Life Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Different Components Of The Pheromone Emission Of Mature Males Of The Desert Locust, Schistocerca Gregaria (Forskâl) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) In Accelerating Maturation Of Immature Adults, Hassane Mahamat, Ahmed Hassanali, Hezekiel Odongo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Different blends of five chromatographically prominent components of the pheromone emission of gregarious-phase mature desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskâl) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) males were bioassayed for their maturation-accelerating effects on immature counterparts. The blend of all five components, namely anisole, veratrole, benzaldehyde, phenylacetonitrile and 4-vinylveratrole was as effective as the emission from live mature males in accelerating the onset of mating in immature males. Subtraction of anisole had no significant effect but removal of any one of the other four components significantly reduced the acceleration potency of the resulting blends. The maximum reduction occurred in the absence of phenylacetonitrile which appears …

Changing Oviposition Preferences Of The Desert Locust, Schistocerca Gregaria, Suggest A Strong Species Predisposition For Gregarization, M. O. Bashir, A. Hassanali, M. M. Rai, R. K. Saini

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Field surveys at five sites within desert locust breeding habitats around Port Sudan during three successive seasons indicated that early in the rainy season the incoming solitary females oviposited predominantly in the vicinity of Heliotropium spp. (~66%) and millet (~32%) seedlings. Solitary nymphs also preferred to feed on these plants. Follow-up cage experiments were conducted in the field in which solitary and gregarious female locusts were presented with choices of selected desert plants and egg pods. When presented with bulrush millet, Heliotropium spp., Zygophyllum simplex, and untreated moistened sand, solitary females oviposited adjacent to the first two plants (40% and …

Susceptibility Of The Legume Flower Thrips To Metarhizium Anisopliae On Different Varieties Of Cowpea, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, W. Lwande

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The susceptibility of Megalurothrips sjostedti to Metarhizium anisopliae when reared on susceptible, tolerant, and moderately resistant varieties of cowpea at different constant temperatures was evaluated in the laboratory. Insects were exposed either to direct spray of the conidia or to fungus-treated floral tissues. Mortality was significantly higher on the moderately resistant variety at all temperatures compared to the susceptible and tolerant varieties. Correspondingly, lethal time and lethal concentration values were significantly shorter and lower, respectively, on the moderately resistant variety compared to the other varieties, thus indicating that the two control methods are compatible as part of an integrated pest …

Powdered Neem Seed And Cake For Management Of The Banana Weevil, Cosmopolites Sordidus, And Parasitic Nematodes, T. Musabyimana, R. C. Saxena, E. W. Kairu, C. K.P.O. Ogol, Z. R. Khan

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Field trials were conducted in Kenya with 'Nakyetengu', an East African highland banana cultivar (AAA-EA), highly susceptible to banana pests. Regardless of soil fertility levels, incorporation around the plant base of powdered neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed or cake at 60-100 g/mat at 4-month intervals, gave better control of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), and of parasitic nematodes, than that achieved with soil application of Furadan 5G (carbofuran) at 60 g/mat at 6-month intervals. Compared with untreated control, fruit yield in most of the neem treatments was significantly higher, particularly during the second cycle of crop production. Neem …

Effect Of Volatiles And Crude Extracts Of Different Plant Materials On Egg Viability Of Maruca Vitrata And Clavigralla Tomentosicollis, S. Ekesi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The effect of volatiles and aqueous extracts of black pepper, Piper guineense; neem seed, Azadirachta indica; garlic bulb, Allium sativum; and onion bulb, Allium cepa on egg viability of Maruca vitrata Fab. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal (Heteroptera: Coreidae) was evaluated in laboratory experiments. Compared with the other treatments, volatiles of black pepper and garlic bulb were superior in reducing hatch of freshly laid (12-h-old) eggs of both species of insects. Volatiles of onion bulb and neem seed had no effect on egg hatch. When aqueous extracts of the various plant materials were tested at 5%, 10% and 15%, …

A Checklist And Distribution Maps Of The Amphibians And Reptiles Of South Dakota, Royce E. Ballinger, Justin W. Meeker, Marcus Thies

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Fourteen species of amphibians and 30 species of reptiles are documented from South Dakota, based on the examination of 7,361 museum specimen records. No species of the herpetofauna is endemic to the state, which contains a mixture of species from especially the southern and western regions of the United States. Four amphibians (Ambystoma tigrinum, Bufo cognatus, Pseudacris triseriata, and Rana pipiens) and three reptiles (Chrysemys picta, Heterodon nasicus, and Thamnophis radix) occur statewide in appropriate habitats. Three amphibians and 11 reptiles reach their northern distributional limits in the state, and two amphibians …

A Floristic Study And Species Checklist For The Republican River Valley In Nebraska, With Emphasis On Plants Of Concern For Conservation, Steven J. Rothenberger

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

A botanical survey of the Republican River Valley in Nebraska was initiated during the 1995 growing season and continued through 1998. A major objective of this study was to discover and tabulate rare plants (as designated by the Nebraska Natural Heritage Program), but a general floristic study was also completed. Natural areas, selected because of species composition or location, were identified and described. The study area is characterized by a high degree of human disturbance. Most county floras, with the exception of Webster, are poorly represented. Seven species of conservation concern are reported, which is 1.4% of the total collected …

Effects Of Age And Group Size On Habitat Selection And Activity Level In Xenopus Laevis Tadpoles, Danielle R. Golden, Geoffrey R. Smith, Jessica E. Rettig

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

We experimentally examined the effects of age and group size on habitat selection and activity level in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Tadpoles were introduced into an experimental arena at two ages (early and late) and at three group sizes (one, two, and six tadpoles). Group size did not affect habitat selection or activity level. Late tadpoles were more active and used the bottom of the arena more than early tadpoles. Our results suggest that an intrinsic cue (age) is important in determining the behavior of these tadpoles.

Mutations In The Protein Kinase A R1Α Regulatory Subunit Cause Familial Cardiac Myxomas And Carney Complex, Mairead Casy, Carl J. Vaughan, Jie He, Cathy J. Hatcher, Jordan M. Winter, Stanislawa Weremowicz, Kate Montgomery, Raju Kucherlapati, Cynthia C. Morton, Craig T. Bassoni

PCOM Scholarly Works

Cardiac myxomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that can present as components of the human autosomal dominant disorder Carney complex. Syndromic cardiac myxomas are associated with spotty pigmentation of the skin and endocrinopathy. Our linkage analysis mapped a Carney complex gene defect to chromosome 17q24. We now demonstrate that the PRKAR1α gene encoding the R1α regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) maps to this chromosome 17q24 locus. Furthermore, we show that PRKAR1α frameshift mutations in three unrelated families result in haploinsufficiency of R1α and cause Carney complex. We did not detect any truncated R1α protein encoded by mutant PRKAR1α. …

Algal Flora Of Lakes Aygir And Balıkli (Trabzon, Turkey), Bülent Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

The algal flora of lakes Aygir and Balıkli were studied qualitatively between June and Septembeer 1996. The flora of Lake Aygır was found to consist of 48 species, 26 belonging to Bacillariophyta, 17 to Chlorophyta, 4 to Cyanophyta and 1 to Euglenophyta. The flora of Lake Balıklı was found to consist of 71 species, 34 belonging to Bacillariophyta, 29 to Chlorophyta, 7 to Cyanophytaand 1 to Euglenophyta. The compositions of the species in the two lakes were similar. The main species of the algal flora of the lakes were members of Desmidiales.

Some Ultrastructural Observations On Calcium Oxalate Raphide Crystal Idioblasts And Meristematic Cells Of The Adventive Root Tips Of Sternbergia Lutea (L.) Ker-Gawl. Ex Sprengel (Amaryllidaceae), Feruzan Dane, Çi̇ler Meri̇ç, Gülara Hüseyi̇nova

Turkish Journal of Botany

The adventive root tip cells of a bulbous plant, Sternbergia lutea (L.) Ker-Gawl. ex Sprengel (Amaryllidaceae), were examined by LM (light microscope) and EM (electron microscope). At the meristematic area of the root tips, which was 1 mm in length, two types of cell were observed: meristematic cells and Ca-oxalate raphide crystal idioblasts. Ca-oxalate raphide crystal idioblasts were observed to lie in two lines between the inner and outer ground meristems. Some similarities and some differences were found between those cells in their ultrastructure. It was seen that the membrane thickness of crystal idioblasts and meristematic cells were the same. …

A New Liverwort For The Flora Of Turkey, İsa Gökler, Hati̇ce Özenoğlu Ki̇remi̇t, Ferhat Ki̇remi̇t

Turkish Journal of Botany

The thalloid liverwort Riccia crozalsii Levier belonging to the class Marchantiopsida( Hepaticae) of the division Bryophyta is reported for the first time from Turkey, bringing the total number of Ricciaspecies known from Turkey to seventeen. The species was collected from Dilek Peninsula National Park near Kusadasi in Aydin

Peroxidase And Iaa-Oxidase Activities During Rooting In Cuttings Of Threepoplar Species, Tohi̇t Güneş

Turkish Journal of Botany

Peroxidase (PO: E. C 1.11.1.7) and IAA. Oxidase (IAA-O) enzyme activities were investigated during rooting in cuttings of Populus nigra L., Populus alba L. and Populus tremula L. ( Salicaceae), and the relations between enzyme activities and rooting ability were examined comparatively. PO activity started to increase the early stages of primordium formation and reached the highest level before root emergence. However, no apparent correlation was found between the activity of PO and the ability of the cuttings to form roots. IAA-O activity was observed only in root cuttings of P. alba and P. nigra. Activity increased after day 6 …

Check List Of Aspergillus And Penicillium Species Reported From Turkey, Ahmet Asan

Turkish Journal of Botany

This paper reviews published accounts and presents a list of species of the genera Aspergillus Mich. and Penicillium Link in Turkey dating from the 1940s.

Taxonomy Of The Genus Prunus L. (Rosaceae) In Turkey, Ali̇ Arslan Dönmez, Şi̇nasi̇ Yildirimli

Turkish Journal of Botany

The taxonomy of the genus PrunusL. in Turkey is studied in detail. According to morphological characters, descriptions of the species have been evaluated and completed. P. kurdica Fenzl ex Fritsch, P. cocomilia Ten. var. puberula(Schneider) Browicz and P. divaricata Ledeb. subsp. ursina (Kotschy) Browicz are reduced to synonyms. A new key for the identification of the species has been prepared. Illustrations and distribution maps of particular species in Turkey were added to other information. Furthermore, data concerning habitat, altitude, flowering and fruiting time, distribution, chromosome numbers and taxonomic discussion for some species are given. Three new synonyms are proposed here. …

Reduction Of Lignin In Tobacco Through The Expression Of An Antisense Caffeic Acid O-Methyltransferase, Ti̇jen Talas Oğraş, Kemal Kazan, Nermi̇n Gözükirmizi

Turkish Journal of Botany

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a methylation enzyme involved in the early stages of lignin biosynthesis. To examine the effect of antisense expression of a heterologous COMT gene on lignification, an antisense construct of a cDNA encoding a caffeic acid O-methyltransferase ( pOMT8) from Stylosanthes humilis Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth Fabaceae was transferred into tobacco via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A large number of kanamycin-resistant shoots were recovered after transformation, and randomly selected putative transgenics were analysed for stable integration of the transgene into their genomes. The analyses demonstrated that antisense expression of pOMT8 resulted in reductions in total COMT activity, which …

Two New Genus Records For The Mycoflora Of Turkey, Abdullah Kaya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Crucibulum laeve(Bull. ex DC.) Kambly (Nidulariaceae) and Phaeomarasmius erinaceus(Fr.) KŸhn. (Strophariaceae) were recorded, at genus level, for the first time from Turkey.

Contributions To The Macrofungi Flora Of Antalya Province, Kudret Gezer

Turkish Journal of Botany

We recorded 81 macrofungal species collected from the Antalya region. They are distributed within 29 families, 7 belonging to the Ascomycetes and 74 to the Basidiomycetes.

A New Myxomycetes Genus Record For Turkey (Stemonitopsis(Nann.-Brem.) Nann.-Brem.), C. Cem Ergül, Başaran Dülger

Turkish Journal of Botany

Stemonitopsis typhina (Wiggers) Nann.-Brem. and Stemonitopsis microspora (A.Lister) Nann.-Brem. ( Stemonitales/Stemonitaceae) are recorded for the first time from Turkey. This is also a new Myxomycetes genus record for Turkey.

A New Record For The Flora Of Turkey Amaranthus Spinosusl. (Amaranthaceae), Mehmet Kaya, F. Nezi̇hi̇ Uygur

Turkish Journal of Botany

A new species, Amaranthus spinosus L. ( Amaranthaceae), is reported for the first time for the Flora of Turkey. The specimens were collected from a corn field around Kazıklıbucağı village of the Karataş district of Adana province (C5).

Effects Of Diameter-Limit And Two-Age Timber Harvesting On Songbird Populations On An Industrial Forest In Central West Virginia, Cathy Ann Weakland

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many studies examining forest fragmentation effects on songbirds have been conducted in landscapes significantly altered by urbanization or agriculturalization rather than forested landscapes. There is some evidence that forest fragmentation due to timber harvesting has different effects on bird abundance than fragmentation from other land uses. It is unknown how songbirds respond to different forms of timber harvesting as fragmentation events. Also, it is unclear if microhabitat-level or landscape-level characteristics are more important predictors of breeding bird occurrence in the central Appalachians. The objectives of my study were to determine the short-term effects of diameter-limit and two-age timber harvesting on …

Responses Of Cam Species To Increasing Atmospheric Co2 Concentrations, Philippa M. Drennan

Biology Faculty Works

Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) species show an average increase in biomass productivity of 35% in response to a doubled atmospheric CO2 concentration. Daily net CO2 uptake is similarly enhanced, reflecting in part an increase in chlorenchyma thickness and accompanied by an even greater increase in water-use efficiency. The responses of net CO2 uptake in CAM species to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations are similar to those for C3 species and much greater than those for C4 species. Increases in net daily CO2 uptake by CAM plants under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations reflect increases in both Rubisco-mediated daytime CO2 uptake and phosphoenolpyruvate …

Detoxification Of 4-Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide And Benzo(A)Pyrene-4,5-Oxide By Myristicin Induced Glutathione S-Transferase In A/J Mouse Livers, Eduardo Saldivar

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The activities of mouse liver glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) induced by myristicin, the active compound in parsley leaf oil, against the carcinogens 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) and benzo(a)pyrene-4,5-oxide (BP-4,5-oxide) were studied. A/J mice were treated with three 20 mg doses (one dose every other day) by gavage. Affinity purified liver GST samples from treated animals showed a 7.2-fold increase in activity toward 4NQO when compared with equal amounts of liver samples prepared from the control group. Activity against BP-4,5-oxide was increased 1.8-fold in the experimental group. Experimental samples also showed a significant increase in activity toward the substrates 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (DCNB), …

Direct And Indirect Effects Of Herbivores On Nitrogen Dynamics: Voles In Riparian Areas, J M. Sirotnak, Nancy J. Huntly

Biology Faculty Publications

Herbivores can directly increase nitrogen mobility by increasing the quality of organic matter entering the decomposition cycle, but they also may decrease nitrogen mobility by decreasing the biomass of high-nitrogen species in the plant community. We assessed effects of voles (Microtus) on nitrogen dynamics using exclosures in two riparian meadows (Crystal Bench and Blacktail Deer Creek) in Yellowstone National Park (USA). At both sites, the quantity of plant litter was decreased by herbivory following a vole population peak in 1992. At Crystal Bench, removal of voles caused a decrease in the nitrogen concentration and an increase in the C:N ratio …

Organic Carbon Supply And Metabolism In A Near-Stream Groundwater Ecosystem, H. M. Valett, C. C. Dahm, Michelle A. Baker

Biology Faculty Publications

In groundwater ecosystems, in situ primary production is low, and metabolism depends on organic matter inputs from other regions of the catchment. Heterotrophic metabolism and biogeochemistry in the floodplain groundwater of a headwater catchment (Rio Calaveras, New Mexico, USA) were examined to address the following questions: (1) How do groundwater metabolism and biogeochemistry vary spatially and temporally? (2) What factors influence groundwater metabolism? (3) What is the energy source for groundwater metabolism?

At Rio Calaveras, surface discharge and water table elevation increased at the onset of spring snowmelt. Groundwater biogeochemical changes in response to snowmelt included increases in dissolved oxygen …

Cytotoxic T Cell Response To Influenza Vaccination In Older Adults, Caroline R. Letter

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Influenza infections result in activation of cellular and humoral immune responses, leading to stimulation of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and helper T cells with subsequent viral clearance.

By using an assay of granzyme B activity, the in vivo cellular-mediated immune response of old adults was found to be significantly decreased in comparison to young adults. The effect of aging on the CTL response was further investigated via enzyme-linked immunospot technique. A significant increase in number of virus-specific T cells occurred in older adults after vaccination, although the magnitude of the CTL response decreased in comparison to young adults. These data …

Telomerase Activity In Human Preimplantation Embryos, Diane Lynne Wright

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein, has been described as an essential component of highly proliferative cells, which stabilizes the telomeres and avoids cellular senescence. Telomerase has been identified in various embryonic cell stages, hematopoietic cells, and in >85% of tumor tissue biopsies analyzed. The ability to measure the potential to proliferate successfully could provide an objective measure of an embryo's quality. The objectives of this study were to modify the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay system for increased sensitivity to allow detection of telomerase activity in the single cell of an oocyte and embryo, obtain telomerase activity levels for the oocyte …

2000 Weed Science Research Report, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences

Plant Sciences Weed Science Reports

The Weed Science team at North Dakota State University conduct field research in the State of North Dakota. This specific document reports on field research conducted in 2000. It includes work on several crops and the management of several weeds in North Dakota.

Analysis And Organization Of The Family Based Agricultural Production System In The Poroma Community Of Oropeza Province, Marco Antonio Domingo Burgoa Chopitea

Theses and Dissertations

This research analyzed the management strategies and organization of crop production in a family agricultural system. This study took place in the Poroma community, Oropeza province, Chuquisaca Department, in Bolivia, at the so called “red zone”, so named for its extreme poverty. The agricultural system used in this study is unique to the pre-puna area of Bolivia and is located in a meso-thermal valley with wet summers. This agricultural system uses a diverse number of native and cultivated plants and animals and incorporates interrelated production strategies in agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, and crafts. Two important production sectors have been identified …

Study Of Two Species Of Bees (Apis Mellifica) And Three Types Of Beehives In And Around Chulumani (Prov. Chapare), Jose Cruz Pardo

Theses and Dissertations

In order to improve the diet of the comunarios of Chulumani, and to expect a better production of honeybee; it has been introduced the Apis mellífica cárnica queen in Apis mellífica scutellata colonies. It was also carried out comparative tests among beehives Langstroth, Schirmer and Dadant. The nucleus “S” was only used as an introduction of queens, and the nucleus “M” and “K” were utilized for the development of the colony (submúltiplos of the beehive Schirmer). The study was carried out totally at random with the experimental design with factorial arrangement, and the meaning of the comparative analysis it was …