Life Sciences Commons^™

Managing Alfalfa For Yield-Quality-Persistence, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is a premier forage legume that has played an important role in Kentucky's forage-livestock program for many years. It's role at present is increasing and it's most significant role is yet to come.

Advances In Alfalfa Breeding — What Will The Alfalfa Variety Of The Future Smell, Taste, Look And Act Like?, Jimmy C. Henning

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is the highest quality, highest yielding and arguably the highest value forage crop in Kentucky and in the US. It is useful as hay, haylage or pasture for a variety of species of livestock. It is well adapted to Kentucky and is an important part of the forage/livestock system.

Alfalfa breeders are actively working to develop varieties that will meet and exceed farmer expectations for yield and persistence. In addition, other traits are sought after to make the variety meet a special need or to have better marketability or attraction to the customer.

So what will the alfalfa of …

Foreword [2002], Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

This is the front matter of the proceedings.

Forage News [2002-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Alfalfa Conference: Just Days Away
• Spring Grazing School is April 17-18 in Stanford
• Testing Haylage by Kentucky Department of Agriculture
• Performance of Bermudagrass Cultivars st Princeton, Ky
• Ryegrass: What’s In A Name?
• Grazing Conference: Big Success
• Forage Variety Reports in Print, on Web
• Upcoming Events

Use Of Hrma Proteins And Their Genes For Broad Range Protection Of Plants Against Bacterial, Fungal And Viral Pathogens, Qingshun Li, Songhai Shen, Arthur G. Hunt

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Patents

The use of an avr gene hrmA to induce systematic acquired resistance in plant cells, plant seeds, plant tissues and plants is disclosed. Also disclosed is the use of low level expression of promoters in combination with the hrmA gene to provide broad-spectrum pathogen resistance in plant cells, plant seeds, plant tissues and plants.

Materials And Methods Useful To Affect Growth And Development Of Lepidoptera Larvae, Douglas Lee Dahlman, Bruce Allen Webb, Indu B. Maiti

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Patents

The present invention provides materials and methods related to causing insect resistance in plants. Specifically, the present invention provides nucleic acid compounds which encode a teratocyte secreted protein (TSP) which is capable of causing inhibition of growth and developmental arrest in Lepidoptera larvae. Cells and plants (including plant parts, seeds, embryos, etc.) comprising the nucleic acid compounds are also within the scope of the present invention. The present invention also provides amino acid compounds encoded by the nucleic acid compounds of the present invention, as well as methods to induce larval developmental arrest, methods to produce the nucleic acid and …

Forage News [2002-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forages at KCA
• Heart of America Grazing Conference
• 22^ND Kentucky Alfalfa Conference - February 21
• Pasture Aeration: Will It Pay?
• Upcoming Events

“Burn Down” Management Of Winter Cereal Cover Crops For No-Tillage Burley Tobacco Production, Robert C. Pearce, David C. Ditsch, Jack M. Zeleznik, Wade Turner

Agronomy Notes

Recent developments in the design of no-till transplanters and significant improvements in weed control have made no-till tobacco production a feasible option for burley tobacco growers. No-till production reduces soil erosion when tobacco is grown on sloping land. This helps maintain the long term productivity of the soil and may provide the grower with more options for crop rotation, by allowing sloping land to be utilized for tobacco production.

Phosphorus Soil Test Change Following The Addition Of Phosphorus Fertilizer To 16 Kentucky Soils, William O. Thom, James E. Dollarhide

Agronomy Notes

When applying phosphorus to soils it is important to know how much the soil test P changes with the addition of various rates. Soils are different in how they respond to varying rates of application, and only limited information is available for Kentucky soils.

Endophyte Ergot Alkaloid Synthetic Compounds, Compounds Which Encode Therefor And Related Methods, Christopher L. Schardl, Jinhung Wang

Plant Pathology Faculty Patents

The present invention provides, inter alia, dmaW nucleic acid sequences and the proteins for which they encode. Also provided are methods for the utilization of knockout mutants of the sequences which are useful for engineering ergot alkaloid-deficient fungal symbionts (endophytes) of plants. Other methods and materials related to these sequences are also provided.

Fiber Optic Sensor Response To High Levels Of Fat In Cream, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Frederick A. Payne, Clair L. Hicks, M. Pinar Mengüç, Sue E. Nokes

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

A light backscatter technique using optical fibers to deliver and receive light was investigated for measuring the milkfat content of unhomogenized cream. Light backscatter through cream at wavelengths of 450 to 900 nm was measured for fiber separation distances from 2 to 6.5 mm and for cream containing 10 to ~40 weight percent (wt%) milkfat. Unhomogenized cream (~40 wt% milkfat) was mixed with skim milk (~0.05 wt% milkfat) to yield samples with five different milkfat levels. Three optical response models were tested for correlation with milkfat content: one using the light intensity measurement at a single separation distance, the second …

Stripping Burley Tobacco Into Grades, Gary K. Palmer

Agronomy Notes

Stripping burley tobacco into different grades has been a controversial topic for many years. The one-price years in the mid to late 80’s provided no incentive to the producer to strip into the appropriate grades. However, with the advent of contracting in the year 2000, many companies are suggesting four grades but still get a high percentage of three-grade tobacco. Tobacco companies can utilize a small percentage of mixed stripped tobacco, but the handling characteristics of the four stalk positions differ substantially during processing. As the companies make their blends, they look for specific characteristics that differ from grade to …

Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 2001, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program)

The FY 2001 Annual Technical Report for Kentucky consolidates reporting requirements of the Section 104(b) base grant award in a single technical report that includes: 1) a synopsis of each research project supported during the period, 2) a list of related reports, 3) a description of information transfer activities, 4) a summary of student support during the reporting period, and 5) notable achievements and awards during the year.

Positive And Negative Roles Of Cd72 In B Cell Function., Hsin-Jung Wu, Subbarao Bondada

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Regulation of B cell activation depends on integration of signals transmitted by the B cell receptor (BCR) and a variety of co-receptors. CD72 is a B cell co-receptor that is expressed in all stages of B cell development except plasma cells. Ligation of CD72 enhances B cell growth and differentiation. Recently, the class IV semaphoring, CD100, has been identified as the natural ligand for CD72. Cytoplasmic domain of CD72 has been shown to be associated with SHP-1 leading to the proposal that the positive effects of CD72 on B cell response may result from sequestration of negative signals from BCR. …

Genetic Variation For Fusarium Head Blight Resistance In Soft Red Winter Wheat, Marla Dale Hall

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Fusarium graminearum, the causative agent of Fusarium head blight, is an economically important pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Breeding Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistant wheat requires knowledge of the underlying genetic control of FHB resistance.

Two nine-parent diallel analyses were completed in greenhouse and field environments. Combining abilities, variance component ratios, and narrow sense heritabilities for FHB resistance and deoxynivalenol levels were calculated. Significant general and specific combining ability effects were observed. Resistance to FHB seems to be mostly controlled by additive genetic effects with some dominance noted in the field. Resistance noted in the greenhouse environment …

Forage News [2001-12], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Nitrogen Credits for Alfalfa
• Kentucky’s Top Hay Counties
• Grazing Conference Big Success
• Understanding Forage Quality
• Commissioner Smith to Keynote Alfalfa Conference
• Phase 1 Update
• Common Red Clover is a Non-Winner
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2001-11], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Grazing Conference November 29^th
• Alfalfa Yield vs. Stand Age
• Feed & Forage Composition
• Upcoming Events

Monitoring Subsurface Drainage Flow At Remote Locations, Stephen R. Workman, Stephen F. Higgins, Scott A. Shearer

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Laboratory evaluations and field results are presented for a slotted weir used to measure discharge from subsurface drains. The head–discharge curve for the vertical slot is a simple power function with an exponent of 1.5. There was excellent agreement (r² > 0.99 and 1:1 slope) between predicted and observed discharge in laboratory testing of 12 test weirs representing five slot widths. The primary advantages of the vertical slot weir are its simplicity, ease of maintenance, and ability to measure small flow rates. Disadvantages include a tendency for the slot to close a small amount over time as a result of …

Cheese Making With Bacteriophage Resistant Bacteria, Clair D. Hicks

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Patents

A method is provided for reducing or preventing bacteriophage attack on bacteria used in a cheese making process. The method includes (a) treating a blocker peptide precursor with a protease enzyme that hydrolyzes the precursor to produce blocker peptides; (b) collecting the blocker peptides so produced; (c) formulating a starter media with the blocker peptides; (d) growing bulk cultures of cheese making bacteria in the inoculated starter media; and (e) adding bacteria grown in the inoculated starter media to a fermentation medium for producing cheese. The present invention also includes a method of making cheese and cheese produced by the …

Forage News [2001-10], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Beware of Prussic Acid as Frost Approaches
• Forage Conference Set for Farm Bureau Convention
• Hay Testing is Best Bargain
• Crop Residue: Questions & Answers
• KFGC Award Nominations Deadline October 15
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2001-09], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Sign-Up Now for the Kentucky Grazing School
• Novel Endophyte Varieties
• KFGC Award Nominations Deadline October 15
• Roundup Ready Alfalfa, When?
• Seeding Cool Season Grasses
• Stockpiling
• Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Annual Ryegrass Variety Information Supplied to County Agent Offices
• Regional Grazing Conference
• Endophyte Infected Perennial Ryegrass and Horse Farms
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2001-08], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Grazing School
• Comparative Assessment of Autotoxicity Research and Management Recommendations
• Forage Legume Information on the Web
• Value-Added Traits of Alfalfa
• Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Upcoming Events

The Toxoplasma Gondii Protein Rop2 Mediates Host Organelle Association With The Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane, Anthony P. Sinai, Keith A. Joiner

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Toxoplasma gondii replicates within a specialized vacuole surrounded by the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM). The PVM forms intimate interactions with host mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a process termed PVM–organelle association. In this study we identify a likely mediator of this process, the parasite protein ROP2. ROP2, which is localized to the PVM, is secreted from anterior organelles termed rhoptries during parasite invasion into host cells. The NH₂-terminal domain of ROP2 (ROP2hc) within the PVM is exposed to the host cell cytosol, and has characteristics of a mitochondrial targeting signal. In in vitro assays, ROP2hc is …

Forage News [2001-07], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Robinson Station Celebrates 75^TH Anniversary
• Economic Benefits of Stockpiled Fescue on Two Northeast Arkansas Farms
• Performance of Cattle on “HIMAG” Tall Fescue Infected with Novel Endophytes
• Determination of Pregnancy Outcome of Mares Grazed on a Toxic-Free Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue (MaxQ)
• Cutting Height to Maximize Yield and Quality
• Sampling Medium Rectangular Bales: How Many Cores are Enough?
• Upcoming Events

Evaluation Of Residual Chlorothalonil Levels On Processing Tomato Foliage Using The Tom-Cast Spray Program, Jane M. Patterson, Sue E. Nokes, Mark A. Bennett, Richard E. Riedel

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Field tomatoes were sprayed with chlorothalonil on a fixed–interval spray program and a TOM–CAST spray program with disease severity value threshold of 18. Foliage samples from upper and lower canopy layers were collected prior to spray re–applications. Chlorothalonil residue data were compared to the chlorothalonil efficacy threshold (1.2 μg/cm²). Using a seven–day interval program, eight of the nine and seven of the nine spray intervals had chlorothalonil residues above the critical level for the upper and lower canopy layers, respectively. Using the TOM–CAST program, four of the five spray intervals had chlorothalonil residues above the critical level for …

Influence Of Inoculum Size On Phytase Production And Growth In Solid-State Fermentation By Aspergillus Niger, Chundakkadu Krishna, Sue E. Nokes

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Solid–state fermentation is experiencing renewed interest for industrial enzyme production. Previous studies on the effects of fungal inoculum size on product yield have focused on spore inoculum. However, some organisms require vegetative inocula. This study investigated the effects of initial inoculum colony age, vegetative inoculum size, and duration of fermentation on the production of fungal biomass and phytase in solid–state fermentation using Aspergillus niger grown on wheat bran and soy meal. Initial inocula from 7– and 14–day–old potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates were used to study the effect of inoculum colony age in liquid culture and its further influence on …

Isolated Spinach Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxgenase Large Subunit Ε N-Methyltransferase And Method Of Inactivating Ribulose-1,5-Bishosphatase Ε N-Methyltransferase Activity, Robert L. Houtz

Horticulture Faculty Patents

The gene sequence for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) large subunit (LS)^εN-methyltansferase (protein methylase III or Rubisco LSMT) from a plant which has a des(methyl) lysyl residue in the LS is disclosed. In addition, the full-length cDNA clones for Rubisco LSMT are disclosed. Transgenic plants and methods of producing same which have the Rubisco LSMT gene inserted into the DNA are also provided. Further, methods of inactivating the enzymatic activity of Rubisco LSMT are also disclosed.

Forage News [2001-06], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Mare Reproduction Loss Report
• Aerating Pasture and/or Hay Fields
• KFGC Summer Field Day Set for June 19
• Nowak Wins Hay Awards
• Mailing List Update Reminder
• Upcoming Events

Comparison Of The Quantification Of Caffeine In Human Plasma By Gas Chromatography And Elisa, A. B. Carregaro, W. E. Woods, Thomas Tobin, A. Queiroz-Neto

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

In the present study we evaluated the precision of the ELISA method to quantify caffeine in human plasma and compared the results with those obtained by gas chromatography. A total of 58 samples were analyzed by gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector and routine techniques. For the ELISA test, the samples were diluted to obtain a concentration corresponding to 50% of the absorbance of the standard curve. To determine whether the proximity between the I₅₀ of the standard curve and that of the sample would bring about a more precise result, the samples were divided into three blocks according …

Forage News [2001-05], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Mailing List Update
• KFGC Summer Field Day Set for June 19
• Hackley Wins National Forage Spokesperson Contest
• Special Dairy-Beef Grazing School Set for June 12-14
• National Forage Testing Association Listing of Hay Probes
• Reducing the Risk of Hay Fires
• Upcoming Events