Internet Law | Open Access Articles | Digital Commons Network™

Comments: Trending: Proportionality In Electronic Discovery In Common Law Countries And The United States' Federal And State Courts, Laura Hunt

University of Baltimore Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Sharing Stupid $H*T With Friends And Followers: The First Amendment Rights Of College Athletes To Use Social Media, Mary Margaret Meg Penrose

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Cold War Of Cyber Espionage, Elizabeth Hanford

Public Interest Law Reporter

No abstract provided.

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Setting The Tipping Point For Disclosing The Identity Of Anonymous Online Speakers: Lessons From Other Disclosure Contexts, Helen Norton

Publications

At what point should anonymous online speakers alleged to have engaged in defamatory, threatening, or other unprotected and illegal speech be required to “unmask” themselves – i.e., to disclose their identities? Courts confronted with such questions have proposed a variety of tests that seek to determine the point – I’ll call this the tipping point – at which they become sufficiently confident that disclosure’s accountability gains justify the unmasking of an anonymous online speaker. This essay suggests that an intradisciplinary approach may be helpful when choosing among these alternative tests. To this end, it recalls parallel disclosure challenges in campaign, …

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Teenage Crowdfunding, Andrew A. Schwartz

Publications

Teenage startups are in the public interest and should be encouraged, yet the federal CARD Act of 2009 eliminated credit card financing for many such companies, cutting off an important source of early-stage business capital for teenage entrepreneurs. Since then, however, Congress passed the CROWDFUND Act of 2012 which will allow teenagers to raise early-stage financing through Internet crowdfunding. Teens, being masters of the Internet, are well positioned to exploit this new opportunity, with the upshot being that securities crowdfunding may become an important way for youthful entrepreneurs to fund their business dreams.

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Friends Of Justice: Does Social Media Impact The Public Perception Of The Justice System?, Nicola A. Boothe-Perry

Journal Publications

Lawyers have long been recognized as being necessary in the effective functioning of an ordered society in roles as both officers of the court and, more broadly, as officers of the system of justice. In 2014, the ABA Task Force on the Future of Legal Education report noted that "[s]ociety has a deep interest in the competence of lawyers, in their availability to serve society and clients, in the broad public role they can play, and in their professional values." Values such as those noted in the Model Rules of Professional Conduct (advisor, counselor, and advocate) are instrumental in the …

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Finding The Signal In The Noise: Information Governance, Analytics, And The Future Of Legal Practice, Bennett B. Borden, Jason R. Baron

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

In the watershed year of 2012, the world of law witnessed the first concrete discussion of how predictive analytics may be used to make legal practice more efficient. That the conversation about the use of predictive analytics has emerged out of the e-Discovery sector of the law is not all that surprising: in the last decade and with increasing force since 2006— with the passage of revised Federal Rules of Civil Procedure that expressly took into account the fact that lawyers must confront “electronically stored information” in all its varieties—there has been a growing recognition among courts and commentators that …

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Legislating Trust, John D. Gregory

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

As governments in Canada and elsewhere have considered statutes to ensure that electronic communications are legally effective, they have invariably had to face questions about the reliability of those communications. Can we trust electronic messages, documents, and signatures? Are they the same in law as if they were on paper? What conditions should be imposed in order to give us the right assurances that we can trust them? To answer these questions properly, we need to understand the nature of “trust” and the extent to which legislation can be a source of it, and what other sources should be enlisted …

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Understanding And Contextualizing Precedents In E-Discovery: The Illusion Of Stare Decisis And Best Practices To Avoid Reliance On Outdated Guidance, Jonathan M. Redgrave, Keltie Hays Peay, Mathea K.E. Bulander

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

But as precedents survive like the clavicle in the cat, long after the use they once served is at an end, and the reason for them has been forgotten, the result of following them must often be failure and confusion from the merely logical point of view.

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Cover Letter, Laura M. Bedson

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

The Richmond Journal of Law and Technology is pleased to present the first issue of the Twenty-First Volume. With its first publication in 1995, JOLT became the world’s first law review to be published exclusively online. It was with that original publication that JOLT established itself as one of the leading publications in the legal technology field. Today, JOLT has continued the bold tradition of publishing articles to further scholarship in areas of new and emerging fields that fall at the intersection of technology and the law.

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Clapper V. Amnesty International And Data Privacy Litigation: Is A Change To The Law “Certainly Impending”?, John L. Jacobus, Benjamin B. Watson

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

On December 19, 2013, the retailer Target announced that unauthorized third parties had gained access to its customer payment information. While Target originally estimated that the security breach affected 40 million of its customers, a subsequent investigation revealed that anywhere from 70 to 110 million people—almost one in three Americans—may have had their sensitive payment information stolen. In response, the retailer offered free credit monitoring services and assured affected customers that they would not be responsible for fraudulent charges made with their payment information.

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Using Internet Artifacts To Profile A Child Pornography Suspect, Kathryn C. Seigfried-Spellar, Marcus K. Rogers

Faculty Publications

Digital evidence plays a crucial role in child pornography investigations. However, in the following case study, the authors argue that the behavioral analysis or “profiling” of digital evidence can also play a vital role in child pornography investigations. The following case study assessed the Internet Browsing History (Internet Explorer Bookmarks, Mozilla Bookmarks, and Mozilla History) from a suspected child pornography user’s computer. The suspect in this case claimed to be conducting an ad hoc law enforcement investigation. After the URLs were classified (Neutral; Adult Porn; Child Porn; Adult Dating sites; Pictures from Social Networking Profiles; Chat Sessions; Bestiality; Data Cleaning; …

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The Right To Be Forgotten: Who Decides What The World Forgets?, Patricia Sánchez Abril, Jacqueline D. Lipton

Kentucky Law Journal

In May 2014, the Court of Justice for the European Union ("CJEU") surprised the global cyber law community by holding that search engines like Google are "controllers" of the processing of personal data under the European Union Data Protection Directive. This means that they are obliged in some circumstances to remove links from search results that pertain to information that infringes on an individual's rights under the Directive. This obligation has come to be referred to as an aspect of a digital "right to be forgotten." The search results in question related to a mortgage sale of property in a …

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Federalism In The Financing Of 911 Emergency Call Services: Nature Of The Federal-State Funding Arrangement To Finance Next Generation 911 Services, James E. Holloway, Elaine Seeman, James Kleckley

Journal of Law, Technology, & the Internet

No abstract provided.

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Antiquity Meets The Modern Age: Ebay's Potential Criminal Liability For Counterfeit And Stolen International Antiquity Sales, Jennifer Anglim Kreder, Jason Nintrup

Journal of Law, Technology, & the Internet

No abstract provided.

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Legal Phantoms In Cyberspace: The Problematic Status Of Information As A Weapon And A Target Under International Humanitarian Law, Jack M. Beard

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Reports of state-sponsored harmful cyber intrusions abound. The prevailing view among academics holds that if the effects or consequences of such intrusions are sufficiently damaging, international humanitarian law (IHL) should generally govern them--and recourse to armed force may also be justified against states responsible for these actions under the jus ad bellum. This Article argues, however, that there are serious problems and perils in relying on analogies with physical armed force to extend these legal regimes to most events in cyberspace. Armed conflict models applied to the use of information as a weapon and a target are instead likely to …

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Trademark Protection In The New Internet Age: Template For Successful Legal Rights Objections In The Gtld Revolution, Kate Dolinska

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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The "Dot" Times They Are A-Changin': How New Generic Top Level Domains (Gtlds) Will Change Consumer Perception About The Internet, Eric J. Shimanoff

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Arbitration And The Contract Exchange, Andrew A. Schwartz

Publications

A contract exchange, defined as an organized marketplace for the creation or trading of specific contracts, provides benefits to its members as well as the public at large. But legal disputes can arise on contract exchanges, just as they do anywhere else, and those disputes can be litigated, mediated, arbitrated, or resolved in some other way. This Essay claims that arbitration, rather than litigation, is a particularly useful and appropriate means for resolving exchange-related disputes, and that this is true not only for traditional contract exchanges, like the Chicago Board of Trade, but also for online "consumer contract exchanges," such …

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Failing Expectations: Fourth Amendment Doctrine In The Era Of Total Surveillance, Olivier Sylvain

Faculty Scholarship

Today’s reasonable expectation test and the third-party doctrine have little to nothing to offer by way of privacy protection if users today are at least conflicted about whether transactional noncontent data should be shared with third parties, including law enforcement officials. This uncertainty about how to define public expectation as a descriptive matter has compelled courts to defer to legislatures to find out what public expectation ought to be more as a matter of prudence than doctrine. Courts and others presume that legislatures are far better than courts at defining public expectations about emergent technologies.This Essay argues that the reasonable …

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Warrant Canaries Beyond The First Amendment: A Comment, Jonathon Penney

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

Warrant canaries have emerged as an intriguing tool for Internet companies to provide some measure of transparency for users while also complying with national security laws. Though there is at least a reasonable argument for the legality of warrant canaries in the U.S. based primarily on First Amendment "compelled speech" doctrine, the same cannot be said for the use of warrant canaries in other "Five Eyes” intelligence agency countries — United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia — where the legality of warrant canaries has yet to be examined in either cases or scholarship. This comment, which provides an overview …

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From Google To Tolstoy Bot: Should The First Amendment Protect Speech Generated By Algorithms?, Margot Kaminski

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Regulating The Internet Of Things: First Steps Toward Managing Discrimination, Privacy, Security, And Consent, Scott R. Peppet

Publications

The consumer "Internet of Things" is suddenly reality, not science fiction. Electronic sensors are now ubiquitous in our smartphones, cars, homes, electric systems, health-care devices, fitness monitors, and workplaces. These connected, sensor-based devices create new types and unprecedented quantities of detailed, high-quality information about our everyday actions, habits, personalities, and preferences. Much of this undoubtedly increases social welfare. For example, insurers can price automobile coverage more accurately by using sensors to measure exactly how you drive (e.g., Progressive 's Snapshot system), which should theoretically lower the overall cost of insurance. But the Internet of Things raises new and difficult questions …

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The Oecd's Flawed And Dated Approach To Computer Servers Creating Permanent Establishments, Monica Gianni

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

As the digital economy changes the way that we do business, tax laws have been challenged to adapt appropriately to this nontraditional business method. International tax rules were developed in a different technological era. To accommodate electronic commerce, existing tax rules either have to be applied to electronic-commerce transactions, or new rules have to be developed. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has taken the lead in studying and recommending appropriate international taxation rules for electronic commerce. This Article focuses on the original central tax issue that the OECD considered--jurisdiction to tax income from electronic commerce based on …

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After Search Neutrality: Drawing A Line Between Promotion And Demotion, Daniel A. Crane

Articles

The Federal Trade Commission's (“FTC” or “the commission”) January 3, 2013 decision to close its longstanding investigation of Google1 brings to a close a flurry of discussion over the possibility that Google could become subject to a “search neutrality” principle in the United States. Although the Commission found against Google on several grounds, it rejected petitions from Google's critics to create a search neutrality principle as a matter of antitrust law. This essay briefly analyzes what remains of U.S. antitrust scrutiny of Internet search bias after the Google settlement. In particular, it suggests that a sensible line can be drawn …

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Locality V. Online Travel Company: Does The Bell Finally Toll For Quill Corp. V. North Dakota, Jaan Rannik

Journal of Business & Technology Law

No abstract provided.

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Give Me Internet Or Give Me Death: Analyzing The Constitutionality Of Internet Restrictions As A Condition Of Supervised Release For Child Pornography Offenders, Laura Tatelman

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note argues that blanket bans on internet and internet-capable devices as a condition of supervised release for child pornography offenders are unconstitutional under the doctrine of unconstitutional conditions. These bans infringe on fundamental liberties such as speech, association, and access to information, disproportionately affecting offenders’ ability to reintegrate into society. The analysis advocates for a balanced approach that prioritizes public safety while respecting constitutional rights, suggesting alternatives like supervised release rather than outright internet prohibition.

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Fan Fiction And Canadian Copyright Law: Defending Fan Narratives In The Wake Of Canada's Copyright Reforms, Rebecca Katz

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

Amateur, non-commercial writing based on contemporary copyrighted works — “fan fiction” — is a practice that is worth defending despite its unclear status vis a vis copyright law. In this article, I assess how Canadian fan authors may defend their works using Canadian copyright law. I argue that the recent copyright reforms are promising for fan and other second generation creators. The new fair dealing categories of parody and satire are positive steps, though the broad and technologically neutral non-commercial user-generated content provi-sion may be the most promising reform of all. I begin with an exploration of the benefits of …

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Atteinte À La Vie Privée Et Publicité Comportementale, Virginie Blanchette-Séguin

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

Le présent texte aura pour objet les questions relatives à la vie privée que soulève la publicité comportementale et le suivi des activités des individus qu’elle implique par définition. Pour ce faire, nous délimiterons d’abord le spectre du droit à la vie privée en droit québécois dans ce contexte (I.) et nous poursuivrons selon une approche plus critique en nous prononçant sur les différents arguments pouvant être soulevés quant à l’absence d’une perception humaine dans une violation potentielle du droit à la vie privée (II.)

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A Fork In The Stream: The Unjustified Failure Of The Concurrence In J. Mcintyre Machinery Ltd. V. Nicastro To Clarify The Stream Of Commerce Doctrine, Cody Jacobs

Faculty Scholarship

A foreign manufacturer sells a product to an American distributor in State A, who then resells the product to an American consumer in State B. The consumer is injured by the product and attempts to sue the foreign manufacturer in State B. Can State B exercise personal jurisdiction over the manufacturer? This deceptively simple and seemingly common question, and related questions involving the socalled "stream of commerce," has fractured the United States Supreme Court for over twenty years, leaving consumers, manufacturers, and distributors unsure of their rights and potential liabilities. This Article focuses on a recent missed opportunity the Court …

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Full-Text Articles in Internet Law

Comments: Trending: Proportionality In Electronic Discovery In Common Law Countries And The United States' Federal And State Courts, Laura Hunt

University of Baltimore Law Review

Sharing Stupid $H*T With Friends And Followers: The First Amendment Rights Of College Athletes To Use Social Media, Mary Margaret Meg Penrose

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

The Cold War Of Cyber Espionage, Elizabeth Hanford

Public Interest Law Reporter

Setting The Tipping Point For Disclosing The Identity Of Anonymous Online Speakers: Lessons From Other Disclosure Contexts, Helen Norton

Publications

Teenage Crowdfunding, Andrew A. Schwartz

Publications

Friends Of Justice: Does Social Media Impact The Public Perception Of The Justice System?, Nicola A. Boothe-Perry

Journal Publications

Finding The Signal In The Noise: Information Governance, Analytics, And The Future Of Legal Practice, Bennett B. Borden, Jason R. Baron

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

Legislating Trust, John D. Gregory

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

Understanding And Contextualizing Precedents In E-Discovery: The Illusion Of Stare Decisis And Best Practices To Avoid Reliance On Outdated Guidance, Jonathan M. Redgrave, Keltie Hays Peay, Mathea K.E. Bulander

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

Cover Letter, Laura M. Bedson

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

Clapper V. Amnesty International And Data Privacy Litigation: Is A Change To The Law “Certainly Impending”?, John L. Jacobus, Benjamin B. Watson

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

Using Internet Artifacts To Profile A Child Pornography Suspect, Kathryn C. Seigfried-Spellar, Marcus K. Rogers

Faculty Publications

The Right To Be Forgotten: Who Decides What The World Forgets?, Patricia Sánchez Abril, Jacqueline D. Lipton

Kentucky Law Journal

Federalism In The Financing Of 911 Emergency Call Services: Nature Of The Federal-State Funding Arrangement To Finance Next Generation 911 Services, James E. Holloway, Elaine Seeman, James Kleckley

Journal of Law, Technology, & the Internet

Antiquity Meets The Modern Age: Ebay's Potential Criminal Liability For Counterfeit And Stolen International Antiquity Sales, Jennifer Anglim Kreder, Jason Nintrup

Journal of Law, Technology, & the Internet

Legal Phantoms In Cyberspace: The Problematic Status Of Information As A Weapon And A Target Under International Humanitarian Law, Jack M. Beard

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Trademark Protection In The New Internet Age: Template For Successful Legal Rights Objections In The Gtld Revolution, Kate Dolinska

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

The "Dot" Times They Are A-Changin': How New Generic Top Level Domains (Gtlds) Will Change Consumer Perception About The Internet, Eric J. Shimanoff

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

Arbitration And The Contract Exchange, Andrew A. Schwartz

Publications

Failing Expectations: Fourth Amendment Doctrine In The Era Of Total Surveillance, Olivier Sylvain

Faculty Scholarship

Warrant Canaries Beyond The First Amendment: A Comment, Jonathon Penney

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

From Google To Tolstoy Bot: Should The First Amendment Protect Speech Generated By Algorithms?, Margot Kaminski

Publications

Regulating The Internet Of Things: First Steps Toward Managing Discrimination, Privacy, Security, And Consent, Scott R. Peppet

Publications

The Oecd's Flawed And Dated Approach To Computer Servers Creating Permanent Establishments, Monica Gianni

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

After Search Neutrality: Drawing A Line Between Promotion And Demotion, Daniel A. Crane

Articles

Locality V. Online Travel Company: Does The Bell Finally Toll For Quill Corp. V. North Dakota, Jaan Rannik

Journal of Business & Technology Law

Give Me Internet Or Give Me Death: Analyzing The Constitutionality Of Internet Restrictions As A Condition Of Supervised Release For Child Pornography Offenders, Laura Tatelman

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

Fan Fiction And Canadian Copyright Law: Defending Fan Narratives In The Wake Of Canada's Copyright Reforms, Rebecca Katz

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

Atteinte À La Vie Privée Et Publicité Comportementale, Virginie Blanchette-Séguin

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

A Fork In The Stream: The Unjustified Failure Of The Concurrence In J. Mcintyre Machinery Ltd. V. Nicastro To Clarify The Stream Of Commerce Doctrine, Cody Jacobs

Faculty Scholarship