Life Sciences Commons^™

Catalogo Dos Cetaceos De Venezuela (America Do Sur) Depositados En Museos E Coleccions Bioloxicas Nacionais E Estranxeiras, A. Ignacio Agudo, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

บทบรรณาธิการ : อันตรายจากชื่อยาสับสน, นิยดา เกียรติยิ่งอังศุลี

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

การใช้ยาที่สมเหตุสมผล มีปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องมากมาย การใช้ยาที่ไม่ถูกต้องบางครั้งเกิดจาก...

Toxicity Of Traditional Medicine Trisan. Part 2. Vata And Semha Formulas(พิษของยาแผนโบราณตรีสาร ตอนที่ 2 ตำรับวาตะและเสมหะสมุฏฐาน), Pranee Chavalittumrong, Aimmanas Attawish, Pat Rugsamon, Pranee Chuntapet

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Trisan, a Thai traditional medicine, is composed of three constituents, namely Plumbago indica, Piper sarmentosum and Piper sp. locally called Sa-Karn, at different ratios based on traditional diagnosis of patients. Vata formula of Trisan, used for the e...

The Filtration Rate, Oxygen Consumption And Biomass Of The Introduced Polychaete Sabella Spallanzanii Gmelin Within Cockburn Sound : Can It Control Phytoplankton Levels And Is It An Efficient Filter Feeder?, Geordie Clapin

Theses : Honours

Sabella spallanzanii, a filter feeding, sabellid polychaete worm which is common in the Mediterranean Sea, was recently discovered in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. The species has been in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria for about 10 years, where it has spread widely, competes with native species and has economic impacts on the local scallop fishery. In Cockburn Sound, S. spallanzanii has colonised a shallow, sandy area known as the Southern Flats, reaching a mean biomass of 258 gDW m² , as well as almost all artificial structures such as jetties and navigational marker pylons. A large biomass of this introduced …

Genetic Variability And Gene Flow In Metepeira Ventura (Araneae, Araneidae), Martina G. Ramirez

Biology Faculty Works

Levels of genetic variability and gene flow among three populations of Metepeira ventura o n Santa Catalina Island, California, were evaluated based on variation at 10 gene loci . Mean heterozygosity (observed) per population was 10 .4% and mean polymorphism was 36 .7%, consistent with levels of variabilit y in other arthropods. Values of FST for the five polymorphic loci (mean FST = 0 .009) suggest that gene flow prevents the genetic differentiation of these populations . The average number of migrants per generation (Nm) among these populations is estimated to be 28 .6 . The lack of inter-population genetic …

Permethrin-Impregnated Yarn: Longevity Of Efficacy And Potential Use On Cylindrical Fiberglass Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Traps, Jerome Hogsette, Joseph Ruff

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Efficacy of permethrin-impregnated orlon yam against stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), was 6-8 wk under simulated field conditions. Numbers of stable flies captured on corrugated cylindrical fiberglass traps painted with an adhesive indicated that these traps are attractive enough to be used in the field with treated yam applied. Reasons for variability of yam impregnation and the use of yam on cylinder traps are discussed.

Imidazolinone Herbicides Improve Restoration Of Great Plains Grasslands, Robert A. Masters, Scott Nissen, Roch E. Gaussoin, Daniel Beran, Robert Stougaard

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The productivity and native species diversity of Great Plains grasslands have been substantially reduced by past management that facilitated the establishment of invasive exotic weeds and displacement of native species. Management strategies are needed to rapidly restore the productive capacity and biological diversity of these degraded grasslands. Critically important phases of the grassland restoration process are the reintroduction and establishment of native species. Weed interference is the primary constraint to successful establishment of native plants. The goal of our research is to develop strategies that use multiple technologies, including herbicides, to expedite grassland revegetation with native grasses and forbs. Imidazolinon …

Acidic Marine Biotoxins Implicated In Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning, Eoin P. Carmody

Theses

An okadaic acid (OA) etiology has been demonstrated for most outbreaks of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in Europe, An isomer of OA, dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX-2), has recently been found in Irish waters and, in 1991 and 1994, was the major toxin during prolonged infestations in cultivated mussels (Mytilus edulis) along the south-west coast of Ireland.

The OA class of DSP toxins have been analysed by HPLC using modified versions of three established fluorescent derivatisation methods. A ‘dual tag’ method for the confirmation of specific toxins has also been developed.

Survey work has been carried out over the past four years on …

Responses Of Nymphs Of Desert Locust, Schistocerca Gregaria To Volatiles Of Plants Used As Rearing Diet, Peter George N. Njagi, Baldwyn Torto

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Gregarious nymphs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) were more attracted to volatiles from mechanically damaged food plants used for rearing than to either the undamaged or damaged food plants not used as diet in Y-tube olfactometer assays. Comparative analysis of the volatile emissions from plants used for rearing and food plants not used for rearing, e.g. Sorghum bicolor, Pennisetum clandestinum, Schouwia thebaica, wheat (Triticum sp., var. 'Nyangumi'), Zygophyllum simplex, Heliotropium undulatum and Tribulus terrestris was carried out by GC, GC-EAD and GC-MS. Significant quantitative and qualitative differences were found in the volatile emissions and olfactory responses …

Oviposition Behavior Of Cotesia Flavipes And Goniozus Indicus, Larval Parasitoids Of The Lepidopteran Stemborer Chilo Partellus, Keiji Takasu, William A. Overholt

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Observing the opposition behavior of ingress-and-sting larval parasitoids of lepidopteran stemborers is difficult due to the cryptic feeding behavior of the hosts. A method for observing their opposition behavior was developed. An individual stemborer larva was introduced into a glass tube (0.7 cm in diameter; 7 cm in length) which contained a piece of maize stem (0.5-0.6 cm in diameter; 4-5 cm in length). The larva was allowed 14-20 h to feed on the maize and produce frass before introducing a single adult female parasitoid. Using this method, we observed the endoparasitoid Cotesia flavipes (CAMERON) and the ectoparasitoid Goniozus indicus …

Ultrastructural Changes In The Milk Gland Of Tsetse Glossina Morsitans Centralis (Diptera; Glissinidae) Female Infected By A Dna Virus, Rosemary C. Sang, Walter G.Z.O. Jura, Leonard H. Otieno, Peter Ogaja

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Milk glands, dissected out and collected from Glossina morsitans centralis (Machado) females, artificially inoculated at the third-instar larval stage with a virus suspension obtained from hypertrophied salivary glands of wild-caught virus-infected Glossina pallidipes (Austen), were processed for routine electron microscopy and examined for pathological changes. They were compared to milk glands dissected out from normal female G.m. centralis at the same stage of pregnancy cycle. Upon dissection there were notable physical differences between control and virus-infected milk glands. Histologically, some areas of the gland developed severe degeneration while other areas developed less severe pathological changes. Ultrastructural studies revealed the presence …

Functional Morphology And Anatomy Of The Polypneustic Lobes Of The Last Larval Instar Of Tsetse Flies, Glossina Spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), Jan Žďárek, František Weyda, Mathayo M.B. Chimtawi, David L. Denlinger

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

This study examines the external and internal anatomy of the polypneustic (respiratory) lobes in 8 species of tsetse larvae (Diptera: Glossinidae). In the more primitive fusca group, the respiratory lobes are either ring-like (Glossina longipennis) or partially divided into 2 lobes (G. brevipalpis). Two distinctly separated lobes are present in the palpalis group (G. palpalis, G. tachinoides, G. fuscipes) and in the morsitans group (G. morsitans, G. pallidipes, G. austeni). Air enters the polypneustic lobes through narrow slits (stigmata) on the tips of numerous small spiracular papillae that are arranged in rows on both the outer and inner surfaces of …

Genetics Of Resistance To Aphis Craccivora In Cowpea, S. M. Githiri, K. Ampong-Nyarko, E. O. Osir, P. M. Kimani

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Inheritance of aphid resistance and allelic relationships among sources of resistance was studied in the parents, F1, F2, F3, and backcross populations of cowpea crosses. Each 4-day old seedling was infested with five fourth-instar aphids. Seedling reaction was recorded 14-16 days after infestation when the susceptible check was killed. The segregation data from eight crosses between resistant and susceptible cowpea cultivars indicated that aphid resistance was inherited as a monogenic dominant trait. Segregation data from crosses among eight resistant cultivars indicated that one or two loci and modifier(s) were involved in the expression of resistance to aphids. It was suggested …

Chemoecological Role Of Mammalian Urine In Host Location By Tsetse, Glossina Spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), L. Chuka Madubunyi, A. Hassanali, W. Ouma, D. Nyarango, J. Kabii

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Trap catch size was used to investigate whether Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis could distinguish between the urine of the African buffalo, cattle, and waterbuck at Nguruman in southwest Kenya, NG2G traps baited with aged urine of these bovids caught significantly more of each tsetse than did the controls. The mean catch of either tsetse species in traps baited with aged urine of buffalo and cattle (tsetse hosts) and waterbuck (a nonhost) did not differ significantly. Aged urine from both tsetse hosts (buffalo and cattle) and the nonhost (waterbuck) was found to contain 4-cresol and 3-n-propylphenol in about the same …

Functional Responses Of Iphiseius Degenerans And Neoseiulus Teke (Acari: Phytoseiidae) To Changes In The Density Of The Cassava Green Mite, Mononychellus Tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae), F. E. Nwilene, G. Nachman

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The functional responses of pintonymph and adult female Iphiseius degenerans and Neoseiulus teke to increasing density of three stages of their prey, the cassava green mite (CGM), Mononychellus tanajoa, were studied on excised cassava leaf discs under laboratory conditions. The responses obtained were predominantly sigmoid type III curves with the highest plateau when both stages of I. degenerans and N. teke were preying on CGM eggs. In all cases, the predation rate of the former species exceeded that of the latter. The empirical data were fitted by four different models. From the models, the attack coefficient (a') and handling time …

Birds Of The Cedar Point Biological Station Area, Keith And Garden Counties, Nebraska: Seasonal Occurrence And Breeding Data, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown, Paul A. Johnsgard, Josef Kren, William C. Scharf

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

The North Platte River valley (elev. ca 3300 ft/990 m) in Garden and Keith counties, Nebraska, has an avifauna of 305 species, the richest known north of Texas in the Great Plains. More than 25 years of observations, mist-netting, banding, and breeding-bird surveys by the authors and others have revealed 104 breeding, 17 probably breeding, and 184 transient, casual, and accidental species. Hybridization of eastern with western species is evidenced by intermediates between Rose-breasted and Black-headed grosbeaks, Indigo and Lazuli buntings, Eastern and Spotted towhees, Baltimore and Bullock's orioles, and yellow- and red-shafted morphs of Northern Flicker; Eastern and Western …

Intraspecific Life History Variation In Sceloporus Undulatus: A Factor Analysis, Geoffrey R. Smith, John W. Rowe, Royce E. Ballinger

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

We examined life history variation in the lizard, Sceloporus undulatus, across its range. Data from published studies on 14 populations of S. undulatus were analyzed using factor analysis. Four factors were generated from the data. Factor 1 reflected the influence of body size on lizard life histories and explained 31% ofthe variance in S. undulatus life histories. Factor 2 represented the negative relationship of relative clutch mass and number of clutches per year and explained 17% of the variance. The third factor had strong positive loadings of egg mass, age at maturity, and adult survivorship, with a weaker negative …

Macrophyte Production, Fish Herbivory, And Water Quality In A Tailwater Reservoir- Lake Ogallala, Nebraska, Douglas D. Harris, Michael P. Gutzmer

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Nebraska Public Power District (NPPD) began monitoring aquatic-macrophyte production in Lake Ogallala, Nebraska, in 1989 because the lake provides cooling water for a coal-fired electricity generating facility-Gerald Gentleman Station (GGS). Large mats of macrophytes in the cooling water caused several trips of the generating units at GGS, at considerable cost to NPPD. The plants also support macroinvertebrates that supply food for the trout fishery in and downstream of the lake. Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton spp., Myriophyllum sibiricum, and Zannichellia palustris were the most commonly observed plants. In the early 1990s, macrophyte production declined to very low levels. Fresh-weight biomass …

The Unionid Mollusks Of The Big And Little Nemaha River Basins Of Southeastern Nebraska And Northeastern Kansas, Ellet Hoke

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

A qualitative survey of the unionid mollusks of the Nemaha basins resulted in the recovery of twenty-seven taxa and the confirmation of one additional taxon through museum records. The channelization of the basins, combined with siltation and possibly the impacts of various pollutants, have severely impacted the bivalve fauna of the region, eliminating of as many as 61 percent of the documented unionid taxa of the basins.

Innovative Teaching Strategies In A Large, Introductory Level Geology Class At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, Sanford S. Kaplan

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

During the Spring Semester of 1995-96, a large introductory- level geology class, Life of the Past, was re-structured from a traditional lecture format into a format that incorporated journaling, group work, cooperative learning, group presentations, self-assessment, and lectures. Some minor adjustments were made at the half-way point because of suggestions made on mid-semester evaluations. Based on a questionnaire distributed to randomly-selected former students, the overall class performance, and the final class evaluation, the new format was judged highly successful.

Mutations In Trans-Acting Factors Affecting Mrna Decapping In Saccharomyces Cereviciae, Lianna K. Etchberger, C. A. Stevens, A. Stevens, R. Parker

Biology Faculty Publications

The decay of several yeast mRNAs occurs by a mechanism in which deadenylation precedes decapping and subsequent 5'-to-3' exonucleolytic decay. In order to identify gene products required for this process of mRNA turnover, we screened a library of temperature-sensitive strains for mutants with altered mRNA degradation. We identified seven mutations in four genes that inhibited mRNA turnover. Two mutations were alleles of the XRN1 5'-to-3' exoribonuclease known to degrade mRNAs following decapping. One mutation defined a new gene, termed DCP1, which in subsequent work was demonstrated to encode a decapping enzyme or a necessary component of a decapping complex. The …

Numerical Chromosome Abnormalities In Sperm From Oligoasthenoteratozoospermic Patients And Fertile Males, Myung-Geol Pang

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Artificial fertilization protocols have been developed which bypass natural barriers for reproduction. One aspect of infertility which has received little attention is the potential importance of aneuploidy in sperm. To more clearly understand the cytogenetic make-up of sperm from OAT patients, multi-probe, multi-color FISH was performed to determine aneuploidy.

The introduction of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has revolutionized protocols used in in vitro fertilization centers. The pregnancies resulting from ICSI suggest an increased frequency of sex chromosome aneuploidy in livebirths. Preliminary data by others' suggest that sperm tail swelling patterns following hypo-osmotic swelling (HOST) can be predictive of fertilizing ability. …

Fate Of Biological Control Introductions: Monitoring An Australian Fungal Pathogen Of Grasshoppers In North America, Michael J. Bidochka, Scott R. A. Walsh, Mark E. Ramos, Raymond J. St. Leger, Julie Cl Silver, Donald W. Roberts

Biology Faculty Publications

In North America there are two generally recognized pathotypes (pathotypes 1 and 2) of the fungus Entomophaga grylli which show host-preferential infection of grasshopper subfamilies. Pathotype 3, discovered in Austra- lia,hasabroadergrasshopperhostrangeandwasconsidered to be a good biocontrol agent. Between 1989 and 1991 patho- type3wasintroducedattwofieldsitesinNorthDakota.Since resting spores are morphologically indistinguishable among pathotypes, we used pathotype-specific DNA probes to con- firm pathotype identification in E. grylli-infected grasshop- pers collected at the release sites in 1992, 1993, and 1994. In 1992, up to 23% of E. grylli-infected grasshoppers of the subfamilies Melanoplinae, Oedipodinae, and Gomphocerinae were infected by pathotype 3,with no infections >1 km …

1996 Weed Science Research Report, Ndsu Weed Science, Dept. Of Plant Sciences

Plant Sciences Weed Science Reports

The Weed Science team at North Dakota State University conduct field research in the State of North Dakota. This specific document reports on field research conducted in 1996. It includes work on several crops and the management of several weeds in North Dakota.

Progress Report : 1996 / Cattle Industry Compensation Act Research Advisory Committee., J Allen, J Heatherington, M Norton, B Mackintosh, W Standing

Research Reports

The Cattle Industry Compensation Fund was established under the Cattle Industry Compensation Aet 1965. Monies received on cattle sales by the Commissioner for State Taxation are paid into the Fund and matched by State Government appropriation.

Funds are held to compensate producers for losses incurred in disease eradication programs, to promote and encourage scientific research for improvement of cattle health and promotion and for purposes that, in the opinion of the Minister, will promote and encourage the cattle industry

An Advisory Committee, established by the Hon. Minister for Primary Industry makes recommendations for funding on a project basis. The Advisory …

Sustainable Worm Control In Sheep, Robert Wroth

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Deciding on the best worm control program for your farm can be a complex matter, but guidelines in this article by Robert Wroth should make it simpler.

Department Of Fisheries Annual Report 1995-1996, Department Of Fisheries, Western Australia

Department of Fisheries Annual Reports

In accordance with Section 62 of the Financial Administration and Audit Act 1985, I submit for your information and presentation to Parliament the Annual Report of the Fisheries Department for the financial year ending 30 June 1996.

The Annual Report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Financial Administration and Audit Act 1985 and Section 263 of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994.

The Arabidopsis Homeotic Genes Apetala3 And Pistillata Are Sufficient To Provide The B Class Organ Identity Function, Beth A. Krizek, Elliot M. Meyerowitz

Faculty Publications

The class B organ identity genes, APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, are required to specify petal and stamen identity in the Arabidopsis flower. We show here that the activities of these two genes are sufficient to specify petals and stamens in flowers, in combination with the class A and C genes, respectively. Flowers of plants constitutively expressing both PISTILLATA and APETALA3 under the control of the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus consist of two outer whorls of petals and inner whorls of stamens. These plants also exhibit vegetative phenotypes that are not present in either of the singly (APETALA3 …

Population Genetics And Gene Variation In Screwworms (Diptera: Calliphoridae) From Brazil, David B. Taylor, Richard D. Peterson Ii, Gonzalo E. Moya-Borja

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Allozyme variation in New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), populations from Brazil was examined. Variability was observed in 8 of 13 enzyme loci and the frequency of the most common allele was <0.95 for seven loci. Observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.159 and 0.165, respectively. Comparisons of the Brazilian populations with previously studied populations from Costa Rica resulted in Nei's genetic distances of between 0.000 and 0. 006, with the greatest distance being between populations within Brazil. Comparisons with Mexican populations using only three loci resulted in genetic distances ≤0.031. Goodness-of-fit statistics for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Wright's F statistics indicated small deviations from expected equilibrium genotype frequencies and low levels of differentiation between populations within Brazil. Differentiation among screwworm populations from Brazil, Costa Rica, and Mexico was minimal.

Estimation Of Rice Yield Losses Due To The African Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia Oryzivora Harris And Gagne, Souleymane Nacro, E. A. Heinrichs, D. Dakouo

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagne (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is an important pest of rice, Oryza sativa, in Burkina Faso as well as other countries in West and East Africa. In spite of its importance, little is known regarding the relationship between gall midge populations and grain yield losses. To determine yield losses, the gall midge was reared in cages, and adult midges were placed on caged plants of the rice variety ITA 123 at different population levels. The seven treatments consisted of different numbers of insects infested on the plants: 0 insect pairs (noninfested check), …