Life Sciences Commons^™

Control Of Dodder In Alfalfa Seed Crops, William Orvid Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) is a parasitic weed which attacks alfalfa, clovers, lespedeza, and many other species of plants. This pest is especially troublesome when these crops are grown to produce seed.

Control of dodder should increase the financial income of a seed producer in several ways. First, control should make it possible for a producer to raise seed of high quality which will command a better price; second, it should enable the producer to increase yields; and last, it should eliminate much of the cost of harvesting and cleaning his product.

Where dodder is present in seed, the grower …

Factors That Contribute To Success Of Selected Farm Ownership Borrowers In Utah, Grey M. Jensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Farming is a complex business. Financial success in farming is influenced by the organization and operation of the farm unit. The principal problem confronting farmers is knowing how to manage the resources to attain maximum income over a period of time. Combinations of resources involve problems relative to crops, livestock, machinery, labor, capital, credit, and many others. An attempt has been made in this study to measure the results of different combinations and operation of resources and to determine their association with financial success of the farm.

Factors Affecting Length Of Tenure Of Vocational Agriculture Teachers Who Are Recent Graduates Of Utah State Agricultural College, John M. Oglesby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since its beginning well over a quarter of a century ago, the Vocational Agriculture program has become an integral part of the American school system. The legislative groundwork for Vocational Agriculture, as well as all other vocational programs, was set in 1917 with the passing of the Smith-Hughes Act. Further related legislation was passed in 1929 and 1934, but the program received its greatest federal boost with the passing of the George-Deen Act in 1936 and the George-Barden Act in 1946, both of which provided for the annual expenditure of federal funds in support of vocational education. The George-Barden Law, …

The Economics Of Rural Residential Zoning In Utah County, Max K. Buchmiller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Change in the use to which land is put may affect the economic and social return from it. Land-use changes tend to be rather permanent in nature. They should be guided so that social welfare will be served best. Rural Zoning has developed from this need to direct change in land use in rural areas.

The Effect Of Limited Moisture Supply At Various Stages Of Growth On The Development And Production Of Hybrid Corn, Ralph E. Campbell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Corn occupies from 25 to 30 percent of the crop land harvested in the United States. In recent years the acreage devoted to corn in this country has been decidedly greater than that devoted to any other cultivated crop. In 1944 its dollar value exceeded the combined values of wheat, barley, rye, grain sorghums, and cotton.

Although South Dakota lies on the northwestern fringe of the corn belt, the corn crop is one of the most important in that state. Corn production in that area is somewhat unstable because of drought. Corn often fails to reach full maturity before the …

A Study Of Mineral Nutrition Of Range Cattle In Southeastern Utah, Robert J. Raleigh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cattlemen of south central Utah in Sevier and Wayne County areas have been plagued for the past twenty-five or thirty years by a malady known to the cattleman as "Brisket Disease." It is a chronic disease affecting both male and female of all ages. It is characterized in advance stages by enlargement of the brisket and throat regions, loss of appetite, a general unthrifty condition and marked ascites. The seriousness of the disease is indicated by a morbidity rate varying from one to five percent of the cattle grazing these areas with almost one hundred percent mortality rate.

Many of …

Inheritance Studies Of A Wheat Cross To Six Races Of Covered Smut, Douglas R. Dewey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Covered smut is a fungus disease that has caused serious losses of wheat for centuries. Its origin is not known, but it was well known to early Romans as evidenced by the fact that they had a god, Robigus, whose special work was to watch over crops to "avert the mildew" (45). It is often referred to as "bunt" or "stinking smut of wheat". Throughout this paper the term "bunt" will be used to designate this disease in order to avoid confusing it with other smuts of wheat.

Bunt is worldwide in its distribution, but it is especially prevalent in …

The Effect Of Stage Of Maturity On The Quality Of Lima Beans For Processing, Abdul Razzaq Abdul Rahman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lima bean* is one of the important vegetable crops in most of the countries where it is grown, including the United States of America. This crop is harvested for its green beans, which can also be processed, or allowed to mature as "dry beans."

The practice of growing lima beans for processing has indicated that quality and yield are influenced by many factors, among which the stage of maturity at time of harvest is possibly the most important.

Lima beans continue to increase in size until fully matured, but most processors agree th.at the green beans attain maximum quality prior …

Marketing Aspects Of Cattle Finishing Operations Major Cattle Finishing Areas Of Utah, 1951-52, Robert L. Fulton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

On January 1, 1952, 50,000 head of cattle were on feed for slaughter in the state of Utah (6). This was an increase over previous years. The average number of cattle on feed for slaughter January 1st during the 1948-52 period was 45,000 head. This number was 30 percent larger than the average number on feed during the 1943-47 period. As shown in figure 1, the number of cattle on feed has fluctuated from year to year. The years with the least number of cattle on feed were those in the early thirties during the depression and drought. Since 1936 …

Muskrat And Waterfowl Production And Harvest On Dingle Swamp, Bear Lake County, Idaho, Henry M. Reeves

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Dingle Swamp, a high altitude marsh, is located in the extreme southeastern corner of Idaho in Bear Lake Valley. The 16,000 acre marsh, one of the largest in the state, is separated from Bear Lake by only a narrow curved sandbar. Numerous islands, ponds, and channels diversify the characteristic bulrush vegetation of the marsh. The largest body of water, Mud Lake, is approximately 1 square mile in area. Several thousand muskrats and fair numbers of waterfowl, particularly Canada geese, are produced annually on the marsh.

A Chromatographic Study Of The Lower Fatty Acids Of Swiss Cheese As A Measure Of Quality, Dee R. Morgan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Importance of project:

A sweet hazelnut flavor, a pliant texture, and large, evenly distributed "eyes" characterize high quality Swiss of Emmenthaler cheese. The typical sweet flavor is chiefly due to bacteria which produce propionic acid, acetic acid, and carbon dioxide. The eyes are formed from the gas, mainly carbon dioxide, produced by these and other bacteria.

Krett and Stine (20) have found that the lower fatty acid content of a Swiss cheese generally indicates its quality.

A study of factors which may influence the amount and ratios of the volatile acids should be helpful in determining manufacturing and curing procedures …

A Comparison Of Formulae In The Manufacture Of Ice Milk, Glen Wilford Sargent

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ice milk is not a new product in the ice cream industry. Rather it is one that has gained only little popularity, except in the preparation of "malts" and "milk shakes"; however, within the last decade the gallonage of ice milk produced has more than doubled.

Ice milk has been relatively unimportant because of the difficulty of obtaining a product with acceptable quality. In recent years progressive ice milk manufacturers and research workers have discovered new ingredients and processing procedure that seem to produce favorable results.

This low-fat product has several merits that justify its recent popularity, such as low …

The Status And Management Of Pheasant Posted Hunting Areas In Utah, William G. Parsons

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since 1900 the ringneck pheasant Phasianus colchicus torquatus Gmelin has assumed major importance in the United states as an upland game bird. This is particularly evident in Utah where, in 1951, 76,000 hunters bagged an estimated one quarter million pheasants (8).

Some Of The Relationships Between Livestock Grazing And Duck Nesting In The Saltgrass Vegetation Type In Utah, Horatio W. Murdy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Little is known of the relationships between livestock grazing and duck nesting. This dearth of information occurs in spite of the fact that an understanding of these relationships is necessary in order to evaluate duck production on range land, and to formulate grazing policies for lands devoted to the production of ducks.

Recognizing the need for information on this subject, the Utah Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit and the Wildlife Management Institute jointly sponsored a study, during 1948-1949, of livestock grazing-duck nesting relationships in the saltgrass vegetation type in northern Utah. The study was financed by the Institute and supervised by …

Viability Of Seed Produced By Annual Weeds And Winter Wheat Treated With Herbicides, J. Wayne Whitworth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Large sums of money are spent annually for herbicides to control weeds in fall sown wheat. Many of these weeds are killed by such treatments while others survive and mature seed. Viability of seeds produced by weeds injured by systemic or growth regulator type herbicides has long been a matter of great interest, much speculation, and very little research. Data on this subject are needed in order to intelligently use chemicals for weed control.

The Effects Of Fertilizers On The Yield, Carotene Content And Tocopherol Content Of Ranger Alfalfa Hay In Utah, Charles Wm. Jones

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Alfalfa is generally regarded as one of the world's most valuable cultivated forage crops. Few crops, if any, are equal to it in capacity to produce heavy yields of highly nutritious, palatable feed. A combination of desirable attributes as a forage plant and adaptation to a wide diversity of soil and climatic conditions has led to the use of alfalfa in the world to an extent probably exceeding that of any other single legume or grass. Alfalfa constantly proves itself as a valuable feed for most types of livestock. This is especially true in the states where a large amount …

Effects Of Season, Spacing And Intensity Of Seeding On Emergence And Survival Of Four Wheatgrass Species In Central Utah, Edwin B. Abbott

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rehabilitation of deteriorated and abused range lands is being accomplished with greater success each year by the aid of better methods of seeding which include seedbed preparation, intensities of seeding, implements for planting and improved methods of eliminating competition. Much more information is needed, however, in order to recommend suitable methods and species for seeding various vegetation types and sones with reasonable reliability. Throughout the arid and semi-arid range lands, moisture is the principal factor limiting satisfactory seedling establishment. Special attention should therefore be given to more efficient utilization of the moisture supply. Closely related species or species with similar …

The Relationship Between Oxygen Consumption Of Excised Roots And Susceptibility To Chlorosis In Several Varieties Of Grapes, Walter J. Kochan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Chlorosis is a serious problem when varieties of Vitis labrusca are grown on calcerous soil. However, chlorosis is mild or non-existant in varieties of Vitis vinifera when grown on the same type of soil.

Salt Movement And Forage Crop Establishment In A Saline-Alkali Soil As Influenced By Ridges And Furrows, Sprinkler Irrigation, And Soil Amendments, D. C. Purnell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An estimated two to four million acres of irrigable saline and alkali soils of the United States return very little income to land owners (17,19). Increased needs for forage crops, and the relatively high salt and alkali tolerance of some improved forage species, once established, suggests a way of increasing revenue from some of these lands without costly reclamation.

The Influence Of Temperature Gradients On Soil Moisture Flow, Luigi Cavassa

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The isothermal movement of liquid water in saturated soil has been intensively studied, and a sound theoretical basis has been developed. Considerably less is known about the flow of water in unsaturated soils, but a general theory based on Darcy's law of flow is beginning to develop. A good theoretical basis exists for the vapor diffusion under isothermal conditions. Inconsistent data and theories are found in the literature concerning the movement of water in both the vapor and liquid phases, under the influence of thermal fields.

Studies In The Life History And Ecology Of The American Pintail (Anas Acuta Tzitzihoa Vieliot) In Utah, Robert W. Fuller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wildlife management has been defined as lithe manipulation of wild populations of vertebrate animals in their relation to man and his interests" Wildlife management, then, could not exist in the absence ot either wildlife or humans. Converting this idea to the waterfowl situation, we can say that there are no waterfowl problems other than as they exist in the minds of men. (Wil1s, 1951) These words by the Chief of the IllinoIs Natural History Survey precede a plea for fundamental facts and a basic understanding of waterfowl upon which sound management can in turn be based. l"or only through sound …

The Total Surface Of Some Soils As Related To Permeability And Water Retention Characteristics, Warren W. Rasmussen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

It is generally recognized that many of the chemical and physical properties of soils are dependent upon the surface activity of the finer soil fractions. The importance of the magnitude of the surface areas to such properties as base exchange, water-holding capacity, absorption of gases, and the plasticity of soils has been demonstrated. Attempts have been made to determine or estimate the surface of soils and soil fractions by various methods and to relate the values obtained to the physical and chemical characteristics exhibited by these materials. Most determinations have been based on calculations of surface area from mechanical analysis …

Inheritance Of Ten Characters In Barley Crosses, Hazim Ahmed Al-Jibouri

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Inheritance of many characters in barley has been studied, and two or more genes have been located in each of the seven pairs of chromosomes. Studies of the mode of inheritance of these characters will aid plant breeders materially in working with plants of diverse genetic make-up. Hybridization followed by selection and testing can improve present varieties by replacing them with new ones having more desirable characters.

Barley (Hordeum sp.) is one of the few species of plants widely distributed which is well adapted to genetical analysis. This plant has a lower number of chromosomes, complete self fertility, and a …

The Influence Of Time And Rate Of Application Of Urea Spray On The Yield And Protein Content Of Winter Wheat, Vern L. Marble

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Winter wheat, with an annual average acreage of about 300,000 acres, forms an integral part of the farm economy of Utah.

For many years intermountain agronomists and farmers alike have known dry-land wheat production to be limited by low summer rainfall. In the past 15 years, however, it has become apparent through intelligent research that in many cases lack of nitrogen has been the limiting factor. When this occurs, winter wheat production can be increased by correcting this nitrogen deficiency

A Linkage Study Of Chromosome Iv In Barley, Earl William Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Barley (Hordeum sp.) is a principal cereal crop throughout much of the world and is of great economic importance in the United States. Spring barley is a leading cereal crop in Utah.

Barley has many desirable characteristics which make it an excellent plant for genetic studies. Some of these characteristics are low chromosome number, almost complete self-fertilization, relative ease of hybridization, and easily classified hereditary characters.

The establishment of genes or factors at definite loci in linkage groups is a valuable aid in furthering breeding programs and the ultimate improvement of barley. All seven linkage groups have been established …

Merchandising Of Turkeys In The Principal Cities Of Utah, 1951-52, Joseph A. Bailey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The production of turkeys comprises an important part of the cash farm income in Utah. In 1951 the cash receipts from turkeys amounted to $13,986,000, or 7.4 percent of the cash income from all farm commodities (4). In the year 1951 Utah ranked seventh in the nation in turkey production (5). The production of turkeys has risen from a humble beginning to one of the important agriculture enterprises in Utah.

Whereas a portion of the crop can be marketed at home, approximately 90 percent of the turkeys must be shipped to eastern markets. The Utah Turkey Federation, together with the …

The Influence Of Amounts Of Propionibacterium Shermanii On Eye Formation And Flavor Of Swiss Cheese, Dan G. Turner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Swiss cheese has been rightly called "king of the cheeses." It has been prized the world over for its stately appearance and sweet "hazelnut" flavor. In grading Swiss cheese, these two things,appearance and flavor, are important considerations in determining the cheese score. Appearance is judges according to the number, type, and size of eyes present in the cheese, with color and body and texture also considered. Flavor is judges according to the degree of sweetness and the amount and kinds of off flavors present.

In the past, there has been considerable variation in the quality of the Swiss cheese produces. …

Mileage Per First Service As Affected By Shape Of Area And Number Of Cows Serviced By A Technician Of A Utah Artificial Breeding Association, Geren V. Howell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Artificial insemination of dairy cattle is one of the recent enterprises of dairymen in this area. It is an enterprise which has expanded rapidly and will likely continue to expand during the next few years. In this area the technician or inseminator collects from $6.00 to $10.00 at the time of first service. This entitles the dairyman to two repeat inseminations for that cow, if necessary, to get the cow pregnant. Of this amount the technician receives $2.75. A bonus payment is made so that technicians inseminating fewer than 500 cows receive a total payment of $3.60. The bonus payment …

The Cinnamon Teal (Anas Cyanoptera Vieillot): Its Life History, Ecology, And Management, Howard E. Spencer Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

It takes but a perusal of literature pertaining to waterfowl to realize the paucity of information regarding the Cinnamon Teal. The Redhead, Blue-winged Teal, and Canvasback have all been exhaustively studied by Low (1941). Bennett (1938), and Hochbaum (1944), respectively; and other species are now receiving attention from other workers. In order to help round out these studies of particular species, the writer undertook the project of a detailed study of the life history, ecology, and management of the Cinnamon Teal.

The Influence Of Temperature Gradients On Soil Moisture Flow, Luigi Gavazza

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The isothermal movement of liquid water in saturated soil has been intensively studied, and a sound theoretical basis has been intensively studied, and a sound theoretical basis has been developed. Considerably less is known about the flow of water in unsaturated soils, but a general theory based on Darcy’s law of flow is beginning to develop. A good theoretical basis exists for the vapor diffusion under isothermal conditions. Inconsistent data and theories are found in the literature concerning the movement of water in both the vapor and liquid phases, under the influence of thermal fields.