Life Sciences Commons^™

Drying Techniques For Precooked Hybrid Rice To Ensure Quality Of Instantized Rice, Anne Adhiambo Okeyo, Kaushik Luthra, Justin Siebenmorgen, Alan R. Vazquez, Griffiths Atungulu

Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background and Objectives

Due to the emergence of new hybrid rice cultivars, rice processors must refine their processing protocols to maintain the production of high-quality products. This is crucial for the instant rice processing industry. Therefore, this study aims to refine current convective heated air-drying processing methods to suit the new hybrid rice cultivars intended for instant rice production. New strategies to dry cooked rice were investigated. These included drying in a stepwise manner with high (230–200°C) and medium (190–160°C) air temperatures and drying at constant high (200°C) and medium (160°C) air temperatures. Changes in quality attributes of two new …

Assessment Of Novel Protein Ingredient Arthrospira Platensis And Soybean Genotype Amino Acid And Oil Selection Improvements On Broiler Performance For A 28-42 D Feeding Period, Savannah C. Wells-Crofton, Kenneth B. Nelson, Garrett J. Mullenix, Craig W. Maynard, Michael T. Kidd

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Two experiments were conducted to assess the efficiency of including the novel protein ingredient Arthrospira platensis or improved soybean meal in a broiler diet. The first experiment aimed to determine the feeding value of soybean meal produced from varieties of soybeans bred for increased amino acid content (SBAA) and improved oil content (SBO) compared to a conventional soybean variety in an ANOVA design fed to Cobb 500 female broilers for 28–42 d. The SBAA and SBO soybeans contained overall higher amino acid content and lower oligosaccharide content compared to the conventional soybean variety in addition to improved oil quality. The …

Research Note: Carcass Yield And Meat Quality In High- And Low-Water Efficient Broiler Lines Exposed To Heat Stress, Sara Orlowski, Elizabeth Greene, Kentu Lassiter, Travis Tabler, Walter Bottje, Sami Dridi

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Heat stress (HS) and water scarcity are significant challenges to sustainable poultry production worldwide. It is, therefore, critical to identify effective strategies to prevent, withstand, or adapt to these challenges. After four generations of divergent selection for water efficiency, the present study was undertaken to determine the effect of HS on meat quality and muscle myopathy incidences in high (HWE)- and low (LWE)-water efficient broilers. Day-old male chicks (240 chicks/line) were allotted randomly by line and body weight-matched groups to 12 controlled-environmental chambers (2 pens/chamber). At d29, birds were exposed to 2 environmental conditions …

Glycine, Serine, And Arginine Additions To Cobb 500 Female Broilers Fed Dietary Variations In Crude Protein, M. A. Anas, N.S.B.M. Atapattu, K. B. Nelson, S. W. Crafton, Michael T. Kidd

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study investigated the effects of supplemental Gly, Ser, and Arg on growth performance, carcass traits, footpad dermatitis, and litter ammonia emission of broilers fed low-protein diets from 18 to 42 d of age. A total 576 one-day-old female Cobb 500 broilers were divided into 6 dietary treatments: 1) control, high CP (HCP 20%), 2) medium CP (MCP 18%), 3) low CP (LCP 16%), 4) LCP + 0.20% Gly+Ser, 5) LCP + 0.20% Arg, and 6) LCP + 0.20% Gly+Ser + 0.20% Arg. Although BW gain and feed intake were not affected by treatments, reducing CP to LCP (16% CP) …

Early 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-Glycosides Supplementation: An Efficient Feeding Strategy Against Bacterial Chondronecrosis With Osteomyelitis Lameness In Broilers Assessed By Using An Aerosol Transmission Model, Andi Asnayanti, Khawla Alharbi, Anh Dang Trieu Do, Layla Al-Mitib, Kathrin Buhler, Jan Dirk Van Der Klis, Javier Gonzalez, Michael T. Kidd, Adnan A. Alrubaye

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) lameness is a leg disorder in broilers leading to huge economic losses, food safety concerns, and animal welfare issues in the poultry industry. The active metabolite of vitamin D₃, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃, plays pivotal roles in mineral homeostasis, bone health, and immune systems which are essential for protection against BCO. Thus, we hypothesized that supplementation with a Solanum glaucophyllum-derived source of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides) would be an effective measure to control lameness. Here, we report the optimum concentration of 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides …

Titration Of Dietary Histidine During A 15 To 35 D Feeding Period In Male Cobb 500 Broilers, K. B. Nelson, S. C. Wells-Crafton, M. F. Costa, B. L. Angel, S. K. Rao, G. J. Mullenix, C. W. Maynard, Michael T. Kidd

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Dietary CP reductions in broilers can result in increased FCR when 6 or 7 feed-grade amino acids are allowed to enter formulation, and a partial explanation may be a dietary limitation of His. Histidine requirement data are sparce in the current body of literature, especially beyond 3 wk post-hatch. Therefore, a His dose-response experiment (expressed as a percentage of Lys) was conducted with male Cobb 500 broilers from 15 to 35 d post-hatch. A His deficient test diet was formulated to contain a digestible His to digestible Lys (dHis:dLys) ratio of 28.0%. Graded increments of L-His were added to the …

Noise Leads To The Perceived Increase In Evolutionary Rates Over Short Time Scales, Brian C. O'Meara, Jeremy M. Beaulieu

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Across a variety of biological datasets, from genomes to conservation to the fossil record, evolutionary rates appear to increase toward the present or over short time scales. This has long been seen as an indication of processes operating differently at different time scales, even potentially as an indicator of a need for new theory connecting macroevolution and microevolution. Here we introduce a set of models that assess the relationship between rate and time and demonstrate that these patterns are statistical artifacts of time-independent errors present across ecological and evolutionary datasets, which produce hyperbolic patterns of rates through time. We show …

Diverse Origins Of Near-Identical Antifreeze Proteins In Unrelated Fish Lineages Provide Insights Into Evolutionary Mechanisms Of New Gene Birth And Protein Sequence Convergence, Nathan Rives, Vinita Lamba, C.H. Christina Cheng, Xuan Zhuang

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Determining the origins of novel genes and the mechanisms driving the emergence of new functions is challenging yet crucial for understanding evolutionary innovations. Recently evolved fish antifreeze proteins (AFPs) offer a unique opportunity to explore these processes, particularly the near-identical type I AFP (AFPI) found in four phylogenetically divergent fish taxa. This study tested the hypothesis of protein sequence convergence beyond functional convergence in three unrelated AFPI-bearing fish lineages. Through comprehensive comparative analyses of newly sequenced genomes of winter flounder and grubby sculpin, along with available high-quality genomes of cunner and 14 other related species, the study revealed that near-identical …

Cover Crop And Wheel-Track Effects On Soil Properties Under Cotton Production In Eastern Arkansas, Shelby G. Lebeau, Kristofor R. Brye, Michael Daniels, Lisa S. Wood

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Repetitive use of heavy farm machinery in cultivated agriculture may cause soil compaction that can adversely affect soil-health-related properties. Cover crops (CC) are well-documented to alleviate problems associated with compaction and improve overall soil health in time. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the cumulative effects of CC treatment (i.e., with ≥ 6 years cereal rye [Secale cereale L.] CC and ≥ 4 years with no cover crop [NCC]) and sample/measurement placement (i.e., in the bed [B] and in the wheel-track [WT] and no-wheel-track [NWT] furrow) on near-surface soil physical-, chemical-, and infiltration-related properties in an …

Near-Surface Soil Chemical Properties As Affected By Cover Crops Over Time In The Lower Mississippi River Valley, Cooper Fanning, Kristofor R. Brye, Michael B. Daniels, Trenton Roberts, Samuel B. Fernandes, Lisa Wood

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Typical row-crop agricultural practices can potentially be harmful to soil health and future sustainability. The use of cover crops (CC) as a mechanism to improve soil health on a wide scale remains underutilized. Soil health remains a major concern for the sustainability of agricultural productivity, therefore, research into CC implementation as a mean to preserve or improve soil health is warranted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of CC on the soils in the eastern Arkansas portion of the Lower Mississippi River Valley (LMRV) over time for various chemical soil parameters, including pH, soil organic matter …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Livelihood Assets: A Case Study Of High-Value Crop Farmers In North-West Bangladesh, Umme Salma, Mohammad Janhangir Alam, Ismat Ara Begum, Md. Abdur Rouf Sarkar, Tamara Jackson, Tamanna Mastura, Md. Salauddin Palash, Andrew M. Mckensie, Avinash Kishore

Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty Publications and Presentations

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a catastrophic impact on public health, extending to the food system and people's livelihoods worldwide, including Bangladesh. This study aimed to ascertain the COVID-19 pandemic impacts on livelihood assets in the North-Western areas (Rajshahi and Rangpur) of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected from 320 farmers engaged in high-value agriculture using a multistage sampling method. The data were analysed using first-order structural equation modelling. The findings reveal a significant impact (p <  0.01) of the pandemic on all livelihood assets in Bangladesh. Notably, human assets exhibited the highest impact, with a coefficient of 0.740, followed sequentially by financial (0.709), social (0.684), natural (0.600), physical (0.542), and psychological (0.537) assets. Government-imposed lockdowns and mobility restrictions were identified as the major causes of the pandemic's negative effects on livelihoods, which included lost income, rising food prices, decreased purchasing power, inadequate access to food and medical supplies, increased social insecurity, and a rise in depression, worry, and anxiety among farmers. The effects of COVID-19 and associated policy measures on the livelihoods of high-value crop farmers have reversed substantial economic and nutritional advances gained over the previous decade. This study suggests attention to the sustainable livelihoods of farmers through direct cash transfer and input incentive programs to minimize their vulnerability to a pandemic like COVID-19 or any other crisis in the future.

Management Strategies For Preventing And Recovering From Bermudagrass Winterkill, W. J. Hutchens, T. Q. Carr, A. J. Patton, C. A. Bigelow, Eric J. Deboer, J. M. Goatley, D. L. Martin, D. S. Mccall, G. L. Miller, J. S. Powlen, M. D. Richardson, M. Xiang

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

Abstract

Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp. Rich) is a warm-season grass that is widely planted throughout tropical, sub-tropical, and even temperate climates, and it generally requires fewer inputs than most cool-season turfgrasses. In recent years, the area of adaptation for bermudagrass has progressively expanded to cooler climates due to the development of more cold-tolerant cultivars. The expanded area of adaptation as well as the reduced inputs required to maintain healthy turfgrass have made bermudagrass a popular choice in areas of marginal adaptation. In these areas, the greatest threat to bermudagrass health and survivability is winterkill. This management guide seeks to describe …

Actuarial Implications Of Prevented Planting Coverage, Dylan Turner, Francis Tsiboe, Hunter D. Biram, Lawson Connor

Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty Publications and Presentations

Within the Federal Crop Insurance Program (FCIP), prevented planting (PP) coverage provides payments for pre-planting costs associated with crops that ultimately cannot be planted due to adverse weather. PP indemnities, which are not considered production losses within the FCIP rating methodology, influence premium rates differently than typical losses. This study utilizes a panel data set consisting of approximately 77,697 county level observations from RMA's summary of business to identify the relationship between the prevalence of prevent plant use and a number of actuarial related outcomes. Overall, we find that increases in the share of total indemnities attributable to PP claims …

Improving Winter Survival Of Interspecific Hybrid Bermudagrass In The Mid-Atlantic Region Through Cultural Practices, Joseph R. Doherty, W. J. Hutchens, Jordan C. Booth, David S. Mccall, Michael V. Battaglia, Eric J. Deboer, Joseph A. Roberts

Horticulture Faculty Publications and Presentations

Winter injury can cause significant loss of hybrid bermudagrasses [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] in the transition zone. Current research has focused on high-value, low-acreage areas like putting greens, but those practices are impractical to implement on golf course fairways. To that end, multi-year research projects were conducted at three sites across Maryland and Virginia to investigate the influence of annual N fertility [2.0 lb N 1000 ft⁻² (early summer application) or 4.0 lb N 1000 ft⁻² (split applied early and late summer)] across multiple fall mowing heights (0.5 inches, 0.8 inches, or 1 …

Alternate Conformational Trajectories In Ribosome Translocation, Jose L. Alejo, Dylan Girodat, Michael J. Hammerling, Jessica A. Willi, Michael C. Jewett, Aaron E. Engelhardt, Katarzyna P. Adamala

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Abstract

Translocation in protein synthesis entails the efficient and accurate movement of the mRNA-[tRNA]₂ substrate through the ribosome after peptide bond formation. An essential conformational change during this process is the swiveling of the small subunit head domain about two rRNA ‘hinge’ elements. Using iterative selection and molecular dynamics simulations, we derive alternate hinge elements capable of translocation in vitro and in vivo and describe their effects on the conformational trajectory of the EF-G-bound, translocating ribosome. In these alternate conformational pathways, we observe a diversity of swivel kinetics, hinge motions, three-dimensional head domain trajectories and tRNA dynamics. By finding …

Agriculture Students’ Use Of Generative Artificial Intelligence For Microcontroller Programming, Donald M. Johnson, Will Doss, Chris Estepp

Agricultural Education, Communications and Technology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Microcontrollers are widely used in agriculture, yet most undergraduate agriculture students do not have the programming skills necessary to make use of these devices in their academic programs or careers. However, generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT, have the ability to write complex microcontroller programs when properly queried. The study was conducted to determine the effects of undergraduate agriculture students’ (n = 22) use of ChatGPT to write a microcontroller program on their programming task performance, self-efficacy, and attitudes toward generative AI. Nine of 11 (81.8%) student pairs were successful in the ChatGPT-assisted programming activity, requiring between …

Immune Modulation And Cecal Microbiome Changes In Broilers Fed With Fenugreek Seeds And Bacillus-Based Probiotics, Deependra Paneru, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Walter G. Bottje, Emmanuel Asiamah, Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth, Md. Salahuddin, Jayant Lohakare

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Intensive broiler production systems face challenges like enteric diseases, impacting global food security. Strategies to enhance broiler immunity and gut health, particularly amidst antibiotic growth promoter restrictions, are crucial. The present study investigated the combined effects of fenugreek seeds (FS) and Bacillus-based direct-fed microbials (DFM) on immune-related gene expression in the ileum and alteration of microbial population in the cecum of broiler. The study involved 160 Ross 308 broiler chicks, which were divided into four groups consisting of 5 replicates, each containing eight birds. The chicks were grown for a period of 42 d, during …

Modern Building Structures Are A Landscape-Level Driver Of Bat–Human Exposure Risk In Kenya, Tamika Lunn, Reilly T. Jackson, Paul W. Webala, Joseph G. Ogola, Kristian M. Forbes

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Identifying the locations and drivers of high-risk interfaces between humans and wildlife is crucial for managing zoonotic disease risk. We suggest that continent-wide improvements to residential housing in Africa are inadvertently creating artificial roosting habitat for synanthropic free-tailed bats (family Molossidae), and that improved buildings are a rapidly accelerating exposure interface that needs urgent research attention and investment. Along a residential gradient in rural southern Kenya, we mapped building use by free-tailed bats in 1109 buildings. We show that bats often roost in human-occupied buildings, with almost one-in-ten buildings exhibiting evidence of bat occupation (9.2%) and one-in-13 found to contain …

Balancing Ecology And Practicality To Rank Waterbodies For Preventative Invasive Species Management, Caleb P. Roberts, William E. Grant, Matthew L. Horton, Lindsey A.P. Labrie, Miranda R. Peterson, Jane S. Rogosh, Hsiao-Hsuan Wang

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

• ‘Early detection and rapid response’ (EDRR) is the most successful framework for preventative invasive species management, but prioritizing localized EDRR actions with limited resources is challenging. An approach that ranks individual locations, such as waterbodies, for EDRR by combining an invasive species' establishment risk with the practicality of managing it could help set reasonable priorities.
• Here, we worked with regional practitioners in Arkansas, USA, and the broader Southeastern USA to co-produce a workflow for preventative aquatic invasive species management that (1) estimates establishment risk under current and future climates with a species distribution model, (2) scores waterbodies according to difficulty …

Determination Of Phytic Acid Disappearance, Ileal P Digestibility At Different Dietary Ca Levels, And Relative P Bioavailability In Soybean Meal, Canola Meal, Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles, Corn Fermented Protein, And Wheat Middlings, B.W. Parsons, Samuel Rochell

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate P utilization in soybean meal (SBM), canola meal (CM), distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), corn fermented protein (CFP), and wheat middlings (WM) using different assays. In Experiment 1, phytic acid disappearance (myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis; InsP₆D) and inositol phosphate disappearance (InsP-PD) were determined using precision-fed cecectomized Leghorn roosters. Roosters were precision-fed 20 to 25 g of SBM, CM, DDGS, CFP, and WM. In Experiment 2, InsP₆D, InsP-PD, and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of P at different Ca levels were determined using ad …

Meta-Analytical Evidence For Frequency-Dependent Selection Across The Tree Of Life, Miguel Gomez-Llano, Ronald D. Bassar, Erik I. Svensson, Simon P. Tye, Adam M. Siepielski

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Explaining the maintenance of genetic variation in fitness-related traits within populations is a fundamental challenge in ecology and evolutionary biology. Frequency-dependent selection (FDS) is one mechanism that can maintain such variation, especially when selection favours rare variants (negative FDS). However, our general knowledge about the occurrence of FDS, its strength and direction remain fragmented, limiting general inferences about this important evolutionary process. We systematically reviewed the published literature on FDS and assembled a database of 747 effect sizes from 101 studies to analyse the occurrence, strength, and direction of FDS, and the factors that could explain heterogeneity in FDS. Using …

Diseases Of Cannabis Sativa And The Epidemiology And Molecular Diversity Of Neofusicoccum Parvum, Hannah V. Zima

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cannabis sativa has been an underutilized agricultural resource in the United States, largely due to federal regulations distinguishing marijuana from hemp. In 2018, Congress passed a Farm Bill, which defined hemp as C. sativa containing a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) level of no more than 0.3%. As a result, commercial hemp production began in most states in 2019, including Arkansas, and was accompanied by numerous challenges like diseases and pests. The research on the epidemiology of diseases affecting C. sativa is limited, and understanding the pathogens is in its early stages in the U.S. For this study, an initial disease survey was …

Detection Of Fungicide Resistance In Population Of Corynespora Cassiicola From Arkansas Soybean And Cotton Fields, Rafael Zaia

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Target spot, caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola, has reemerged since 2016 as an economically important disease on soybean and cotton across the Southern U.S. The quinone outside inhibitors (QoI) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) are important fungicide classes used to control foliar diseases in soybean and cotton. The efficacy of these products is rapidly decreasing, impacting control, and causing significant yield losses. The overall objective of this study was to determine the risks associated with chemical control by screening fungicide sensitivity, evaluating target site alterations, and analysis of disease control efficacy and yield response of fungicides for soybean in …

Interactive Effects Between Bluetongue Virus Infection And Insecticide Exposures In Culicoides Sonorensis, Parker Mullins

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Culicoides biting midges are common pests around the world of humans, livestock, and wildlife. In addition to nuisance blood feeding, they are also able to transmit pathogens to their hosts like bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus, which can be damaging in terms of both production economics and animal welfare. In order to protect humans and livestock from biting pests like Culicoides, a wide array of interventions is recommended, but chemical insecticides and repellent use are ubiquitous. For a multitude of reasons ranging from natural weathering of applied insecticides to the increase in resistance-associated mutations and behaviors in …

Fungal Pathogen Control And Microbial Ecology: Insights From Soybean Seed Production, Samantha Rigo Segalin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluated the effects of planting date (PD), seed vigor, and chemical seed treatments on the plant stand and yield of two soybean cultivars with different maturity groups (MGs) across four locations in Arkansas from 2018 to 2021. Early planting in early May (early PD) led to higher plant stands and yields compared to late planting in early June (late PD). The interaction between planting date and cultivar was significant, with both cultivars showing higher plant stands on early planting dates. Seed vigor and seed treatment also significantly impacted plant populations; high-vigor seeds planted early resulted in better stands …

Evaluating Margin Protection (Mp) Crop Insurance As A Risk Management Tool For Rice Producers In Arkansas, Kaleem Azmat Chattha

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Agricultural producers bear many risks, including production risks stemming from uncertainty in weather and pest pressure and price risks arising from market volatility. Federal Crop Insurance has become one of the most popular tools to manage these risks. While yield and revenue crop insurance tend to be the most popular production and price risk management tools provided by the government, participation in Margin Protection insurance lags far behind despite providing production, crop price, and input price risk protection. This study aims to uncover whether Margin Protection crop insurance is an effective risk management tool by estimating the optimal coverage level …

Using Machine Learning To Combine Genetic And Environmental Data For Maize Grain Yield Predictions Across Multi-Environment Trials, Igor K. Fernandes, Caio C. Vieira, Kaio O.G. Dias, Samuel B. Fernandes

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Complementing phenotypic traits and molecular markers with high-dimensional data such as climate and soil information is becoming a common practice in breeding programs. This study explored new ways to combine non-genetic information in genomic prediction models using machine learning. Using the multi-environment trial data from the Genomes To Fields initiative, different models to predict maize grain yield were adjusted using various inputs: genetic, environmental, or a combination of both, either in an additive (genetic-and-environmental; G+E) or a multiplicative (genotype-by-environment interaction; GEI) manner. When including environmental data, the mean prediction accuracy of machine learning genomic prediction models increased up to 7% …

Performance And Enhanced Efficiency Induced By Cold Plasma On Sapo-34 Membranes For Co2 And Ch4 Mixtures, Fnu Gorky, Vashanti Storr, Grace Jones, Apolo Nambo, Jacek B. Jasinski, Maria L. Carreon

Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this study, we investigate the influence of cold-plasma-induced enhanced performance and efficiency of SAPO-34 membranes in the separation of CO₂ and CH₄ mixtures. Placing the herein presented research in a broader context, we aim to address the question of whether cold plasma can significantly impact the membrane performance. We subjected SAPO-34 membranes to plasma mild disturbances and analyzed their performance in separating CO₂ and CH₄. Our findings reveal a notable enhancement in membrane efficiency and sustained performance when exposed to cold plasma. The pulsed plasma separation displayed improved structural integrity, and the experimental results …

Employer's Perceptions Of The Agricultural Leadership Development Program At The University Of Arkansas, Samantha Jones

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A review of the literature revealed a lack of peer-reviewed research on employer perceptions and expectations for agricultural leadership (AGLE) graduates. This study aimed to address this gap by identifying competencies necessary for effective education in AGLE programs. Utilizing a survey design, numerical data and qualitative responses, converted into numeric data to analyze frequency of concept occurrences were reported. A questionnaire, developed based on this study’s objectives and the Program System Model, was distributed to employers at the 2023 Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences Career Fair. The survey assessed employers’ perceptions of agricultural leadership programs, the …

Approaches To Controlling Palmer Amaranth And Its Interference In Furrow-Irrigated Rice, Tanner Austin King

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats) is the most troublesome and problematic weed in most mid-southern U.S. row crop production systems. With the increased adoption of furrow-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.), there is a greater occurrence of Palmer amaranth due to sustained moist conditions allowing continual emergence of the weed throughout the growing season. Palmer amaranth has previously been shown to negatively affect crop yields when left unmanaged. Therefore, there is a high potential for rice yield loss due to the weed’s ability to emerge over an extended period and interfere with crop development. However, there is a lack of …