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Animal Sciences

Kansas State University Libraries

1986

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Articles 1 - 30 of 91

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Live Animal Ultrasonic Evaluation Of Backfat Thickness And Loin-Eye (1986), L M. Turlington, L R. Corah, Dell M. Allen, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1986

Live Animal Ultrasonic Evaluation Of Backfat Thickness And Loin-Eye (1986), L M. Turlington, L R. Corah, Dell M. Allen, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Determination of backfat thickness and loin-eye area in swine is essential for continued genetic progress, and ultimately, pork product acceptance. Leaner, faster growing boars and gilts must be provided by seedstock suppliers to the commercial swine producer. Research information has consistently shown that lean, fast growing boars are more feed efficient. Since feed represents 60% to 75% of the total cost of production, any genetic improvement in feed efficiency would have a rapid payback to the commercial producer. Obviously, swine producers that utilize "lean value" marketing programs must have backfat and loin-eye area data on replacement boars, in order to …

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Overview: Developing A High Profit Herd (1986), John E. Shirley Jan 1986

Overview: Developing A High Profit Herd (1986), John E. Shirley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The present surplus of dairy products has led to a decrease in farm-level milk receipts. Future reductions in the federal milk price support program, together with a predictable increase in feed grain and protein supplement prices, dictates that only the efficient producers will survive. By exercising known management options in the areas of herd health, reproduction, and nutrition, dairymen can increase production per cow, decrease feed cost, and thereby, increase profitability. Major management efforts need to be directed toward replacement heifer programs, planned matings, estrous detection, care of the periparturient cow, sanitation, and allocation of concentrate among cows according to …

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Effects Of Compudose® Implants From Birth To Slaughter On Carcass And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, T.D. Hopkins, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1986

Effects Of Compudose® Implants From Birth To Slaughter On Carcass And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, T.D. Hopkins, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Implanting young bulls with Compudose® three times from birth to slaughter resulted in performance similar to that of nonimplanted bulls, but decreased masculinity development. Implanted bulls tended to have higher marbling scores, more tender meat, more youthful carcasses, and lighter lean color than nonimplanted bulls. Although both implanted and nonimplanted bulls were more efficient and gained faster in the feedlot than implanted steers, the steers showed very little carcass masculinity and had finer-textured lean. Implanted steers had more youthful carcasses and lower Warner-Bratzler shear values than nonimplanted bulls. However, nonimplanted bulls grew faster, were more efficient, had larger ribeyes and …

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Survey Of Northwest Kansas Cow-Calf Producers, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, L.R. Corah Jan 1986

Survey Of Northwest Kansas Cow-Calf Producers, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An in-depth survey of reproductive performance and management practice was conducted on 160 cow/calf operations in Northwest Kansas.

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Effect Of Decoquinate On Gain And Health Of Newly-Arrived Stocker Cattle, F. Brazle Jan 1986

Effect Of Decoquinate On Gain And Health Of Newly-Arrived Stocker Cattle, F. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Decoquinate (Deccox®), when added to the diet of newly-arrived calves, reduced (P<.05) the number of treatments required per animal in three experiments involving 551 cattle. Feed conversion was improved in two of the three experiments and average daily gain was increased (P<.05) in one experiment when Deccox® was fed. Steer calves gained faster (P<.001) and required fewer (P<.01) treatments per head than bulls calves castrated on arrival. Black, medium-framed calves required fewer (P<.05) treatments than other breed types.

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Effects Of Castration, Dehorning, Frame Size, And Gut Fill On The Long-Term Performance Of Feeder Calves, F.K. Brazle, R.R. Schalles Jan 1986

Effects Of Castration, Dehorning, Frame Size, And Gut Fill On The Long-Term Performance Of Feeder Calves, F.K. Brazle, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In two experiments, calves purchased as steers gained substantially faster than calves purchased as bulls and then castrated, during both the starting period and the subsequent growing period. Large-framed calves gained .22 lb per day faster, and small-framed calves .21 lb per day slower, than medium-framed calves. Cattle appearing gaunt at the start of the trial gained 1.33 lb per day less than those with average gut fill.

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Effect Of Single Ralgro® Implant During The Suckling Period On Reproductive Performance Of Replacement Heifers, T.B. Goehring, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms Jan 1986

Effect Of Single Ralgro® Implant During The Suckling Period On Reproductive Performance Of Replacement Heifers, T.B. Goehring, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and seven spring-born, crossbred heifers were used to determine the effect of a single Ralgro® implant on their reproductive performance. Three implant treatments were used: 1) Non-implanted controls, 2)36 mg Ralgro® at birth, or 3) 36 mg Ralgro® at 2 to 3 months of age. Heifers implanted at birth had significantly lower first service conception rates and overall pregnancy rules than non-implanted controls or those implanted at 2 to 3 months of age. Pelvic areas of yearling were increased by implanting at birth or 2 to 3 months of age. Age at puberty and the percentage of heifers …

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Effects Of Preweaning And Post Weaning Implants On Suckling, Growing, And Finishing Steer Performance, D.D. Simms, R.W. Lee, S.B. Laudert, James J. Higgins Jan 1986

Effects Of Preweaning And Post Weaning Implants On Suckling, Growing, And Finishing Steer Performance, D.D. Simms, R.W. Lee, S.B. Laudert, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and ninety-five crossbred steers were used to compare lifetime implant strategies and study the effects of implanting during the suckling period on performance in the growing and finishing periods. There were no differences in growing period gains when both groups were implanted in the suckling period and the growing period. However, steers implanted in the suckling period but not implanted in the growing period had significantly lower gains than all other treatments including controls. Steers implanted only in the growing period had better feed efficiency in the growing period than both controls and steers implanted only in the …

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Effect Of Various Dosages Of Ralgro® In The Suckling Period On Weight Gain During The Growing Period, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, James J. Higgins Jan 1986

Effect Of Various Dosages Of Ralgro® In The Suckling Period On Weight Gain During The Growing Period, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We studied how implanting with various dosages of Ralgro® during the suckling period affected gains in the growing period. Preweaning performance was reported in the 1985 Cattlemen's Day Report. All calves, regardless of suckling period treatment, received 36 mg Ralgro® at the start of the growing period. Average daily gains during the growing period were similar for all treatments. Consequently, the added weight obtained from the suckling-period implants was still present at the end of the growing period.

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Comparison Of 36 Mg And 72 Mg Ralgro® For Suckling Steer Calves, D.D. Simms Jan 1986

Comparison Of 36 Mg And 72 Mg Ralgro® For Suckling Steer Calves, D.D. Simms

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In a study in which 525 Simmental-cross steer calves were assigned to five implant treatments in four trials, 72 mg Ralgro® implants failed to increase performance significantly over' conventional 36 mg implants.

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Beef Cattle Systems Analysis, R.R. Schalles Jan 1986

Beef Cattle Systems Analysis, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

For cattle producers to stay in business, they must apply the business management techniques used by sophisticated non-agricultural enterprises. Among these techniques is systems analysis, in which formulas representing interrelationships between various inputs are built into a computer program. The program simulates expected results, based on available information.

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A Comparison Of Synovex-S® And Steer-Oid® Implants For Finishing Cattle, G. Goldy, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1986

A Comparison Of Synovex-S® And Steer-Oid® Implants For Finishing Cattle, G. Goldy, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

There were no significant differences in performance or carcass traits for finishing cattle implanted with either Synovex-S® or STEER-oid®. The 122-day trial used 180 steers, with each treatment having 15 replicates.

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Bacteriological And Histopathological Investigations Of Liver Abscesses, K.F. Lechtenberg, H.W. Leipold, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1986

Bacteriological And Histopathological Investigations Of Liver Abscesses, K.F. Lechtenberg, H.W. Leipold, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fusobacterium necrophorum was the predominant bacterial isolate from 49 liver abscesses. Biotype A tended to occur in pure infections and produced a more severe tissue reaction than biotype B, which tended to occur as a mixed infection.

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Effect Of Variety, Location, And Irrigation On Selected Criteria For Evaluating Wheat As A Feed For Ruminants, G. Goldy, Andrew William Lenssen, T. Walters, Jack G. Riley, Gerry L. Posler Jan 1986

Effect Of Variety, Location, And Irrigation On Selected Criteria For Evaluating Wheat As A Feed For Ruminants, G. Goldy, Andrew William Lenssen, T. Walters, Jack G. Riley, Gerry L. Posler

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

There were no significant differences in in vitro digestibility between wheat varieties, but there was a trend for differences due to locations. Location differences were much wider for test weight, 1000 kernel weight, hardness score and crude protein level than variety differences. Wheat from irrigated plots had higher grain yields and crude protein content, but lower test weights, 1000 kernel weight, and hardness values than wheat from fallow plots at the same location. There were no differences in digestibilites between fallow and irrigated wheat.

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The Feeding Value Of Wheat And High Moisture Sorghum Grain Fed Singly And In Combination To Finishing Steers, D. Axe, K. Bolsen, R. Lee, George M. Herron Jan 1986

The Feeding Value Of Wheat And High Moisture Sorghum Grain Fed Singly And In Combination To Finishing Steers, D. Axe, K. Bolsen, R. Lee, George M. Herron

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Wheat and high moisture sorghum grain were fed singly and in two combinations in a 121-day feedlot trial at the Garden City Branch Experiment Station. Feed efficiency improved with increasing proportions of wheat in the ration. However, rates of gain were similar for the three wheat-containing rations. Results showed that at least 33% sorghum grain can be substituted for wheat in finishing rations with little influence on performance. The combination rations produced rates of gain that were above predicted values, indicating positive associative effects.

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Influence Of Ionophore Addition To High-Grain Diets On Net Nutrient Absorption, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery Jan 1986

Influence Of Ionophore Addition To High-Grain Diets On Net Nutrient Absorption, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Adding ionophores to a high grain diet increased glucose absorption and decreased the transport of urea back into the gut. These changes are consistent with the antibiotic effects of these compounds. Decreased microbial activity in the gut and shifts in the pattern of absorbed nutrients may help explain the improvements in feed efficiency seen with ionophore addition.

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How Stems Of Sorghum Silage Are Digested, L.H. Harbers, R.A. Schweitzer Jan 1986

How Stems Of Sorghum Silage Are Digested, L.H. Harbers, R.A. Schweitzer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Upper and lower portions of stem from three sorghum cultivars were ensiled and then subjected to rumen fermentation. The lower stems were readily digested, whereas the upper sections were poorly utilized. Several microscopic techniques were used to help explain the difference.

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Effect Of Maturity At Harvest On Yield And Composition Of Hybrid Grain And Forage Sorghum Silages, R. Smith, K. Bolsen, T. Walter, B. Kirch Jan 1986

Effect Of Maturity At Harvest On Yield And Composition Of Hybrid Grain And Forage Sorghum Silages, R. Smith, K. Bolsen, T. Walter, B. Kirch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results from two trials indicate that grain sorghums can produce high, whole-crop dry matter yields in a short time. Although grain sorghum whole-crop silage may yield less tonnage than forage sorghum, its higher crude protein and grain-to-forage ratio could more than compensate for the difference. Maximum yields, both whole-crop and grain, were obtained at late-dough maturity in both years. However, since high quality silages were made at each harvest stage, grain sorghums had a relatively long harvest season. Grain sorghums had a dry matter content suitable for ensiling over the range of maturities studied. In addition, their yield and nutrient …

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Experimental Implant Evaluated In Grazing Yearling Steers, S. Laudert, C. Sauerwein Jan 1986

Experimental Implant Evaluated In Grazing Yearling Steers, S. Laudert, C. Sauerwein

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experimental implant containing Beta-estradiol increased (P<.05) daily gain of grazing yearling steers by 15.5% compared to controls. Compudose implants increased (P<.01) daily gain by 13.5%. There was no gain difference between the experimental implant and Compudose.

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Effect Of Rotational Grazing By Yearlings On Early-Intensive, Double-Stocked, Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1986

Effect Of Rotational Grazing By Yearlings On Early-Intensive, Double-Stocked, Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Continuous, early-intensive (double-stocked) grazing vs. early-intensive grazing using a two-pasture, 16 to 18-day rotation were compared in three experiments. No significant differences were found (P>.15) in daily gains of stockers or forage remaining after the 2 ½ month grazing season

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Effect Of Salinomycin On Performance Of Grazing Stocker Heifers, Lyle W. Lomas Jan 1986

Effect Of Salinomycin On Performance Of Grazing Stocker Heifers, Lyle W. Lomas

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of feeding 0, 25, 50, 100, or 150 mg of salinomycin per head daily on performance of stocker heifers grazing smooth bromegrass pasture was evaluated in a 126-day trial. Feeding 100 or 150 mg of salinomycin per head daily produced the fastest gain.

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Bovatec® Vs. Rumensin® Fed In Free-Choice Mineral-Grain Mixtures On Early Intensively Grazed, Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1986

Bovatec® Vs. Rumensin® Fed In Free-Choice Mineral-Grain Mixtures On Early Intensively Grazed, Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The performance of grazing heifers offered a free-choice mineral or two mineral-grain-ionophore mixtures was evaluated in 3-year study. Heifers ate more of the supplement containing Bovatec® than that containing Rumensin® (P<.05). Heifers fed Bovatec® gained faster (P<.10) than those fed Rumensin® or the control mineral mixture.

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Effect Of Thiabendazole On Gains Of Stockers Grazing 50% Endophyte Fungus-Infected, Tall Fescue Pastures, F. Brazle Jan 1986

Effect Of Thiabendazole On Gains Of Stockers Grazing 50% Endophyte Fungus-Infected, Tall Fescue Pastures, F. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thiabendazole (TBZ®) wormer pellets were added to either a mineral or grain mix in two experiments with steers grazing 50% endophyte fungus-infected, tall fescue pastures. Research from other stations has suggested that TBZ® partially overcomes the toxicity of endophyte fungus. In our experiments, steers received .2 g of TBZ® per 100 lb body weight per day, but daily gain was not improved during the grazing period.

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The Manhattan Weather In 1984 And 1985, L.D. Bark Jan 1986

The Manhattan Weather In 1984 And 1985, L.D. Bark

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The charts that follow show graphically the daily weather in Manhattan during the last 2 years. Each chart has three smooth curves to represent the average weather conditions at Manhattan based on 70 years of records from the Experiment Station files. The two smooth curves near the top of the charts show the average maximum and minimum temperatures that occur throughout the year. They reach a low point in mid-,January and climb to a peak in mid-July. The smooth curve in the lower part of the chart indicates the average accumulative precipitation during the year. Starting at zero on January …

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1986 Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, L. W. Lomas, K. W. Kelley, G. M. Paulsen, J. L. Moyer, D. W. Sweeney Jan 1986

1986 Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, L. W. Lomas, K. W. Kelley, G. M. Paulsen, J. L. Moyer, D. W. Sweeney

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Research on crops, beef cattle, and related topics at the Southeast Kansas Branch Station.

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Dairy Replacement Heifer Nutrition (1986), J.L. Morrill Jan 1986

Dairy Replacement Heifer Nutrition (1986), J.L. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Proper nutrition and management are necessary to provide adequate numbers of healthy herd replacements. Satisfactory heifer programs must take into consideration care of the dam and characteristics of the newborn calf, including the deficiency of circulating antibodies at birth and the lack of a functioning rumen. Nutrition. Nutrition of the dry cow is very important because of the effect this has on the next lactation as well as 0[1 the developing fetus. Several points should receive special attention. (l) Provide adequate protein and energy to meet requirements. (2) Increase concentrate intake gradually during the last part of the "¢ dry …

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Is A Computer Feeder Necessary In The Dry Lot Cow? (1986), J.C. Kube, John E. Shirley, K.D. Frantz Jan 1986

Is A Computer Feeder Necessary In The Dry Lot Cow? (1986), J.C. Kube, John E. Shirley, K.D. Frantz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Springing heifers and dry cows were introduced to a computer feeder either 2 wk before their estimated freshening date or at calving. There was no significant difference in milk production, percentage milk fat, percentage milk protein, or somatic cell count (SCC). Lead feeding with a computer feeder resulted in a 40% decrease in concentrate consumption over bunk feeding during the dry period.; Dairy Day, 1986, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1986;

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Effect On Ruminal Lactic Acid Utilization And Lactic Acid-Utilizing Bacteria (1986), G.W. Miller, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1986

Effect On Ruminal Lactic Acid Utilization And Lactic Acid-Utilizing Bacteria (1986), G.W. Miller, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of diet on in vitro lactic acid utilization rate and counts of lactic add-utilizing bacteria was determined in ruminally cannulated steers. The steers were adapted to an alfalfa diet and gradually switched to an all-grain diet. The in vitro lactic acid fermentation rate increased with increased grain intake. Concurrently, the proportion of lactic acid-utilizing bacteria also increased. The increased population of lactic acid-utilizing bacteria is responsible for preventing lactic acid accumulation in the rumen of cattle adapted to consume a high-grain diet.; Dairy Day, 1986, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1986;

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Evaluation Of High-Energy Calf Starter For Early-Weaned Calves (1986), W.H. Carinder, P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill Jan 1986

Evaluation Of High-Energy Calf Starter For Early-Weaned Calves (1986), W.H. Carinder, P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experimental calf-starter diet containing roasted whole soybeans, buffer and dehydrated alfalfa pellets was compared with a conventional calf starter for young calves on an early-weaning program. Overall means for weight gains, dry feed consumption, and fecal scores were similar for the two treatments. However, calves fed the experimental calf starter showed a trend toward higher gains at 4 and 5 wk of age. More fat than necessary in the diet and feeding of prestarter until 8 wk of age may have precluded finding significant benefits with the experimental starter.; Dairy Day, 1986, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1986;

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Effect Of Milk Intake And Method Of Weaning On Calf Performance And Stress In An Early-Weaning Program (1986), P. Flynn, P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1986

Effect Of Milk Intake And Method Of Weaning On Calf Performance And Stress In An Early-Weaning Program (1986), P. Flynn, P.G. Reddy, J.L. Morrill, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feeding milk at 8% of birthweight and gradual weaning resulted in the most consistent increases in weekly weight gain, highest overall weight gain, and greatest increases in dry feed consumption during an 8-wk trial compared to feeding milk at 8% and abrupt weaning, at 10% and gradual weaning, or at 10% and abrupt weaning. By 8 wk, the 8% gradually-weaned calves also had higher levels of serum protein and lower levels of urea nitrogen in blood than calves in other treatment groups. Therefore, the 8% gradual-weaning program was determined to be the most appropriate for early weaning of dairy calves.; …

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