Thus, inhibition of pharmacologically distinct COX-2 enzyme activity by …

Small Mammal Communities In Riparian And Upland Habitats On The Upper Coastal Plain Of Virginia, A. Scott Bellows, Joseph C. Mitchell

Virginia Journal of Science

We compared small mammal communities between riparian (stream corridor) and nearby upland habitats in a hardwood forest ecosystem on Fort A.P. Hill, Caroline County, Virginia. We used a combination of small-scale drift fence/pitfall trap arrays and snap traps to capture small mammals during April – October 1998, with an additional winter sample in January 1999. We captured seven small mammal species at 14 sites (7 pairs). Numbers of species were not significantly different between habitat types. Bray-Curtis polar ordinations showed that plant and small mammal community compositions were similar in upland sites and that these communities were most varied in …

Observations On Amphibians And Reptiles In Burned And Unburned Forests On The Upper Coastal Plain Of Virginia, Joseph C. Mitchell

Virginia Journal of Science

I evaluate the results of a short-term study on the effects of prescribed burning on terrestrial amphibians and reptiles on Fort A.P. Hill, Caroline County, Virginia. Six species of amphibians and reptiles were observed in unburned sites and eight species were observed in burned sites. More individual amphibians (46) were observed in unburned stands than in burned stands (15). Adults of two species (Bufo americanus, Plethodon cinereus) were found dead under logs in the still smoldering prescribed burn. The results of this study suggest that prescribed burning may have some negative effects on amphibians and reptiles. Because …

Effects Of Blood Extraction On The Mortality Of The Horseshoe Crab, Limulus Polyphemus, Elizabeth A. Walls, Jim Berkson

Virginia Journal of Science

Horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are bled by biomedical companies for the extraction of Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL), a clotting agent used in the detection of endotoxins. In 1998, the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission mandated that all biomedical companies collecting horseshoe crabs for the production of LAL study the horseshoe crab mortality rates resulting from the company's blood extraction process. BioWhittaker, a Cambrex Company is one of the largest producers of LAL in the world. During the summer of 1999, bled and unbled horseshoe crabs were transported from BioWhittaker's bleeding facility in Chincoteague, Virginia to the Virginia Seafood …

Oviposition Sites And Emergence Habitats Of 13-Year Periodical Cicadas (Brood Xix) In Eastern Virginia, Heather F. Sahli, Stewart Ware

Virginia Journal of Science

While much research has been done on periodical cicadas, apparently no quantitative studies have been carried out to determine the vegetational structure of periodical cicada brood emergence sites or oviposition sites. We determined large tree and small tree densities and dominance in five forest stands which experienced high densities of Brood XIX cicada emergence in 1998. Paired observations were made at one of these sites to determine whether there was a preference for egg deposition in woodland edges versus the forest interior. A list was compiled of all the tree species which exhibited evidence of egg deposition. We found that …

Botanizing With Darwin, Duncan M. Porter

Virginia Journal of Science

Note: Sidney S. Negus Memorial Lecture, Radford University, May 25, 2000

From the introduction: In this paper, I will take a look at Darwin's life and some of his botanical and other interests. I will also indicate where his and my paths have crossed during my own career as a botanist.

Legume Logic Number 122

Legume Logic

Contents

Dry weather curbs anthracnose spread

Crawford Fund aids chickpea research

Ryegrass Control: by Peter neman, AGWEST Geraldton

Pulse points

Pool presence in Esperance

Lupin prices leap!

Dealing With A Dry Season, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Bulletins 4000 -

Farmers' approaches to adverse seasonal conditions whether they be frost, flood or low rainfall should be to acquire as much information as possible on the immediate agronomic and financial situations and make a judgement on the longer term implications for the following seasons. Once the information has been acquired, in consultation with advisers, it is necessary to construct and implement agronomic and business strategies to deal with individual situations.

The agronomic and stocking options for the dry season supplied in this booklet deal with questions and issues arising from the Year 2000 season, which has been characterised by a mid …

Project Report No. 63, Site Index Equations For Loblolly And Slash Pine Plantations In East Texas, Update: Fall 2000, Lanton Chumley, Kenneth Dotson, Brad Horn, Greg Kelley, Greg Mabus, Meredith Middlebrook, Jamie Oliver, Michael Russell, Michelle Stegall

Informal Project Reports

This update utilizes height-age pairs measured from 1982- 1999. As a result, the number.of observations available for analysis is 1,900 loblolly and 852 slash. It is anticipated that the equations in this Fall 2000 update may quantify the productivity of East Texas loblolly and slash pine plantations in a more accurate and reliable manner than the eight previous sets of equations.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 42 Number 2, Fall 2000, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

10 - I WANT MY IPO! By Susan Vogel. With so much venture capital available out there, why do women have to sprint to catch up with men in the race for funding?

14 - ON THE THRESHOLD OF A NEW ERA By George F. Giacomini, Jr. A long-time SCU professor offers his opinion of the most pivotal moments in the University's 150-year history, from wars to the admission of women.

18 - OF HEADHUNTERS AND SOLDIERS By Renato Rosaldo. Living with a headhunting Filipino tribe taught this author to be open to the possibility that other cultures have valid, …

Seven Hills Winery Fall 2000 Newsletter, Casey Mcclellan

Seven Hills Winery Documents

This newsletter (Letter No. 3) from Seven Hills Winery confirms the October 2000 harvest is the largest crush to date for Seven Hills Winery. The newsletter goes on to state the October 2000 crush was the first to be done in the new Whitehouse-Crawford Building and the first to be done by Seven Hills as a Washington winery. Further content includes information about new and current wine releases from 1998-1999, information about the Holiday Barrel Tasting event in December of 2000, and an order form.

Ornamental And Turf Pest Control, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Animal Emotions: Exploring Passionate Natures, Marc Bekoff

Sentience Collection

No abstract provided.

The Aquaculture Of Non-Endemic Species In Western Australia Silver Perch (Bidyanus Bidyanus), Tina Thorne, H. G. Brayford

Fisheries Management Papers

The development of commercial aquaculture of a non-endemic species such as silver perch raises a number of important issues relating to translocation. These include the potential of the introduced species to: impact on genetic diversity; introduce disease; and impact on - the natural environment; and - the biodiversity of native species. This Management Paper has been drafted in liaison with the Department of Environmental Protection in accordance with the principles of rish assessment, taking into account the above issues. It is considered that the implementation of this policy will protect the natural environment and native fish species. It will also …