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Articles 211 - 240 of 439
Full-Text Articles in Law and Gender
Epa's Mercury Cap And Trade Rule: An Environmental Injustice For Women, Rachel Kalman
Epa's Mercury Cap And Trade Rule: An Environmental Injustice For Women, Rachel Kalman
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note critiques the EPA's Clean Air Mercury Rule (CAMR), arguing that it prioritizes economic interests over public health, particularly harming women of childbearing age and vulnerable populations. The rule's reliance on a cap and trade system, delayed implementation, and flawed risk assessment models underestimate mercury exposure risks, disproportionately affecting subsistence communities and low-income groups. The analysis advocates for stricter emissions standards under the Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) framework and greater consideration of gender-specific health impacts in regulatory decisions.
A New Disease Born Every Minute: The Marketing Of Pathology And The Exploitation Of Gender-Based Insecurities And Sexuality To Sell Drugs, Elizabeth Lambdin
A New Disease Born Every Minute: The Marketing Of Pathology And The Exploitation Of Gender-Based Insecurities And Sexuality To Sell Drugs, Elizabeth Lambdin
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Does Title Ix Work After School? California Applies The Three Part Test To Municipal Sports, Aaron J. Hershtal
Does Title Ix Work After School? California Applies The Three Part Test To Municipal Sports, Aaron J. Hershtal
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note examines the extension of Title IX gender equity requirements to municipal sports programs through California's AB 2404, addressing disparities in resource allocation and participation opportunities for girls. It argues that while AB 2404 provides critical protections and opportunities, its implementation faces challenges, including budget constraints and potential unintended consequences for male athletes. The analysis highlights the importance of addressing systemic gender discrimination in sports and the need for policymakers to balance equity with practical considerations.
The Impact Of Feminine Leadership On State Courts: A Panel Of Women Chief Justices, Alan Florendo
The Impact Of Feminine Leadership On State Courts: A Panel Of Women Chief Justices, Alan Florendo
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The symposium report examines the impact of women in leadership roles on state courts, focusing on a panel discussion with four prominent female chief justices. It explores how their presence has influenced judicial decision-making and the potential for state courts to become champions of civil rights. While the panelists acknowledge the transformative potential of women on the judiciary, they also highlight challenges such as politicization and the need for greater emphasis on state constitutional law.
Dukes V. Wal-Mart: Can 1.5 Million Women Save Employment Discrimination Class Actions?, Robert Fisher
Dukes V. Wal-Mart: Can 1.5 Million Women Save Employment Discrimination Class Actions?, Robert Fisher
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue And A Silver Sixpence For Her Shoe: Dukes V. Wal-Mart & Sex Discrimination Class Actions, Winnie Chau
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note examines the effectiveness of large-scale sex discrimination class actions, particularly through the lens of Dukes v. WalMart, in driving systemic change in corporate workplace practices. While these actions often succeed in compensating victims, they frequently fail to address the root causes of discrimination, leaving broader systemic issues unresolved. The analysis highlights the tension between procedural requirements and the need for meaningful reform, suggesting that such lawsuits can prompt some positive changes but often fall short of achieving lasting impact.
Table Of Contents - Cardozo Journal Of Law & Gender, Vol. 12, Iss. 1
Table Of Contents - Cardozo Journal Of Law & Gender, Vol. 12, Iss. 1
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Ethics In Medicine: With A Special Focus On The Concepts Of Sex And Gender In Intersex Management, Natascha Gruber
Ethics In Medicine: With A Special Focus On The Concepts Of Sex And Gender In Intersex Management, Natascha Gruber
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article critiques the binary sex/gender system and its application in intersex medical management, arguing that it leads to harmful practices. It proposes a more flexible model to respect individual autonomy and reduce medical intervention, promoting ethical treatment that prioritizes patient consent and well-being.
From Lavender To Purple: Privacy, Black Women, And Feminist Legal Theory, Jennifer C. Nash
From Lavender To Purple: Privacy, Black Women, And Feminist Legal Theory, Jennifer C. Nash
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article critiques traditional feminist legal theory for its narrow view of privacy as inherently oppressive, particularly for women of color. It argues that privacy can be a source of empowerment and safety for Black women, challenging the one-size-fits-all approach of mainstream feminist theory. The author advocates for a more nuanced, intersectional perspective that considers how privacy affects different groups differently.
On Academic Discrimination, Janet Ainsworth
On Academic Discrimination, Janet Ainsworth
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article critiques the argument that women's underrepresentation in the physical sciences is due to innate intellectual inferiority or a lack of willingness to work long hours. It challenges the assumptions underlying such claims, arguing that discrimination and socialization play significant roles, and that the notion of requiring "super-intelligence" for academic success is overstated and unproven. The author advocates for addressing systemic biases and unstated assumptions in academia rather than focusing on debates about innate differences.
Lawrence Summers At The Nber Conference: The Real Deal, Taunya Lovell Banks
Lawrence Summers At The Nber Conference: The Real Deal, Taunya Lovell Banks
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
In Response To The Remarks By Lawrence H. Summers, Presenting Empirical Data On The Differences In Learning Styles Between Males And Females, Robin A. Boyle, Andrea Honigsfeld
In Response To The Remarks By Lawrence H. Summers, Presenting Empirical Data On The Differences In Learning Styles Between Males And Females, Robin A. Boyle, Andrea Honigsfeld
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Check Only One: M/F/Other, Julie Shapiro
Check Only One: M/F/Other, Julie Shapiro
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article critiques the assumption that individuals can be neatly categorized into male and female, arguing that this binary framework is increasingly problematic. It highlights how this assumption underpins debates about gender differences in innate abilities, such as those raised by Lawrence Summers, and contends that without clear, universally accepted definitions of "male" and "female," such generalizations lack coherence. The analysis emphasizes the legal and social complexities of gender categorization, particularly in light of evolving understandings of intersex and transgender identities.
Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender
Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Toward True Shalom Bayit: Acknowledging Domestic Abuse In The Jewish Community, Lydia M. Belzer
Toward True Shalom Bayit: Acknowledging Domestic Abuse In The Jewish Community, Lydia M. Belzer
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article examines the intersection of domestic abuse and Jewish law, focusing on how religious teachings, such as the concept of shalom bayit (peace in the home), are often misused to justify remaining in abusive relationships. It highlights the barriers women face in obtaining a religious divorce (get) and the stigma associated with domestic abuse (shonda), which discourages victims from seeking help. The analysis critiques the misuse of religious laws and advocates for reinterpretation to prioritize victims' safety and well-being. The article emphasizes the need for education, awareness, and improved support systems within the Jewish community to address these issues …
Women In Science: Biological Factors Should Not Be Ignored, Kingsley R. Browne
Women In Science: Biological Factors Should Not Be Ignored, Kingsley R. Browne
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article argues that biological and psychological differences between sexes contribute to the underrepresentation of women in certain fields, challenging the assumption that equal representation is always the appropriate goal. It critiques the notion that disparities necessarily indicate systemic flaws, emphasizing that freedom of choice should allow for different occupational outcomes without implying discrimination.
The Lengthening Shadow Of Androcentrism, Bryan K. Fair
The Lengthening Shadow Of Androcentrism, Bryan K. Fair
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article critiques Harvard President Lawrence H. Summers' hypotheses on the underrepresentation of women in high-end science and engineering jobs, arguing that his views are based on stereotypes and overlook historical and systemic factors. The author contests Summers' points, emphasizing that gender disparities stem from deeply entrenched male privilege and legal structures rather than women's choices or aptitude. The analysis highlights the role of historical discrimination and legal cases in perpetuating gender caste.
Radical Tweak-Relocating The Power To Assign Sex, Elizabeth Reilly
Radical Tweak-Relocating The Power To Assign Sex, Elizabeth Reilly
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article argues that the legal system's enforcement of binary sex classification perpetuates harm against intersex individuals by mandating sex assignment at birth and enabling non-consensual medical interventions. It proposes removing sex designation from birth certificates to allow individuals to self-identify their sex later in life, promoting autonomy and reducing harm.
Sharply Drawn Lines: An Examination Of Title Ix, Intersex, And Transgender, Emily Q. Shults
Sharply Drawn Lines: An Examination Of Title Ix, Intersex, And Transgender, Emily Q. Shults
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article advocates for a broader interpretation of Title IX to protect transgender and intersex individuals from discrimination in educational settings. It argues that the current legal framework's rigid binary understanding of sex and gender is outdated and harmful, and that discrimination based on gender identity and expression constitutes sex discrimination under Title IX. The author emphasizes the need for legal adaptation to recognize the fluidity of sex and gender.
Distracted Attentions: Intersexuality And Human Rights Protections, Morgan Holmes
Distracted Attentions: Intersexuality And Human Rights Protections, Morgan Holmes
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article argues that the medicalization of intersex conditions, often justified under an "emergency" rationale, undermines the autonomy and human rights of intersex individuals, particularly children. It critiques the framing of intersex as a medical emergency, which allows clinicians to bypass informed consent and prioritize the interests of families and medical professionals over those of the intersex individual. The article advocates for a shift in approach, emphasizing human rights protections and the need to respect the autonomy of intersex persons.
Out Of The O.R. And Into The Streets: Exploring The Impact Of Intersex Media Activism, Sharon E. Preves
Out Of The O.R. And Into The Streets: Exploring The Impact Of Intersex Media Activism, Sharon E. Preves
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
Babies are born intersexed, with ambiguous genitalia or other reproductive anatomical features, every day. Physical sexual ambiguity occurs frequently, affecting approximately one in 2000 births. Most infants born intersexed are surgically and hormonally altered to reflect the sexual anatomy associated with "standard" female or male sex assignment. This article explores the mobilization and methods of intersex individuals and their allies to destigmatize intersexuality and to alter the medical treatment they receive. I explore the intersex movement's use of mass media as a strategic activist tool and the implications of this mobilization for cultural and medical reform, arguing that media attention …
Approaching Critical Mass: An Exploration Of The Role Of Intersex Allies In Creating Positive Education, Advocacy And Change, Moonhawk River Stone M.S.
Approaching Critical Mass: An Exploration Of The Role Of Intersex Allies In Creating Positive Education, Advocacy And Change, Moonhawk River Stone M.S.
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The purpose of this article is to explore the role of allies working on behalf of intersex people. The article approaches this exploration from various perspectives that have informed the author's ally work with intersex issues for more than ten years. First, the author begins with the personal perspective and the way in which the author became an ally of intersex people. Second, the article discusses the perspective of psychological trauma, the tapestry of which is interwoven through all aspects of intersex history and experience. Third, the author delineates ally attitudes, behaviors, and tasks that are important when one is …
Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender
Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Table Of Contents - Cardozo Women's Law Journal, Vol. 11, Iss. 2
Table Of Contents - Cardozo Women's Law Journal, Vol. 11, Iss. 2
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Intersex Education, Advocacy & The Law: The Struggle For Recognition And Protection, Erin Lloyd
Intersex Education, Advocacy & The Law: The Struggle For Recognition And Protection, Erin Lloyd
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The report addresses the lack of recognition and protection for intersex individuals, highlighting the controversial medical practices and legal challenges they face. It advocates for a shift from non-consensual surgeries to a more informed, rights-based approach, emphasizing the need for legal reforms and societal acceptance.
Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender
Annotated Legal Bibliography On Gender
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Table Of Contents - Cardozo Women's Law Journal, Vol. 11, Iss. 3
Table Of Contents - Cardozo Women's Law Journal, Vol. 11, Iss. 3
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Summers' Personal As Political: Reasoning Without Effort From Stereotypes, Ellen M. Bublick
Summers' Personal As Political: Reasoning Without Effort From Stereotypes, Ellen M. Bublick
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Interpreting Sexual Disparities In Elites: The Unrecognized Implications Of Gaussian Distributions, Lloyd Cohen, Iliana Ilieva
Interpreting Sexual Disparities In Elites: The Unrecognized Implications Of Gaussian Distributions, Lloyd Cohen, Iliana Ilieva
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
No abstract provided.
The Alchemy Of A Moral Discourse About The Biology Of Gender: Historical Sensitivity, Genetic Literacy, And The Will To Imagine A Different Equality, Doriane Lambelet Coleman
The Alchemy Of A Moral Discourse About The Biology Of Gender: Historical Sensitivity, Genetic Literacy, And The Will To Imagine A Different Equality, Doriane Lambelet Coleman
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The article explores the intersection of biology, genetics, and gender, emphasizing the need for a cautious and informed approach when integrating scientific findings into legal and social policies. It highlights the historical misuse of science to justify discrimination and advocates for a nuanced understanding that balances genetic insights with ethical considerations. The author proposes moving beyond a one-size-fits-all model of equality to one that accommodates differences, ensuring equitable opportunities for all.