Labor and Employment Law Commons^™

Employment Discrimination, Peter Reed Corbin, John E. Duvall

Mercer Law Review

The field of employment discrimination law was alive and well in the Eleventh Circuit during the 2000 survey period. Indeed, the area is not even showing any signs of slowing down. The case receiving the most press was the Supreme Court's decision in Reeves v. Sanderson Plumbing Products, Inc. , which, although an age discrimination action, will have a large impact on whether cases reach a jury in all areas of employment discrimination law. The Eleventh Circuit also handed down a number of notable decisions, particularly in the area of sexual harassment, the disparate impact theory of liability, and the …

Closing A Discrimination Loophole: Using Title Vii's Anti-Retaliation Provision To Prevent Employers From Requiring Unlawful Arbitration Agreements As Conditions Of Continued Employment, Sidney Charlotte Reynolds

Washington Law Review

Courts have long viewed mandatory arbitration agreements (MAAs) as contract provisions that employees may accept or decline based on the common law doctrine of employment at-will. However, employees may see such MAAs as attempts to curtail Title VII rights and may refuse to sign them. Title VII prohibits employers from retaliating against employees who oppose discriminatory employment practices. A legal loophole has developed where some employers seek explicitly or implicitly to exempt themselves from Title VII's provisions by drafting MAAs that eliminate statutory rights and remedies from the arbitration process or deter employees from filing discrimination claims altogether. The U.S. …

Resurgence Of The Class Action Lawsuit In Employment Discrimination Cases: New Obstacles Presented By The 1991 Amendments To The Civil Rights Act, Scotty Shively

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Echazabal V. Chevron: A Direct Threat To Employers In The Ninth Circuit, Deborah Leigh Bender

Washington Law Review

Although Congress enacted the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in part to protect disabled individuals from paternalism, the ADA permits employers to adopt a requirement that individuals not pose a direct threat to others in the workplace. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has determined that this direct threat defense also protects an employer who discharges or refuses to hire individuals who pose a direct threat to their own health or safety in the workplace. In Echazabal v. Chevron, the Ninth Circuit struck down the EEOC interpretation of direct threat on the ground that it was paternalistic and inconsistent …

Research To Practice: National Day And Employment Service Trends In Mr/Dd Agencies, Danielle Dreilinger, Dana Scott Gilmore, John Butterworth

Research to Practice Series, Institute for Community Inclusion

To what extent have changes in philosophy translated into changes for state agencies and the people they serve? This brief analyzes MR/DD agencies' day and employment service trends from 1988 to 1999 and discusses relevant trends in policy and legislation.

Labor And Employment Law, Richard Gerakitis, James P. Ferguson Jr., Dorothy E. Larkin

Mercer Law Review

This Article surveys the 1999 and 2000 decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit in which the court addressed issues in the areas of labor and employment law. Specifically, this Article examines decisions by the Eleventh Circuit under the (1) Family Medical Leave Act ("FMLA"); (2) Age Discrimination in Employment Act ("ADEA"); (3) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ("Title VII"); (4) Employee Retirement Income Security Act ("ERISA"); (5) Fair Labor Standards Act ("FLSA"); and (6) Americans With Disabilities Act ("ADA").' During the past two years, the Eleventh Circuit decided numerous cases …

Employment Law In A Changing Workplace, Katherine V.W. Stone

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Judges, Prosecutors, Jurors, And Organized Labor: Four Perspectives Of Corporate Citizenship, Noel Beasley, Janine P. Geske, Valerie P. Hans, E. Michael Mccann, Frank Daily

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Some people argue that the civil jury is in decline. They argue that it's not really so important to be focusing on jurors and jurors' views about corporate responsibility as it might have been in prior times. I want to raise some arguments in favor of the continuing importance of the civil jury. First of all, the cases that juries try may be very important cases in terms of the company and in terms of the role of the company vis-a-vis government regulation. Jurors are symbolic representatives of the public in the courtroom. Finding out what juries do when they …

Unemployment Compensation And Older Workers, Christopher J. O'Leary, Stephen A. Wandner

Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Re Queens County Residential Services Inc And Cupe, Loc 3373 (White), Innis Christie

Innis Christie Collection

Employee grievance dated February 15, 1999, alleging breach of Article 18.01 of the Collective Agreement between the Employer and the Union effective October 1, 1998 - March 31, 2002, in that the Employer did not credit the Grievor with service, and conse­quently vacation entitlement, during periods she was on maternity and parental leaves. The Union requested an order that the Grievor be credited with full service and vacation entitlement retroactively to her date of hire, June 5, 1990.

Re Canada Post Corp And Cupw (105-95-00468), Innis Christie

Innis Christie Collection

The Union claims that in the Employer's measurement of two "buddy" routes, values are missing. In response to the grievance, the Employer promised to add in the missing values, but the Union submits that no such adjustments have been made to the routes in issue, nor to others brought up with the Route Measurement Officers.

The Arbitrator awards that terms agreed upon by the parties shall be met, namely, that the Superintendent of Route Measurement shall re-run the data on three disputed routes. If any of the routes "busts" the Employer will make retroactive adjustments. If any route does not …

Re Canada Post Corp And Cupw (105-95-00491), Innis Christie

Innis Christie Collection

The Union claims that the Employer has breached the Agreement by failing to complete forms to reflect waiting times for two motorized routes. In response to an internal grievance, the Employer stated that the Union was mistaken; that time was allotted for waiting.

The grievance fails. While it may be logical that waiting time should be structured into these routes since it is the norm, the clear words of the Carrier Route Measurement Manual indicate that there is no waiting time on relays, and the Arbitrator cannot override the manual. The Employer's response to the Union was certainly in error, …

Re District Health Authority #8 And Nsnu, Innis Christie

Innis Christie Collection

Union grievance dated June 27, 2000, alleging breach of Article 9.02(d) of the Collective Agreement between the Employer and the Union effective November 1, 1997 - October 31, 2000, in that after employees go on extended sick leave the Employer continues to reduce the sick leave credits in their sick leave banks by 100 per cent instead of 75 per cent for each hour they would otherwise have worked. The Union requested an order that sick leave credits reduced contrary to the Collective Agreement be restored to each employee's sick leave bank.

The Attachment Gap: Employment Discrimination Law, Women's Cultural Caregiving, And The Limits Of Economic And Liberal Legal Theory, Laura T. Kessler

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Title VII has prohibited employment discrimination on the basis of pregnancy since 1978, when Congress passed the Pregnancy Discrimination Act ("PDA"), but it does not require employers to recognize women's caregiving obligations beyond the immediate, physical events of pregnancy and childbirth. The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 ("FMLA ") also does little more than provide job security to some relatively privileged women in the case of childbirth. Neither of these statutes, which constitute the bulk of the United States' maternity and parental leave policies, provides for the most common employment leave needs of caregivers, who by all measures …

Research To Practice: Effective Customer Service Delivery In Employment Support: Finding A Common Ground Between Guided And Self-Directed Service Delivery, Institute For Community Inclusion, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Research to Practice Series, Institute for Community Inclusion

An ICI study analyzed the experiences of individuals who successfully found jobs through agencies and discovered five characteristics of effective employment services. This brief describes guided and self-directed approaches and provides recommendations for agency staff.

Stock Market Volatility And 401 (K) Plans, Colleen E. Medill

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Many workers today depend on their 401(k) plan to provide them with an adequate income during retirement. For these workers to achieve retirement income security, their 401(k) plan investments must perform well over their working lifetime. Employers' selection of investment options for the 401(k) plan, a fiduciary duty under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), plays a critical role in determining investment performance. In this Article, Professor Medill uses a series of hypothetical litigation scenarios to illustrate how interpretation of the employer's duty of prudence and duty of loyalty under ERISA present different policy choices for the …

The Little Guy Myth: The Fair Act's Victimization Of Small Business, Melissa A. Peters

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Re Nav Canada And Catca (Barnes), Innis Christie

Innis Christie Collection

Union grievance on behalf of the Grievor alleging breach of the Collective Agreement between NAV Canada and the Canadian Air Traffic Control Association, signed September, 1999, effective to March 31, 2001, which the parties agreed is the Collective Agreement that governs this matter, and in particular of Article 13, in that the Employer suspended the Grievor for one day without just cause.

Vol. 18, No. 2, Joel A. D'Alba

The Illinois Public Employee Relations Report

Contents:

How Do Civil Service Disciplinary Hearings and Labor Arbitration of Discipline Cases Co-exist?, by Joel A. D'Alba

Recent Developments, by the Student Editorial Board

Further References, compiled by Margaret A. Chaplan

A Shield, Not A Sword: Involuntary Leave Under The Family And Medical Leave Act, Megan E. Blomquist

Washington Law Review

Under the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA), covered employers must grant an eligible employee's request for up to twelve weeks of unpaid leave to care for a new baby or an ill family member, or to accommodate the employee's own serious health condition. The statute prohibits employers from interfering with, restraining, or denying an employee's right to FMLA leave. Neither the statute itself nor its regulations directly address the practice of involuntary leave, a term that has been used to describe instances where an employer designates the leave of a qualifying employee as FMLA leave without an …

21st Annual Conference On Legal Issues For Financial Institutions, Office Of Continuing Legal Education At The University Of Kentucky College Of Law

Continuing Legal Education Materials

Materials from the 21st Annual Conference on Legal Issues For Financial Institutions held by UK/CLE in April of 2001.

Global Governance, Legal Pluralism And The Decentered State: A Labor Law Critique Of Codes Of Corporate Conduct, Adelle Blackett

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

No abstract provided.

The Family Medical Leave Act: State Sovereignty And The Narrowing Of Fourteenth Amendment Protection, Stephanie C. Bovee

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Your Dna Is Your Resume: How Inadequate Protection Of Genetic Information Perpetuates Employment Discrimination

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Two Wrongs Do Not Make A Defense: Eliminating The Equal-Opportunity-Harasser Defense, Shylah Miles

Washington Law Review

Sexual harassment is a prevalent problem in the American workplace that accounts for nearly sixty-four percent of all gender discrimination claims under Title VII. The equal-opportunity-harasser defense allows harassers who target both males and females to escape liability. Courts have allowed the defense because they have interpreted the "because of sex" element of a sexual harassment claim to require disparate treatment or a showing that the plaintiffs would not have been harassed if they were members of the opposite sex. An equal-opportunity harasser harasses both sexes and, therefore, plaintiffs cannot prove disparate treatment. This Comment argues that the disparate-treatment requirement …

Collaborative Problem-Solving Responsive To Diverse Learning Styles: Labor Law As An Active Learning Experience, Jeffrey A. Van Detta

North Carolina Central Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Cash Balance Controversy Revisited: Age Discrimination And Fidelity To Statutory Text, Edward A. Zelinsky

Articles

No abstract provided.

Bridging The Gap Between Work And Family: Accomplishing The Goals Of The Family And Medical Leave Act Of 1993, Emily A. Hayes

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Whose Motive Matters? Discrimination In Multi-Actor Employment Decision Making, Rebecca H. White, Linda Hamilton Krieger

Scholarly Works

The search for a discriminatory motive in disparate treatment cases often is envisioned as an attempt to determine whether a supervisor, despite his denials, consciously acted out of bias, animus or on the basis of “inaccurate and stigmatizing stereotypes” in making an employment decision. Framing the search for discriminatory motive is this way, however, cannot prove fully effective in eliminating discrimination, as individuals may be unaware of their own biases or the influences those biases have had on their own decision making.

The reality of decision making in the employment area, moreover, is that multiple individuals are often involved in …

Section 1983, The First Amendment, And Public Employee Speech: Shaping The Right To Fit The Remedy (And Vice Versa), Michael Wells

Scholarly Works

This Article is not about theories of free speech and how they bear on the public employment context, nor does it contribute to the academic debate over what the aims of public employee speech law ought to be. I take the Court at its word when it says that its aim is to give substantial weight to both the value of speech and the government's interest as an employer. Unlike Massaro and Ingber, I take it as a given that the government may insist on hierarchy and obedience to authority in the workplace. Unlike Rosenthal, I begin from the Court's …