Life Sciences Commons^™

G85-741 Estrous Synchronization For Beef Cattle, Gene H. Deutscher

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the potential benefits of estrous synchronization, how the products and programs work, and the results and costs involved. Estrous (heat) synchronization can help beef producers improve production efficiency and economic returns. Controlling estrus and ovulation in cycling females means breeding is completed in a short period of time. Instead of females being bred over a 21-day period, synchronization can shorten the breeding period to less than 5 days, depending on the program selected. The use of synchronization has great potential for improving beef production, but it requires good management for success. Producers should understand the advantages, as …

G85-752 Strawberry Cultivars For Nebraska, William A. Gustafson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The purpose of this NebGuide is to help you make the proper strawberry cultivar* (variety) selection for your area of the state and individual needs.

Proper strawberry cultivar selection is important for successful and satisfying results. Cultivar selection should be based on the family's intended use of the strawberry fruit (i.e. dessert use, freezing or preserves); on labor available to harvest the strawberries; and on available growing space.

G85-753 Irrigation Scheduling Using Crop Water Use Data, C. Dean Yonts, Norman L. Klocke

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes using the "checkbook" method to schedule irrigations based on crop water use data.

Irrigation scheduling determines when and how much water to apply to meet crop demand. Soil water status and current crop water use are key factors for scheduling irrigations. Field observations and crop growth stage are important, but scheduled irrigations result in better rainfall use while avoiding crop water stress or excessive irrigation.

G85-761 Feed Additives For Beef Cattle, Rick Stock, Terry L. Mader

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses feed additives, including how they work, feeding restrictions and feeding recommendations.

One of the best methods to reduce feed costs is through the use of feed additives. Their primary effects are to improve feed efficiency and/or daily gain. Some feed additives have secondary benefits which include reducing the incidence of acidosis, coccidiosis, and grain bloat, while others suppress estrus, reduce liver abscesses, or control foot rot problems.

Feed additives can be divided into five general categories: 1) ionophores; 2) antibiotics; 3) estrus suppressants; 4) buffers; and 5) others. Each feed additive has its own characteristics and feeding …

Heg85-204 'Til Death Do Us Part...From The Minute After, Kathleen Prochaska-Cue

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide tells what to do after the death of a loved one, and how to plan to make your death easier for your survivors.

Death is a subject most people are uncomfortable discussing. But discussion and planning in advance of the death of someone close to you can save anguish -- and dollars.

This publication provides a checklist of what needs to be done immediately after a death, including a list of who needs to be notified, guidelines for decision-making immediately and sometime after death, sources of help for the survivors and suggestions on how to make your death …

Heg85-202 Cash Flow Planning Form: For Household Expenses, Kathleen Prochaska-Cue

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide provides detailed step-by-step instructions for filling out a cash flow plan for household living expenses.

What Is Cash Flow Planning?

A cash flow plan shows the sources, amounts and timing of income and expenses. It shows when major expenses will come, when you will need credit and when you can plan for other major expenses. A cash flow plan is usually for one year, but it can be for any time period you choose.

G85-751 Thatch Prevention And Control (Revised July 1992), Roch E. Gaussoin, Terrance P. Riordan

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes how thatch accumulation damages turfgrass sites, and gives methods for removing accumulations and preventing their reoccurrence.

Thatch is a problem on many turfgrass sites. It consists of a tightly intermingled layer of dead and decaying turfgrass tissues derived from stems, roots and leaves.

G85-750 Terrace Systems For Nebraska, Elbert C. Dickey, Tom Hamer, Delynn Hay, Paul J. Jasa

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes how different terrace shapes and systems can be used to reduce soil erosion losses on sloping fields. Loss of valuable topsoil to erosion prompted Nebraska farmers to build terraces as early as the 1920's. Current estimates indicate that water erodes as much as 140 million tons of soil annually from Nebraska's fields.

Ec85-107 Nebraska Proso Variety Tests, 1985, Lenis Alton Nelson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This circular is a progress report of variety trials conducted by personnel of the Panhandle Research and Extension Center and the High Plains and Northwest Agriculture Laboratories. Conduct of experiments and publication of results is a joint effort of the Agriculture Research Division and Cooperative Extension Service.

Ec85-414 Family Stress: Dealing With Blame, Virginia Molgaard

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

It's natural to look for someone or something to blame when things are not going well or when we are hurt or threatened. For example, persons threatened with the loss of the family farm may find their anguish eased a bit if they can find a place to put the blame.

This publication looks at how and why people blame each other, with emphasis on the current farm financial crisis. We will discover how to avoid blame that hurts us and the people we are blaming, and how to handle self-blame and being blamed by others.

G85-748 Prevention And Control Of Swine Dysentery, Gerald E. Duhamel, Alex Hogg, Barbara E. Straw

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the causes and symptoms of swine dysentery and offers management recommendations and treatment procedures for its prevention and control.

Swine dysentery is a highly contagious disease of growing and finishing pigs. First described in Indiana in 1921, it has been called black scours, bloody scours, and vibrionic dysentery.

Swine dysentery causes important financial losses because of reduced feed efficiency and lower weight gain, costs of medication and additional animal care, and death. Substantial costs may result from loss of sales of breeding stock, or depopulation when necessary. Serpula (Treponema) hyodysenteriae, a spiral bacterium, is the cause …

G85-747 Enteric Diseases (Scours) Of Swine, Alex Hogg, Alfonso Torres

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes four major enteric diseases of swine, and discusses the cause, clinical signs, differential diagnosis, treatment, and control of each.

Four of the most important infectious enteric diseases of swine are reviewed in this publication. These include colibacillosis, transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), rotavirus, and enterotoxemia (clostridial enteritis). A fifth disease, swine dysentery, is discussed in NebGuide G85-748.

G85-759 Prominent Congenital Defects In Nebraska Beef Cattle, J. L. Johnson, H. W. Leipold, Donald B. Hudson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes congenital defects that affect the economic value of beef cattle, and provides recommendations on how to minimize them in breeding programs.

Congenital defects are abnormalities of structure or function present at birth. They may be caused by genetic or environmental factors, or a combination of both. The causes of many defects remain unknown.

Developmental defects may be lethal, semi-lethal, or compatible with life, causing very little effect or only aesthetic effect.

With the increasing use of artificial insemination (AI) in cattle, defects are no longer rare occurrences and are important collectively to the cattle industry. Congenital defects …

G85-760 Natural Air Corn Drying, Richard O. Pierce, Thomas L. Thompson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses factors affecting natural air corn drying system performance, and gives recommendations for bins filled over a one- to two-day period.

Natural air drying is an energy efficient drying method that is particularly well suited to Nebraska weather conditions. A high quality dried product, with little of the stress cracking or heat damage associated with high temperature drying, is an added attraction. However, good management practices must be followed to achieve satisfactory drying results.

A major concern with this method is overloading the bin with corn too wet to be dried without spoilage or deterioration, especially when the …

G85-770 An Introduction To Grain Options On Futures Contracts, Lynn H. Lutgen, Lynne A. Todd

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication, the third of six NebGuides on agricultural grain options, explains how to use futures options as a marketing tool.

A new agricultural marketing tool is available to farmers. A futures agricultural option is much like an insurance policy. It is a marketing alternative that gives farmers insurance against unfavorable price moves, but allows producers to take advantage of favorable price moves. To better understand terms used in this paper, please see NebGuide G85-768, Basic Terminology For Understanding Grain Options.

G85-762 Soybean Yield Loss Due To Hail Damage, Charles A. Shapiro, T.A. Peterson, A.D. Flowerday

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the methods used by the hail insurance industry to assess yield loss due to hail damage in soybeans. A hailstorm can cause yield losses in soybeans ranging from slight to total destruction of the crop. Extensive research has been conducted to accurately predict the effects of hail damage on soybean yields. Results from these studies are used by hail insurance companies to assess yield losses and consequent adjustment made to clients. The information in this NebGuide should be valuable to producers facing replant decisions, and may also be useful in cases of insect damage. Yield loss predictions …

G85-766 Retaining Ownership Of Calves Or Yearlings, Paul Q. Guyer

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the advantages and disadvantages of retaining ownership of calves or yearlings until slaughter rather than selling them to a feeder.

Retaining ownership of weanlings or yearlings through to slaughter is a management and/or marketing option that can add to the profits of the calf producer or cattle grower. It is a way of expanding and diversifying the cattle enterprise. has the potential for greater profits for the rancher or grower than for the feeder who might buy them.

The cattle feeding industry exists because it has been a profitable business over the years. These profits have been …

G85-755 How To Set Goals For Your Breeding Program, Jeffrey F. Keown

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes how to determine which trait(s) to select for, and how multiple trait selection affects genetic progress.

Dairy producers are often concerned with placing emphasis on different production traits in their breeding program. Selecting on only economically important traits should be the objective of every producer. The use of artificial insemination (A.I.) sires is the most economical and productive way to increase the genetic potential of the herd.

A cow's record is a measure of her genetic potential, which is modified by the environment in which she is kept. Environmental factors that directly influence a cow's record include …

Grass Tetany, Paul Q. Guyer, Alex Hogg, Gene White

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Grass tetany is a nutritional or metabolic disorder in cattle characterized by low blood magnesium, yet it is not just a simple magnesium deficiency. It is also called grass staggers, wheat pasture poisoning and hypomagnesemia. It primarily affects older cows nursing calves under 8 weeks of age, but may also occur in young or dry cows and growing calves. It happens most frequently when cattle are grazing lush, immature grass, but occasionally occurs when cattle are fed dry forages (winter tetany).

G84-716 Management Of The Weanling Calf, Paul Q. Guyer, Donald B. Hudson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide outlines a program for preventing sickness and death losses in newly weaned calves, including stress prevention, vaccinations, nutrition, and treatment of sick calves.

Sickness and death loss following weaning robs both calf producers and cattle feeders of potential profits. The weanling calf has not acquired adequate immunity to the variety of diseases that plague the beef industry. At weaning and/or shipping, the calf is usually subjected to various stresses, in addition to being separated from its mother, that contribute to disease outbreaks. A program for minimizing weight loss, sickness, and death in newly weaned calves should include: 1) …

Ec84-406 Take Cover: A Guide To Selecting Furniture Fabrics, Margaret Boschetti, Stephanie Gill

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

There are two general categories of furniture fabrics: those meant for use as slipcovers, and those for use as upholstery. Slipcovers are designed to fit snugly and yet be removable for cleaning. Upholstery fabrics are generally heavier; they are nailed or stapled directly to the furniture's frame or bonded to the padding. They are not removable.

This publication is for persons considering an investment in upholstered furniture or upholstery fabric. It covers basic information on fabric components and construction to help the reader make a wise purchase.

Heg94-195 Credit: How To Establish, Protect, And Use It, Marilyn K. Sugden

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses how to obtain credit, suggests steps to take if credit is denied, and provides guidelines for managing your credit accounts.

Buy now -- pay later! How many times have you been encouraged to use future income to pay for present needs and wants? Indeed, credit has become a way of life for many American consumers. While abuse of credit has created problems for some, credit itself should not be viewed as a villain. When used properly, credit can be an effective tool to help individuals and families reach financial goals. While credit can be an important part …

G84-701 Septoria Leaf Blotch Of Wheat, John E. Watkins

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the symptoms and disease cycle of this wheat disease, and provides recommendations for its control.

Two species of Septoria fungi infect winter wheat in Nebraska. Septoria tritici and S. avenae f. sp. triticea cause Septoria leaf blotch. This disease is also known as "Septoria tritici blotch," "Septoria leaf spot," "Septoria blotch," "Speckled leaf blotch" or as the "Septoria complex" since both Septoria species may be present in the same fields and on the same plants.

G84-697 Ground Covers: Their Establishment And Maintenance (Revised June 1992), Don Steinegger, Luann Finke

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes how to plant and maintain ground covers to take advantage of their low-maintenance features.

Ground covers are low-growing plants, usually less than 12 inches tall, that spread to form dense mats which bind and hold the soil in place. Many also have a season of effective bloom. Turfgrass is the most common ground cover. However, sites that are less suitable for turfgrass, such as slopes, steep banks, and shaded areas, can often grow other ground covers successfully.

A well-established ground cover generally requires less maintenance than the typical turfgrass lawn. Ground covers are not totally maintenance-free, nor …

G84-709 Livestock Market Terms, Part Ii, Allen C. Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The second in a series of three, this NebGuide defines terminology used in general market and futures market reports.

Livestock producers and feeders and others involved with agriculture are exposed daily to market news articles and broadcasts.

Most people understand the terms used in the market news broadcasts and stories. Complete definitions of terms in the livestock marketing area are provided here to eliminate any misunderstanding of a market news broadcast or article.

G84-708 Livestock Market Terms, Part I, Allen C. Wellman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The first of a series of three, this NebGuide defines and categorizes general livestock and dressed meat terms, and different market types and marketing systems.

Livestock producers and feeders, lenders, owners of agribusiness firms and many others involved with agriculture listen to livestock market news broadcasts almost every hour of every weekday. The market information helps them make daily marketing buy-and-sell decisions.

Recent surveys indicate that accurate market news information, with commodity price reporting, ranked first in livestock marketing data needs priority with livestock producers, growers and finishers. The volatility of livestock prices, as influenced by local, national and international …

Heg84-199 Topstitching, Rose Marie Tondl

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the use of topstitching on jackets and coats, including techniques and materials required for a professional look.

Topstitching is an important yet distinctive finishing touch to a jacket or coat. Not only is it decorative, but a line of topstitching helps to keep interfacings in place, creates a neat, crisp edge on a tailored jacket, and accents seams. Topstitching can be done in various places on the garment, including lapels, pockets and pocket flaps, hems, cuffs, pleats, waistbands and major seams.

G84-718 Cannibalism: Cause And Prevention In Poultry, Earl W. Gleaves

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses reasons why cannibalism occurs in poultry, and provides management procedures for preventing it, including three methods of beak trimming.

Chickens, turkeys, pheasants and quail will literally pick each other to death at times. This problem can be very expensive for the producer and can make life for the flock very uncomfortable. Once cannibalism starts, it readily becomes a habit that must be stopped.

For our purposes, cannibalism includes feather pulling, toe pecking and head, wing, and tail picking. Prevention is much easier for man and bird than is treatment.

Ec84-1757 Who's Who In Great Plains Songbirds, Ron J. Johnson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Habitat is where wildlife live. It contains all things needed for survival, such as shelter, food, water, and space. There are different types of habitat, each supporting different kinds of wildlife. Examples of habitat types include woodlands or areas with trees, grasslands, old fields, brushy areas, or wetlands.

This publication describes several favorite birds and includes information on their special habitat needs, unique characteristics, nesting sites, where they are found, and their habits or behavior. If you want to help the feathered wildlife described in this publication - or just about any wildlife for that matter - think habitat. You …

G84-688 Brown Patch Disease Of Turfgrass (Revised June 1999), John E. Watkins, Robert C. Shearman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes the symptoms and disease cycle of brown patch and gives recommendations for its prevention and control through management, including use of fungicides.

Brown patch of turfgrass is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn. All commonly cultivated turfgrasses in Nebraska are affected by this disease, but differences in susceptibility exist within cultivars of the various turfgrass species. Primary hosts are bentgrass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue and annual bluegrass. Certain species of Rhizoctonia are capable of attacking turfgrass plants from seedling stage to mature plants and are pathogenic over a wide range of environmental conditions. In some literature, …