Life Sciences Commons^™

Vector Preference Among Varieties Of Lycopersicon Peruvianum And L. Esculentum As Related To Curly Top Virus Resistance, Stanford A. Young

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Tests substantiating vector nonpreference as a factor in the ability of certain tomato varieties to escape curly top virus (CTV) infection were conducted and evaluated. Nonpreference is not an effective mode of resistance to CTV in tomatoes under field conditions since leafhoppers feed on and may infect plants before expressing a preference.

Preference of viruliferous leafhoppers was observed on plants of seven tomato varieties arranged both randomly and homogeneously in caged flats. Through observation of curly top symptom development, relative resistance due to vector nonpreference was calculated for each variety.

Up to 23 per cent of the fairly high resistance …

Bacteriophage Φ6: A Lipid-Containing Virus Of Pseudomonas Phaseolicola, Anne K. Vidaver, R. K. Koski, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The purification and properties of a lipid-containing bacteriophage, φ 6, are described. The phage contains a lipid envelope which is probably essential for infection. Infectivity of φ 6 was lost in the presence of organic solvents, sodium deoxycholate, and phospholipase A. The fatty acid composition of the phage lipid was similar to that of the Pseudomonas phaseolicola host cells. The phage was composed of about 25% lipid, 13% RNA, and 62% protein. The buoyant density of φ6 was 1.27 g/ml in cesium chloride. The morphology of φ6 was unusual; it had a polyhedral head of about 60 nm surrounded by …

Spray-Graze : The Answer To Weeds In Pastures, Geoffrey A. Pearce

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

W.A. Department of Agriculture research leads to a new technique for weed control in pastures.

The trials which led to the development of the spray-graze technique of weed control started in Western Australia in 1966.

Since 1969, spray-graze has been tried in other States of Australia and is now recognised as the most practical method of controlling many pasture weeds.

Learning To Live With Clover Scorch, A Bokor, D. L. Chatel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Recent research has increased our understanding of clover scorch disease in Western Australia.

An economic control has yet to be developed but it appears that management can be adjusted to reduce damage to pastures and there is scope for using resistant species and less susceptible cultivars to escape the disease.

A major research programme is in progress.

The Role Of Nematodes In A South Dakota Grassland Ecosystem, James D. Smolik

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In an attempt to elucidate the role of nematodes in a grassland ecosystem nematode taxa, number and biomass data was gathered over a three year period at the Cottonwood International Biological Program Grassland Biome site in western South Dakota. The effects of grazing intensity, sampling date and sampling depth were studied. Nematicide treatment of range grasses in field and greenhouse studies was also used to evaluate the role of nematodes. Biomass data was used to estimate the intake of plant feeding nematodes. Results obtained demonstrate that soil inhabiting nematodes constitute a significant proportion of the consumer biomass at the Cotton[1]wood …

Potassium For Pastures, Walter Jacob Cox

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IVIany pastures in the south-west of Western Australia are deficient in potassium or need regular dressings for maximum growth. This article indicates areas and situations in which potassium might be needed, shows how deficiency is diagnosed and gives recommended rates of application.

The Art And Science Of Plant Breeding, John Sylvester Gladstones

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Whether he has known it or not, man has influenced the evolution of plants throughout his whole existence. In the pre-agricultural state he collected fruits and seeds from plants chosen for their useful or desirable qualities, and dispersed them wherever he went. With the neolithic revolution and the development of agriculture, some of these plants were taken into cultivation.

Consciously or unconsciously he selected types with higher yield, which germinated readily when planted, and whose seeds stayed in the head at maturity rather than being shed as in the wild grasses and legumes. Over thousands of years this "guided evolution" …

Protein Synthesis During Fungal Spore Germination: Differential Protein Synthesis During Germination Of Botryodiplodia Theobromae Spores, James L. Van Etten, Henry Roker, Eric Davies

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

The preformed messenger ribonucleic acid in Botryodiplodia theobromae spores directs the synthesis of several relatively stable polypeptides.

Results Of The Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery, J. E. Stroike, V. A. Johnson, J. W. Schmidt, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery was grown in 1970 at 38 sites in 23 countries. Four of the sites were in the southern hemisphere. Data were reported from 36 sites. The same 30 varieties evaluated in the First International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery were grown in this Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery. Twenty-eight varieties were winter wheats; two were spring wheats. Data on grain yield, test weight, maturity, plant height, lodging, shattering, winter survival, diseases, grain protein content and lysine content for 1970 are reported. Two-year mean data summaries also are reported.

The Action Of Antibiotics And Antimetabolites On The Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection Process In Bean Leaves, Virendra Nayyar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The action of 28 antibiotics and antimetabolites at varying concentrations was studied in coincidence with the bioassay of tobacco mosaic virus on detached bean leaves by using an ultrasonic method of inoculation developed by Lamborn, Cochran and Chidester.¹ All tested chemicals were classified, in regard to the virus infection process, as inhibitory or stimulatory and their optimal concentrations in the inoculum were determined. Of the 28 antibiotics and antimetabolites studied, eight were found to stimulate while twenty inhibited TMV infection in bean leaves. From the results of these experiments, an attempt was made to characterize the nature of the …

Date Of Planting Studies Of Winter Wheat And Winter Barley In Relation To Root And Crown Rot Grain Yields And Quality, C. R. Fenster, M. G. Boosalis, J. L. Weihing

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This study was undertaken to determine the nature of root and crown rot of wheat and to ascertain the proper time to plant winter wheat so as to conserve moisture, minimize root and crown rot and thereby maximize yield. Studies conducted for 15 years at several locations in western Nebraska reveal that planting date is a significant factor for higher yields, particularly in certain years.

Smooth-Stemmed Turnip, B J. Quinlivan, A. C. Devitt

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Cruciferous weeds are common throughout the agricultural areas of Western Australia. They include wild turnip, wild mustard, wild radish, charlock and raphistrum weed or short fruited turnip.

Another one—tentatively named smooth-stemmed turnip—has recently been sighted. Its exact weed potential will not be known for some years, but it is likely to spread through the south coastal districts where the climate and sandy surfaced soils favour its growth.

Pit And Scald Of Granny Smiths, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Trials investigating storage and shipping disorders of fruit, mainly apples and pears, are conducted annually in cool rooms made available to the Department by the W.A. Meat Export Works.

Diseases Of Rape, A Bokor

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A few serious outbreaks of disease occurred in rape crops in Western Australia in 1971 but future crop losses will be much greater where routine disease prevention is not practised.

Control measures for all these diseases are based on efficient destruction of crop residues by grazing and burning and by rotations which allow time for decay of below ground residues.

Soil And Plant Analysis For Mineral Deficiencies, M D. Carroll

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Soil and plant analysis (testing) has its supporters and its critics. Some of the differences are resolved if the distinction is made between the concept and the practice. Most people would agree with the concept of soil and plant analysis but the practice, or service offered, in any agricultural situation can be subject to valid criticism.

This article defines some of the principles involved and illustrates some of the problems, to provide a better understanding of the usefulness and the limitations of soil and plant analysis as a diagnostic aid in plant and animal nutrition.

Wimmera Ryegrass Toxicity, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Wimmera ryegrass toxicity has been reported for many years to affect sheep and occasionally cattle in New Zealand, South Australia and the United States of America.

In Western Australia, occasional reports since 1959 and severe outbreaks of staggers in the Katanning- Gnowangerup areas over the last two years prompted the investigation reported below.

Tolerance Studies To Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus In Winter And Spring Wheats, Fazal Rahman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Thirty-five winter and fourteen spring wheat varieties were evaluated for their reaction to wheat streak mosaic virus during 1969-1970 and 1970-1971. Plants were mechanically inoculated and the effects of virus were measured, relative to the control plots, in regards to seed yield, protein percentage, plant height, test weight, 1000-seed weight, number of tillers per plant, number of heads per tiller, number of seeds per head, and number of plants in the 2-foot subplot. Varieties were compared visually for their susceptibility to the virus in terms of percentage infection and severity of symptoms. Seed yield, plant height, test weight, 1000-seed weight, …

Bulletin No 3861 - Kimberley Research Station - Progress Report 1972, J. R. Mcalpine, R. H. Gunn, P. Jakobsen, R. Wetselaar, J. J. Basinski, N. J. Thomson, A. G. L. Wilson, D. H. Mackenzie, A. J. Millington, D. F. Beech, P. C. Owen, B. G. Williams, C. G. Blunt, A. Mcr Holm

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

The systematic investigations of the potential of the Ord area for irrigated farming began during the Second World War when the possibilities of damming the river were first examined, initial soil survey was carried out, and agricultural experiments started. The Kimberley Research Station was established on its present site in 1945. A year later the State and Commonwealth Governments agreed to finance and operate the Station jointly, with CSIRO and the Western Australian Department of Agriculture being responsible for research.

The construction of the main dam designed to store 5,675 million m" ( 4.6 million acre feet) was completed in …

Glume Blotch Of Wheat, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Glume blotch on wheat crops is seen frequently in some areas of Western Australia and was particularly severe in the West Midlands in 1971.

The disease is caused by the fungus Septoria nodorum which infects the leaves, stems and heads of the wheat plant.

Symptoms Of Nutrient Deficiencies In Rape, M G. Mason, J. W. Gertrell

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Rape is a relatively new crop in Western Australia and this investigation was undertaken to produce visual symptoms of nutrient deficiencies so that they could be recorded and used for diagnosing deficiencies in the field. The appearance of mineral deficiency symptoms can vary considerably with growing conditions, so that symptoms produced in a glasshouse are only a guide to the probable symptoms in the field.

Results Of The First International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery, J. E. Stroike, V. A. Johnson, J. W. Schmidt, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery was organized by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. There has been informal cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico, D. F. Specific objectives of the nursery are to: (1) Test the adaptation of winter wheat varieties under a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management and disease complexes (2) Identify superior winter varieties to serve as recipient genotypes for …

The Effect Of Antibiotics On Thermophilic Blue-Green Algae, Erleen Blanche Christenson

Dissertations and Theses

The nature of the action of penicillin on the cell walls of bacteria is reviewed. The composition of bacterial cell walls is compared to cell walls of blue-green algae.

The test organisms used were thermophilic: Anacystis nidulans grew optimally at 35⁰C, whereas Synechococcus lividus grew best at 45⁰ C. Growth was recorded by reading optical densities.

Cells of these two thermophilic blue-green algae were treated with varying dosages of penicillin and streptomycin. Penicillin inhibited growth of Anacystis nidulans and Synechococcus lividus in concentrations of 3.0 µg/ml and 0.03 µg/ml respectively. However, when 0.3 µg/ml of penicillin was added to Anacystis …

Preparation Of Biologically Active Ribosomal Subunits From Fungal Spores, James L. Van Etten

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Ribosomal subunits were prepared from fungal spore ribosomes and reassociated to yield biologically active ribosomes.

Investigations Of Unusual Curly Top Symptoms In Grafted Tomato Plants And Early Leafhopper Feeding Effects Upon Tomato Seedlings, Donald Eldon Gardner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To determine possible unusual effects of resistant plants upon symptom expression of curly top disease in susceptible tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), tops of susceptible plants were grafted to lower stems and roots of resistant plants and inoculated. The resistant plants used were wild relatives of L. esculentum: L. peruvianum var. dentatum Dun. and L. peruvianum var. humifusum C. H. Mul. Reciprocal grafts, in which tops of dentatum plants were grafted to lower stems and roots of L. esculentum, were also made and inoculated.

External symptoms in the grafted plant tops were observed and compared with those of nongrafted, …

Bulletin No 3768 - Submitting Plants For Disease Identification, M D. Marcley

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

THERE are several important points to remember when submitting plant material for disease identification by the Department of Agriculture's Plant Pathology Branch.

Firstly it is very important to collect a suitable sample because it is very difficult to determine the cause of a plant disease by looking at a completely dead plant. The sample should include the entire plant (before it is completely dead) including roots and soil. Then all the effects of the disease can be seen. For example leaf yellowing, dead areas of the stem, collar rot, root rot, eelworm damage, and disease of the water and food …

A New Look At Sweet Lupins In Western Australia, C M. Francis, M. L. Poole, M. H. Chopping

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

BECAUSE they have a seed protein content of 30 to 45 per cent., sweet lupins are playing a growing role in animal feeding, particularly in the poultry industry. Their value as a protein supplement should ensure a continued local market as at current prices they are highly competitive with soya beans in cost per unit of protein.

Field Peas : A Crop For The Cereal Growing Areas?, M L. Poole, H. M. Fisher

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

No abstract provided.

Rapeseed. 1. Establishing A Healthy Crop, M L. Poole, M. G. Mason

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

No abstract provided.

Brown Collar Rot Of Citrus, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Infection of fruit and foliage by brown rot fungi (Phytophthora spp.) occurs after opening rains in autumn. It can continue during periods of wet weather until spring.

Powdery Mildew Of Apples, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) markedly affects the growth and vigour of susceptible apple varieties, particularly Jonathan and Cleopatra.

The fungus survives the winter as mycelial threads in dormant buds on spurs and laterals infected the previous season. At bud-burst the mycelium grows onto the developing leaves and blossom clusters to form white patches.

Spores produced on these patches are spread by the wind onto the healthy growth.