Life Sciences Commons^™

Manganese Distribution Across The Blood-Brain Barrier. I. Evidence For Carrier-Mediated Influx Of Managanese Citrate As Well As Manganese And Manganese Transferrin, Janelle S. Crossgrove, David D. Allen, Bonny L. Bukaveckas, Susan S. Rhineheimer, Robert A. Yokel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element and a neurotoxicant. Regulation of Mn movement across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) contributes to whether the brain Mn concentration is functional or toxic. In plasma, Mn associates with water, small molecular weight ligands and proteins. Mn speciation may influence the kinetics of its movement through the BBB. In the present work, the brain influx rates of ⁵⁴Mn²⁺, ⁵⁴Mn citrate and ⁵⁴Mn transferrin (⁵⁴Mn Tf) were determined using the in situ brain perfusion technique. The influx rates were compared to their predicted diffusion rates, which were determined from …

Inhibitory Properties Of Microplitis Croceipes Teratocyte Secretory Products And The Recombinant Protein Tsp14 On Protein Synthesis, Francis Anthony Diluna

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Microplitis croceipes is a solitary endoparasitic wasp that oviposits in the hemocoel of Heleothis virescens larvae. Upon parasitization, the host larvaes physiology is altered; resulting in a compromised immune system and a decrease in the production of some vital proteins resulting in a terminal post-wandering prepupal state. Teratocytes, cells derived from the extraembryonic serosa of the parasitic wasp, mimic symptoms of parasitization when injected into host larvae, independent of other factors like polydnavirus and venom. Some of the inhibition of protein synthesis can be attributed to proteins secreted by the teratocytes (teratocyte secretory proteins or TSP). A fraction of TSP …

Forage News [2002-12], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Grazing Conference
• Forages at KCA
• 23^RD Annual Conference Set for February 20
• What is ArkPlus Tall Fescue?
• Grazing Can Be Just as Profitable
• Fertility of Kentucky Pasture Fields
• Meat Goat Wether Performance on Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue – A Pilot Study
• Spoilage Losses in Large Round Bales
• KFGC Awards
• Upcoming Events

Use Of Bacterial Acetate Kinase And Their Genes For Protection Of Plants Against Different Pathogens, Arthur G. Hunt, Glenn B. Collins, Qingshun Li, Santanu Dasgupta

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Patents

An isolated gene fragment that encodes for acetate kinase, which confers disease resistance in plants is disclosed. The gene can be cloned into an expression vector to produce a recombinant DNA expression system suitable for insertion into cells to form a transgenic plant transformed with the gene fragment. A method for conferring disease resistance in plants that consists of growing plant host cells transformed with the expression system and expressing the gene conferring disease resistance to impart such resistance to host cells is also disclosed.

Gag Proteins Of The Two Drosophila Telomeric Retrotransposons Are Targeted To Chromosome Ends, Svetlana Rashkova, Sarah E. Karam, Rebecca Kellum, Mary-Lou Pardue

Biology Faculty Publications

Drosophila telomeres are formed by two non-LTR retrotransposons, HeT-A and TART, which transpose only to chromosome ends. Successive transpositions of these telomeric elements yield arrays that are functionally equivalent to the arrays generated by telomerase in other organisms. In contrast, other Drosophila non-LTR retrotransposons transpose widely through gene-rich regions, but not to ends. The two telomeric elements encode very similar Gag proteins, suggesting that Gag may be involved in their unique targeting to chromosome ends. To test the intrinsic potential of these Gag proteins for targeting, we tagged the coding sequences with sequence of GFP and expressed the constructs …

Forage News [2002-11], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Grazing Conference Approaching
• Fall Grazing School
• Forage Survey Complete
• Preference of Grazing Goats for Cool-Season Annual Clovers
• Relative Forage Quality (RFQ): Even Better Than RFV
• Upcoming Events

Mechanical Properties Of Corn And Soybean Meal, Marek Molenda, Michael D. Montross, Jozef Horabik, Ira Joseph Ross

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Ground corn and soybean meal are common ingredients in feed mixes. The knowledge of their mechanical properties is important to the feed manufacturer and consumer. Changes in these properties can lead to abnormally high or low levels of active ingredients in finished feed, thus decreasing its quality. Mechanical properties of wheat, corn meal, and soybean meal were investigated using a modified direct shear apparatus. The moisture content (wet basis), uncompacted bulk density, and particle density were: 10.4%, 733 kg/m³, and 1410 kg/m³ for soft red winter wheat; 11.4%, 583 kg/m³, and 1350 kg/m³ for …

Forage News [2002-10], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forage Survey Near Completion
• Fall Grazing School
• KFGC Beef-Forage Field Day
• A Proposal for Replacing Relative Feed Value with an Alternative: Relative Forage Quality
• Yield, Quality, and Toxicity of Stockpiled Tall Fescue
• Production and Persistence of Max-Q Tall Fescue Under Grazing in Alabama
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2002-09], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• KFGC Forage-Beef Field Day
• Kentucky Grazing Conference - November 26
• Perennial Forages: Preserving Your Future
• Pasture Thoughts
• Forage Production in Kentucky
• Upcoming Events

Development Of A Finite-Element Stored Grain Ecosystem Model, Michael D. Montross, Dirk E. Maier, Kamyar Haghighi

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

An axisymmetric finite–element model was developed that predicts the heat, mass, and momentum transfer that occurred in upright corrugated steel storage structures due to conduction, diffusion, and natural convection using realistic boundary conditions. Weather data that included hourly total solar radiation, wind speed, ambient temperature, and relative humidity were used to model the temperature, moisture content, dry matter loss, and maize weevil development during storage with no aeration, and with ambient and chilled aeration. Periods of aeration were simulated assuming a uniform airflow rate through the grain mass. Heat and mass balances were used to calculate the temperature and absolute …

Validation Of A Finite-Element Stored Grain Ecosystem Model, Michael D. Montross, Dirk E. Maier, Kamyar Haghighi

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

An axisymmetric finite–element model was validated with respect to predicting the heat, mass, and momentum transfer that occurred in upright corrugated–steel storage bins due to conduction, diffusion, and natural convection using realistic boundary conditions. Hourly weather data that included hourly total solar radiation, wind speed, ambient temperature, and relative humidity were used to model the corn temperature and moisture content during storage with no aeration, and with ambient and chilled aeration. Periods of aeration were simulated assuming a uniform airflow rate through the grain mass. Sixteen bins with a capacity of 11.7 t each and instrumented with temperature cables were …

Defective Cd19-Dependent Signaling In B-1a And B-1b B Lymphocyte Subpopulations., Goutam Sen, Hsin-Jung Wu, Gabriel Bikah, Chandrasekar Venkataraman, Darrell A Robertson, E Charles Snow, Subbarao Bondada

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Peritoneal and pleural cavities in mice and humans contain a unique population of B-lymphocytes called B-1 cells that are defective in B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling but have an increased propensity to produce autoantibodies. Several molecules such as Btk, Vav, and CD19 known to be important for BCR signaling have been shown to be critical for the development of B-1 cells from undefined precursors. Here we demonstrate that B-1 cell unresponsiveness to BCR cross-linking is in part due to defective signaling through CD19, a molecule known to modulate signaling thresholds in B cells. The defective CD19 signaling is manifested …

Forage News [2002-08], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky “Shines” at National Conference
• Kentucky Farmer Wins National Hay Contest
• Kentucky Farmer Becomes National Forage Spokesman
• Forage Extension Specialist Receives Nation’s Highest Forage Award
• Program Set for Kentucky Grazing Conference
• U.K. All Commodity Field Day Attracts 2000+
• KFGC Forage-Beef Field Day - September 5
• 2002 Kentucky Grazing School
• Upcoming Events

Soy Products Having Improved Odor And Flavor And Methods Related Thereto, William L. Boatright

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Patents

The present invention provides improved soy protein products, soy plants and seeds, and methods to produce the soy protein products.

Use Of The Full Length Transcript (Flt) From Mirabilis Mosaic Caulimovirus To Express Chimeric Genes In Plants, Indu B. Maiti, Nrisingha Dey, Robert J. Shepherd

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Patents

A full-length transcript promoter from mirabilis mosaic caulimovirus (MMV) is identified and its DNA sequence given. The promoter functions as a strong and uniform promoter for chimeric genes inserted into plant cells. This strong promoter function is exhibited by histochemical assay in seeds and floral organs and by reproductive scores of transgenic plants including the promoter. The promoter preferably includes a 3′ untranslated region that may be from the MMV itself or from a heterologous source with respect to the promoter. The promoter is used in a chimeric gene and in methods for transforming plant cells to obtain transgenic plants, …

Forage News [2002-07], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forage Survey
• U.K. All Commodity Field Day - July 18
• Farm Visits
• Jason Sandefur is Kentucky Forage Spokesperson
• KFGC State Forage Field Day is Sept 5 at New UK Beef Research Farm
• Third Edition of Southern Forages
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2002-06], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome Update
• Bermudagrass Test in West Kentucky
• Minnesota to Host Forage Conference
• Date Set for “Heart of America Grazing Conference”
• Hay Probe Listing
• Upcoming Events

Bidirectional Promoters And Methods Related Thereto, Sushen Gan, Mingtang Xie, Yuehui He

Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center Faculty Patents

The present invention comprises artificial nucleic acid constructs comprising a bidirectional promoter having minimal promoter and a common promoter, wherein said minimal promoters is operably linked to said common promoter, in opposite orientation to said common promoter, and 5′ to said common promoter. Those artificial nucleic acid constructs, wherein said bidirectional promoter further comprises at least one gene operably linked to said minimal promoter and said common promoter are preferred.

Forage News [2002-05], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Grazing School Sets Record
• How Much Can You Afford to Pay for a Hay Barn?
• 23^RD Kentucky Alfalfa Conference Set for February 20, 2003
• Stockpiled Tall Fescue Provides Lower Cost Wintering System for Fall Calving Cows
• First Hay Cut Approaching
• Upcoming Events

Cytochrome P450 Enzymes And Related Compounds And Methods, Michael Barrett

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Patents

The present invention provides, inter alia, nucleic acids which encode P450s in corn that, when expressed in the presence of a reductase, metabolize compounds exemplary of several distinct classes of insecticides and herbicides. The invention also includes amino acids encoded by the nucleic acids, as well as vectors, cells and eukaryotes comprising the nucleic or amino acid compounds. Also included are methods using the materials provided.

Forage News [2002-04], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 2002 Hay Winners Recognized
• Spring Grazing School is April 17-18 in Stanford
• Distance Cattle Travel to Water Affects Pasture Utilization Rate
• Disk vs. Sicklebar Mowers
• Importance of Alfalfa
• Alfalfa Rooting Depth
• Upcoming Events

Forage News [2002-03], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Central Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• New Herbicides for Forage Crops
• New Alfalfa May be Ideal for Poor Soils
• Alfalfa Awards
• Some Alfalfa Don’ts
• Kentucky Cattle Numbers Rise Slightly
• Upcoming Events

A Reduced–Cost Mechanized System For Handling And Curing Mechanically–Harvested Burley Tobacco, Greg A. Camenisch, Larry G. Wells, Timothy D. Smith, George A. Duncan

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

An experimental system was tested in which mechanically harvested burley tobacco plants placed onto steel slotted receivers were retrieved from a field, transported to a field curing structure, and placed onto the structure for air curing by a single worker. The system consisted of a tractor–towed, trailer mechanism that engaged and hoisted loads of approximately 360 burley plants of approximately 1 Mg mass. Ten slotted steel rails, 3.05 m long, holding 36 notched plants were placed onto parallel wooden beams suspended at a height of 2.13 m by wooden posts set in the ground. Burley tobacco was cured in this …

A Portable Rainfall Simulator For Plot–Scale Runoff Studies, J. Byron Humphry, Tommy C. Daniel, Dwayne R. Edwards, Andrew N. Sharpley

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Rainfall simulators have a long history of successful use in both laboratory and field investigations. Many plot–scale simulators, however, have been difficult to operate and transport in the field, especially in remote locations where water or electricity is unavailable. This article describes a new rainfall simulator that is relatively easy to operate and transport to and from the field while maintaining critical intensity, distribution, and energy characteristics of natural rainfall. The simulator frame is constructed from lightweight aluminum pipe with a single 50 WSQ nozzle centered at a height of 3 m (9.8 ft). An operating nozzle pressure of 28 …

Friction Of Wheat: Grain-On-Grain And On Corrugated Steel, Marek Molenda, Jozef Horabik, I. Joe Ross, Michael D. Montross

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Coefficients of friction of wheat for grain–on–grain and on galvanized corrugated steel sheet were investigated using a modified direct shear apparatus. Tests were conducted under a normal pressure of 20.7 kPa using soft red winter wheat at a moisture content of 11.2% (w.b.) and an uncompressed bulk density of 740 kg/m³. Three consolidation procedures and three methods of deposition of grain in the test chamber were used. Test results of grain–on–grain friction showed that consolidation procedure markedly influenced the force–displacement relationship, while its influence on the coefficients of friction were small. Shearing to peak strength as a consolidation …

Package Options For Alfalfa, Michael Collins

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Most of the hay crop in Kentucky is harvested as dry hay and stored in round bales of various sizes for feeding on the farm. Most of the round-baled hay in Kentucky is used on-farm in feeding beef and dairy cattle. When alfalfa hay in round bales is left outside without protection from the weather, large losses in DM yield and in forage quality usually result. We routinely measure DM losses in the range of 20- 35% for a normal length hay storage season. Our research has shown that several economical storage options exist for protecting this hay from weathering. …

Marketing Kentucky Hay, Billy Ray Smith

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The production of hay and pasture crops is essential to a profitable future for Kentucky agriculture. The Commonwealth ranked seventh in the nation in hay production in the year 2000 with 6.2 million tons. These forages provide the bulk of the feed supply for our livestock industry. In addition, a significant portion of our hay crop is marketed, both to in-state and out-of-state buyers.

Innovative Loading And Stacking Systems For Custom Hay Sales, Tom Keene

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

As the face of agriculture continues to change, so does the hay industry. What was standard operating procedure twenty years ago is now no longer economically feasible in the cash hay industry. This is especially true in the loading and stacking end of the business.

The business has changed because new technology along with the dramatic decrease in the availability of "hand labor" has helped to drive the need for new loading and stacking systems for the hay industry. These two phenomenon will continue to drive us toward total mechanization in the hay industry in fact many hay producers are …

Designing A Grazing System For Alfalfa, Ken Johnson

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

As we think about grazing alfalfa, we should decide why we are considering alfalfa and where it fits. I want to address some of these issues from my prospective as a grazer with several years experience and as an agriculture employee working with many grazers over the years. Alfalfa is the most productive, high quality grazing forage we can grow in Kentucky; we need to be using it more.

Grazing Alfalfa At The Western Kentucky University Farm, Byron Sleugh, Raquel Stiles, David K. Stiles, Amanda Canty, Curtis Mitchell

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa has been around for centuries. In all this time, it was used in many different ways to provide high quality forage to livestock. In fact, in the area where alfalfa originated, the word actually means "horse power". We have come a long way since then and alfalfa is used for a wide range of animals, from rabbits to rhinos.

In order to maximize the efficiency of utilization of alfalfa, it has become necessary to graze it. Grazing is preferred over harvesting and storage for several reasons: less equipment and thus lower cost, less harvest loss, and greater quality forage …