Life Sciences Commons^™

Accounting For Milk Protein In Equivalents By Dye Binding Analysis Of Cheese And Whey, Prahlad H. Patel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Each of thirteen lots of Cheddar cheese was made from 430 lb. of milk, and the protein recovered in the cheese and whey was compared with that in the original milk. Protein determinations on the milk, cheese and whey were made by an acid orange 12 dye binding test, and by Kjeldahl analysis. Similarly fat recovery was determined by using the Babcock fat test on milk, the modified Babcock test on cheese, and the Mojonnier test on whey. The total weight recovered as cheese and whey was 99 ± .6% by Kjeldahl analysis and 97.7 ± .6% by the dye …

The Contribution Of Summer Tourism To The Utah Economy, William D. Brakel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The increase in household income attributed to expenditures by Utah motor vehicle tourists from June 15 to September 5, 1969, was estimated using income multipliers from input-output analysis. Tourist expenditures were gathered through the distribution of postage-paid diaries to non-residents entering Utah. Expenditures were also segregated for Cache County, Utah. The income multipliers from state and county input-output models were used to estimate the impact of applying the state model to county data.

Approximately 927,250 tourist parties to Utah spent an estimated $37,842,816, increasing household income $65,018,557. Likewise, approximately 67,709 tourist parties spent an estimated $798,966 in Cache County. The …

Survival And Distribution Of Rennin During Cheddar Cheese Manufacture, John Ta-Chuang Wang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Residual rennin in cheese whey and curd was measured by using a special sensitive substrate. The substrate was made by reconstituting 6 g NDM in 500 ml of buffer containing 0.2 M CaCl₂, 0.5 M cacodylic acid and 0.2 M triethanolamine at pH 5.7. Cheese curd was blended into a 1:7 slurry (1 part curd, 7 parts water), and 1.67% sodium chloride was added to the whey and slurry to liberate residual rennin from casein. The residual rennin in cheese whey and slurry were determined simultaneously with an identical sample containing known rennin activity. Samples with known activity …

Effect Of Phenology, Clipping, And Moisture Stress On Translocation In Grass, Ronald Eugene Sosebee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of phenology on the pattern of photosynthate distribution was studied in crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.) plants grown in a nursery under semi-natural environmental conditions. A set of plants was transferred every fourth week (April 13, 1968, through December 2, 1968) from the nursery to a growth room where the temperature was maintained at approximately 24 C with 16-hour photoperiods. A single leaf per plant received 1.5x10^-3 ml of either NaH₂³²PO₄ or KH₂³²PO₄. Approximately 24 hours after the ³²P application, the plants were harvested and …

The Alkaloids Of Delphinium Occidentale S. Wats., Lester B. Kreps

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Total and individual alkaloids were determined for duncecap larkspur from emergence through seed production. Total alkaloids were determined by a titration method. Individual alkaloids were separated by thin-layer chromatography and determinations made by cochromatography.

Total alkaloid concentration was highest during early vegetative growth then decreased steadily throughout the season. Decrease in total alkaloids was specific for a certain plant part. Total alakloids in stems and petioles declined more rapidly in the spring than did alkaloids in the apexes and leaves. Seasonal decline of total alkaloid was not noted in the crowns and roots; alkaloid concentration remained constant throughout the year …

The Biosystematics Of The Caltha Leptosepala Complex In The Intermountain And Rocky Mountain Regions (U. S. A.), Michael I. Morris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A biosystematic study of the Caltha leptosepala DC. complex was attempted using comparative data acquired from 13 experimental populations distributed throughout the Intermountain and Rocky Mountain regions (U. S. A.). Taxonomic evidence was obtained from the disciplines of anatomy, cytogenetics, embryology, biochemistry, palynology, ecology, and morphology.

Taxonomic evidence derived from the various disciplines showed that character discontinuity was lacking between plants of the same and different populations. Populations of Caltha leptosepala DC. distributed throughout the Rocky Mountains exhibited complex patterns of continuous variation in leaf shape. Although the shape of the lamina varied continuously between populations, blade length always exceeded …

The Social Organization Of Wild Turkeys On The Welder Wildlife Refuge, Texas, Charles Robert Watts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study is of the social organization of the wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia Sennett) on the Welder Wildlife Refuge in southern Texas.

The earliest turkey nests hatched in April, with the peak of hatching a month or more later. These poults may remain with their mother until winter. This brood flock, however, often combined with other brood flocks to form composite brood flocks when the poults were a few weeks old. Hens not successful in rearing young combined into broodless flocks.

The juvenile males left the brood flocks in late fall or winter. They remained a distinct unit, …

Microenvironmental Effects Of Erosion Control Treatments On Seedling Survival In A Southeastern Utah Salt Desert Area, Ross W. Wein

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study of the microclimate of erosion control treatments was carried out in two habitat types in a semiarid southeastern Utah, salt desert shrub area. The soils are highly eroded Mancos shale and support a low density of salt desert shrub species which offers little protection against high intensity summer convectional rainstorms.

Gully plugs and contour furrows had been installed by the Bureaus of Reclamation and Land Management to prevent runoff of soil laden water which results from these summer rainfalls. Formerly this sediment was carried to the Colorado River and deposited in Lake Powell.

The purpose to t he …

Inheritance And Linkage Studies Of Some Mutant Characters In Sugarbeets, Beta Vulgaris L., John R. Stander

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The inheritance and linkage of chlorina (ch₂), virescens (vi₄), and a plantain leaf character (PI₂PI₃) in sugarbeets were studied. Chlorina acted as a simple recessive which confirmed work reported previously. Chlorinas from two sources were found to be identical. Virescens and plantain leaf were found to be different from those reported in the literature. Virescens acted as a simple recessive. Male sterility in the virescent material was of the a₁ Mendelian type. Plantain leaf exhibited intermediate inheritance and was found to be controlled by the action of two dominant complementary factors. …

Adaptive Changes Of Some Enzyme Activities In Rats And Humans To Dietary Protein, Jung Ja Kim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study of the adaptive changes of some enzyme activities to the dietary protein intake was made in the liver, kidney, and pancreas of rats and serum of humans.

The rats fed the 40 per cent casein diet had a higher rate of weight gain and the weights of the liver and kidney were higher than in the rats fed the 10 per cent casein diet.

Three enzymes involved in the elimination of excess nitrogen from the body were found to show a similar response to increased dietary protein intake. These enzymes were: D-amino acid oxidase in the kidneys, arginase …

Extraction Of Rennet From Fresh Frozen Vells, Neil Harvey Clarke

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A method was developed for the extraction of rennet from fresh frozen vells. Frozen vells were partially thawed and minced in a Hobart "Wonder worker." The tissue was treated with 2.0 per cent potassium alum and allowed to stand for 20 hours before sufficient 0.45 M disodium phosphate was added to bring the pH of the mixture to 5.7. Dry sodium chloride was added until the salt concentration in the moisture of the mixture was 10 per cent. The tissue was then mixed with 3/4-inch pumice gravel in a volume ratio of 1 to 2 and packed into extractor columns. …

Linear Programming Applied To Sheep Ranching In Utah, William R. Flint

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study was initiated to determine how sheep ranches were physically and economically organized in 1964 and to select range and livestock management alternatives which would be profitable to sheep ranches. With data collected from the ranches three model ranches, representing the three most prominent strata, were constructed. These strata were determined by number of breeding ewes that were on the ranch and by the season of grazing on government land, i.e., winter, summer, or year around. After the building of these three ranches, each of them was linear programmed to find the profit maximizing combination of resources both before …

Target Markets For Directing Utah Summer Tourism Promotion And Information, Perry J. Brown

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The characteristics of tourists visiting Utah that are pertinent to defining target markets for the direction of state promotion programs were studied and analyzed during the summer of 1966.

Five significant geographical-party composition target markets were identified as prospective tourist markets. These were California families, East-West North Central families, Western families, East-West North Central couples, and California couples.

Target markets of enroute tourist parties were also identified for instate promotional efforts. The markets identified were divided on their relative degree of vacation planning and willingness to deviate from a planned route to visit additional attractions.

Significant differences among parties found …

Soil Moisture Recharge In Stands Of Quaking Aspen And Gambel Oak In Central Utah, James L. Boynton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Soil moisture recharge was studied in quaking aspen and Gambel oak forest areas of central Utah. The rate, timing, and duration of the recharge period was observed. Soil moisture readings were taken periodically throughout the winter of 1966 -1967.

Soil moisture recharge begins in October and continues until May. The period of most rapid increase in recharge is between February and May. This corresponds to a rapid decrease in the zenith angle of the sun at the surface of the area and also to a decrease in cloud cover over the area.

Deep soils and high infiltration capacities prevent surface …

A Study Of The Influence Of Petroleum Mulches On Several Herbicides With Selected Vegetable Crops, C. Linnis Mills

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of petroleum mulches on plant response to herbicides were studied at the Farmington Field Station. The herbicides were applied to the soil preemergent and by incorporation at one-half, normal and double the recommended rates with asphalt overlay. The herbicides and crops used were: Atrazine and Ramrod on sweet corn, PEBC and Diphenamid on tomatoes and EPTC and Trifluralin on snap beans.

Germination, overall crop rating, grass and broad leafed weed control and yields were measured. Data recorded from these trials showed that herbicides are as effective under the asphalt when compared to plots with herbicide but no asphalt. …

Consumer Attitudes Affecting The Use Of Fluid Milk Products In Metropolitan Salt Lake City, Wayne N. Monson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A survey of 360 respondents in metropolitan Salt Lake City was made to determine their attitudes about fluid milk products and the affect of these attitudes on consumption levels. The fluid milk products studied were regular whole milk, two percent milk, skim milk, and nonfat dry (powdered) milk.

The respondents had the most positive attitudes about regular whole milk. Their attitudes about the other three products were highest for those which most nearly resembled regular whole milk. The consumption levels of the four products followed the same pattern.

The respondents' attitudes about four attitude parameters affected their consumption levels. Those …

Local Distribution In A Population Of Uinta Ground Squirrels, Robert Edgar Walker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In an attempt to describe, explain, and show the demographic significance of annual variations in the nesting distribution of Uinta ground squirrels, a study was conducted during the summers of 1964 through 1967 in northern Utah. Procedures included both trapping and direct observation.

It was found that females tended to nest in open, previously inhabited, grassy areas. Males resided throughout a variety of habitats.

This typical nesting distribution was established initially in the summer by juveniles shortly after they first appeared aboveground. The extent to which the distribution was maintained the following spring depended largely upon the number of female …

Effects Of Ripening Processes On Chemistry Of Tomato Volatiles, Bharat Manu Shah

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Investigations were carried out to isolate, identify, and to characterize, major volatile components of tomato fruit. Simultaneously, the confirmation was extended to the reported tomato volatiles. The volatile extracts from field- and artificially-ripe fruits were compared qualitatively as well as quantitatively. The changes which occurred in the volatile components of the fruit at the onset of senescence also were delineated.

A typical chromatogram from field-ripe tomatoes contained 60 peaks. The functional group properties of individual peaks were derived by chemical analysis. The short-chain (C₃-C₆) alcohols represented 10 per cent, aldehydes and ketones 32 per cent, and …

The Asexual And Sexual Stages Of Eimeria Auburnensis In Calves, Bill Chobotar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In a study of the life cycle of Eimeria auburnensis, 51 of 57 Holstein-Friesian calves were used to study endogenous stages, and the remainder to investigate the prepatent and patent periods. In vitro excysted sporozoites of E. auburnensis were introduced into intestinal fistulas in 8 calves and into the intestine via laparotomy in 2 others. One or more of the 51 calves were killed at daily intervals beginning on the second day and continuing until the 19th day after inoculation. The tissues from calves were prepared by routine histological techniques for nicroscopic examination. First-generation asexual endogenous stages were located …

The Abundance, Migration And Management Of Mule Deer In Dinosaur National Monument, Robert W. Franzen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Dinosaur National Monument, in northwestern Colorado and northeastern Utah, is comprised of 206,409 acres and contains several deer winter ranges. A need for deer studies developed because of winter deer mortality and deteriorating range conditions on some parts of the Monument.

Approximately 500 deer winter on the Yampa Bench and approximately 300 deer winter on the Island Park winter range. These are the two main winter ranges within the Monument.

Deer on the Yampa Bench migrated an average of 7.3 air miles to the south and summered on the Blue Mountain Plateau during the summer of 1966. This Plateau is …

The Role Of Agonistic Behavior In Regulation Of Density In Uinta Ground Squirrels (Citellus Armatus), Richard J. Burns

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Agonistic behavior of ground squirrels was studied for two years in north-eastern Utah at an elevation of 6,300 feet. The main objective was to determine what role agonistic behavior had in regulating density in a population. All individuals in an unconfined population were trapped I marked I and observed from towers. Detailed data on behavior and density were recorded.

Though loss from a variety of factors occurred throughout the year I agonistic behavior had an important role in regulating the population at least twice during the year. In spring some squirrels I usually yearling males and late emerging yearling females, …

Waterfowl Ecology And Utilization Of Uinta Mountain Water Areas, Steven Roger Peterson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Waterfowl utilization was recorded by observing study units at different elevations from the time water areas were thawed in the spring until they were frozen in the fall.

Sixteen species of waterfowl were observed in the Uinta Mountain; mallards, green-winged teal, pintails, and ring-necked ducks were breeders.

Ninety-eight percent of all waterfowl observed were below 10,000 feet.

Waterfowl numbers were highest during migratory periods and lowest in the breeding season.

Adult waterfowl were observed most often on natural water areas and beaver ponds greater than one acre.

Water areas at lower elevations had high indices of aquatic invertebrates and contained …

The Effects Of Pre-Emergence Applications Of Simazine And Post-Emergence Applications Of Dalapon On Physio-Chemical Changes In Apple, Sour Cherry, Sweet Cherry, And Prunus Mahaleb, Jawad Thanoon Agha

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Simazine and dalapon have been used to control weeds in many crops during the last few years, but in 1963, when this study was begun, their uses in fruit orchards were limited. To study the effects of simazine and dalapon both on the control of weeds and on various metabolic changes in apple (Malis pumila), Montmorency sour cherry (Prunus cerasus), sweet cherry (Prunus avium), and Prunus mahaleb root stock, experiments were conducted from 1964 through 1966 in both the field and in the greenhouse.

The application of a low dosage of simazine (4 lb/A) to soil around twelve-year-old Montmorency sour …

Systemic Studies Of The Genus Gila (Cyprinidae) Of The Colorado River Basin, Paul Bernard Holden

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three Hundred and nine specimens of Gila from the Colorado River basin were studied. A form of numerical taxonomy, taximetrics, was used to help classify the specimens. The data from these fish indicate that many of the present hypotheses concerning their taxonomy are not valid. The concept of ecosubspecies or ecological subspecies does not fit the Colorado basin Gila. The roundtail and bonytail chubs, G. robusta Baird and Girard and G. elegans Baird and Girard respectively, currently treated as subspecies, are well separated morphologically, ecologically and reproductively and therefore are better considered two valid species. The relationship between G. …

Financial Operations Of The Agricultural Credit Corporation In Jordan, Nureddin A. Taqieddin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Agriculture is the backbone of Jordan's economy. It provides employment and a living for 40 per cent or more of the total population. However, very few farmers have accumulated enough capital to finance their farm operations from planting to harvest. The Agricultural Credit Corporation was established to provide farmers with credit at a relatively low cost. Without the low cost loans many farmers cannot stay on their farms. The Agricultural Credit Corporation is the most important agency in terms of the direct help it offers to farmers.

The Agricultural Credit Corporation has followed a policy of making loans at a …

The Secondary Benefits Of Irrigation Water: An Economic Appraisal, Erik Bruce Godfrey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The secondary or external benefits of increasing the availability of water for irrigation and changing the allocation of an existing water supply was analyzed from a theoretical point of view.

"Input-output" models for Cache County, Utah, and for the state of Utah were used to indicate the intersectoral relationship of water used by agriculture and other sectors in each economy.

The indirect value of water used by agriculture in Cache County was estimated. A method that extended the procedure used in this thesis was proposed that could be used to estimate the value of water in ether sectors. A "water …

Transfer Of Farm Real Estate In Utah, 1961-1964, Howard Rasmus Thomas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Recorded "arms length" transfers of farm real estate were analyzed to determine factors affecting market value and assessment per acre, and assessment to market value ratios.

The data were aggregated by county and geographical groups. The geographical groups were made up of counties with similar population densities and similar climatic conditions.

Using multiple regression analysis and tabular analysis, size of parcel, quality of land, and distance to Salt Lake City were found to affect market value per acre; size of parcel and quality of land were found to affect assessment and assessment to market value ratios.

Solar Radiation Under Thinned And Unthinned Lodgepole Pine Stands On The Utah State University School Forest, Belden B. Durtschi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Shortwave solar radiation was measured in the late winter of 1967 by means of actinographs below the canopy of two lodgepole pine stands, one thinned and the other unthinned, in northern Utah. Observations were made at four randomly selected stations in each stand and at one station in a large clearing. Radiation available below the thinned and unthinned stands was compared, and radiation in the open was compared with radiation beneath each stand.

Nearly all differences between stands were significant as were the differences between each stand and the open area.

A close correlation was shown between total radiation in …

Comparisons Of Phytoseiid Predator Populations In Sprayed And Unsprayed Apple Orchards In Cache Valley, Utah, Yeboa A. Dodoo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A comparative study of phytoseiid populations was made of two well-cultivated and regularly sprayed apple orchards with two unsprayed orchards in Cache Valley, northern Utah.

Two phytoseiid species, Typhlodromus mcgregori Chant and T. occidentalis Nesbitt were observed on the apple leaves, under the bark, and occasionally in the litter and soil. Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) occurred in the soil and litter and occasionally under bark. T. mcgregori was dominant in the unsprayed orchards, and T. occidentalis in the sprayed.

Of the phytophagous mites, which served as food for the phytoseiids, the two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch was dominant. Other phytophagous mites …

Effects Of Range Plant Foliage Removal On Soil Moisture Regime At Two Elevations In Central Utah, John C. Buckhouse

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During 1966 and 1967, a range plant clipping study was conducted at two locations in central Utah's Ephraim Canyon. It was found that extreme clipping treatment resulted in a significant increase in soil moisture due to a presumed decrease in transpiration during 1967. At the lower location, 7,100 feet elevation, a difference of 5.4 inches over a 5 foot soil profile was noted between the extreme and control clipping treatments in 1967. At the upper location, 10,000 feet in elevation, a savings of 3.6 inches soil moisture was observed over the 5 foot soil profile in 1967. Other clipping intensities …