Life Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of Age And Group Size On Habitat Selection And Activity Level In Xenopus Laevis Tadpoles, D. R. Golden, Geoffrey R. Smith, Jessica E. Rettig

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Banana Cultivars For Resistance To The Banana Weevil Cosmopolites Sordidus And Nematode Complex In Western Kenya, T. Musabyimana, K. V. Seshu Reddy, L. Ngode, J. S. Prasad

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and parasitic nematodes are often together on the same banana mat. Both pests have been recognized as major constraints to banana production. They may cause up to 85% yield loss in banana. Hence, both pests should be investigated together to define a control strategy for this complex constraint. With this view, our investigation was carried out in a naturally nematode-weevil infested farmer's field to search for host plant resistance to both pests. Pratylenchus goodeyi, Helicotylenchus multicinctus and Meloidogyne spp. were the most commonly occurring nematodes in the experiment and were often in mixed …

Cattle And Amblyomma Variegatum Odors Used In Host Habitat And Host Finding By The Tick Parasitoid, Ixodiphagus Hookeri, Fanuel A. Demas, Ahmed Hassanali, Esther N. Mwangi, Edna C. Kunjeku, Audrey R. Mabveni

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The response of mated naive Ixodiphagus hookeri females to cattle and Amblyomma variegatum nymphal odors was tested in a Y-tube olfactometer. I. hookeri females were attracted to cattle urine, dung, and odors from tick- free feeding sites of A. variegatum nymphs on cattle, e.g., dewlaps, front heels, and hind heels. Tick-free scrotal odors did not attract the parasitoids. Furthermore, odors from off-host unfed and fed A. variegatum nymphs did not attract the parasitoids, despite an increase in the number of the nymphs to amplify any odor signal. A blend of odors from feeding on-host nymphs and cattle scrota attracted the …

Studying The Expression Of A Novel Microsatellite Mrna In Chironomous Riparius, Mina Ranzurmal

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

The expression of a unique mRNA containing a microsatellite sequence was studied in C. riparius using differential display. First, the rnicrosatellite fragment was sequenced using Sanger's Sequencing method. The microsatellite cDNA contained 11 "ACA" repeats, 12 "AC" repeats, and 5 "CTC" repeats. Second, the affects of cadmium and heat shock on rnicrosatellite mRNA expression were studied. In cadmium experiments, larvae were exposed to low cadmium concentrations (0, 0.04, 0.4, and 4.0 mM) for 24 and 48 h and high cadmium concentrations (0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 mM) for 48 h. The effects of cadmium on fed larvae at …

Analysis Of Genetic Factors Affecting High Density Lipoprotein Levels And Apoall Levels In C57 B1/6j And Fvb/N Wildtype Mice Using A Qtl Mapping Approach, Judith Barrios

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Partridges, Quails, Francolins, Snowcocks, Guineafowl, And Turkeys Status Survey And Conservation Action Plan, 2000–2004, Richard A. Fuller, John P. Carroll, Philip J. K. Mcgowan, Wpa/Birdlife/Iuch-Ssc Partridge, Quail And Francolin Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

Executive Summary

This Action Plan covers the partridges, quails, francolins, snowcocks, guineafowl, and turkeys, a group of nearly 150 ground-dwelling gamebirds found in every continent apart from Antarctica. They live in a wide variety of habitats from tropical forests, high-altitude alpine zones, temperate forests, and open country of various kinds, to desert environments. Although they are very widespread, little is known about the species occurring outside Europe and North America. Several species are considered to be at grave risk of extinction, while others are so poorly known that it is difficult to evaluate their conservation needs. In 1995, the first …

Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association 1999/2000, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

President's message, Keith C. R. Howman

Chairman's report, Richard P. Howard

Annual report of Council 1999/2000

Treasurer's annual report and accounts, Ian F. Hoggarth

Conservation Committee report, Philip J. K. McGowan

Chapters and Affiliate reports

Pheasant Specialist Group report, Peter J. Garson

Partridge, Quail and Francolin Specialist Group report, John P. Carroll

Grouse Specialist Group report, Ilse Storch

Megapode Specialist Group report, René W. R. J. Dekker

Cracid Specialist Group report, Daniel M. Brooks and Stuart D. Strahl

WPA-South Asia Field Office report, Rahul Kaul

Himalayan mountain quail in India: living or extinct? Tahmina Shafiq, Salim Javed, and Rahul Kaul …

Scientific Investigation Of The Plant Pathogen Agrobacterium Tumefaciens, Casey M. Flanagan, Christopher B. Crowell Ii, Bryan P. Markelz

Honors Theses

A. tumefaciensis a plant pathogen and causative agent of Crown Gall Disease, an ailment that results in the development of tumors in plants. It is a unique organism in that it is the only known non-viral pathogen that transfers its DNA into the host cell. Consequently, the majority of the research conducted on A. tumefaciensinvestigates its mechanism of infection. However, A. tumefaciensis also rare to the bacterial world in that its genome is comprised of two chromosomes: one circular and one linear. Most other bacteria only have one circular chromosome. This area of research has been grossly overlooked and therefore …

Characterizing The Role Of Mapk Phosphates In Plants, Laura Asakura

Honors Theses

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways e ubiquitous ongst eukaryotes, involved in the signal transduction of various external stimuli to the nucleus. In plants, only MAPK pathways related to pathogen- and stress-related responses have been identified. It has been proposed that another MAPK pathway exists in plants, one that is similar to animal MAPK pathways and postulated to connect the regulation of cell growth and the actions of hormones auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin. In order to establish whether a link exists between the MAPK pathway and hormone signaling in plants, the role of MAPK phosphatases (MKP) on hormone signaling was …

Can An Optical Plankton Counter Produce Reasonable Estimates Of Zooplankton Abundance And Biovolume In Water With High Detritus?, X. Zhang, M. Roman, A. Sanford, H. Adolf, C. Lascara, R. Burgett

CCPO Publications

The Optical Plankton Counter (OPC) has been used in oceanic and fresh waters to estimate zooplankton abundance and biovolume. However, it is not clear whether the OPC can produce accurate estimates of zooplankton abundance and biovolume in waters with high detritus. In order to test the capability of the OPC to estimate zooplankton abundance and biovolume in Chesapeake Bay, two sets of laboratory experiments were conducted using water with high detritus concentrations collected from the upper Choptank estuary of Chesapeake Bay and laboratory cultured Artemia. Our results suggest that the OPC is able to produce accurate estimates of zooplankton biovolume …

The Linkage Between Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (Ucdw) And Phytoplankton Assemblages On The West Antarctic Peninsula Continental Shelf, Barbara B. Prézelin, Eileen E. Hofmann, Claudia Mengelt, John M. Klinck

OES Faculty Publications

Intrusion of Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW), which was derived from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), onto the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) shelf region in January 1993 provided a reservoir of nutrient-rich, warmer water below 150 m that subsequently upwelled into the upper water column. Four sites, at which topographically-induced upwelling of UCDW occurred, were identified in a 50 km by 400 km band along the outer WAP continental shelf. One additional site at which wind-driven upwelling occurred was also identified. Diatom-dominated phytoplankton assemblages were always associated with a topographically-induced upwelling site. Such phytoplankton communities were not detected at any …

Biochemical Composition Of Particles And Dissolved Organic Matter Slong An Estuarine Gradient: Sources And Implications For Dom Reactivity, Antonio Mannino, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

The chemical composition of high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) was examined along the salinity gradient of the Delaware Estuary. DOM was collected and fractionated by tangential-flow ultrafiltration into 1-30 kDa (HDOM; high molecular weight) and 30 kDa to 0.2 μm (VHDOM; very high molecular weight) and compared to particles collected in parallel. Polysaccharides comprised 12-43% of particulate organic carbon (POC), 30-56% of VHDOM carbon, and 7.5-19% of HDOM carbon. Hydrolyzable amino acids comprised 17-38% of POC, 5.4-12% of VHDOM carbon, and 1.5-4.2% of HDOM carbon. Only 7-43% of dissolved organic nitrogen in VHDOM …

Bioaccumulation And Toxicity Studies Of Heavy Metals In Ankistrodesmus Convolutus Corda, Samina Hussin

Student Works (2000-2009)

Nine freshwater microalgal species of Malaysia, Chlorella vulgaris (isolate 001). Scenedesmus sp. (isolate 039), Moug,wlia sp. (isolate 069). l llothrix sp. (isolate 071). Ch/ore/la sp. (isolate 078), Ankistrodf!snms co11vo/11tus (isolate IO I), Chlorococuum sp. (isolate 110), Synechococcus sp. (isolate 075). Euglena sp. (isolate 058), and including two species Oocystis polymorpha UTEX 1645 (isolate 169) and Ankistrodesmus arcuatus UTEX LB 1379 (isolate 170) from the UTEX Collection, Texas, were used in 96 h single heavy metal (Cd, Co, Cr. Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) exposure static studies for preliminary toxicity test. This was done by incubating the microalgae in a range …

Subcloning, Characterization And Sequencing Of The Streptomycin Resistance Gene Of A Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Transposon From Salmonella Typhi, Ramesvari Pararajasingam Pillai

Student Works (2000-2009)

Salmonella typhi S8 is resistant to ampicillin (Ac), chloramphenicol (Cm), cotrimoxazole (Ctm), streptomycin (Sm), and tetracycline (Tc). The Ac, Cm, Ctm. and Sm resistance traits have been shown to be mediated by a multiple antibiotic resistance transposon located on a large conjugative plasmid. Transposition of the transposon encoding Ac^R (ampicillin resistance), Cm^R Ctm^R and Sm^R designated TnX8, was done by Wong (1999) to a recipient replicon, plasmid pUB307. The Ac^R Cm^R, Ctm^R and Sm^R genes were subcloned into plasmid pKan by digesting the recombinant plasmid, des ignated pCL8 (pUB307::TnX8), with San. This subcloning strategy generated different recombinant pKans that harbour …

Use Of Oak Hammocks By Neotropical Migrant Songbirds During Stopover In Coastal South Carolina, Scott Glen Somershoe

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

Many species of Neotropical migrant songbirds have been reported to be declining in the last few decades, and the loss and fragmentation of stopover habitat has been implicated as a potential cause of these population declines. To manage properly a fragmented forest landscape for migrating songbirds information is needed on how the size and the habitat of forest fragments influence their use by migrants during stopover. Therefore, I conducted censuses of Neotropical migrant birds in eight oak hammocks of varying size (0.32-3.08 ha) at the Savannah National Wildlife Refuge, Jasper County, South Carolina. Censuses were conducted at 0600-1030 h during …

Respiration And Heart Rate At The Surface Between Dives In Northern Elephant Seals, Burney J. Le Boeuf, Daniel E. E. Crocker, Jason Gedamke, J. Grayson, Paul M. Webb, Susanna B. Blackwell, Daniel P. Costa

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

All underwater activities of diving mammals are constrained by the need for surface gas exchange. Our aim was to measure respiratory rate (fb) and heart rate (fh) at the surface between dives in free-ranging northern elephant seals Mirounga angustirostris. We recorded fb and fh acoustically in six translocated juveniles, 1.8-2. 4 years old, and three migrating adult males from the rookery at Ano Nuevo, California, USA. To each seal, we attached a diving instrument to record the diving pattern, a satellite tag to track movements and location, a digital audio tape recorder or acoustic datalogger with an external hydrophone to …

Application Of A Polymerase Chain Reaction-Elisa To Detect Wuchereria Bancrofti In Pools Of Wild-Caught Anopheles Punctualatus In A Filariasis Control Area In Papua New Guinea, Moses J. Bockarie, Peter U. Fischer, Steven A. Williams, Peter A. Zimmerman, Lysaght Griffin, Michael P. Alpers, James W. Kazura

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Chemotherapy-based eradication programs are aimed at stopping transmission of Wuchereria bancroftiby its obligatory mosquito vector. This study compares one year post-treatment W. bancrofti infection rates of Anopheles punctulatus, the main vector of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea, using traditional dissection techniques and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based ELISA of a parasite-specific Ssp I repeat. A total of 633 mosquitoes in 35 batches were dissected. Six batches contained W. bancrofti-infected mosquitoes, giving a minimum infection rate of 0.9%. This value was not different than the actual infection rate, which was 9 (1.4%) of 633 mosquitoes (P� 0.48). The DNA was …

The Abundance And Distribution Of Arthropods From Sandstone Outcrops In Coffee County, Georgia, F. Michael Mcaloon

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

Broxton Rocks Nature Preserve, a 1,233-hectare preserve containing late Pleistocene sandstone (Altamaha grit) outcrops of various sizes and topographies in a conifer-dominated loblolly pine - hardwood forest, represents a unique habitat to the coastal plain of Georgia. Using modified pitfall traps, I sampled arthropods in four subhabitats (bare rock, lichens, ecotone, wiregrass) at Broxton Rocks between January and November 1999. A total of 312,006 arthropods belonging to four classes (Arachnida, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Insecta) represented by 24 orders was trapped. The numbers of arthropods varied among habitat types, and over the collection dates (P

The Effects Of Low Ph On Sunfish Assemblages In Southeast Georgia, William Boyd Tate

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

Cloning And Sequencing Of Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger In The Gills Of The Long-Horned Sculpin (Myoxocephalus Octodecimspinosus), Danielle Lee Gunning

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Height And Vegetation On Success Of Bird Nests In Maritime Forests, Sharon M. Defalco

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

Nest predation is an important source of mortality in songbirds and may contribute to declines in Neotropical migrants. I used artificial nests baited with fresh Japanese Quail and Zebra Finch eggs in conjunction with observations of natural nests to quantity the ettects ol nest height and vegetation on nest predation on St. Catherine's Island, a barrier island in southeast Georgia. Because of intense browsing by white-tailed deer. I predicted that lower, more exposed nests would be least successful. Artificial nests (n = 389) were placed in the field, and natural nests (n = 49) were observed, durintz April and May …

The Effects Of Forest Fragment Size, Isolation, And Microhabitat Variables On Nest Box Use By Southern Flying Squirrels (Glaucomys Volans) In Southern Illinois, Catherine Wong, Eric K. Bollinger, Thomas A. Nelson

Faculty Publications

We studied the effects of forest fragmentation on southern flying squirrels (Glaucomys volans) in southern Illinois, and examined factors influencing nest box use. Ten nest boxes were placed in each of 30 oak-hickory forest fragments. Nest boxes were checked monthly after installation. We measured habitat variables that described the nest box tree, the microhabitat surrounding the nest box tree, and landscape level characteristics of the fragments (isolation and area). Overall, 78% of the 300 nest boxes were used. Glaucomys volans was captured in 24 of the 30 forest fragments, and evidence of squirrel use was found in 4 additional fragments. …

A Quantitative And Qualitative Study On The Benthic Algal Floraof Palandöken Pond, Hasan Gürbüz

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, the composition and density of the benthic algae and seasonal variations of the benthic algae of Palandöken Pond were determined between September 1990 and September 1992. Samples were collected from two previously selected sampling sites. It was found that Bacillariophyta was the dominant benthic algal group in this pond. During our investigation a total of 160 taxa were identified and 135 them were composed of epipelic algae. The percentages of algal groups were as follows: Bacillariophyta 57%, Cholorphyta 11% and Euglenophyta5%. It was found that there were plenty of epipelic algal species living together with epiphytic and …

Investigation Of Selected Industrially Important Enzymatic Activities Of Turkish Agricultural Mycoflora-I: Amylase, Lipase, Protease, Şemi̇nur Topal, Ceyda Pembeci̇, Mehli̇ka Borcakli, Mehmet Batum, Özlem Çelti̇k

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this context, fungi being a rich source in from metabolites point of view, their utilization possibilities in various area are investigated. Primary metabolites of the fungi representing Turkish agricultural mycoflora which belongs to our culture collections are determined and their importance with respect to industry will be evaluated. It is assumed that enzymes such as, protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, xylanase, b-glucanase, pectinase of these moulds represent a potential source for food industry. In this context, qualitative screening three of these enzymes producing abilities of relevant moulds are carried out. Methods used for enzyme determination cover, "Opacity Capacities in Deep …

The Population Structure And Growth Properties Of Chalcalburnusmossulensis (Heckel, 1843) Caught From Askale Region Of River Karasu, Mustafa Türkmen, İhsan Akyurt

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, the population structure and growth properties of Chalcalburnus mossulensis (Heckel, 1843) caught from Askale Region of River Karasu betwen February 1996 and January 1997 were examined. The age composition of population varied between I and VI ages, and the most abundant age group was the third age group (42.13%). The population was composed of 51.74% females and 48.26% males. The fork length and the body weights of males and females varied between 8.9-18.1 cm, 3.6-67.9 g and 8.5-18.5 cm, 5.1-79.5 g respectively. The specific and relative growth for length and weight were maximum in the second age. …

Increase Of The \Alpha-Amylase Yield By Some Bacillusstrains, Eli̇f Sarikaya, Veli̇tti̇n Gürgün

Turkish Journal of Biology

In order to obtain high amounts of \alpha-amylase enzyme from Bacillus bacteria a new medium was developed. In this medium, three strains of Bacillus bacteria were grown in the presence of different carbon, nitrogen and metal ions. The highest \alpha-amylase yield was obtained by addition of Na-citrate, strach and sucrose for the strains of B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens I and B. amyloliquefaciens II, respectively. As a nitrogen source, yeast extract was found to be effective on enzyme yield for B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens II, while ammonium sulfate was found to be effective for B. amyloliquefaciens I. None of the …

Study Of Interphases Betweensubunits Of Human Serum Albumin By Tritiumlabelling Method, Elimchan S. Dzhafarov

Turkish Journal of Biology

For the purpose of obtaining information about interphases between subunits of human serum albumin (HSA), a new tritium labelling method was adopted. The existence of linear dependence between accessible surface of amino acid residues and their specific radio-activity enabled to obtain information about qualitattive and quantitative amino acid composition of surface layer of protein globule and its large fragments. It is shown that the fragments surface characterized by higher accessibility of hydrophobic amino acid residues such as Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Pro and Phe. Moreover Lys, Asx and Glx demonstrate high accessibility also. It is supposed that the spatial HSA …

Distributions And Possible Roles Of Laminin, Fibronectin And Theirreceptor Subunits Integrin \Beta4 And \Alpha5 In Remodelling Of Extracellularmatrix During Decidualization In Rats, Ümi̇t Ali̇ Kayişli, Mevlüt Asar, Ramazan Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the endometrium preparing for pregnancy, the stromal matrix components of the cells and their products begin structural differentiation due to endometrial receptivity. According to the hypothesis that 'extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and adhesion molecules take roles in the structural differentiation as a result of endometrial decidualization', our aim was to determine the roles of ECM molecules laminin, fibronectin and adhesion proteins integrin \alpha5 and \beta4 in the decidulization and implantation by examining the emergence and changing distribution of these proteins. In this study, five experimental groups, consisting of 40 pregnant animals on pregnancy days 4-8, were used. Paraffin tissue …

The Effect Of Soy Flour On Alcohol And Cell Concentration In Alcoholfermentation Of Molasses, Tuncay Ari, Sedat Dönmez

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effects of soy flour on alcohol fermentation of molasses by different yeast strains were investigated. Six strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and one Saccharomyces bayanus were used. It was found that soy flour affected fermentation time, alcohol concentration and total cell count in all strains. But the degree of this effect was different among strains. The maximum ethanol concentration were 63.9 g/l in Saccharomyces cerevisiae N3 strains. The maximum theoritical yield, however was 91.6% in Saccharomyces cerevisiae W4 strains. Compared with the control, the largest increment in ethanol concentration was in Saccharomyces bayanus 1A as 12.2%. Furthermore, addition of soy …

Effects Of Exogenous Spermine On Seed Germination And Early Growthof Sunflower Seeds Under Salinity Stress, Fatma Mutlu, Suna Boncuk

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effects of various concentrations (0.01, 1, 2mM) of spermine (Spm) on germination and some early growth parameters of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L. cv. Santafe) seeds were investigated in media containing different concentrations of NaCl (50, 100, 200mM). Regardless of its concentrations, application of Spm under non-saline conditions remained ineffective on germination percentage as well as on the early growth parameters studied (length of radicle, fresh and dry weights). The salt, depending on its concentration, inhibited or delayed the germination to a great extent. The growth parameters studied in the early growth period were also adversely affected by salt …