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Articles 241 - 270 of 380
Full-Text Articles in Transportation Law
Constitutional Law - Due Process - Regulation Of The Business Of The Contract Motor Carrier
Constitutional Law - Due Process - Regulation Of The Business Of The Contract Motor Carrier
Michigan Law Review
Much of the doubt and uncertainty concerning the power of the States to regulate the contract motor carrier has been dispelled by the recent decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Stephenson et al. v. Binford et al. A Texas statute specifically defined the two categories of common and contract carriers for hire and undertook to regulate the business of each through the agency of the State Railroad Commission; the statute required contract carriers to secure "permits" which were to be granted by the commission only after a hearing and not if the …
Negligence-"Family Automobile" Doctrine Applied To Motorboat
Negligence-"Family Automobile" Doctrine Applied To Motorboat
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, while riding as a guest in a motorboat owned and maintained by defendant for the pleasure of his family, sustained injuries caused by the alleged negligence of the operator, defendant's son. In an action brought for damages arising out of said injuries, Felcyn v. Gamble, et al., the order sustaining demurrer interposed by defendant was affirmed, the "family automobile" doctrine being declared inapplicable.
Railroads-Right To Drill For Oil Or Gas On Right Of Way
Railroads-Right To Drill For Oil Or Gas On Right Of Way
Michigan Law Review
A railroad had acquired a one-hundred-foot strip of land through a farm, the deed describing the land granted by metes and bounds, and "for railroad purposes only." For fifty years the defendant has continuously used the strip for railroad purposes. The plaintiff, who became owner of the farm and successor to whatever rights in the strip remained to his grantor, sought to enjoin the defendant from drilling for oil and gas in the strip. Held, that the railroad had purchased a fee simple absolute in the strip and was therefore entitled to develop its own minerals. Quinn v. Pere …
Torts - Recklessness - Liability Of Driver Under "Host-Guest" Statute
Torts - Recklessness - Liability Of Driver Under "Host-Guest" Statute
Michigan Law Review
Iowa Code, 1927, sec. 5026-b1, provides that no automobile owner or operator shall be liable for injuries received by a gratuitous occupant therein, except those caused by the driver's intoxication or reckless operation. Defendant, a rather inexperienced driver, became excited upon coming to a hill and pressed the accelerator instead of the brake, causing an accident which injured plaintiff, a gratuitous passenger in the car. The jury found that defendant had been driving recklessly. In reversing for error in instruction, the court held that recklessness may or may not include wilfulness or wantonness, but always implies no care, coupled with …
Automobiles - Right Of Way At Intersections - Effect Of "Stop" Street
Automobiles - Right Of Way At Intersections - Effect Of "Stop" Street
Michigan Law Review
In driving his automobile plaintiff approached a "stop" street and stopped his car as required by law; he then entered the intersection and collided with defendant's car, which approached from plaintiff's left on the "through" street. On the trial of an action for the resulting damage the court instructed the jury that the vehicle on the through street "shall have right of way over all other vehicles approaching or traveling upon all streets intersecting said designated boulevard." Held, such instruction is erroneous, for the ordinance did not give the traveler on the through street right of way over cars …
An Important Study Of The Interstate Commerce Commission
An Important Study Of The Interstate Commerce Commission
Michigan Law Review
A review of THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION - A STUDY IN ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND PROCEDURE. By I. L. Sharfman
Negligence - Contribution Between Concurrent Tort Feasors - Subrogation
Negligence - Contribution Between Concurrent Tort Feasors - Subrogation
Michigan Law Review
A truck owner parked his truck on a public street at night knowing that the rear light was not burning. A Minnesota statute made it illegal to park a car at night without a light. The defendant negligently ran into the truck, whereby one of his companions was injured. The plaintiff, as insurer of the truck owner, paid for the injury, becoming subrogated to any right of contribution which the truck owner might have against the defendant. Held, that if the truck driver were guilty of negligence only, recovery could be had, but where there is an intentional wrong …
Carriers - Allocation Of Rate Charges On Cost Basis
Carriers - Allocation Of Rate Charges On Cost Basis
Michigan Law Review
In a proceeding in equity to secure the annulment of an order of the Interstate Commerce Commission fixing the cost of icing, for shipments of poultry and dairy products originating in the six western states, on the "cost of ice" basis already existing in the other forty-two states, it was held that the rate is reasonable if it furnishes reasonable and adequate return for service rendered, and such return must pay cost of that service as distinguished from all other service, plus reasonable profit thereon; but that, in arriving at this "cost of ice" rate, the Interstate Commerce Commission was …
Carriers - Ferries - Liability For Automobile Lost In Transit
Carriers - Ferries - Liability For Automobile Lost In Transit
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff purchased a ticket for passage on the defendant's ferry and drove his car aboard. During transit, and through no negligence on the part of the defendant, the boat ran upon a stone piling and sank. Held, that the defendant, although a common carrier, had not received and accepted the automobile, and therefore was not subject to insurer's liability. Mercer v. Christiana Ferry Co. (Del. 1930) 155 Atl. 596.
Public Utilities - Private Carrier Cannot Be Made A Common Carrier By Legislative Fiat
Public Utilities - Private Carrier Cannot Be Made A Common Carrier By Legislative Fiat
Michigan Law Review
The appellant, a private carrier for hire, was arrested for operation of motor vehicles upon the state highways without having obtained a certificate of public convenience and necessity from the state railroad commission and without having paid the mileage tax required by the state statute. This statute also gave the commission power to fix and approve rates and schedules, and otherwise regulate carriers. It further stated that, if any of its provisions were held to be unconstitutional, the validity of the remaining portions should be unaffected. Laws of Florida, 1929, c. 13700. In view of this latter provision, the state …
Carriers-Long And Short Haul Clause-Interpretation
Carriers-Long And Short Haul Clause-Interpretation
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff shipped grain from points of origin in Minnesota and the Dakotas over the defendant's line to Minneapolis where it was re-consigned over the same line to Superior. The defendant had on file a through rate on shipments from the points of origin to Superior with no specification of the route to be used. The route via Minneapolis was circuitous as compared with the direct route available, and the defendant charged the plaintiff the local rate to Minneapolis plus the proportional to Superior, the aggregate of which exceeded the through rate in the filed tariffs. Held, that …
Carriers-Transportation Of Private Cars-Deviation From Rates In Filed Tariffs
Carriers-Transportation Of Private Cars-Deviation From Rates In Filed Tariffs
Michigan Law Review
Complainants instituted this suit to set aside an order of the Interstate Commerce Commission prohibiting the transportation of private passenger train cars, including so-called office cars of other carriers, free or at other than published tariff rates. Held, the transportation of a private or office car of another carrier is subject to the filed tariffs which "apply to all traffic transportation and facilities" defined in the Interstate Commerce Act. L. & N. R. Co. and others v. United States, U. S. Sup. Ct. 1931, Adv. Op. No. 333, 51 Sup. Ct. 39.
Public Utilities-Power Of Interstate Commerce Commision To Give Certificate Of Convenience And Necessity
Michigan Law Review
Certain coal fields in West Virginia are served by the Chesapeake and Ohio, the Norfolk and Western, and the Virginian railroads. The Chesapeake and the Norfolk compete for the westbound coal traffic coming over the Virginian which has no lines in the western part of these fields. The Interstate Commerce Commission authorized the Virginian to build a short connecting line which made possible much cheaper carriage over the Chesapeake, and authorized the Norfolk to construct a similar line in order to compete on equal terms. The Chesapeake sought a reversal on the ground that the Interstate Commerce Commission is not …
Carriers-Freight Payable In Cash
Carriers-Freight Payable In Cash
Michigan Law Review
The railroad company sought to recover freight charges on coal shipped to defendant. On delivery, the carrier had accepted defendant's check on a local bank for the amount of the charges, as usual. Before presentment the bank failed and defendant contended it was relieved from liability because of the carrier's unjustifiable delay in presenting the check. The Supreme Court held that a payment by check on demand drawn on a going bank in which the drawer has an ample deposit comes within the requirement of the Interstate Commerce Act that payment must be made in money, so defendant was entitled …
Review: Watkins On Shippers And Carriers, Chas. E. Cullen
Review: Watkins On Shippers And Carriers, Chas. E. Cullen
Michigan Law Review
A Book Review on WATKINS ON SHIPPERS AND CARRIERS Fourth edition by Edgar Watkins assisted by J. Halden Alldredge.
Carriers-Liability For Loss Of Goods-Connecting Carriers In Foreign Commerce
Carriers-Liability For Loss Of Goods-Connecting Carriers In Foreign Commerce
Michigan Law Review
A box of furs, shipped from London, England, to New York City, U. S. A., over the line of the defendant navigation company, was delivered to the defendant trucking company at the order of the United States because the duties had not been paid. The trucking company delivered it to the defendant warehouse where it remained a week before being moved by the same trucking company to the United States Appraisal Stores. Here it was discovered that some of the furs had been stolen from the box. Held, the defendant navigation company was not liable as initial carrier under …
Constitutional Law-Action For Personal Injury As Property
Constitutional Law-Action For Personal Injury As Property
Michigan Law Review
In an action for personal injury to the plaintiff while a guest in defendant's car, the trial court instructed the jury that plaintiff must prove the elements required by the Guest Act, i.e., a heedless and reckless disregard of the rights of others, and not merely the common law requirements for negligence. The Guest Act (Pub, Acts, 1927, c. 308) was void for failure of the governor to sign in the prescribed time. Validating acts were passed after the accident in question. Held, action for personal injury was a property interest and the validating acts, operating retrospectively, impaired plaintiff's …
Carriers-Division Of Joint Rates
Carriers-Division Of Joint Rates
Michigan Law Review
The divisions here involved were those to be made in joint rates between points in southwestern territory and those in western trunk-line territory, or via western territory to and from eastern points. The line between western and southwestern territory passes through St. Louis and other Missouri and Illinois towns. The divisions of these joint rates between the carriers in these territories had been in existence for many years and were without uniform or rational basis. The Interstate Commerce Commission, investigating these divisions, found them more favor able to southwestern lines than present circumstances justified. Conditions in southwestern territory had become …
Carriers--Rates-Construction Of Hoch-Smith Resolution On Power Of Interstate Commerce Commission Over Railroad Rates
Michigan Law Review
California growers have for several years complained that railroad freight rates to eastern points on decidious fruits were unreasonably high, contributing to their suffering from the agricultural depression. In 1925, the Interstate Commerce Commission found these rates not reasonable nor unduly prejudicial, 100 I. C. C. 79. That year, Congress passed the Hoch-Smith Resolution, c. 120, 43 Stat. 801, 49 U. S. C. A. 55. This provided for investigation of rate structures by the Interstate Commerce Commission, and stated that in rate-making due regard should be paid to conditions in the various industries, the market-value levels of commodities, the natural …
Injunction-Against Tort-Balance Of Convenience
Injunction-Against Tort-Balance Of Convenience
Michigan Law Review
The defendant railroad company held a lease for a right of way to and from the complainant's flour mill. In violation of their lease, and over the protest of the plaintiff, a side track was run from the branch track of the complainant to the track of the Litchfield Dairy Association and later extended to the plant of the defendant association, a competitor of the complainant. Held, the complainant was entitled to a decree restraining the defendants from moving cars for the defendant association over the complainant's side track. Affirmed. Stock and Sons v. Litchfield Coop. Shipper's Ass'n. et …
Public Utilities-Power Of Commissoin To Change Rates Set In Franchise Granted By Legislature
Public Utilities-Power Of Commissoin To Change Rates Set In Franchise Granted By Legislature
Michigan Law Review
The Dry Dock Company was given franchises by the legislature to operate street railways in New York City, by Laws 1860, c. 512, and Laws 1866, cc. 866, 868, 883. These special laws fixed a five-cent maximum fare. Much later, the Public Service Commission Law (Cons. laws, c. 48) was enacted. Sec. 29 of this provided that, "unless the commission otherwise orders, no change shall be made in any rate * * * which shall have been filed and published by a common carrier * * * except after 30 days' notice to the commission * * * and all …
Statutes-"Reasonable Speed"-Interpretation
Statutes-"Reasonable Speed"-Interpretation
Michigan Law Review
In an action for damages arising out of an accident the instruction was given :that the intersection was a closely built-up portion of the city within the meaning of sec. 12003, 110 Ohio Laws p. 138 which provided, "A rate of speed greater than fifteen miles an hour in the business or closely built-up portions of a municipal corporation or more than twenty-five miles an hour in other portions thereof * * * shall be prima facie evidence of a rate of speed greater than is reasonable and proper." Upon each corner of the intersection there were buildings two or …
Carriers - Liability For Goods Lost By Express Company While Performing Service Contrary To The Filed Tariff
Michigan Law Review
The filed tariff of the defendant express company provided that packages containing money would be received only when delivered at the office of the express company. It was the custom of the defendant. contrary to the tariff provisions, to send a special truck to the office of the shippers when notified that money was to be transported. A shipment oi the plaintiff was thus called for, and the money lost when the truck was held up on the way to the express office. Defendant contended that the service was in violation of the tariff, and that no recovery could be …
Carriers-Counterclaim-Shipper's Counterclaim In Carrier's Action For Freight, As Illegal Discrimination
Michigan Law Review
To the railroad's action to recover unpaid freight, the shipper set up as a counterclaim his loss (an amount greater than the freight) from damage to that shipment due to the plaintiff's negligence. The United States district court for the southern district of California held for the defendant, that this might be done. Upon appeal, the circuit court of appeals for the ninth circuit certified the question: Where a carrier brings an action at law to recover freight charges-in a district where state law provides that if a defendant fails to set up a counterclaim arising out of the transaction …
Pleading-Counterclaim-Shipper's Counterclaim In Carrier's Action For Freight No Violation Of Interstate Commerce Act
Michigan Law Review
See note, supra, on Chicago and N. W. Ry. v. Lindell, 281 U. S. 14, 50 Sup. Ct. 2co, 74 L. ed. (Adv, Op. 272), at page 245 of this number.
Aerial Navigation
Michigan Law Review
With the rapid increase of the use of the air by airplanes and other craft, courts are bound to be called upon frequently to determine the rights and liabilities of the owners and operators of aircraft with reference to other persons in various positions. It is probable that, as was found to be true in the cases of other new devices, the principles of the common law are sufficiently elastic and adaptable to determine the settlement of most, if not all, of the controversies.
Corporations-Stock Conversion-Obligation Of Interstate Carrier
Corporations-Stock Conversion-Obligation Of Interstate Carrier
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, holding preferred stock of the defendant railroad convertible into common stock, sought to exercise his right of conversion, and on the railroad's failure to comply, filed the present suit for damages. The answer set up as an affirmative defense that the defendant, an interstate common carrier, is subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission; by the 1920 amendment to the Interstate Commerce Act, 49 U. S. C. A. sec. 20a, it was made unlawful for any carrier to issue stock except by the Commission's sanction; on Feb. 7, 1927, for the first time demand was made for …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
Vicarious Liability And The Family Automobile, Norman D. Lattin
Vicarious Liability And The Family Automobile, Norman D. Lattin
Michigan Law Review
The advent of the automobile into the family life of the present age brought with it a doctrine which has been the troublesome source of much comment in the adjudicated cases and legal literature generally. Were it not for the fact that the battle still wages with much intensity, with very little outward evidence of abatement, it would be presumptuous to add to the already voluminous supply of legal material concerning the law of the family automobile, commonly termed the "family purpose" or "family car" doctrine. If further justification were needed, the problems arising from air navigation, which threatens to …
Interstate Ferries And The Commerce Clause, C. M. Kneier
Interstate Ferries And The Commerce Clause, C. M. Kneier
Michigan Law Review
The Constitution of the United States confers upon Congress the power to regulate commerce among the several states; the transportation of passengers and freight across a navigable river from one state to another by ferryboat, however short the distance traversed, or frequent the trips made, is interstate commerce. It is the purpose of this study to point out what action Congress has taken under the power thus conferred upon it relative to interstate ferries and to determine the relative spheres of authority of the states and of the National Government over this subject.