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Animal Sciences

Kansas State University Libraries

1986

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Articles 31 - 60 of 91

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Availability Of Calcium In Dairy And Other Human Foods (1986), I.J. Jeon Jan 1986

Availability Of Calcium In Dairy And Other Human Foods (1986), I.J. Jeon

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In 1985 the annual sales of dairy products on the average grew 3.3%, and is expected to grow 6.4% in 1986, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce. This positive growth was attributed in part to increased consumer awareness on the reported role of calcium in combating hypertension (high blood pressure) and osteoporosis (a brittle bone disease common in older women). A recent report suggested that many consumers are seeing the publicity that many cases of hypertension may be the result of too little calcium intake, not too much sodium. Consumers are also well aware that a calcium-deficient diet can …

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Review Of Production Responses From Cows Fed Calcium Salt Of Isobutyric And Mixed 5-Carbon Volatile Fatty Acids (1986), James R. Dunham Jan 1986

Review Of Production Responses From Cows Fed Calcium Salt Of Isobutyric And Mixed 5-Carbon Volatile Fatty Acids (1986), James R. Dunham

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Recent developments in dairy cattle nutrition have resulted in the marketing of a calcium salt of isobutyric and mixed 5-carbon volatile fatty acids (IsoPlus®). The FDA approved product has been neutralized with calcium to form a dry salt of the acids, which are found naturally in the rumen. The following review of research results is intended as a guide for feeding IsoPlus®).; Dairy Day, 1986, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1986;

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Field Applications Of Exogenous Hormones- Gonadotropin And Prostaglandin (1986), Edward P. Call Jan 1986

Field Applications Of Exogenous Hormones- Gonadotropin And Prostaglandin (1986), Edward P. Call

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

prostaglandin F2α(PGF) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) have provided new dimensions in resolving certain reproductive maladies. Effective when used properly, these hormones have the advantage of mimicking the physiological activity of natural hormones without the negative, overriding effects of synthetic products. Effective use of the hormones requires accurate diagnoses. Moreover, side effects are nil except when PGF is mistakenly administered to pregnant animals. The effect of PGF in humans must be recognized. Current research under way gives promise that GnRH may have beneficial effects in the early postpartum cow suffering from problems around the time of calving.; Dairy Day, 1986, Kansas …

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Flushing Affects Secretion Of The Hormones Controlling Reproduction (1986), M T. Rhodes, J Ernest Minton, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Duane L. Davis Jan 1986

Flushing Affects Secretion Of The Hormones Controlling Reproduction (1986), M T. Rhodes, J Ernest Minton, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nineteen gilts were assigned to receive either 0 or 15 mg altrenogest/day for 14 consecutive days. On the day corresponding to the last altrenogest treatment, gilts not fed altrenogest were injected twice (morning and evening) with prostaglandin F2 a to ensure regression of their corpora lutea. From the ninth day of altrenogest treatment until estrus, one-half of each altrenogest group was offered an additional 3.4 lb of ground sorghum grain (flush). Serial blood samples were collected for a 4-h period each day from day 1 through day 4 (last altrenogest or prostaglandin F a treatment was day 0) and analyzed …

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Additive-Treated Corn Silage For Growing Cattle, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, D. Axe Jan 1986

Additive-Treated Corn Silage For Growing Cattle, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, D. Axe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The response of corn silage to the additive, Silo-Best Soluble®, was not consistent for the farm silo criteria measured. Ensiling temperatures and chemical compositions were similar for control and treated silages, except for ethanol, which was lower in the treated silage. Dry matter recovery favored the treated silage in both the top and bottom halves of the silos and in buried bags. Although daily gains were similar for calves fed control and treated silages, feed conversion was slightly better for those fed control silage.

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Effect Of Moisture And Bale Type On Alfalfa Hay Quality And Digestibility, A. Laytimi, C. Grimes, K. Bolsen Jan 1986

Effect Of Moisture And Bale Type On Alfalfa Hay Quality And Digestibility, A. Laytimi, C. Grimes, K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Third cutting alfalfa was baled in large rectangular bales (1,400 to 1,800 lb) and in small conventional bales (70 to 90 lb) at three moisture levels: low 00%), medium (16%), and high (22%). During 120 days of storage under a roof, the high moisture, large bales heated the most, reaching 1280 F by 2 days post-baling in a first peak and 133 ÌŠF in a second peak by the 11th day. Moderate heating occurred in the high moisture, small bales (l08° F) and medium moisture, large bales (103 ÌŠF). Only the high moisture bales, either small or large, had significant …

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The Effects Of Particle Size And Dried Whey Level In Barley Diets For Starter-Pigs (1986), Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines Jan 1986

The Effects Of Particle Size And Dried Whey Level In Barley Diets For Starter-Pigs (1986), Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three hundred and thirty-six weanling pigs were utilized in two, 3 X 2 factorial design experiments to determine the effects of whey level (0, 10 or 20%) and particle size (1/8 or 3/16-in screen size) in barley diets on starter-pig performance. Grinding barley through a 1/8-in screen decreased the mean particle size of the diet compared to diets made up of barley ground through a 3/16-in screen. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) increased linearly (P<.01) as whey level increased. Pigs fed diets containing 1/8-in ground barley were more efficient (P<.02) than those fed diets containing 3/16-in ground barley. However, pigs fed a 20% dried whey-milo-soybean meal control diet grew faster (P<.05) than those fed any of the barley starter diets. In these experiments, the relative feeding value of 20% dried whey-barley starter diet was 94-97% that of the 20'% dried whey-milo diet. Also, these results indicate that increasing levels of dried whey improves ADG and ADFI of pigs fed barley-based starter diets, and decreasing particle size of the diet improves feed efficiency.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 20, 1986

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Confinement And Type Of Penning Affects The Interval To Estrus And Synchrony Of Estrus In Gilts After Altrenogest (1986), Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1986

Confinement And Type Of Penning Affects The Interval To Estrus And Synchrony Of Estrus In Gilts After Altrenogest (1986), Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We compared the effects of outside vs inside and individual vs group penning on the interval to estrus after synchronization of estrus with altrenogest. Altrenogest (15 mg/day) was fed for 14 days and penning treatments were initiated after the last altrenogest treatment. All groups were exposed to a boar (2 hr/day) for 3 days, beginning the day after last altrenogest, and then twice daily estrous detection was initiated. Outside penning shortened the interval to estrus after altrenogest. Synchrony of estrus was not affected by treatment but there was a tendency for gilts penned outside to exhibit estrus more synchronously.; Swine …

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Using Ai Calving-Ease Bulls On Replacement Heifers (1986), K.A. Heikes Jan 1986

Using Ai Calving-Ease Bulls On Replacement Heifers (1986), K.A. Heikes

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

For maximal genetic progress in a dairy, proven AI sires should be selected to use on replacement heifers. To minimize problems at calving, these sires should be selected from bulls that are breed average or better for calving ease.; Dairy Day, 1986, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1986;

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Effect Of Buffers And Supplemental Potassium In Diets Of Early-Weaned Calves (1986), K.J. Jordan, J.L. Morrill, P.G. Reddy, James J. Higgins Jan 1986

Effect Of Buffers And Supplemental Potassium In Diets Of Early-Weaned Calves (1986), K.J. Jordan, J.L. Morrill, P.G. Reddy, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Potassium chloride added to the prestarter and/or potassium bicarbonate added to the starter fed to early weaned calves helped maintain normal blood alkalinity and normal levels of blood gases, and resulted in a trend toward increased feed consumption. Potassium bicarbonate added to the starter tended to improve weight gains.; Dairy Day, 1986, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1986;

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Methods Of Tenderization For Value-Added, Hot-Boned, Restructured, Pre-Cooked Roasts From Cows, H.A. Flores, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1986

Methods Of Tenderization For Value-Added, Hot-Boned, Restructured, Pre-Cooked Roasts From Cows, H.A. Flores, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Restructured, pre-cooked roasts were prepared from four hot-boned USDA Utility grade cow carcasses. Before forming the roasts, meat was either blade tenderized, manually trimmed of large connective tissue deposits, or both blade tenderized and trimmed. Control roasts received neither treatment. Although trimming minimized the negative effects of connective tissue, blade tenderization was frequently as effective, and sometimes superior, and minimized the high labor costs and shrink losses associated with manual trimming.

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Heterosis In Simmental Angus Rotational-Cross Calves, L.A. Kriese, R.R. Schalles, Lyle W. Lomas Jan 1986

Heterosis In Simmental Angus Rotational-Cross Calves, L.A. Kriese, R.R. Schalles, Lyle W. Lomas

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heterosis estimates were determined for gestation length, birth weight, and yearling weight using a two-breed rotational crossbreeding system with Angus and Simmental cattle. Heterosis for gestation length was -.3%; birth weight, 8.31%; weaning weight 5.05%, and yearling weight, 5.39%. Angus-sired calves from Simmental darns were significantly heavier at weaning and as yearlings than the reciprocal cross.

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Kansas Bull Test 15-Year Summary, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, W. Olson Jan 1986

Kansas Bull Test 15-Year Summary, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, W. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bulls placed in Kansas Bull Tests have increased in weight, gain, frame, and scrotal circumference, while decreasing in fat thickness over the past 15 years. Bull buyers have been willing to pay for increased performance, with changes in bull prices generally reflecting changes in the other cattle prices.

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Reproductive Performance Of Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Heifers Fed To Prebeeding Target Weights, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus Jan 1986

Reproductive Performance Of Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Heifers Fed To Prebeeding Target Weights, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heifer development as effected by nutrition was evaluated in 148 F Angus x Hereford (A x H) and 148 F Brahman x Hereford (B x H) heifers. Heifers within each breed cross were assigned to one of two energy levels and weight groups. Heifers on the low and high energy-level diets were fed to reach 55 or 65%, respectively, of their projected mature body weights by the start of spring breeding. A higher (P<.05) percentage of A x H heifers had reached puberty by the start of spring breeding; however, their average age at puberty was greater (P<.05) than that of B x H heifers. Weight at puberty, for heifers that cycled prior to the start of spring breeding, did not differ between breed groups. Weight of heifers at puberty was greater with the high-energy than with the low-energy diets. Prebreeding body condition scores of heifers on the two energy levels differed (P<.05) more among the A x H females. The A x H heifers had higher (P<.05) fall pregnancy rates than the B x H heifers (89.2 vs 71.9%). Energy level has no significant effect on fall pregnancy rate of A x H heifers, but B x H heifers on the high-energy level had a higher (P<.05) pregnancy rate than those on the low-energy diet.

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Aborting Feedlot Heifers With Alfavet® Or Bovilene®, S. Laudert, G. Boyd, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1986

Aborting Feedlot Heifers With Alfavet® Or Bovilene®, S. Laudert, G. Boyd, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Alfavet® (alfaprostol), an experimental prostaglandin analog for inducing abortion in feedlot heifers, was evaluated for efficacy. Abortion was induced within 8 days following injection of 5 mg alfaprostol in 45 of 51 heifers (88.2%) ranging from 40 to 150 days in gestation. Bovilene® (fenprostalene), injected at 1 mg per head resulted in abortion in 45 of 49 heifers (91.8%) of similar pregnancy status. Both products were 95-100% effective from 40 to 120 days of pregnancy, but only 75% effective from 121 to 150 days.

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Weight Changes And Estrous Cycles After Abortion In Beef Heifers, J.M. Wright, G.H. Kiracofe Jan 1986

Weight Changes And Estrous Cycles After Abortion In Beef Heifers, J.M. Wright, G.H. Kiracofe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-one pregnant, crossbred Angus heifers aborted after receiving an injection of a prostaglandin analog at an average of 50, 75, 100, or 122 days of gestation. Weight change in the first 3 weeks after abortion and subsequent estrous cycles were observed. No detrimental effects were noted in those heifers aborting at 50 or 75 days of gestation, and growth rate was not altered. Those heifers aborting at 100 days of gestation exhibited a decreased growth rate; those aborted at 122 days lost weight. There was more udder development, vaginal discharge, and retained membranes in heifers aborted later in gestation. Typically, …

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Cow Size And Milk Level: Results Of A Simulation Program, R.R. Schalles, R.M. Bourdon Jan 1986

Cow Size And Milk Level: Results Of A Simulation Program, R.R. Schalles, R.M. Bourdon

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A simulation program was used to evaluate nine genotypes of cattle based on, cow size and milk production. Return per cow unit using current economics is given. The larger, heavy milking cows were more than twice as profitable on a ranch basis than the small, low milking cows.

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Effects Of Mga And Pgf On Estrus Induction And Synchronization In Cows And Heifers, G.W. Boyd, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour Jan 1986

Effects Of Mga And Pgf On Estrus Induction And Synchronization In Cows And Heifers, G.W. Boyd, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three trials were conducted in the spring of 1985 to evaluate the effectiveness of MGA feeding and Prostaglandin (PGF) injection on estrus induction and synchronization. Trials 1 and 2 were both done on a Kansas ranch and involved 70 heifers and 86 cows, respectively. In both trials, all cycling and non-cycling females were fed MGA (7 days in trial 1, 9 days in trial 2) and half of the cows and heifers received a PGF injection. The estrus response was higher (P<.0l) for the cycling heifers with the combination treatment. Both treatments resulted in similar first service conception rates and both were effective in inducing estrus in noncycling heifers. Only a small percentage of the cows in trial 2 were cycling prior to the treatments and only a small percentage of the non-cycling cows responded to the MGA. In trial 3, half of the cycling heifers were fed MGA for 7 days and PGF was injected on day 7. Response to synchronization peaked 96 to 120 hr following MGA withdrawal. Among F1 Angus X Hereford heifers, the MGA-PGF treatment reduced (P<.0l) first service conception rates as compared to controls (55 vs 80%), although a reduction was not seen with F Brahman X Hereford heifers. Conversely, 45-day pregnancy rates tended to be higher among both groups of synchronized heifers (P>.05). The MGA treatment also initiated cyclicity in prepuberal females of both crosses.

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The Effect Of Gnrh On Pregnancy Rates In Estrus-Synchronized Beef Heifers, M. Ferguson, L. Corah Jan 1986

The Effect Of Gnrh On Pregnancy Rates In Estrus-Synchronized Beef Heifers, M. Ferguson, L. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Injecting 100 mcg of GnRH into cycling heifers at artificial insemination following estrus synchronization with either prostaglandin or Syncro-Mate-B® did not improve first service conception rate. However, GnRH improved first service conception in Syncro-Mate-B®-treated heifers that did not exhibit estrus prior to breeding and were bred by appointment.

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Effect Of Combinations Of Rumen-Protected Methionine Plus Rumen-Protected Lysine On Performance Of Finishing Steers, G. Goldy, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1986

Effect Of Combinations Of Rumen-Protected Methionine Plus Rumen-Protected Lysine On Performance Of Finishing Steers, G. Goldy, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feed efficiency for finishing steers was significantly improved (7.4%) when rumen-protected methionine and lysine were added to a finishing ration.

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Adding Fat And/Or Sodium Bicarbonate To Steer Finishing Rations That Contain Wheat, J.R. Brethour, B. Lee, Jack G. Riley Jan 1986

Adding Fat And/Or Sodium Bicarbonate To Steer Finishing Rations That Contain Wheat, J.R. Brethour, B. Lee, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Adding .6 pound fat or .22 pound sodium bicarbonate (soda) to finishing rations containing rolled wheat significantly improved performance and appeared to increase the substitution value of wheat. Both fat and soda increased feed intake. The improved gains from adding fat corresponded to increased energy intake. However, soda seemed to enhance nutrient utilization. There was more response to fat when we fed 100 percent vs. 50 percent wheat, but feeding 100 percent wheat depressed performance, with or without fat, to unsatisfactory levels.

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Comparative Nutritional Composition Of Selected Grain Sorghum Varieties, G. Goldy, T. Walters, Andrew William Lenssen, Jack G. Riley, Gerry L. Posler Jan 1986

Comparative Nutritional Composition Of Selected Grain Sorghum Varieties, G. Goldy, T. Walters, Andrew William Lenssen, Jack G. Riley, Gerry L. Posler

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

For the 188 grain sorghum varieties studied, in vitro digestibilites were statistically similar, but there was a significant difference between the 12 production locations. Crude protein, calcium, and phosphorus levels indicated slight varietal differences; however, strong locational effects were evident.

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Effects Of Monensin And Sodium Propionate On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers Fed High-Grain Diets, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery Jan 1986

Effects Of Monensin And Sodium Propionate On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers Fed High-Grain Diets, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Adding either monensin or sodium propionate alone or in combination to the diet of steers fed high-grain diets resulted in increased net absorption of glucose. Monensin reduced ammonia output and gut uptake of urea. We propose that increased propionate availability reduces the utilization of glucose by gut tissues. allowing more glucose to reach the portal system. These changes may contribute to the increased feed efficiency seen when monensin is fed.

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Effect Of Maturity At Harvest On Yield, Composition, And Feeding Value Of Hybrid Forage Sorghum Silages, J. Dickerson, K. Bolsen, S. Hamma, J. Hoover Jan 1986

Effect Of Maturity At Harvest On Yield, Composition, And Feeding Value Of Hybrid Forage Sorghum Silages, J. Dickerson, K. Bolsen, S. Hamma, J. Hoover

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results from three trials showed the diversity among forage sorghum hybrids for both agronomic and nutritive characteristics. Later maturing and nonheading hybrids produced silages with low dry matter (DM) contents, low pH values, high levels of fermentation acids, and low voluntary intakes. Earlier maturing and moderate grain-producing hybrids, but their silages had high DM contents and higher voluntary intakes. Stage of maturity at harvest had surprisingly little influence on silage chemical composition, intake, or digestibility.

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Whole-Plant Grain Sorghum Silages For Growing Cattle, R. Smith, K. Bolsen, J. Hoover Jan 1986

Whole-Plant Grain Sorghum Silages For Growing Cattle, R. Smith, K. Bolsen, J. Hoover

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four trails were conducted to determine the effects of processing (rolling before feeding, with rolls set to break 95% of the kernels) and stage of maturity at harvest on the nutritive value of whole-crop grain sorghum silages for growing cattle. Rolling mid-dough silages did not improve feeding value. However, rolling at later maturity stages increased cattle gains and feed efficiencies, with the more mature, hard-grain silages giving the greatest response. Only starch digestibility was consistently affected (increased) by processing. Silage dry matter (DM) intake tended to increase, but feed efficiencies tended to decrease with advancing maturity. Neither average daily gains …

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Effect Of Sodium Bicarbonate On Gains Of Stocker Cattle Fed Grain On Tall Fescue Pastures, F. Brazle Jan 1986

Effect Of Sodium Bicarbonate On Gains Of Stocker Cattle Fed Grain On Tall Fescue Pastures, F. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Adding sodium bicarbonate to the grain supplement of steers grazing lush, low endophyte, tall fescue pasture had no effect on cattle performance.

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A Comparison Of Selected Breed Crosses On Growth Rate During Long-Term Grazing, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1986

A Comparison Of Selected Breed Crosses On Growth Rate During Long-Term Grazing, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Brahman crossbred and Simmental crossbred calves gained similarly during a 312-day, native range grazing study. Longhorn crossbreds gained less than the Brahman or Simmental crosses but more than the British crossbreds, which served as controls. Most of the gain advantage was obtained during the summer portion (April 30-September 20) of the project.

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Effect Of Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Wheat, Alfalfa, And Sorghum Silages, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, Daniel Y.C. Fung Jan 1986

Effect Of Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Wheat, Alfalfa, And Sorghum Silages, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, Daniel Y.C. Fung

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results from three laboratory silo experiments showed that four commercial silage inoculants increased fermentation rate, particularly during the first 4 days of the ensiling process. The effects of the additives on pH drop and lactic acid production were greater in wheat and alfalfa than in forage sorghum.

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Evaluation Of Rumensin® In Late Season, Salt-Limited, Protein Supplements Fed To Grazing Steers And Heifers, L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle Jan 1986

Evaluation Of Rumensin® In Late Season, Salt-Limited, Protein Supplements Fed To Grazing Steers And Heifers, L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Even though an average daily Rumensin® consumption of over 100 mg per was achieved in all three trials, it did not significantly improve daily gains of steers or heifers grazing late-season native range. Late-season protein supplementation improved average daily gain by over .2 lb per head.

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Evaluation Of An Experimental Silage Inoculant In Laboratory And Farm Silos Using Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, Daniel Y.C. Fung Jan 1986

Evaluation Of An Experimental Silage Inoculant In Laboratory And Farm Silos Using Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, Daniel Y.C. Fung

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experimental microbial inoculant dramatically increased the speed of pH drop and rate and amount of lactic acid production in alfalfa at both 60 and 90 F storage temperatures. In two trials with forage sorghums, the inoculant did not affect the silage fermentation at 60 F but it did produce small improvements in silages at 90 F. In general, sorghum silages at 60 F fermented slower and had high pH values, lower lactic acid, and higher acetic acid contents than silages at 90 F. The response to the additive in a farm silo trial was not consistent for the criteria …

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