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Articles 481 - 510 of 1769
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Vitamin D3 Induces Mesenchymal-To-Endothelial Transition And Promotes A Proangiogenic Niche Through Igf-1 Signaling, Lei Chen, Anweshan Samanta, Lin Zhao, Nathaniel R. Dudley, Tanner Buehler, Robert J. Vincent, Jeryl Hauptman, Magdy Girgis, Buddhadeb Dawn
Vitamin D3 Induces Mesenchymal-To-Endothelial Transition And Promotes A Proangiogenic Niche Through Igf-1 Signaling, Lei Chen, Anweshan Samanta, Lin Zhao, Nathaniel R. Dudley, Tanner Buehler, Robert J. Vincent, Jeryl Hauptman, Magdy Girgis, Buddhadeb Dawn
School of Medicine Faculty Research
Biological Sciences; Physiology; Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
A Novel Jumbo Phage Phima05 Inhibits Harmful Microcystis Sp., Ampapan Naknaen, Oramas Suttinun, Komwit Surachat, Eakalak Khan, Rattanaruji Pomwised
A Novel Jumbo Phage Phima05 Inhibits Harmful Microcystis Sp., Ampapan Naknaen, Oramas Suttinun, Komwit Surachat, Eakalak Khan, Rattanaruji Pomwised
Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research
Microcystis poses a concern because of its potential contribution to eutrophication and production of microcystins (MCs). Phage treatment has been proposed as a novel biocontrol method for Microcystis. Here, we isolated a lytic cyanophage named PhiMa05 with high efficiency against MCs-producing Microcystis strains. Its burst size was large, with approximately 127 phage particles/infected cell, a short latent period (1 day), and high stability to broad salinity, pH and temperature ranges. The PhiMa05 structure was composed of an icosahedral capsid (100 nm) and tail (120 nm), suggesting that the PhiMa05 belongs to the Myoviridae family. PhiMa05 inhibited both planktonic and aggregated …
A Whole-Genome Scan For Association With Invasion Success In The Fruit Fly Drosophila Suzukii Using Contrasts Of Allele Frequencies Corrected For Population Structure, Laure Olazcuaga, Anne Loiseau, Hugues Parrinello, Mathilde Paris, Antoine Fraimout, Christelle Guedot, Lauren M. Diepenbrock, Marc Kenis, Jinping Zhang, Xiao Chen, Nicolas Borowiec, Benoit Facon, Heidrun Vogt, Donald K. Price, Heiko Vogel, Benjamin Prud'homme, Arnaud Estoup, Mathieu Gautier
A Whole-Genome Scan For Association With Invasion Success In The Fruit Fly Drosophila Suzukii Using Contrasts Of Allele Frequencies Corrected For Population Structure, Laure Olazcuaga, Anne Loiseau, Hugues Parrinello, Mathilde Paris, Antoine Fraimout, Christelle Guedot, Lauren M. Diepenbrock, Marc Kenis, Jinping Zhang, Xiao Chen, Nicolas Borowiec, Benoit Facon, Heidrun Vogt, Donald K. Price, Heiko Vogel, Benjamin Prud'homme, Arnaud Estoup, Mathieu Gautier
Life Sciences Faculty Research
Evidence is accumulating that evolutionary changes are not only common during biological invasions but may also contribute directly to invasion success. The genomic basis of such changes is still largely unexplored. Yet, understanding the genomic response to invasion may help to predict the conditions under which invasiveness can be enhanced or suppressed. Here, we characterized the genome response of the spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii during the worldwide invasion of this pest insect species, by conducting a genome-wide association study to identify genes involved in adaptive processes during invasion. Genomic data from 22 population samples were analyzed to detect genetic …
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 2b Proof-Of-Concept Clinical Trial In Early Alzheimer’S Disease With Lecanemab, An Anti-Aβ Protofibril Antibody, Chad J. Swanson, Yong Zhang, Shobha Dhadda, Jinping Wang, June Kaplow, Robert Y.K. Lai, Lars Lannfelt, Heather Bradley, Martin Rabe, Akihiko Koyama, Larisa Reyderman, Donald A. Berry, Scott Berry, Robert Gordon, Lynn D. Kramer, Jeffrey L. Cummings
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 2b Proof-Of-Concept Clinical Trial In Early Alzheimer’S Disease With Lecanemab, An Anti-Aβ Protofibril Antibody, Chad J. Swanson, Yong Zhang, Shobha Dhadda, Jinping Wang, June Kaplow, Robert Y.K. Lai, Lars Lannfelt, Heather Bradley, Martin Rabe, Akihiko Koyama, Larisa Reyderman, Donald A. Berry, Scott Berry, Robert Gordon, Lynn D. Kramer, Jeffrey L. Cummings
School of Medicine Faculty Research
Background: Lecanemab (BAN2401), an IgG1 monoclonal antibody, preferentially targets soluble aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ), with activity across oligomers, protofibrils, and insoluble fibrils. BAN2401-G000-201, a randomized double-blind clinical trial, utilized a Bayesian design with response-adaptive randomization to assess 3 doses across 2 regimens of lecanemab versus placebo in early Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild AD dementia. Methods: BAN2401-G000-201 aimed to establish the effective dose 90% (ED90), defined as the simplest dose that achieves ≥90% of the maximum treatment effect. The primary endpoint was Bayesian analysis of 12-month clinical change on the Alzheimer’s Disease Composite …
Validation Of Induced Microglia-Like Cells (Img Cells) For Future Studies Of Brain Diseases, Atoshi Banerjee, Yimei Lu, Kenny Do, Travis Mize, Xiaogang Wu, Xiangning Chen, Jingchun Chen
Validation Of Induced Microglia-Like Cells (Img Cells) For Future Studies Of Brain Diseases, Atoshi Banerjee, Yimei Lu, Kenny Do, Travis Mize, Xiaogang Wu, Xiangning Chen, Jingchun Chen
School of Medicine Faculty Research
Microglia are the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system that maintain physiological homeostasis in the brain and contribute to the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Due to the lack of appropriate human cellular models, it is difficult to study the basic pathophysiological processes linking microglia to brain diseases. In this study, we adopted a microglia-like cellular model derived from peripheral blood monocytes with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-34 (IL-34). We characterized and validated this in vitro cellular model by morphology, immunocytochemistry, gene expression profiles, and functional study. Our results indicated that the iMG …
Influence Of Previous Covid-19 And Mastitis Infections On The Secretion Of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor And Nerve Growth Factor In Human Milk, Veronique Demers-Mathieu, Dustin J. Hines, Rochelle M. Hines, Sirima Lavangnananda, Shawn Fels, Elena Medo
Influence Of Previous Covid-19 And Mastitis Infections On The Secretion Of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor And Nerve Growth Factor In Human Milk, Veronique Demers-Mathieu, Dustin J. Hines, Rochelle M. Hines, Sirima Lavangnananda, Shawn Fels, Elena Medo
Psychology Faculty Research
Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) play a critical role in neurodevelopment, where breast milk is a significant dietary source. The impact of previous COVID-19 infection and mastitis on the concentration of BDNF and NGF in human milk was investigated. Methods: Concentrations of BDNF and NGF were measured via ELISA in human milk samples collected from 12 mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR, 13 mothers with viral symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, and 22 unexposed mothers (pre-pandemic Ctl-2018). These neurotrophins were also determined in 12 mothers with previous mastitis and 18 mothers without mastitis. Results: The NGF …
#Eegmanylabs: Investigating The Replicability Of Influential Eeg Experiments, Yuri G. Pavlov, Nika Adamian, Stefan Appelhoff, Mahnaz Arvaneh, Christopher S.Y. Benwell, Christian Beste, Amy R. Bland, Daniel E. Bradford, Florian Bublatzky, Niko A. Busch, Peter E. Clayson, Damian Cruse, Artur Czeszumski, Anna Dreber, Guillaume Dumas, Benedikt Ehinger, Giorgio Ganis, Xun He, José A. Hinojosa, Christoph Huber-Huber, Michael Inzlicht, Bradley N. Jack, Magnus Johannesson, Rhiannon Jones, Evgenii Kalenkovich, Laura Kaltwasser, Hamid Karimi-Rouzbahani, Andreas Keil, Peter Koning, Layla Kouara
#Eegmanylabs: Investigating The Replicability Of Influential Eeg Experiments, Yuri G. Pavlov, Nika Adamian, Stefan Appelhoff, Mahnaz Arvaneh, Christopher S.Y. Benwell, Christian Beste, Amy R. Bland, Daniel E. Bradford, Florian Bublatzky, Niko A. Busch, Peter E. Clayson, Damian Cruse, Artur Czeszumski, Anna Dreber, Guillaume Dumas, Benedikt Ehinger, Giorgio Ganis, Xun He, José A. Hinojosa, Christoph Huber-Huber, Michael Inzlicht, Bradley N. Jack, Magnus Johannesson, Rhiannon Jones, Evgenii Kalenkovich, Laura Kaltwasser, Hamid Karimi-Rouzbahani, Andreas Keil, Peter Koning, Layla Kouara
Psychology Faculty Research
There is growing awareness across the neuroscience community that the replicability of findings about the relationship between brain activity and cognitive phenomena can be improved by conducting studies with high statistical power that adhere to well-defined and standardised analysis pipelines. Inspired by recent efforts from the psychological sciences, and with the desire to examine some of the foundational findings using electroencephalography (EEG), we have launched #EEGManyLabs, a large-scale international collaborative replication effort. Since its discovery in the early 20th century, EEG has had a profound influence on our understanding of human cognition, but there is limited evidence on the replicability …
Study Of Sickle Cell Disease, Aaron Guevarra, Carlos Herrera, Faysal Ali
Study Of Sickle Cell Disease, Aaron Guevarra, Carlos Herrera, Faysal Ali
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
The purpose of this research timeline is to explore the history, prevalence, and effects of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) so that treatments and possible future experiments or cures may be discussed. In SCD, abnormal red blood cells appear as sickle shaped as opposed to the round shape of normal red blood cells. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, so an individual must inherit two copies of the allele. The gene mutation is a single nucleotide mutation in the gene which codes for β-globin. In 1910, James B. Herrick first described the disease, and in 1949, its inheritance pattern …
Identifying Determinants Of Breast Cancer Screening Through Mammography Among Asian American Women, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Raisa Kabir, Chia-Liang Dai
Identifying Determinants Of Breast Cancer Screening Through Mammography Among Asian American Women, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Raisa Kabir, Chia-Liang Dai
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women around the world. In the US, approximately 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer over the course of their lifetime. There is a growing incidence of breast cancer among Asian American (AA) women. Breast cancer screening by mammography is the most effective early detection method to reduce mortality but AA women have the lowest utilization rates. This study aims to identify the determinants affecting mammography among AA women. A literature search in PubMed Central, MEDLINE, and CINAHL was undertaken to include all peer-reviewed studies published within the past 20 years …
Neurofibromatosis 1: Discovery, Treatment And Social Impact, Betsua Garcia, Arsen Khachatryan
Neurofibromatosis 1: Discovery, Treatment And Social Impact, Betsua Garcia, Arsen Khachatryan
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
The purpose of this timeline research project is to provide an outline of the discovery of Neurofibromatosis 1 to identify gaps in knowledge. Frederick von Recklinghausen is credited with the disease’s classification in 1882 when he observed two different cases of patients with neurofibromas. Current research of the disease involves its characterization at a molecular and genetic level. The symptoms of the disease include non-cancerous tumors in the nervous system (neurofibromas) and optic nerves (optic nerve gliomas), as well as cafe-au-lait spots around the axillary and groin areas. It tends to occur in 1 out of 3,000 births globally without …
The Influence Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On Skill Acquisition In A Complex Motor Task, Nicholas Pudar, Milan Pantovic
The Influence Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation On Skill Acquisition In A Complex Motor Task, Nicholas Pudar, Milan Pantovic
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the motor cortex (M1) can improve performance in relatively simple motor tasks performed with the hand and arm. Only a few tDCS studies have examined complex, multi-joint tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of (tDCS) on skill acquisition in a complex, multi-joint arm movement in healthy young adults. 22 right-handed adults were randomly assigned to a tDCS or SHAM group, performing the overhand throws to a target. After the baseline-test block, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to locate the first dorsal interosseus muscle (FDI). Motor evoked …
A Qualitative Review On Mammography Interventions Among Asian American Women, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Raisa Kabir, Chia-Liang Dai
A Qualitative Review On Mammography Interventions Among Asian American Women, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Raisa Kabir, Chia-Liang Dai
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
Breast cancer (BC) is a leading type of malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related death among women around the world. The occurrence of BC has been increasing in Asian American (AA) women. Early detection through mammography is an effective means to reduce mortality associated with BC. However, there is a paucity of data and interventions regarding mammography promotion interventions among AA women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate current interventions for promoting mammography among AA women and suggest recommendations for designing successful interventions. A review for peer-reviewed journal articles in PubMed Central, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, …
A Timeline Of Oculocutaneous Albinism, Mohammed Abushanab, Maria Ceroni, Kimberly Morán
A Timeline Of Oculocutaneous Albinism, Mohammed Abushanab, Maria Ceroni, Kimberly Morán
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
The purpose of this research timeline is to synthesize the natural history of Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA), discover gaps in knowledge, as well as understand the genes and mutations that incite the disease. It is through methods of literature-based research that we found the earliest recognition of OCA and investigated it up to its most current state of research. The rate of research remains steady and continuous with the focus varying widely; either by examining more of the genes involved in the disease or by taking more in-depth looks at mutational analyses of genes that are already observed to be linked …
Determining Whether Differences In Morphology Across An Elevation Gradient Is The Result Of Long Term Environmental Plasticity Or Genetic Population Differentiation In Keystone Biocrust Moss: Syntrichia Caninervis, Andie Davis
Undergraduate Research Symposium Podium Presentations
Unlike vascular plants, mosses are at higher risk for water scarcity in deserts because they experience higher temperatures and intense solar radiation which are known to limit growth and abundance, and because they lack specialized tissues and structures to transport water internally from below ground. Prior research done in the Mojave Desert on a keystone soil moss species, Syntrichia caninervis, observed differences in morphology related to plant size across three life zones (vegetation communities) influenced by elevation (low-890m, medium-1680m, high-2060m) and a water-stress gradient. Our study used a laboratory common garden by culturing 22 S. caninervis genotypes compiled from each …
An Investigation On The History And Current Research Of Fragile X Syndrome, Makeda Asare, Isabelle Avenido, Maxene Vergonia-Fehlman
An Investigation On The History And Current Research Of Fragile X Syndrome, Makeda Asare, Isabelle Avenido, Maxene Vergonia-Fehlman
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
The purpose of this research is to synthesize the history of Fragile X Syndrome through literature-based research in order to assess the scope of research, population variation, social impact, and treatment. Fragile X was first documented in 1943 by Dr. Julia Bell and Dr. James Purdon Martin in a report of a family case study in which eleven males across two generations showed symptoms of intellectual disabilities. Fragile X Syndrome is an X-linked disorder caused by mutation in the Fragile X mental retardation 1(FMR1) gene on chromosome Xq27.3. The FMR1 mutations are triplet repeat expansion of the CGG repeat sequences …
The History And Future Of Cystic Fibrosis, Randall Combs, Che Fung Andy Chan, Daisy Sahagun
The History And Future Of Cystic Fibrosis, Randall Combs, Che Fung Andy Chan, Daisy Sahagun
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
The purpose of this research timeline is to highlight the tumultuous yet inspiring history of Cystic Fibrosis disease and treatment to give us a more pragmatic understanding of its current state. Cystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease, most often caused by a single amino-acid deletion of phenylalanine at position 508 in the nucleotide binding domain, which results in a loss of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Symptomatology varies considerably but a buildup of mucus in the respiratory tract leading to lung failure, and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency which results in digestive and metabolic dysfunction are commonly, if not …
Retinoblastoma: Past, Present, And Future, Izabela Daneva, Crysty-Ann Olaco, Albert Tran
Retinoblastoma: Past, Present, And Future, Izabela Daneva, Crysty-Ann Olaco, Albert Tran
Undergraduate Research Symposium Posters
The purpose of this research timeline is to synthesize the natural history of retinoblastoma to understand its societal effects and develop a public health message to raise awareness of the disease. We used literature-based research in order to gain an understanding about the discovery of this disease and investigate its most current state of knowledge. Retinoblastoma is an intraocular cancer that manifests early in childhood. It is typically linked to a somatic or germline insertion, deletion, or single-base substitution mutation on both alleles of RB1, a tumor-suppressor gene. Retinoblastoma was first identified in 1809 by James Wardrop, and since then, …
Bacterial Cyclic Diguanylate Signaling Networks Sense Temperature, Henrik Almblad, Trevor E. Randall, Fanny Liu, Katherine Leblanc, Ryan A. Groves, Weerayuth Kittichotirat, Geoffrey L. Winsor, Nicolas Fournier, Emily Au, Julie Groizeleau, Jacquelyn D. Rich, Yuefei Lou, Elise Granton, Laura K. Jennings, Larissa A. Singletary, Tara M.L. Winstone, Nathan M. Good, Roger E. Bumgarner, Michael F. Hynes, Manu Singh, Maria Silvina Stietz, Fiona S.L. Brinkman, Ayush Kumar, Ann Karen Cornelia Brassinga, Matthew R. Parsek, Boo Shan Tseng, Ian A. Lewis, Bryan G. Yipp, Justin L. Maccallum, Joe Jonathan Harrison
Bacterial Cyclic Diguanylate Signaling Networks Sense Temperature, Henrik Almblad, Trevor E. Randall, Fanny Liu, Katherine Leblanc, Ryan A. Groves, Weerayuth Kittichotirat, Geoffrey L. Winsor, Nicolas Fournier, Emily Au, Julie Groizeleau, Jacquelyn D. Rich, Yuefei Lou, Elise Granton, Laura K. Jennings, Larissa A. Singletary, Tara M.L. Winstone, Nathan M. Good, Roger E. Bumgarner, Michael F. Hynes, Manu Singh, Maria Silvina Stietz, Fiona S.L. Brinkman, Ayush Kumar, Ann Karen Cornelia Brassinga, Matthew R. Parsek, Boo Shan Tseng, Ian A. Lewis, Bryan G. Yipp, Justin L. Maccallum, Joe Jonathan Harrison
Life Sciences Faculty Research
Many bacteria use the second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) to control motility, biofilm production and virulence. Here, we identify a thermosensory diguanylate cyclase (TdcA) that modulates temperature-dependent motility, biofilm development and virulence in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. TdcA synthesizes c-di-GMP with catalytic rates that increase more than a hundred-fold over a ten-degree Celsius change. Analyses using protein chimeras indicate that heat-sensing is mediated by a thermosensitive Per-Arnt-SIM (PAS) domain. TdcA homologs are widespread in sequence databases, and a distantly related, heterologously expressed homolog from the Betaproteobacteria order Gallionellales also displayed thermosensitive diguanylate cyclase activity. We propose, therefore, that thermotransduction …
The Effect Of Uneven Terrain Conditions During Shod Vs. Barefoot Running, Jan Urbaczka, Julia Freedman Silvernail, Jaroslav Uchytil, Daniel Jandacka
The Effect Of Uneven Terrain Conditions During Shod Vs. Barefoot Running, Jan Urbaczka, Julia Freedman Silvernail, Jaroslav Uchytil, Daniel Jandacka
Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research
Background: The majority of research on barefoot running focuses on acute changes in altering footwear without regard to the runner's experience with barefoot or minimalist footwear running. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of footwear (standard cushioned running shoes, barefoot) and running surface (flat surface, uneven terrain) on gait in experienced runners using minimalist shoes. Methods: Terrain running was simulated by three custom-made mats with randomly placed firmly attached stones. Seven experienced trail runners participated in this study. All participants were forefoot strikers. Participants underwent three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic analysis consisting of five running trials …
Cortical Representation And Excitability Increases For A Thenar Muscle Mediate Improvement In Short-Term Cellular Phone Text Messaging Ability, Anthony W. Meek, Joselyn Perez, Brach Poston, Zachary A. Riley
Cortical Representation And Excitability Increases For A Thenar Muscle Mediate Improvement In Short-Term Cellular Phone Text Messaging Ability, Anthony W. Meek, Joselyn Perez, Brach Poston, Zachary A. Riley
Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research
Cortical representations expand during skilled motor learning. We studied a unique model of motor learning with cellular phone texting, where the thumbs are used exclusively to interact with the device and the prominence of use can be seen where 3200 text messages are exchanged a month in the 18–24 age demographic. The purpose of the present study was to examine the motor cortex representation and input–output (IO) recruitment curves of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle of the thumb and the ADM muscle with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), relative to individuals’ texting abilities and short-term texting practice. Eighteen individuals performed …
Foot Contact Dynamics And Fall Risk Among Children Diagnosed With Idiopathic Toe Walking, Rahul Soangra, Michael Shiraishi, Richard Beuttler, Michelle Gwerder, Lou Anne Boyd, Venkatesan Muthukumar, Mohamed Trabia, Afshin Aminian, Marybeth Grant-Beuttler
Foot Contact Dynamics And Fall Risk Among Children Diagnosed With Idiopathic Toe Walking, Rahul Soangra, Michael Shiraishi, Richard Beuttler, Michelle Gwerder, Lou Anne Boyd, Venkatesan Muthukumar, Mohamed Trabia, Afshin Aminian, Marybeth Grant-Beuttler
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research
Children that are diagnosed with Idiopathic Toe walking (cITW) are characterized by persistent toe-to-toe contacts. The objective of this study was to explore whether typical foot contact dynamics during walking predisposes cITW to a higher risk of falling. Twenty cITW and age-matched controls performed typical and toe walking trials. The gait parameters related to foot contact dynamics, vertical force impulses during stance, slip, and trip risk were compared for both groups. We found that cITW manifest less stable gait and produced significantly higher force impulses during push-off. Additionally, we found that cITW had a higher slip-initiation risk that was associated …
Associations Of Dietary Patterns And Nutrients With Glycated Hemoglobin In Participants With And Without Type 1 Diabetes, Arpita Basu, Amy C. Alman, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon
Associations Of Dietary Patterns And Nutrients With Glycated Hemoglobin In Participants With And Without Type 1 Diabetes, Arpita Basu, Amy C. Alman, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon
Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research
Background: Diet has been associated with poor glycemic control in diabetes. Few studies have examined this association in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), who are at a higher risk for cardiovascular disease than people without diabetes. Methods: We report data from cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses from a coronary artery calcification in type 1 diabetes (CACTI) study (n = 1257; T1D: n = 568; non-diabetic controls: n = 689) collected between the years 2000 and 2002. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire, a physical examination, and biochemical analyses. Dietary patterns based on variations in food group intake were created …
Influence Of Cognitive Performance On Musculoskeletal Injury Risk: A Systematic Review, Jason M. Avedesian, Warren Forbes, Tracey Covassin, Janet S. Dufek
Influence Of Cognitive Performance On Musculoskeletal Injury Risk: A Systematic Review, Jason M. Avedesian, Warren Forbes, Tracey Covassin, Janet S. Dufek
Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research
Background: While a large number of studies have investigated the anatomic, hormonal, and biomechanical risk factors related to musculoskeletal (MSK) injury risk, there is growing evidence to suggest that cognition is an important injury contributor in the athletic population. A systematic review of the available evidence regarding the influence of cognitive performance on MSK injury risk has yet to be published in the sports medicine literature. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to determine the effects of cognition on (1) MSK biomechanics during sports-specific tasks and (2) MSK injury occurrence in the athletic population. It was hypothesized that athletes with lower cognitive …
From Cell Death To Regeneration: Rebuilding After Injury, Kelly Tseng, Dylan Guerin, Cindy Kha
From Cell Death To Regeneration: Rebuilding After Injury, Kelly Tseng, Dylan Guerin, Cindy Kha
Life Sciences Faculty Research
The ability to regrow lost or damaged tissues is widespread, but highly variable among animals. Understanding this variation remains a challenge in regeneration biology. Numerous studies from Hydra to mouse have shown that apoptosis acts as a potent and necessary mechanism in regeneration. Much is known about the involvement of apoptosis during normal development in regulating the number and type of cells in the body. In the context of regeneration, apoptosis also regulates cell number and proliferation in tissue remodeling. Apoptosis acts both early in the process to stimulate regeneration and later to regulate regenerative patterning. Multiple studies indicate that …
Intepirdine As Adjunctive Therapy To Donepezil For Mild-To-Moderate Alzheimer’S Disease: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Clinical Trial (Mindset), Frederick M. Lang, Yi Mo, Marwan Sabbagh, Paul Solomon, Merce Boada, Roy W. Jones, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Timo Grimmer, Bruno Dubois, Mark Harnett, Sarah R. Friedhoff, Shari Coslett, Jeffrey L. Cummings
Intepirdine As Adjunctive Therapy To Donepezil For Mild-To-Moderate Alzheimer’S Disease: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Clinical Trial (Mindset), Frederick M. Lang, Yi Mo, Marwan Sabbagh, Paul Solomon, Merce Boada, Roy W. Jones, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Timo Grimmer, Bruno Dubois, Mark Harnett, Sarah R. Friedhoff, Shari Coslett, Jeffrey L. Cummings
Brain Health Faculty Research
Introduction: A previous phase 2b study supported the use of the 5-HT6 receptor antagonist intepirdine as adjunctive therapy to donepezil for Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. A phase 3 study, MINDSET, was performed to test this hypothesis. Methods: MINDSET was a global, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 1315 mild-to-moderate AD dementia patients on stable donepezil. Patients received 35 mg/day intepirdine or placebo for 24 weeks. The co-primary endpoints were change from baseline to week 24 on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) and Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between intepirdine …
Characterization Of Crispr Spacer And Protospacer Sequences In Paenibacillus Larvae And Its Bacteriophages, Casey Stamereilers, Simon Wong, Philippos K. Tsourkas
Characterization Of Crispr Spacer And Protospacer Sequences In Paenibacillus Larvae And Its Bacteriophages, Casey Stamereilers, Simon Wong, Philippos K. Tsourkas
Life Sciences Faculty Research
The bacterium Paenibacillus larvae is the causative agent of American foulbrood, the most devastating bacterial disease of honeybees. Because P. larvae is antibiotic resistant, phages that infect it are currently used as alternative treatments. However, the acquisition by P. larvae of CRISPR spacer sequences from the phages could be an obstacle to treatment efforts. We searched nine complete genomes of P. larvae strains and identified 714 CRISPR spacer sequences, of which 384 are unique. Of the four epidemiologically important P. larvae strains, three of these have fewer than 20 spacers, while one strain has over 150 spacers. Of the 384 …
The Effect Of An Acute Bout Of Foam Rolling On Running Economy, Lauren M. Biscardi, Brian D. Wright, Debra A. Stroiney
The Effect Of An Acute Bout Of Foam Rolling On Running Economy, Lauren M. Biscardi, Brian D. Wright, Debra A. Stroiney
Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology
Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 2: Issue 1, Article 4, 2021. This study examined the impact of pre-exercise foam rolling on running economy at 5 km race pace. Sixteen trained distance runners (31.5±12.2 yr; V̇O2max 53.6±11.0) volunteered for the study. Participants completed two treadmill runs at self-selected 5 km race pace; one session with the use of pre-exercise foam rolling and the other with a controlled rest period prior to the run. Running economy was improved during the session with pre-exercise foam rolling applied (t(15)=2.48, p=.026, d=.62). These findings provide evidence for the …
Marker Placement Reliability And Objectivity For Biomechanical Cohort Study: Healthy Aging In Industrial Environment (Haie—Program 4), Jan Malus, Jiri Skypala, Julia Freedman Silvernail, Jaroslav Uchytil, Joseph Hamill, Tomas Barot, Daniel Jandacka
Marker Placement Reliability And Objectivity For Biomechanical Cohort Study: Healthy Aging In Industrial Environment (Haie—Program 4), Jan Malus, Jiri Skypala, Julia Freedman Silvernail, Jaroslav Uchytil, Joseph Hamill, Tomas Barot, Daniel Jandacka
Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research
In large cohort studies, due to the time-consuming nature of the measurement of movement biomechanics, more than one evaluator needs to be involved. This may increase the potential occurrence of error due to inaccurate positioning of markers to the anatomical locations. The pur-pose of this study was to determine the reliability and objectivity of lower limb segments length by multiple evaluators in a large cohort study concerning healthy aging in an industrial environment. A total of eight evaluators performed marker placements on five participants on three different days. Evaluators placed markers bilaterally on specific anatomical locations of the pelvis, thigh, …
The Effect Of Walking An Unfamiliar Versus Companion Dog On Mood, Exercise Enjoyment, And Heart Rate: A Pilot Field Study, Anna C. Covington, Rebecca R. Rogers, Thomas J. Kopec, Christopher G. Ballmann
The Effect Of Walking An Unfamiliar Versus Companion Dog On Mood, Exercise Enjoyment, And Heart Rate: A Pilot Field Study, Anna C. Covington, Rebecca R. Rogers, Thomas J. Kopec, Christopher G. Ballmann
Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology
Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 2: Issue 1, Article 3, 2021. Background: Walking unfamiliar dogs, such as therapy dogs, has been shown to improve physiological exercise responses and exercise adherence, but whether walking a companion dog results in superior benefits is currently unknown. The purpose of the current pilot field study was to elucidate preliminary evidence of how walking an unfamiliar or companion dog influences mood, exercise enjoyment, and heart rate during a 1.5-mile walk. Methods: Participants (n=8) walked 1.5-miles at their own pace with an unfamiliar or companion dog while mood, exercise enjoyment, and heart …
Multimodal Single-Cell/Nucleus Rna Sequencing Data Analysis Uncovers Molecular Networks Between Disease-Associated Microglia And Astrocytes With Implications For Drug Repurposing In Alzheimer’S Disease, Jielin Xu, Pengyue Zhang, Yin Huang, Yadi Zhou, Yuan Hou, Lynn M. Bekris, Justin Lathia, Chien-Wei Chiang, Lang Li, Andrew A. Pieper, James B. Leverenz, Jeffrey Cummings, Feixiong Cheng
Multimodal Single-Cell/Nucleus Rna Sequencing Data Analysis Uncovers Molecular Networks Between Disease-Associated Microglia And Astrocytes With Implications For Drug Repurposing In Alzheimer’S Disease, Jielin Xu, Pengyue Zhang, Yin Huang, Yadi Zhou, Yuan Hou, Lynn M. Bekris, Justin Lathia, Chien-Wei Chiang, Lang Li, Andrew A. Pieper, James B. Leverenz, Jeffrey Cummings, Feixiong Cheng
School of Medicine Faculty Research
Because disease-associated microglia (DAM) and disease-associated astrocytes (DAA) are involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we systematically identified molecular networks between DAM and DAA to uncover novel therapeutic targets for AD. Specifically, we develop a network-based methodology that leverages single-cell/nucleus RNA sequencing data from both transgenic mouse models and AD patient brains, as well as drug-target network, metaboliteenzyme associations, the human protein-protein interactome, and large-scale longitudinal patient data. Through this approach, we find both common and unique gene network regulators between DAM (i.e., PAK1, MAPK14, and CSF1R) and DAA (i.e., NFKB1, FOS, and JUN) that are significantly enriched …