Life Sciences Commons^™

Forage News [2005-02], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Kentucky Alfalfa Conference Set for February 24
• Alfalfa and Soybean Rust: Is There a Concern?
• Dr. Ray Smith Contact Information
• Selecting Varieties for Kentucky
• AFGC Conference Set for June 11-15 in Bloomington, Illinois
• Kentucky to Host Grazing Conference
• How “Good” Is Your Hay and/or Haylage?
• Alfalfa: The High Quality Hay for Horses
• Getting Ready for the Grazing Season
• Upcoming Events

Improved Pasture Systems Make Sense... And Dollars Too!, Jason Tower

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

Talk to most any beef producer and he can tell you the facts of his beef operation. Many cattlemen can go back three or four generation on a cow’s pedigree. He can tell you what bull was used on the farm for each of the last ten years. More than likely he can tell you the number of calves he weaned last year. He can tell you the average weight of those calves and if he topped the market, there is no doubt you will soon learn what price he received for the calves. Ask this cattleman what it cost …

Corn As A Grazing Crop: An Option For Extending The Grazing Season In Kentucky, David C. Ditsch, John T. Johns, Steven G. Isaacs, Tyler B. Mark, C. D. Lee

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

Grazing is the cheapest way to feed cattle on a cost per pound of nutrient basis. However, producers with limited land resources in Kentucky have been able to use commodities or grain by-products to increase cattle numbers due to low cost and availability of these inputs. Extending the grazing season is one solution that would enable producers to reduce cost and expand production with little or no impact on the environment.

Forage Quality--Back To Basics, Garry D. Lacefield

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

Forage quality means different things to different people. Forage quality varies tremendously among and within forage crops. Forage quality needs varies among and within animal species. Forage quality has been defined in terms of protein, fiber, lignin content, relative feed value, relative forage quality, color, smell, leafiness, fineness of stems, total digestible nutrients, and other physical and/or chemical components. All of these components have merit, but all fall short of clearly defining forage quality. Factors such as average daily gains, conception rates, milk production, wool production, etc. are reliable indicators of forage quality. Forage quality can be defined as: the …

Foreword [2005], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe

Forage Symposium at the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Convention

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2005-01], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• 25^TH Kentucky Alfalfa Conference
• UK All Commodity Field Day
• Ray Smith Joins Our Kentucky Forage
• Team This Month
• Forages at KCA
• Gene Olson to Head Kentucky Variety Testing Program
• Heart of America Grazing Conference – January 19-20-2005
• Integrating Habitat for Bobwhite Quail and Grassland Birds into Livestock Forage and Grazing Systems
• Storage Losses and Nutritive Value of Warm-Season Forages Conserved as Baleage
• Upcoming Events

Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 2004, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program)

The FY 2004 Annual Technical Report for Kentucky consolidates reporting requirements of the Section 104(b) base grant award in a single technical report that includes: 1) a synopsis of each research project supported during the period, 2) a list of related reports, 3) a description of information transfer activities, 4) a summary of student support during the reporting period, and 5) notable achievements and awards during the year.

The Kentucky Agricultural Economic Outlook For 2005, Linda Inman, A. Lee Meyer

Kentucky Agricultural Economic Outlook

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Buller Does To Evolutionary Psychology What Kitcher Did To Sociobiology, Harmon R. Holcomb Iii

Philosophy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Aeration Strategies And Fan Cost Comparisons For Wheat In Mid-South Production Regions, Thomas C. Bridges, Michael D. Montross, Samuel G. Mcneill

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Numerous factors influence the sizing of aeration fans for summer-harvested crops. Thirty years of weather data for Lexington, Kentucky, were analyzed and the cost of aeration was compared for two axial fans (afan1, afan2) and one centrifugal fan (cfan1). Aeration costs were defined as the sum of the following components: the cost of owning the fan, the cost of electricity for operating the fan, a cost for wheat shrinkage during aeration, and a cost for dry matter loss (DML). The fans were selected to deliver airflow rates of approximately one, two, and three times the recommended aeration rate of 0.11 …

Streambank Erosion Associated With Grazing Practices In The Humid Region, Carmen T. Agouridis, Dwayne R. Edwards, Stephen R. Workman, José R. Bicudo, Benjamin K. Koostra, Eric S. Vanzant, Joseph L. Taraba

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The effects of cattle grazing on stream stability have been well documented for the western portion of the U.S., but are lacking for the east. Stream and riparian damage resulting from grazing can include alterations in watershed hydrology, changes to stream morphology, soil compaction and erosion, destruction of vegetation, and water quality impairments. However, few studies have examined the successes of best management practices (BMPs) for mitigating these effects. The objective of this project was to assess the ability of two common BMPs to reduce streambank erosion along a central Kentucky stream. The project site consisted of two replications of …

Kentucky Feeder Cattle Price Analysis: Models For Price Predictions And Grazing Management, Roger Wayne Eldridge

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Kentucky plays an important role in the complex U.S. beef cattle industry. Thisstudy focused on the feeder cattle production sector of Kentucky's beef cattle industry.Primarily a cow-calf state with a substantial backgrounding sector, Kentucky is a largesupplier of feeder cattle to the cattle finishing sector. Price relationships within themarket for Kentucky feeder cattle were examined using historical price data fromKentucky livestock auction markets. This research revealed many interesting pricerelationships that Kentucky producers may use in order to increase the profitability of thecow-calf and/or backgrounding operations. A segment of this research includes aGrazing Management Decision Tool which was constructed to enable …

Demand Determinants For U.S. Exports Of Processed Foods To Emerging Markey Economies, Sanjeev Kumar

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The objectives of this research are to examine the demand for processed foods by emerging markets and to assess demand determinants and potential import growth. Processed foods are the fastest growing segment of U.S. agricultural exports and hence it is imperative to understand the underlying factors behind this growth. Based on a “modified gravity model,” we estimate U.S. exports of processed foods to 10 low and middle-income countries from 1980-2002 using fixed effects method. A classical linear regression model estimates U.S. exports to 60 low and middle-income countries. Results from the classical model indicate that population and income have a …

Tsc2 Modulates Actin Cytoskeleton And Focal Adhesion Through Tsc1-Binding Domain And The Rac1 Gtpase, Elena Goncharova, Dmitry Goncharov, Daniel J. Noonan, Vera P Krymskaya

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) 1 and TSC2 are thought to be involved in protein translational regulation and cell growth, and loss of their function is a cause of TSC and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). However, TSC1 also activates Rho and regulates cell adhesion. We found that TSC2 modulates actin dynamics and cell adhesion and the TSC1-binding domain (TSC2-HBD) is essential for this function of TSC2. Expression of TSC2 or TSC2-HBD in TSC2-/- cells promoted Rac1 activation, inhibition of Rho, stress fiber disassembly, and focal adhesion remodeling. The down-regulation of TSC1 with TSC1 siRNA in TSC2-/- cells activated Rac1 and induced loss of …

Forage News [2004-12], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Forages at KCA in Owensboro
• Kentucky Alfalfa Conference – 25^TH Anniversary
• Groups Form National Alfalfa Coalition
• Eleven Seasons of Pasture Productivity and Heifer Performance Under Rotational Grazing: Data From WICST.
• Hay Storage Update
• Upcoming Events

Monitoring Heart Rate In Drosophila Larvae By Various Approaches, Sameera Dasari, Robin L. Cooper

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Monitoring Carbon Dioxide Production By Drosophila Larvae, Robin L. Cooper, D. Nicholas Mcletchie

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Monitoring Activity Of Drosophila Larvae: Impedance & Video Microscopy Measures, Ann Simone Cooper, Robin L. Cooper

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Forage News [2004-11], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• Dr. Ray Smith Joins Kentucky Forage Team
• KFGC Presents 2004 Forage Awards
• Forage Spokesman Winner
• Grigson Becomes KFGC President
• KFGC Board Elects Six New Members
• 5th Kentucky Grazing Conference Big Success
• Forage Information
• What Is the Quality of Your Hay?
• How Good Is Stockpiled Tall Fescue?
• Effects of Tall Fescue Endophyte on Reproduction
• American Forage and Grassland Council Update
• Calf Weaning Weights of Cattle Grazing Toxic or MaxQ™ Tall Fescue Stands
• Hay Production
• Upcoming Events

2004 Forage Spokesperson Contestants, James Chestnut, Jimmy May, Steve Meredith, Bill Payne

Kentucky Grazing Conference

No abstract provided.

Strategies For Reducing Stored Feed Requirements, Don Ball

Kentucky Grazing Conference

A basic, desirable goal for virtually any livestock producer is to minimize stored feed requirements. It is less expensive to have livestock harvest forage for themselves by grazing than to harvest it for them; therefore, the greater the extent to which pasture can be used to provide nutrition, the more profitable a livestock operation will generally be. Thus, it is worthwhile to consider all options that might be available for reducing stored feed needs.

Stocking Decisions: They Make Or Break You, Glen E. Aiken

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Decisions on species and variety of forage to plant and manage are economically critical because it establishes the potential to meet a particular production goal. However, the stocking rate used to graze these forages is more critical because it ultimately determines if a targeted level of production is reached. Most cattlemen aim for a stocking rate that provides maximum economic return, but it should be emphasized that an economically optimum stocking rate is one that potentially provides sustained economic return. It is obvious that dollar return is not maximized if excessive heavy grazing results in costly pasture renovation, ranging from …

Grazing: Getting From Where You Are To Where You Want To Be, Gary Bates

Kentucky Grazing Conference

When trying to design a forage and grazing program, producers often try to consider so many factors that it becomes mind-boggling. If basic plant physiology, how and when a forage plant grows is considered, improving a forage program will usually become easier, especially in developing a controlled grazing system. The purpose of a controlled grazing system should be to improve the utilization of the high quality forage produced on the farm. In order to improve this utilization, it is helpful to understand plant growth and quality, and the factors that affect them.

Will Improved Grazing Pay For Extra Fencing And Water Cost?, Ken Johnson

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Expectation is founded on faith, and in faith lays opportunities. I suppose as we look at most farming operations most changes occur from force not by choice. What I propose today and hope to convince most of you; is that here is an opportunity to make more profit, if you’re willing to change and have faith that it will work. Most of us have heard of, if not practiced rotation grazing for a long time. The question many ask, is it worthwhile. Does better grazing management make me any more money? I hope to at least provide some insight as …

Present And Future Tall Fescue Varieties, Timothy D. Phillips

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Tall fescue has played a key role in forage production over the past century in the USA. It has other uses besides forage applications, such as turf, mine reclamation, and highway rights-of-way, but in this presentation we will focus on forage varieties. Several hundred turf-type tall fescue varieties have been developed over the past 30 years, mainly by private seed companies using material from Reed Funk at Rutgers University in New Jersey. Forage varieties aren’t as numerous. I will discuss some of the older and current forage tall fescue varieties, and finish by discussing the newest varieties, and those that …

Fertilizing Pastures For Profit, Byron Sleugh

Kentucky Grazing Conference

It has been known for centuries that providing certain nutrients to plants is critical for high productivity. The nutrient source and manner in which it is applied may vary, but the desired outcome is the same: high crop yield and quality. Fertilization is the most practical means that producers have to ensure that crops receive the nutrients they need. While increasing fertilizer application and managing pH by liming can lead to increase forage production, your investment should be measured against the potential return. Also, over application of nutrients can potentially cause environmental problems.

Role Of Legumes In Pasture Systems, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Grazing Conference

Successful livestock programs are dependent on forage programs which supply large quantities of adequate quality, homegrown feed. A major percentage of the feed units for beef (83%) and dairy (61%) cattle come from forages. In addition, forages supply an estimated 91%, 72%, 15% and 99% of the nutrients consumed by sheep and goats, horses, swine and ruminant wildlife, respectively. These values can be put in perspective when we consider that 63% of Kentucky's Agricultural Cash Receipts are from livestock and livestock products. Cash hay accounts for approximately 28% of the total crop value. Hay ranks second only to tobacco in …

Foreword And Kfgc Award Winners [2004], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe

Kentucky Grazing Conference

No abstract provided.

Two Drosophila Suppressors Of Cytokine Signaling (Socs) Differentially Regulate Jak And Egfr Pathway Activities, Jason S. Rawlings, Gabriela Rennebeck, Susan M.W. Harrison, Rongwen Xi, Douglas A. Harrison

Biology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The Janus kinase (JAK) cascade is an essential and well-conserved pathway required to transduce signals for a variety of ligands in both vertebrates and invertebrates. While activation of the pathway is essential to many processes, mutations from mammals and Drosophila demonstrate that regulation is also critical. The SOCS (Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling) proteins in mammals are regulators of the JAK pathway that participate in a negative feedback loop, as they are transcriptionally activated by JAK signaling. Examination of one Drosophila SOCS homologue, Socs36E, demonstrated that its expression is responsive to JAK pathway activity and it is capable of downregulating …

A Subset Of Liver Nk T Cells Is Activated During Leishmania Donovani Infection By Cd1d-Bound Lipophosphoglycan, Joseph L. Amprey, Jin S. Im, Salvatore J. Turco, Henry W. Murray, Petr A. Illarionov, Gurdyal S. Besra, Steven A. Porcelli, Gerald F. Späth

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Natural killer (NK) T cells are activated by synthetic or self-glycolipids and implicated in innate host resistance to a range of viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens. Despite the immunogenicity of microbial lipoglycans and their promiscuous binding to CD1d, no pathogen-derived glycolipid antigen presented by this pathway has been identified to date. In the current work, we show increased susceptibility of NK T cell–deficient CD1d^−/− mice to Leishmania donovani infection and Leishmania-induced CD1d-dependent activation of NK T cells in wild-type animals. The elicited response was Th1 polarized, occurred as early as 2 h after infection, and was independent from …