Life Sciences Commons^™

Evaluation Of School Wellness Policies In North San Luis Obispo County (Final Report), Ann Yelmokas Mcdermott, David W. Hey, Laurie Pugh, Rosanna Taylor, Arlene Grant-Holcomb, Stephanie F. Teaford

Kinesiology and Public Health

A two year grant (October 2008-2010) was awarded to the San Luis Obispo County Public Health Department (SLO-PHD) so that outside agencies could engage in school wellness policy (SWP) advocacy and community activities to aid in combating the growing epidemic of obesity among the county‘s high risk populations. Under SLO-PHD oversight, Healthy Eating Active Living (HEAL-SLO) proposed school district outcomes, objectives, and indicators. (Attachment A provides the SWP rationale while Attachment B contains the HEAL-SLO/TCE purpose and goals.) In March 2009, a research team from newly formed STRIDE at California Polytechnic State University was contracted to review and evaluate Lillian …

Traversing Swanton Road, 2nd Ed., James A. West

Academic, Government & Associated Organizational Research Resources

Situated at the northwest end of Santa Cruz County and occupying circa 30 square miles of sharply contrasted terrain, the Scott Creek Watershed concentrates within its geomorphological boundaries, at least 10-12% of California's flora, both native and introduced. Paradoxically, the use/abuse that the watershed has sustained over the past 140+ years, has not necessarily diminished the biodiversity and perhaps parallels the naturally disruptive but biologically energizing processes (fire, flooding, landslides and erosion), which have also been historically documented for the area for +60 years. This is an early edition of an extensive document by James A. West. Please visit the …

A Novel Method For Evaluating The Release Of Fermentable Sugars From Cellulosic Biomass, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Gina Fake, Jennifer Carroll, Elizabeth Hood, John Howard

Dairy Science

Efficient hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass into free sugars for the production of bioethanol would allow utilization of an abundant and renewable natural resource. However, complex microcrystalline cellulose in biomass resists digestion. A preferred method to deconstruct cellulose is using enzyme cocktails, but the presence of multiple enzymes with synergistic outcomes for this process complicates direct biochemical analysis as a reliable indicator of deconstruction. Methods to detect release of free sugars rather than direct measurement of enzymatic activity are available but are time-consuming, and do not reflect the production of metabolic inhibitors of microbial growth which may interfere with the subsequent …

Lutein Exposure, In Ovo Or In The Diet, Reduces Parameters Of Inflammation In The Liver And Spleen Laying-Type Chicks (Gallus Gallus Domesticus), L.S. Meriwether, B. D. Humphrey, D. G. Peterson, K. C. Klasing, E. A. Koutsos

Animal Science

These trials examined whether the demonstrated effects of embryonic and dietary carotenoid exposure on the inflammatory immune response in fast growing chickens also occur in slow growing chickens. The systemic and local inflammatory responses of chicks were examined in two experiments with two in ovo lutein levels (C+, carotenoid replete; or C−, carotenoid-deplete), two dietary lutein levels (0 or 40 mg lutein/kg diet), and two inflammatory challenges [no exposure or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-vaccinated]. At 24 h after LPS vaccination, spleen weight was not affected by diet or in ovo lutein, but liver weight increased from C+ eggs (p < 0.01), and in LPS-vaccinated chicks fed 0 mg lutein (p < 0.05), but not in chicks fed 40 mg lutein. Plasma carotenoids and liver carotenoids were reduced post-LPS (p < 0.05). Splenic IL-6 mRNA abundance was the greatest post-LPS in C− chicks fed 40 mg lutein vs. C+ chicks fed 40 mg lutein (p < 0.05). Hepatic IL-6, iNOS and TGFβ and splenic iNOS and TGFβ were not …

Solving The Low Dimensional Smoluchowski Equation With A Singular Value Basis Set, Gregory E. Scott, Martin Gruebele

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Reaction kinetics on free energy surfaces with small activation barriers can be computed directly with the Smoluchowski equation. The procedure is computationally expensive even in a few dimensions. We present a propagation method that considerably reduces computational time for a particular class of problems: when the free energy surface suddenly switches by a small amount, and the probability distribution relaxes to a new equilibrium value. This case describes relaxation experiments. To achieve efficient solution, we expand the density matrix in a basis set obtained by singular value decomposition of equilibrium density matrices. Grid size during propagation is reduced from (100–1000) …

Comparisons Of Fish Species Inside And Outside Of Marine Protected Areas Off The South Central Coast Of California, David E. Rasmussen

Master's Theses

COMPARISONS OF FISH SPECIES INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF MARINE PROTECTED AREAS OFF THE SOUTH CENTRAL COAST OF CALIFORNIA

David E. Rasmussen

From 2004-2008 and 2008-2009 Cal Poly University researchers conducted two separate tag and recapture studies of nearshore fish populations along California’s central coast. Three locations were sampled that have experienced different degrees of fishing pressure. Big Creek MPA has been closed to all fishing from 1993 onwards and is the farthest from port of all locations. Cambria lies closest to port of the three locations and because of this has the highest fishing pressure. Piedras Blancas lies midway between …

Evaluation Of School Wellness Policies In South San Luis Obispo County (Final Report), Ann Yelmokas Mcdermott, David W. Hey, Laurie Pugh, Rosanna Taylor, Arlene Grant-Holcomb, Stephanie F. Teaford

Kinesiology and Public Health

A two year grant (October 2008-2010) was awarded to the San Luis Obispo County Public Health Department (SLO-PHD) so that outside agencies could engage in school wellness policy (SWP) advocacy and community activities to aid in combating the growing epidemic of obesity among the county’s high risk populations. Under SLO-PHD oversight, Healthy Eating Active Living (HEAL-SLO) proposed school district outcomes, objectives, and indicators. (Attachment A provides the SWP rationale while Attachment B contains the HEAL-SLO/TCE purpose and goals.) In March 2009, a research team from the newly formed STRIDE at California Polytechnic State University was contracted to review and evaluate …

The Role Of Oxidative Stress In Setting Thermal Tolerance Limits In Mytilus, Lars Tomanek

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

Nonylphenol In Marine Organisms In North American Estuaries: Trophic Chain Accumulation And Proteomic Responses, Lars Tomanek, J. M. Diehl, S. E. Johnson, K. Xia, S. J. Teh

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

Delivering Health And Wellness, Phillip S. Tong

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Changing Attentional Focus Reminder Rates On Learning To Throw Darts, Arya Alami

Master's Theses

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of an external focus of attention on the learning of dart throwing at three different focus reminder frequencies (every two, every four and every ten trials). Twenty-four male and female subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Subjects threw darts at a circular target 60 times over two days while getting a reminder of their intended external focus at the three different reminder frequencies. Five-day delayed retention and transfer tests were conducted to assess learning, each consisting of five trials. The target was comprised of five concentric circles, …

Dietary Protein Intake, Body Composition And Self-Reported Physical Functioning In U.S. Adults, Kerri Beth Parker

Master's Theses

Sarcopenia is a growing health problem in this country as more Americans are living well into old age. It has been thought that a higher protein intake may be related to greater lean muscle mass as well as greater muscular strength and physical functioning. The purpose of this research was to examine protein intake and its relationship to lean body mass and physical functioning in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.

This research used cross-sectional data from the NHANES 2003-2004 to examine the relationship between protein intake, as an average from two 24h recalls, and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) …

Novel Polymer Coupling Chemistry Based Upon Latent Cysteine-Like Residues And Thiazolidine Chemistry, Jospeh S. Carlson, Megan R. Hill, Taiga Young, Philip Costanzo

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Chain end functional polymers were prepared via reversible addition–fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization techniques that were further chain extended with acrylonitrile. Under reducing conditions, latent cysteine-like residues were exposed at the chain ends. A variety of reduction conditions were explored and base polymers were then tethered together via thiazolidine chemistry.

Preventative Fungicide Applications For Control Of Dollar Spot And Brown Patch On Creeping Bentgrass In Kansas, 2009, M Kennelly, C Thompson

Horticulture and Crop Science

No abstract provided.

Preventative Fungicide Applications For Control Of Dollar Spot And Brown Patch On Creeping Bentgrass In Kansas, 2009, M Kennelly, C Thompson

Horticulture and Crop Science

No abstract provided.

Notonecta Exhibit Threat-Sensitive, Predator-Induced Dispersal, Shannon J. Mccauley, Locke Rowe

Biological Sciences

Dispersal is a central process determining community structure in heterogeneous landscapes, and species interactions within habitats may be a major determinant of dispersal. Although the effects of species interactions on dispersal within habitats have been well studied, how species interactions affect the movement of individuals between habitats in a landscape has received less attention. We conducted two experiments to assess the extent to which predation risk affects dispersal from an aquatic habitat by a flight-capable semi-aquatic insect (Notonecta undulata). Exposure to non-lethal (caged) fish fed conspecifics increased dispersal rates in N. undulata. Moreover, dispersal rate was positively correlated with the …

Pismo Beach Fecal Contamination Source Identification Study: Final Report, Christopher L. Kitts, Michael W. Black, Mark M. Moline, Marie Yeung, Alice K. Hamrick, Ian C. Robbins, Andrew A. Schaffner, Nathania I. Boutet

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

Sierra Nevada Red Fox (Vulpes Vulpes Necator): A Conservation Assessment, John D. Perrine, Lori A. Campbell, Gregory A. Green

Biological Sciences

One goal of the Sierra Nevada Forest Plan Amendment (SNFPA) 2001 and 2004 Records of Decision was to protect and recover native Sierra Nevada red fox (Vulpes vulpes necator) populations in the Sierra Nevada (USDA Forest Service 2001 p. 14). To accomplish this goal, the ROD commits the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service to completing a conservation assessment for the Sierra Nevada red fox in cooperation with other federal, state, and local agencies, as well as Tribal governments. This conservation assessment synthesizes the best available scientific information and thought concerning habitat relationships, population status and trends, historical and …

Turning Crocodilian Hearts Into Bird Hearts: Growth Rates Are Similar For Alligators With And Without Right-To-Left Cardiac Shunt, John Eme, June Gwalthney, Tomasz Owerkowicz, Jason M. Blank, James W. Hicks

Biological Sciences

The functional and possible adaptive significance of non-avian reptiles’ dual aortic arch system and the ability of all non-avian reptiles to perform central vascular cardiac shunts have been of great interest to comparative physiologists. The unique cardiac anatomy of crocodilians – a four-chambered heart with the dual aortic arch system – allows for only right-to-left (R–L; pulmonary bypass) cardiac shunt and for surgical elimination of this shunt. Surgical removal of the R–L shunt, by occluding the left aorta (LAo) upstream and downstream of the foramen of Panizza, results in a crocodilian with an obligatory, avian/mammalian central circulation. In this study, …

The Impact Of Antioxidant Addition On Flavor Of Cheddar And Mozzarella Whey And Cheddar Whey Protein Concentrate, I. W. Liaw, H. Eshpari, P. S. Tong, M. A. Drake

Dairy Science

Lipid oxidation products are primary contributors to whey ingredient off-flavors. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of antioxidant addition in prevention of flavor deterioration of fluid whey and spray-dried whey protein. Cheddar and Mozzarella cheeses were manufactured in triplicate. Fresh whey was collected, pasteurized, and defatted by centrifugal separation. Subsequently, 0.05% (w/w) ascorbic acid or 0.5% (w/w) whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) were added to the pasteurized whey. A control with no antioxidant addition was also evaluated. Wheys were stored at 3 °C and evaluated after 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 d. In a subsequent experiment, …

Effects Of Wildland Urban Interface Fuel Treatments On Fire Behavior And Ecosystem Services In The Klamath Mountains Of California, Jonathan A. Large

Master's Theses

Greater numbers of people are moving into wildland-urban interface (WUI) areas, increasing the number of people at risk to large wildfires. To mitigate the hazard, emphasis is often placed on fuel treatments used to reduce fuel loads and subsequent fire behavior. This approach overlooks the additional benefits provided by vegetation, including carbon storage and sequestration along with air pollutant removal. This study aimed to calculate and compare differences in representative values by examining a study site in the Klamath Mountains of Northern California. Fire behavior simulations were done under various weather scenarios to illustrate both the impact of weather on …

Effect Of Feeding Zilpaterol Hydrochloride For 20 Days To Calf-Fed Holstein Steers With A 3 Or 10 Day Withdrawal Period Antemortem On Carcass Characteristics And Tenderness, Andrew D. Hosford

Master's Theses

The effect of feeding Zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) with a 3 or 10 d withdrawal (WD) period to calf-fed Holstein steers (N=2993) on carcass characteristics and tenderness were evaluated in a feed lot experiment. Cattle were fed 0 or 8.3 mg/kg of ZH for the final 20 d of the feeding period, each treatment level was assigned a WD period of either 3 or 10 d. Treatment groups consisted of Control 3 d WD (C3) and 10 d WD (C10), and ZH fed 3 day WD (Z3) and 10 d WD (Z10). Cattle were slaughtered at a commercial facility, carcasses chilled …

Barnacle Settlement And The Adhesion Of Protein And Diatom Microfouling To Xerogel Films With Varying Surface Energy And Water Wettability, John A. Finlay, Stephanie M. Bennett, Lenora H. Brewer, Anastasiya Sokolova, Gemma Clay, Nikhil Gunari, Anne E. Meyer, Gilbert C. Walker, Dean E. Wendt, Maureen E. Callow, James A. Callow, Michael R. Detty

Biological Sciences

Previous work has shown that organosilica-based xerogels have the potential to control biofouling. In this study, modifications of chemistry were investigated with respect to their resistance to marine slimes and to settlement of barnacle cyprids. Adhesion force measurements of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips to xerogel surfaces prepared from aminopropylsilyl-, fluorocarbonsilyl-, and hydrocarbonsilyl-containing precursors, indicated that adhesion was significantly less on the xerogel surfaces in comparison to a poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomer (PDMSE) standard. The strength of adhesion of BSA on the xerogels was highest on surfaces with the highest and the lowest critical surface tensions, gamma(C) and …

Effects On Lactation Performance When Slick Hair Gene Is Simulated In Dairy Cattle In The Tropics, R. M. Mejía, J. A. Ortuño, G. J. Lascano, M. Vélez

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Digestibility Of Fresh Sugarcane-Based Diets With Slow-Release Non Protein Nitrogen Addition For Limit-Fed Dairy Heifers In The Tropics, G. J. Lascano, M. Velez, J. M. Tricarico, A. J. Heinrichs

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Dietary Starch Level And Dose Response Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae For Limit Fed-Dairy Heifers, G. J. Lascano, J. M. Tricarico, A. J. Heinrichs

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Nutrient Utilization Of Different Levels Of Dietary Fiber In Dairy Heifers Limit-Fed High And Low Concentrate Diets, G. J. Lascano, A. J. Heinrichs

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Grand Challenges In Comparative Physiology: Integration Across Disciplines And Across Levels Of Biological Organization, Donald L. Mykles, Cameron K. Galambor, Jonathon H. Stillman, Lars Tomanek

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Testosterone And Captivity On Medial And Dorsal Cortex Volumes And Neurogenesis In Adult Male Western Fence Lizards, Sceloporus Occidentalis, D. R. Pfau, S. Y. Potter, D. F. Denardo, E. N. Taylor, C. R. Strand

Biological Sciences

In lizards, the medial cortex and dorsal cortex are thought to be homologous to the hippocampus in birds and mammals, in that these regions are functionally involved with spatial memory and learning. In birds and mammals, neurogenesis continues into adulthood in these regions and is associated with ability of spatial memory tasks. Little is known about whether adult neurogenesis contributes to memory formation or spatial memory in lizards. In some lizards, territory size is correlated with testosterone (T) levels. If T affects these brain regions to help with spatial navigation, manipulating T levels may influence the medial or dorsal cortex …

Proteomic Analysis Of The Purple Sea Urchin, Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus, In Response To Acute Heat Stress, M. W. Webb, M. Devian, L. Tomanek

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.