Life Sciences Commons^™

Economics Of Farm Flock Sheep Production In Northern Utah, Bruce E. Nielson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Throughout the history of mankind, sheep have played a very important and unique part in the economies of the world. They have been a source of meat, milk, skins and fiber. They have become adapted to nearly every kind of husbandry, from nomadic types to intensively managed flocks on small farms and have thrived under nearly all climatic conditions, ranging from sub-artic regions of Greenland to hot areas of the Mediterranean countries; from desert areas of Africa to wet lowland of England.

The Possible Competitive Position Of Utah Milk Concentrate On Selected Western Markets, Richard S. Magleby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the last two decades, Utah's market milk industry has changed from one of local processing and distribution by small-scale plants to one of state-wide distribution by large-scale dairies. At present, four large producer cooperatives control most of the state's market milk and six large processing plants accounts for more than 80 percent of the state's fluid milk sales.

Along with centralized processing and distribution has also come some centralization of production. Statistics recently published by Utah State University show that in 1957, 56 percent of the market milk produced in the state came from the five counties of Cache, …

The Influence Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Supplements On The Composition Of The Ruminal Ingesta Of Sheep Grazing Desert Range Forage, James G. Morris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Approximately 46 million acres or 88 per cent of the land area of the state of Utah has been classified by Reuss and Blanch (1951) as "range land open for grazing." Although some of this area cannot be grazed because of inaccessibility, lack of water, poison plants, and similar factors, it is estimated that some 40 million acres or 78 per cent of the total land area is available for grazing. Most of this grazing land is federally owned (73 per cent), while only 22 per cent is privately held, and 5 per cent is state owned.

Land Tenure Problems In Iran, Jalil Mahmoudi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Land tenure problems throughout the Middle East and most of the underdeveloped countries of the world are considered by competent international organizations and many students of world problems as one of the greatest contributing forces to social unrest and a barrier to economic development.

When the United Nations' General Assembly at its fifth session in 1950, had under discussion the problem of land reform in many underdeveloped countries, the consensus of opinions were that the conditions affecting land reform reduced agricultural productivity and were a major cause of low standards of living for the populations of those countries. The General …

The Effect Of Captan, Demeton, And 4(2,4-Db) On Alfalfa Growth And Seed Production, Daniel M. Taylor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The widespread use of chemicals for the control of diseases, insects, and weeds in the production of alfalfa seed has caused concern with regards to what effect these materials may have on the inherent reproductive potential of the plants. It has been reported that captan (N-(trichloromethylthio)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide) has both a morphological and physiological effect on some plants. The action of this chemical with regards to alfalfa reproduction has not been reported. Demeton (0,0-diethyl 0(and S)-2-(ethylthio) ethylphosphorodithioate) is another chemical used in alfalfa seed production for which the direct effects on reproduction have not been studied. Adverse effects have been reported on …

An Economic Analysis Of Selected Problems In Processing Sour Cherries, Reed D. Taylor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Red sour cherries have been a dessert item for Americans since long before George Washington chopped down the cherry tree. In the past twenty years production of sour cherries has increased at a faster rate than population. Since 1938 population of the United States has increased approximately 43 million, a 25 percent increase, whereas sour cherry production has increased approximately 78 million pounds, a 38 percent increase. This trend is expected to continue in the future, in fact, according to a Michigan survey the production of sour cherries in relation to the population will increase more in the future.

General And Specific Combining Ability Of Five Alfalfa Clones Including Reciprocal Effects For Seedling Vigor And Seed Yield, Edwin Theodore Bingham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The use of F₁ hybrids for commercial production of such cross-pollinated crops as corn, sorghum, sugar beets, onions, and pearl millet suggests the feasibility of using this technique for alfalfa. Production of F₁ hybrids of commercial value is dependent on the use of breeding material expressing good combining ability. In order to obtain precise estimates of combining ability for quantitative characters in alfalfa, it is necessary to produce all possible single crosses among a number of parents. The single cross seed required is difficult to obtain due to the vegetative reproduction and isolation required; and, subsequently, limited testing …

Economics Of Managing State-Owned Grazing Lands, Lowell Ray Anderson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Range land is an important resource in Utah's economy. Of 52.7 million acres of land in Utah about 78 percent is used for production of range livestock (14).¹ In 1958, cash receipts of range livestock amounted to 62.7 million dollars, or 38.8 percent of Utah's total agricultural cash receipts (19).

Of total land within its boundary, the state owns 2,723,157 acres, or 5.17 percent (32). The state legislature has designated the Utah State Land Board as the responsible agency for administering this land to provide income for various state institutions.

The people of the state of Utah are required …

Economics Of Controlling Tall Larkspur, Lavar M. Richman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The production of livestock in Utah is important to the economy of the state. The economic life of many communities throughout the state depends on income from livestock. Cash receipts from range livestock were $62.7 million or 38.8 percent of the total from agriculture in Utah in 1958 (18).

Time Interval Required To Measure Effects Of Herbicides On Canada-Thistle And Field Bindweed, Charles Ralph Whipple

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Canada-thistle and field bindweed are two troublesome weeds in Utah. Jensen, in cooperation with county weed committees, conducted a weed survey in the state. Seriousness of weeds was listed by counties. Field bindweed was considered to be either a serious or very serious weed in every county except one, and Canada-thistle was classified in these two categories in over one-half of the counties.

Seriousness Of Dodder In Production Of Alfalfa Seed In Millard County, Lloyd Claude Warner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Dodder is the common name for the group of plants in the genus Cuscuta. It is a serious weed in nearly all the legume seed producing areas of southern and western United States (5). Dodder is of major economic importance in the production of alfalfa, lespedeza, clover, and of less importance in such crops as flax, onions, sugar beets, and some ornamentals.

In Millard County, which is the most important alfalfa seed producing area in Utah, growers consider dodder one of their worst threats to alfalfa seed production.

A major factor that contributes to the dodder problem in Millard …

The Use Of Tetrazolium As A Measure Of The Salt Tolerance Of Alfalfa, Daryl A. Freter

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The task of obtaining and selecting plants which may not only survive under salty conditions, but grow and produce satisfactory yields is varied and complex. It is becoming necessary to select and breed crops for salt tolerance. Plants can be grown in artificially constructed salt basins to test their individual salt tolerance, but this takes time, at least one year. It would be desirable to develop a rapid test to determine the salt tolerance of a given plant. The use of a dye in conjunction with a series of salt solutions has been suggested for determining the salt tolerance of …

Studies On Venison Quality: Flavor Studies; Effect Of Methods Of Thawing, Kind And Level Of Fat, And Degree Of Doneness, Grace J. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Venison represents an important resource in this area. The average number of deer killed in Utah during hunting season of the ten-year period, 1940 to 1950, was over 50,000 animals annually according to the Utah State Fish and Game Department. For the period from 1950 to 1960 this figure has increased to over 100,000 animals. In terms of dressed weight, 100,000 animals would yield an estimated 8,000,000 pounds of meat. Neighboring states also produce large numbers of deer. This pictures venison not only as an important resource but as one rapidly increasing in importance.

Before the recent advent of locker …

The Hydrogen Peroxide Catalase Treatment Of Milk For Swiss Cheese Manufacture, Theodore Ricks Kowallis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Various temperatures and concentrations of the hydrogen peroxide catalase treatment of milk were studied in an attempt to discover the optimum temperature and concentration that would destroy unfavorable organisms and yet allow favorable ones to grow. The Federal Food and Drug Administration in their November, 1959, Definitions and Standards of Cheeses and Cheese Products states that "the amount of the hydrogen peroxide solution used shall be such that the weight of the hydrogen peroxide added thereby does not exceed 0.05 percent of the weight of the milk treated." Within the maximum level allowed, it was found that in day old …

Use Of Gamma Radiation, Chemicals, And Packaging Films To Control Post Harvest Diseases And To Extend Refrigerated Life Of Strawberries And Cherries, Gerald M. Cooper

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In recent years there has been a considerable amount of work done on developing chemicals that would inhibit mold growth when applied to fresh fruit, and at the same time, be acceptable to man when taken orally. This would save many thousands of tons of fresh produce that are lost each year by spoilage before it ever reaches the consumer. Along with the development of new chemicals to inhibit mold growth there is a substantial amount of research being done on developing a packaging film that will prevent recontamination of the produce, at the same time allowing the passage of …

Studies On Acceptability And Refrigerated-Life Of Certain Gamma-Irradiated Fresh Strawberries And Cherries, Norma Ward Pierson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

From the beginning of time, the history of man has been his struggle to obtain food. After many thousands of years, this is still a major problem which confronts the peoples of the earth. Although much food is available on earth, a great deal never benefits mankind because of deterioration and spoilage. Various kinds of spoilage cause a million tons of grain to be wasted each year. Man has learned to control and overcome some of these destructive forced through a variety of methods of food preservation. Some forms of preservation such as drying, salting, and so forth, probably have …

Observations Of Pituitary Hormone Injections And Ripening Of Fish, D. K. Kaushik

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A dependable source of quality fish spawn is a fundamental prerequisite for fish culture development. This is especially important inasmuch as most of the cultivable species do not breed in confined waters. Also, sport fisheries are gaining greater popularity, and subsequently the fish supply is being taxed. Still another need for fish spawn is in the ever increasing demand for bait minnows. Also, the construction of more and more dams has resulted in insurmountable obstacles for ascending and descending fish, which may ultimately result in complete destruction of some fisheries. Thus some measure of artificial propagation will have to be …

Alfalfa Resistance To The Clover Seed Chalcid Bruchophagus Gibbus (Boheman), Gerald Douglas Minion

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The destructive nature of the clover seed chalcid has been known since the latter part of the 19th century. This jet-black Hymenoptera, often called the "chalcis-fly," destroys from 10 to 20 percent of the alfalfa seed in Utah each year. Damage as high as 85 percent has been reported.

Studies On The Relationship Of The Redside Shiner (Richardsonius Balteatus) And The Longnose Sucker (Catostomus Catostomus) To The Cutthroat Trout (Salmo Clarki) Popluation In Yellowstone Lake, Kenneth E. Biesinger

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Biologists have been concerned about the presence of longnose suckers (Catostomus catostomus) and redside shiners (Richarsonius balteatus)and their effect on the cutthroat trout population in Yellowstone Lake. This investigation was made to determine the distribution and certain interactions of these species with cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake. The effects of the presence of lake chub (Hybopsis plumbea) and longnose dace (Rhinichtys cataractae) are considered to a lesser extent.

Blood Changes In Calves Experimentally Infected With Haemonchus Placei And Ostertagia Ostertagi, Darrell J. Graff

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Parasitic diseases of livestock have long been a subject of considerable interest. Great economic losses are inflicted each year on our growing livestock industry. If these parasitic diseases proceed undetected or untreated the hosts may suffer retardation in weight gain or succumb.

A Comparison Of Daughters Of Sires In Artificial Breeding At Different Levels Of Management, Richard C. Cook

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

One of the largest problems facing the successful dairyman of today is selection of proper sires to mate to his high producing cows. Many breeders and dairymen have the impression that proven sires will give the same increase in production regardless of the dam's production or the level of environment present. Even though sires come from high producing herds, some as high as 600 pounds of butterfat, the average production of all cows in the state of Utah remains at a much lower figure. The average for all cows in Utah is about 250 pounds of butterfat and the average …

Effects Of Beta Rays, Gamma Rays, And Hydrochloric Acid On Tubers Of Jerusalem Artichoke, Subhi Al-Sammarai

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Levulose (D-fructose, fruit sugar), C₆H₁₂O₆ is a white crystalline ketohexose. This sugar has distinctive properties which make it of commercial interest. It is more costly than ordinary table sugar (sucrose). Levulose is characterized by a high degree of sweetness (6), great solubility (20), and medical usefulness when administered intravenously. Joslin (21) and Root and Baker (32) found levulose to be of great value in the treatment of diabetes. According to Daniel (8), it is assimilated and oxidized more quickly than sucrose, supplying the necessary energy requirements for the human system. Additional uses of levulose have …

The Influence Of Soil Moisture Suction And Evaporative Demand On Actual Evapotranspiration And Yield Of Alfalfa, Bozorg Bahrani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Evapotranspiration has been defined as the combination of evaporation of water from the soil surface and transpiration of water by vegetation. If the ground is well covered by plants, most of the water is lost by transpiration of water directly from the plant tissue, rather than by evaporation of water directly from the soil surface. The term consumptive use is synonymous with evapotranspiration.

Treatment Of Experimental Bovine Coccidiosis With Nitrofurazone And Sulfamethazine, Donald L. Ferguson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Coccidiosis in cattle is caused by microscopic, one-celled parasites known as coccidia (genus Eimeria). It is a common disease that weakens or kills calves or older cattle, with greater loses generally occurring in young animals. Eleven species have been reported in cattle in this country (1). At least two species, Eimeria bovis and E. zurnii, are known to be pathogenic to cattle (9).

A Study Of The Parasites From Rainbow Trout Of A Commercial Fish Farm In Cache Valley, Utah, Kenneth L. Jones

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the biennial period July 1, 1956 to June 30, 1958 the 12 state fish hatcheries in Utah produced and stocked in the waters of the state 20,092,902 fish weighing a total of 1,528,787 pounds, at a cost varying between 69 and 75 cents per pound. The cost figure depends upon what expenditures are included (Don Andriano, 1960). A substantial mortality occurs at the fish hatcheries in the state of Utah. The determination of the cause of any given loss is complicated by a number of factors. This is especially true of losses which may be due secondarily to parasites …

Chemical Control Of Spoilage Of Dates, A. Razak Almandil

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Dates are typically a fruit of the subtropical arid regions of the world and are native to the valley of the Euphrates. According to Nixon and Crawford (1936), the earliest records in Iraq (those of the ancient Babylonians and Assyrians) show that their culture was established as early as 3000 B. C.

Distribution And Movements Of Some Fishes In Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, 1958-59, Stanley K.Y. Loo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the summer of 1958, a study of the "Population Dynamics of the Small Benthic Fishes of Bear Lake, Idaho and Utah," was sponsored in part by a National Science Foundation grant to the Wildlife Management Department of Utah State University. The study was designed to extend over a period of three years.

Studies Into Some Physiological Relationships Between Dodder (Cuscuta, Spp.) And Alfalfa, Harold Edward Pattee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In recent years the weed commonly known as dodder has become an important reason for the rejection of several alfalfa seed fields for certification in Utah. The rapid spread of infestation in alfalfa seed fields, difficulty in removing the dodder seed from the alfalfa seed due to the similarity in size, and a lack of adequate control are among the main causes for the rising concern with dodder, Dodder is an annual which reproduces from seed each year.

The Inhibitory Effects Of Tarweed Upon The Germination And Growth Of Seedlings, Glenn F. Carnahan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Extensive areas of potentially productive but depleted range land in the United States are occupied by a weed commonly known aa cluster tarweed (Madia glomerata). Moat attempts at seeding these areas to useful forage plants have resulted in failure. Many of these failures have been attributed to the vigorous competitive growth of tarweed plants. More recent observations of seedings in tarweed areas and laboratory work at the University of Utah indicate that tarweed is not only a strong competitor but may also produce substances which inhibit the germination and growth of other species of plants.

A Diallelic Study Of Six Chaff Variations In Wheat, Royal Jay Swenson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The colors of the glumes on wheat have been described as being white, yellow, brown, or black. The white actually ranges from cream or pale straw-yellow to dark yellow. Some varieties have white or yellow glumes with brown or black nerves.