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- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (31)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 82
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Comparison Of Age-Frequency Distributions For Ocean Quahogs Arctica Islandica On The Western Atlantic Us Continental Shelf, Sara M. Pace, Eric N. Powell, Roger L. Mann, M. Chase Long
Comparison Of Age-Frequency Distributions For Ocean Quahogs Arctica Islandica On The Western Atlantic Us Continental Shelf, Sara M. Pace, Eric N. Powell, Roger L. Mann, M. Chase Long
VIMS Articles
Geographic differences in the age structure of 4 populations of ocean quahogs Arctica islandica throughout the range of the stock within the US exclusive economic zone were examined. The ages of animals fully recruited to the commercial fishery (≥80 mm shell length) were estimated using annual growth lines in the hinge plate. The observed age frequency from each site was used to develop an age−length key enabling reconstruction of the population age frequency for the site. Within-site variability was high for both age-at-length and length-at-age; a single age−length key could not be applied and would not result in accurate age …
A Communal Catalogue Reveals Earth’S Multiscale Microbial Diversity, Luke R. Thompson, Jon G. Saunders, Et Al, Earth Microbiome Project Consortium, Donglai Gong
A Communal Catalogue Reveals Earth’S Multiscale Microbial Diversity, Luke R. Thompson, Jon G. Saunders, Et Al, Earth Microbiome Project Consortium, Donglai Gong
VIMS Articles
Our growing awareness of the microbial world's importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple …
Performance Of A Low-Cost, Solar-Powered Pop-Up Satellite Archival Tag For Assessing Post-Release Mortality Of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus) Caught In The Us East Coast Light-Tackle Recreational Fishery, William M. Goldsmith, Andrew M. Scheld, John Graves
Performance Of A Low-Cost, Solar-Powered Pop-Up Satellite Archival Tag For Assessing Post-Release Mortality Of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus) Caught In The Us East Coast Light-Tackle Recreational Fishery, William M. Goldsmith, Andrew M. Scheld, John Graves
VIMS Articles
Pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) are a valuable tool for estimating mortality of pelagic fishes released from commercial and recreational fishing gears. However, the high cost of PSATs limits sample sizes, resulting in low-precision post-release mortality estimates with little management applicability. We evaluate the performance of a lower-cost PSAT designed to enable large-scale post-release mortality studies. The tag uses solar rather than battery power, does not include a depth sensor, and transmits daily summaries of light and temperature data rather than high-resolution habitat profiles, contributing to a substantially lower per-unit price. We assessed the tag’s ability to detect mortality while …
Identifying Critical Recruitment Bottlenecks Limiting Seedling Establishment In A Degraded Seagrass Ecosystem, J Statton, Lr Montoya, R J. Orth, Kw Dixon, Ga Kendrick
Identifying Critical Recruitment Bottlenecks Limiting Seedling Establishment In A Degraded Seagrass Ecosystem, J Statton, Lr Montoya, R J. Orth, Kw Dixon, Ga Kendrick
VIMS Articles
Identifying early life-stage transitions limiting seagrass recruitment could improve our ability to target demographic processes most responsive to management. Here we determine the magnitude of life-stage transitions along gradients in physical disturbance limiting seedling establishment for the marine angiosperm, Posidonia australis. Transition matrix models and sensitivity analyses were used to identify which transitions were critical for successful seedling establishment during the first year of seed recruitment and projection models were used to predict the most appropriate environments and seeding densities. Total survival probability of seedlings was low (0.001), however, transition probabilities between life-stages differed across the environmental gradients; seedling recruitment …
Reef Height Drives Threshold Dynamics Of Restored Oyster Reefs, Allison M. Colden, Robert J. Latour, Rom Lipcius
Reef Height Drives Threshold Dynamics Of Restored Oyster Reefs, Allison M. Colden, Robert J. Latour, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
Nonlinear threshold responses to biotic or abiotic forcing may produce multiple population trajectories dependent upon initial conditions, which can reinforce population recovery or drive local ex - tinction, yet experimental tests of this phenomenon are lacking in marine ecosystems. In field experiments at 4 sites in 2 tributaries of lower Chesapeake Bay, we examined demographic responses (density and survival) of eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica populations to reef height and associated gradients in sediment deposition and habitat complexity. After 2 yr, oyster reefs exhibited diverging trajectories to ward either degradation or persistence, dependent upon initial reef height. Reefs higher than 0.3 …
Collection Techniques For The Analyses Of Pathogens In Crustaceans, Jeffrey D. Shields
Collection Techniques For The Analyses Of Pathogens In Crustaceans, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
Outbreaks of diseases have been reported from a number of ecologically or commercially important crustaceans in tropical, temperature, and boreal waters. The etiology of a disease is often unknown prior to these outbreaks and the effect of the pathogen on the host population is poorly understood. Various techniques can be used to collect, identify, and monitor host populations for pathogens. These include classical methods, such as visual or histological assessment, to more refined techniques, such as simple and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. The strengths and weaknesses of the different methods are presented as well as some general guidelines for …
Bottom-Up Control Of Parasites, David S. Johnson, Richard Heard
Bottom-Up Control Of Parasites, David S. Johnson, Richard Heard
VIMS Articles
Parasitism is a fundamental ecological interaction. Yet we understand relatively little about the ecological role of parasites compared to the role of free-living organisms. Bottom-up theory predicts that resource enhancement will increase the abundance and biomass of free-living organisms. Similarly, parasite abundance and biomass should increase in an ecosystem with resource enhancement. We tested this hypothesis in a landscape-level experiment in which salt marshes (60,000 m2 each) received elevated nutrient concentrations via flooding tidal waters for 11 yr to mimic eutrophication. Nutrient enrichment elevated the densities of the talitrid amphipod, Orchestia grillus, and the density and biomass of its …
Impact Of Disease On The Survival Of Three Commercially Fished Species, John M. Hoenig, Maya L. Groner, Matthew W. Smith, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, David M. Taylor, Donald F. Landers, John T. Swenarton, David T. Gauthier, Philip W. Sadler, Mark A. Matsche, Ashley N. Haines, Hamish J. Small, Roger Pradel, Remi Choquet, Jeffrey D. Shields
Impact Of Disease On The Survival Of Three Commercially Fished Species, John M. Hoenig, Maya L. Groner, Matthew W. Smith, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, David M. Taylor, Donald F. Landers, John T. Swenarton, David T. Gauthier, Philip W. Sadler, Mark A. Matsche, Ashley N. Haines, Hamish J. Small, Roger Pradel, Remi Choquet, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
Recent increases in emergent infectious diseases have raised concerns about the sustainability of some marine species. The complexity and expense of studying diseases in marine systems often dictate that conservation and management decisions are made without quantitative data on population-level impacts of disease. Mark-recapture is a powerful, underutilized, tool for calculating impacts of disease on population size and structure, even in the absence of etiological information. We applied logistic regression models to mark-recapture data to obtain estimates of disease-associated mortality rates in three commercially important marine species: snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in Newfoundland, Canada, that experience sporadic epizootics of bitter …
Community Interactions And Density Dependence In The Southeast United States Coastal Shark Complex, Cassidy D. Peterson, Kristene D. Parsons, Dana M. Bethea, William B. Driggers Iii, Robert J. Latour
Community Interactions And Density Dependence In The Southeast United States Coastal Shark Complex, Cassidy D. Peterson, Kristene D. Parsons, Dana M. Bethea, William B. Driggers Iii, Robert J. Latour
VIMS Articles
Studies aiming to assess intra- and interspecies community relationships in marine habitats are typically limited to accessible, nearshore areas of restricted temporal and spatial scale, within which only segments of the populations of interest are available. Using multivariate first-order auto regressive state-space (MARSS-1) models, we estimated measures of interspecies interactions and density dependence of 7 Atlantic coastal shark species (4 large and 3 small coastal sharks) at 2 spatial scales. Localized analyses were based on data from 4 relatively spatially limited, fishery-independent surveys conducted along the southeast US Atlantic coast and within the Gulf of Mexico. We then compared these …
Spatiotemporal Trends And Drivers Of Fish Condition In Chesapeake Bay, Robert J. Latour, James Gartland, Christopher F. Bonzek
Spatiotemporal Trends And Drivers Of Fish Condition In Chesapeake Bay, Robert J. Latour, James Gartland, Christopher F. Bonzek
VIMS Articles
Measures of condition in fishes are often used to assess the general well-being of fish populations since condition reflects the biotic and abiotic factors experienced by individuals over moderate time scales. Fish condition can also be used as an indicator of ecosystem suitability in the context of ecosystem-based management. From an ecosystem perspective, evaluation of fish condition is best described over multiple spatiotemporal scales and in a multi-species context. This study analyzed 14 yr (2002-2015) of fisheries-independent trawl survey data to evaluate trends in condition for 16 demersal fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the USA. Seasonal and …
Sea Level Rise May Increase Extinction Risk Of A Saltmarsh Ontogenetic Habitat Specialist, David S. Johnson, Bethany L. Williams
Sea Level Rise May Increase Extinction Risk Of A Saltmarsh Ontogenetic Habitat Specialist, David S. Johnson, Bethany L. Williams
VIMS Articles
Specialist species are more vulnerable to environmental change than generalist species. For species with ontogenetic niche shifts, specialization may occur at a particular life stage making those stages more susceptible to environmental change. In the salt marshes in the northeast U.S., accelerated sea level rise is shifting vegetation patterns from flood-intolerant species such as Spartina patens to the flood-tolerant Spartina alterniflora. We tested the potential impact of this change on the coffee bean snail, Melampus bidentatus, a numerically dominant benthic invertebrate with an ontogenetic niche shift. From a survey of eight marshes throughout the northeast U.S., small snails …
Tidal Habitats Support Large Numbers Of Invasive Blue Catfish In A Chesapeake Bay Subestuary, Troy D. Tuckey, Mary C. Fabrizio, Robert J. Latour, Alicia J. Norris, Gary C. White
Tidal Habitats Support Large Numbers Of Invasive Blue Catfish In A Chesapeake Bay Subestuary, Troy D. Tuckey, Mary C. Fabrizio, Robert J. Latour, Alicia J. Norris, Gary C. White
VIMS Articles
The introduction of a non-native freshwater fish, blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus, in tributaries of Chesapeake Bay resulted in the establishment of fisheries and in the expansion of the population into brackish habitats. Blue catfish are an invasive species in the Chesapeake Bay region, and efforts are underway to limit their impacts on native communities. Key characteristics of the population (population size, survival rates) are unknown, but such knowledge is useful in understanding the impact of blue catfish in estuarine systems. We estimated population size and survival rates of blue catfish in tidal habitats of the James River subestuary. We tagged …
Understanding Changes In Seagrass Communities, Sarah Nuss, Celeste Venolia
Understanding Changes In Seagrass Communities, Sarah Nuss, Celeste Venolia
VIMS Articles
Seagrass is an incredibly valuable habitat in the Chesapeake Bay. Students will use mock seagrass patches, modeled after a research transect along Goodwin Island, Virginia, to analyze change in seagrass percent cover during, and following, a major die-off event in 2010. Students also analyze water quality graphs from the same time period to help them determine why the die-off may have occurred.
New Insight Into The Transmission Dynamics Of The Crustacean Pathogen Hematodinium Perezi (Dinoflagellata) Using A Novel Sentinel Methodology, Jeffrey D. Shields, Juan Pablo Huchin-Mian Huchin-Mian, Pattie A. O’Leary, Hamish J. Small
New Insight Into The Transmission Dynamics Of The Crustacean Pathogen Hematodinium Perezi (Dinoflagellata) Using A Novel Sentinel Methodology, Jeffrey D. Shields, Juan Pablo Huchin-Mian Huchin-Mian, Pattie A. O’Leary, Hamish J. Small
VIMS Articles
Hematodinium perezi causes disease and mortality in several decapod crustaceans along the eastern seaboard and Gulf coast of the USA. The route of transmission of the parasite is unknown, but infections exhibit a sharp seasonal cycle in its primary host, the blue crab Callinectes sapidus, that indicates the possibility of a short transmission period in its life cycle. We developed a sentinel methodology based on the use of naïve, uninfected, early benthic juvenile crabs (instars C1 to C10) to investigate the transmission of H. perezi. Crabs were collected from a non-endemic site, held for a short period for evaluation, and …
Submersed Aquatic Vegetation In Chesapeake Bay: Sentinel Species In A Changing World, R J. Orth, William C. Dennison, Jonathan S. Lefcheck, Cassie Gurbisz, Michael Hannam, Jennifer Keisman, J. Brooke Landry, Ken Moore, Rebecca R. Murphy, Christopher J. Patrick, Jeremy Testa, Donald E. Weller, David J. Wilcox
Submersed Aquatic Vegetation In Chesapeake Bay: Sentinel Species In A Changing World, R J. Orth, William C. Dennison, Jonathan S. Lefcheck, Cassie Gurbisz, Michael Hannam, Jennifer Keisman, J. Brooke Landry, Ken Moore, Rebecca R. Murphy, Christopher J. Patrick, Jeremy Testa, Donald E. Weller, David J. Wilcox
VIMS Articles
Chesapeake Bay has undergone profound changes since European settlement. Increases in human and livestock populations, associated changes in land use, increases in nutrient loadings, shoreline armoring, and depletion of fish stocks have altered the important habitats within the Bay. Submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) is a critical foundational habitat and provides numerous benefits and services to society. In Chesapeake Bay, SAV species are also indicators of environmental change because of their sensitivity to water quality and shoreline development. As such, SAV has been deeply integrated into regional regulations and annual assessments of management outcomes, restoration efforts, the scientific literature, and popular …
History Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, David M. Schulte
History Of The Virginia Oyster Fishery, Chesapeake Bay, Usa, David M. Schulte
VIMS Articles
Oyster populations in Virginia's waters of Chesapeake Bay were lightly exploited until the early 1800s, when industrial fishery vessels first arrived, driven south from New England due to the collapse of northeastern oyster fisheries. Early signs of overexploitation and habitat degradation were evident by the 1850s. The public fishery, where oyster fishers harvest on state-owned bottom, rapidly developed after the Civil War and peaked in the early 1880s. Declines were noted by the late 1880s and eventually prompted the creation of Virginia's shell-planting and oyster-seed (young-of-the-year, YOY) moving repletion program in the 1920s. Despite management and increasing repletion efforts, the …
Satellite Tracking And Site Fidelity Of Short Ocean Sunfish, Mola Ramsayi, In The Galapagos Islands, Tierney M. Thys, Alex R. Hearn, Kevin C. Weng, John P. Ryan, César A Peñaherrera-Palm
Satellite Tracking And Site Fidelity Of Short Ocean Sunfish, Mola Ramsayi, In The Galapagos Islands, Tierney M. Thys, Alex R. Hearn, Kevin C. Weng, John P. Ryan, César A Peñaherrera-Palm
VIMS Articles
Ocean sunfishes, with their peculiar morphology, large size, and surface habits, are valuable assets in ecotourism destinations worldwide. This study investigates site fidelity and long-range movements of short ocean sunfish, Mola ramsayi (Giglioli 1883), at Punta Vicente Roca (PVR) off Isabela Island in the Galapagos Islands. Five individuals were tracked between 32 and 733 days using ultrasonic receivers and transmitters. Two of the 5 were also tracked with towed pop-off satellite tags. One travelled to the equatorial front covering 2700 km in 53 days, with dive depths in the upper 360 m at temperatures between 9.2°C and 22°C. During its …
Multifaceted Biodiversity Hotspots Of Marine Mammals For Conservation Priorities, Camille Albouy, Valentine L. Delattre, Bastien Merigot, Christine N. Meynard, Fabien Leprieur
Multifaceted Biodiversity Hotspots Of Marine Mammals For Conservation Priorities, Camille Albouy, Valentine L. Delattre, Bastien Merigot, Christine N. Meynard, Fabien Leprieur
VIMS Articles
Aim: Identifying the multifaceted biodiversity hotspots for marine mammals and their spatial overlap with human threats at the global scale.
Role Of Habitat And Predators In Maintaining Functional Diversity Of Estuarine Bivalves, Cassandra N. Glaspie, Rochell D. Seitz
Role Of Habitat And Predators In Maintaining Functional Diversity Of Estuarine Bivalves, Cassandra N. Glaspie, Rochell D. Seitz
VIMS Articles
Habitat loss is occurring rapidly in coastal systems worldwide. In Chesapeake Bay, USA, most historical oyster reefs have been decimated, and seagrass loss is expected to worsen due to climate warming and nutrient pollution. This loss of habitat may result in declining diversity, but whether diversity loss will equate to loss in ecosystem function is unknown. A bivalve survey was conducted in a variety of habitat types (seagrass, oyster shell, shell hash, coarse sand, detrital mud) in 3 lower Chesapeake Bay sub-estuaries from spring 2012 through summer 2013 to examine the correlation between bivalve densities, habitat type, habitat volume (of …
Climate Change Impacts On Southern Ross Sea Phytoplankton Composition, Productivity, And Export, Daniel E. Kaufman, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Walker O. Smith Jr., Eileen E. Hofmann, Michael S. Dinniman, John C. P. Hemmings
Climate Change Impacts On Southern Ross Sea Phytoplankton Composition, Productivity, And Export, Daniel E. Kaufman, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Walker O. Smith Jr., Eileen E. Hofmann, Michael S. Dinniman, John C. P. Hemmings
VIMS Articles
The Ross Sea, a highly productive region of the Southern Ocean, is expected to experience warming during the next century along with reduced summer sea ice concentrations and shallower mixed layers. This study investigates how these climatic changes may alter phytoplankton assemblage composition, primary productivity, and export. Glider measurements are used to force a one-dimensional biogeochemical model, which includes diatoms and both solitary and colonial forms of Phaeocystis antarctica. Model performance is evaluated with glider observations, and experiments are conducted using projections of physical drivers for mid-21st and late-21st century. These scenarios reveal a 5% increase in primary productivity …
Projections Of Climate-Driven Changes In Tuna Vertical Habitat Based On Species-Specific Differences In Blood Oxygen Affinity, Kas Mislan, Ca Deutsch, Richard Brill, Jp Dunne, Jl Sarmiento
Projections Of Climate-Driven Changes In Tuna Vertical Habitat Based On Species-Specific Differences In Blood Oxygen Affinity, Kas Mislan, Ca Deutsch, Richard Brill, Jp Dunne, Jl Sarmiento
VIMS Articles
Oxygen concentrations are hypothesized to decrease in many areas of the ocean as a result of anthropogenically driven climate change, resulting in habitat compression for pelagic animals. The oxygen partial pressure, pO(2), at which blood is 50% saturated (P-50) is a measure of blood oxygen affinity and a gauge of the tolerance of animals for low ambient oxygen. Tuna species display a wide range of blood oxygen affinities (i.e., P-50 values) and therefore may be differentially impacted by habitat compression as they make extensive vertical movements to forage on subdaily time scales. To project the effects of end-of-the-century climate change …
Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica [Gmelin, 1791]) Mortality At Prolonged Exposures To High Temperature And Low Salinity, Melissa Southworth, M. Chase Long, Roger L. Mann
Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica [Gmelin, 1791]) Mortality At Prolonged Exposures To High Temperature And Low Salinity, Melissa Southworth, M. Chase Long, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Mortality of two size classes (35 mm) of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica when exposed to combinations of low salinity (1, 2, 3, and 4) for extended periods (up to 30 days) at summer water temperatures typical of the Virginia Chesapeake Bay subestuaries was examined. A critical salinity-temperature combination of less than two at greater than 28 degrees C for more than 1 wk exposure for oyster mortality is suggested. A review of limited historical salinity-temperature tolerance data suggest selection of local populations of oysters having differing salinity tolerances. Such selection may prove critical to persistence of low-salinity populations in the …
Comparisons Of Different Instruments For Measuring Suspended Cohesive Sediment Concentrations, Yy Shao, Jpy Maa
Comparisons Of Different Instruments For Measuring Suspended Cohesive Sediment Concentrations, Yy Shao, Jpy Maa
VIMS Articles
Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the performances of four different instruments for measuring suspended cohesive sediment concentrations (SSCs). Among these instruments, two were different models of optical backscatter sensor (i.e., OBS3+ and OBS5+), one was an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (MicroADV), and the last was a laser infrared optical sensor developed at Hohai University, China (HHU-LIOS). Sediments collected from the Yangtze River Estuary and a commercially available kaolinite were selected to check the responses of these four instruments. They were placed in an aqueous solution, and the SSCs were changed within a range from about 10 mg/L to 30 g/L …
Asynchrony Among Local Communities Stabilises Ecosystem Function Of Metacommunities, Kr Wilcox, At Tredennick, Se Koerner, E Grman, Lm Hallett, David S. Johnson, Et Al.
Asynchrony Among Local Communities Stabilises Ecosystem Function Of Metacommunities, Kr Wilcox, At Tredennick, Se Koerner, E Grman, Lm Hallett, David S. Johnson, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Temporal stability of ecosystem functioning increases the predictability and reliability of ecosystem services, and understanding the drivers of stability across spatial scales is important for land management and policy decisions. We used species-level abundance data from 62 plant communities across five continents to assess mechanisms of temporal stability across spatial scales. We assessed how asynchrony (i.e. different units responding dissimilarly through time) of species and local communities stabilised metacommunity ecosystem function. Asynchrony of species increased stability of local communities, and asynchrony among local communities enhanced metacommunity stability by a wide range of magnitudes (1-315%); this range was positively correlated with …
Carbon Budget Of A Shallow, Lagoonal Estuary: Transformations And Source-Sink Dynamics Along The River-Estuary-Ocean Continuum, Jr Crosswell, Iris C. Anderson, Jw Stanhope, B Van Dam, Mark Brush, Et Al.
Carbon Budget Of A Shallow, Lagoonal Estuary: Transformations And Source-Sink Dynamics Along The River-Estuary-Ocean Continuum, Jr Crosswell, Iris C. Anderson, Jw Stanhope, B Van Dam, Mark Brush, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
A comprehensive carbon budget was constructed to quantify carbon flows through the freshwater-marine continuum of a temperate, microtidal estuary. We performed coordinated measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon and total organic carbon fluxes to resolve spatial variability between and along the channel and shoals and diel variability across the entire estuary for 2 yr. Net ecosystem metabolism (NEM) was the most significant control on carbon flow within estuary regions. However, metabolic rates were spatially coupled such that counteracting fluxes across the channel-shoal gradient or along the river-ocean gradient resulted in system-wide NEM that was closely in balance (-3.0 +/- 3.3 to …
Shelled Pteropods In Peril: Assessing Vulnerability In A High Co2 Ocean, C Manno, N Bednarsek, Ga Tarling, Vl Peck, S Comeau, Patricia S. Thibodeau, Et Al.
Shelled Pteropods In Peril: Assessing Vulnerability In A High Co2 Ocean, C Manno, N Bednarsek, Ga Tarling, Vl Peck, S Comeau, Patricia S. Thibodeau, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The impact of anthropogenic ocean acidification (OA) on marine ecosystems is a vital concern facing marine scientists and managers of ocean resources. Euthecosomatous pteropods (holoplanktonic gastropods) represent an excellent sentinel for indicating exposure to anthropogenic OA because of the sensitivity of their aragonite shells to the OA conditions less favorable for calcification. However, an integration of observations, experiments and modelling efforts is needed to make accurate predictions of how these organisms will respond to future changes to their environment. Our understanding of the underlying organismal biology and life history is far from complete and must be improved if we are …
Lipid Consumption In Coral Larvae Differs Among Sites: A Consideration Of Environmental History In A Global Ocean Change Scenario, Emily B. Rivest, Cs Chen, Ty Fan, Hh Li, Ge Hofmann
Lipid Consumption In Coral Larvae Differs Among Sites: A Consideration Of Environmental History In A Global Ocean Change Scenario, Emily B. Rivest, Cs Chen, Ty Fan, Hh Li, Ge Hofmann
VIMS Articles
The success of early life-history stages is an environmentally sensitive bottleneck for many marine invertebrates. Responses of larvae to environmental stress may vary due to differences in maternal investment of energy stores and acclimatization/adaptation of a population to local environmental conditions. In this study, we compared two populations from sites with different environmental regimes (Moorea and Taiwan). We assessed the responses of Pocillopora damicornis larvae to two future co-occurring environmental stressors: elevated temperature and ocean acidification. Larvae from Taiwan were more sensitive to temperature, producing fewer energy-storage lipids under high temperature. In general, planulae in Moorea and Taiwan responded similarly …
Replication And Shedding Kinetics Of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus In Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Ar Wargo, Rj Scott, B Kerr, G Kurath
Replication And Shedding Kinetics Of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus In Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Ar Wargo, Rj Scott, B Kerr, G Kurath
VIMS Articles
Viral replication and shedding are key components of transmission and fitness, the kinetics of which are heavily dependent on virus, host, and environmental factors. To date, no studies have quantified the shedding kinetics of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), or how they are associated with replication, making it difficult to ascertain the transmission dynamics of this pathogen of high agricultural and conservation importance. Here, the replication and shedding kinetics of two M genogroup IHNV genotypes were examined in their naturally co-evolved rainbow trout host. Within host virus replication began rapidly, approaching maximum values by day …
Low Apparent Survival And Heterogeneous Movement Patterns Of Invasive Blue Catfish In A Coastal River, Troy D. Tuckey, Mary C. Fabrizio, Aj Norris, M Groves
Low Apparent Survival And Heterogeneous Movement Patterns Of Invasive Blue Catfish In A Coastal River, Troy D. Tuckey, Mary C. Fabrizio, Aj Norris, M Groves
VIMS Articles
Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus were purposefully introduced into freshwater tributaries to Chesapeake Bay in the past, and populations have subsequently spread to new areas, negatively impacting native communities and causing concern for resource managers. To aid development of management strategies, we implemented a multiyear (2012-2015) tagging study of invasive Blue Catfish in a 40-km stretch of the Potomac River to estimate survival and assess movement patterns. Blue Catfish (N = 1,237) were captured by electrofishing and double-tagged to allow us to estimate tag retention rates; we used reward tags to increase reporting rates. Recaptured fish (N = 104; 8.4% return …
Condition Indices As Surrogates Of Energy Density And Lipid Content In Juveniles Of Three Fish Species, Rw Schloesser, Mary C. Fabrizio
Condition Indices As Surrogates Of Energy Density And Lipid Content In Juveniles Of Three Fish Species, Rw Schloesser, Mary C. Fabrizio
VIMS Articles
To guide the selection of condition indices for juvenile fishes, we compared the ability of several indirect condition indices (those based on length-mass relationships, the hepatosomatic index, and relative lipid estimates from the Distell fish fatmeter) to assess energy density and lipid content of Summer Flounder Paralichthys dentatus, Striped BassMorone saxatilis, and Atlantic Croakers Micropogonias undulatus. These species use estuarine areas as nurseries, but they have different life history strategies and ecological niches that affect their energy storage strategies. We tested hypotheses that differences in the distribution and role of lipids as energy stores among species would influence the suitability …