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Articles 1 - 30 of 52
Full-Text Articles in Internet Law
Infringing Information Architectures, Michael Goodyear
Infringing Information Architectures, Michael Goodyear
Articles & Chapters
Information architectures—systems that facilitate storing and sharing data and content—underpin daily life, from streaming sites like Netflix and Hulu to social media platforms like Instagram and TikTok. Since the printing press, these systems and their novel features have challenged the bounds of copyright law, leading to accusations that providers and users directly infringe others’ copyrights. Almost fifty years ago, however, a largely unexplored paradigm shift occurred. Copyright owners started to allege that information architecture providers should be broadly secondarily liable for all their users’ infringements. These claims, which this Article terms architectural infringement claims, pose an acute challenge to the …
Intimate Images And Authors’ Rights: Non- Consensual Disclosure And The Copyright Disconnect, Meghan Sali
Intimate Images And Authors’ Rights: Non- Consensual Disclosure And The Copyright Disconnect, Meghan Sali
Canadian Journal of Law and Technology
This article responds to a brand of legal realpolitik that says using property law to respond to the non-consensual distribution of intimate images (NCDII) is appropriate and even necessary, because its remedial frameworks are well developed and provide the relief that is often most sought after by targets of an assault: the immediate removal of photos from online platforms. While some targets are not considered the ‘‘authors’’ of their intimate images, most of the images that are the subject of NCDII are selfies, taken by the target themselves. In these cases, that person rightfully owns the copyright in those images …
Boss Battle: Twitch Vs Proposed Amendments To The Knowledge Standard Under The Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Zachary Messick
Boss Battle: Twitch Vs Proposed Amendments To The Knowledge Standard Under The Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Zachary Messick
Georgia Journal of Law & Technology
Under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), indirect theories of liability such as vicarious liability and contributory infringement have been inconsistently applied, leading the Copyright Office to recommend lowering the knowledge standard and increasing potential liability for Online Service Providers (OSPs). In this note, I will discuss the histories of vicarious liability and contributory infringement, which demonstrate that courts have correctly applied the standards under the DMCA. Further, through a case-study of Twitch, an up-and-coming streaming website, I will discuss how the proposed amendments drive against the policies underlying the indirect theories of liability and would destroy OSPs like Twitch. …
Reaching Through The “Ghost Doxer:” An Argument For Imposing Secondary Liability On Online Intermediaries, Natalia Homchick
Reaching Through The “Ghost Doxer:” An Argument For Imposing Secondary Liability On Online Intermediaries, Natalia Homchick
Washington and Lee Law Review
Imagine you have decided to run for office, to speak out publicly against an injustice, to enter the job market, or even to join a new online forum. Now, imagine after starting your chosen endeavor, you go online to discover that someone who disagrees with your position posted your personal information on the internet and called for others to harass you. To make matters worse, you realize that you cannot determine who posted your personal data. You have been doxed. Because you cannot identify the person who posted your information, where can you turn for recourse? The next logical party …
Requiem For Cyberspace: The Effect Of The European General Privacy Regulation On The Global Internet, Steven Tapia
Requiem For Cyberspace: The Effect Of The European General Privacy Regulation On The Global Internet, Steven Tapia
Seattle University Law Review
The dream of a perpetual, limitless, non-dimensional space is an idea that has transfixed clergy, philosophers, and poets for ages. Whether it is called “heaven,” “the afterlife,” “nirvana,” or another linguistic stand-in, the dream of a dimension beyond the bounds of time, space, and the laws of nature seems as universal as any concept ever. From its initial development in the 1970s (as a military, academic, and governmental experiment in creating a wholly alternative means of communication capable of surviving catastrophic failures of any parts of the communications conduits) until essentially now, the Internet seemed to be the closest incarnate …
From Innovation To Abuse: Does The Internet Still Need Section 230 Immunity?, Benjamin Volpe
From Innovation To Abuse: Does The Internet Still Need Section 230 Immunity?, Benjamin Volpe
Catholic University Law Review
In 1996, Congress passed the Communications Decency Act to allow the screening of offensive material from the internet, while preserving the continued development of the internet economy without burdensome regulation. However, for years, online intermediaries have successfully used the Act as a shield from liability when third parties use their online services to commit tortious or criminal acts. This Comment argues that a wholly-unregulated internet is no longer necessary to preserve the once-fledgling internet economy. After evaluating various approaches to intermediary liability, this Comment also argues that Congress should take a more comprehensive look at consumer protection online and establish …
Privacy And Legal Automation: The Dmca As A Case Study, Jonathon Penney
Privacy And Legal Automation: The Dmca As A Case Study, Jonathon Penney
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
Advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, computing capacity, and big data analytics are creating exciting new possibilities for legal automation. At the same time, these changes pose serious risks for civil liberties and other societal interests. Yet, existing scholarship is narrow, leaving uncertainty on a range of issues, including a glaring lack of systematic empirical work as to how legal automation may impact people’s privacy and freedom. This article addresses this gap with an original empirical analysis of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), which today sits at the forefront of algorithmic law due to its automated enforcement of copyright …
Music Modernization And The Labyrinth Of Streaming, Mary Lafrance
Music Modernization And The Labyrinth Of Streaming, Mary Lafrance
Scholarly Works
The shift from record sales to music streaming has revolutionized the music industry. The federal copyright regime, which is rooted in a system of economic rewards based largely on sales, has been slow to adapt. This has impaired the ability of copyright law to channel appropriate royalties to songwriters, music publishers, and recording artists when the streaming of their works displaces record sales. The Orrin G. Hatch-Bob Goodlatte Music Modernization Act of 2018 addresses some of the most significant flaws in the current system. At the same time, it creates significant ambiguities and leaves some existing issues unresolved.
The Struggle Over Webcasting--Where Is The Stream Carrying Us?, Susan A. Russell
The Struggle Over Webcasting--Where Is The Stream Carrying Us?, Susan A. Russell
Oklahoma Journal of Law and Technology
No abstract provided.
Shifting The Burden To Internet Service Providers: The Validity Of Subpoena Power Under The Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Matt Sellers
Shifting The Burden To Internet Service Providers: The Validity Of Subpoena Power Under The Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Matt Sellers
Oklahoma Journal of Law and Technology
No abstract provided.
Towards An Effective Regime Against Online Copyright Infringement In India, Ashwin Ramakrishnan
Towards An Effective Regime Against Online Copyright Infringement In India, Ashwin Ramakrishnan
LLM Theses
With Internet usage on the rise, it is important for India to establish an effective regulatory regime to combat piracy and mass copyright infringement online. This thesis argues that, in the face of unique legal and cultural challenges specific to India, present laws in the country have failed to do so. Unless and until these challenges are met it will be difficult to have an effective mechanism that deals with online copyright infringement. Countries like the United States, Canada, Ireland, and France have all adopted different regulatory models. However, this thesis argues that each not only have significant limitations on …
Internet Surveillance, Regulation, And Chilling Effects Online: A Comparative Case Study, Jonathon Penney
Internet Surveillance, Regulation, And Chilling Effects Online: A Comparative Case Study, Jonathon Penney
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
With internet regulation and censorship on the rise, states increasingly engaging in online surveillance, and state cyber-policing capabilities rapidly evolving globally, concerns about regulatory “chilling effects” online — the idea that laws, regulations, or state surveillance can deter people from exercising their freedoms or engaging in legal activities on the internet have taken on greater urgency and public importance. But just as notions of “chilling effects” are not new, neither is skepticism about their legal, theoretical, and empirical basis; in fact, the concept remains largely un-interrogated with significant gaps in understanding, particularly with respect to chilling effects online. This work …
Internet Surveillance, Regulation, And Chilling Effects Online: A Comparative Case Study, Jonathon Penney
Internet Surveillance, Regulation, And Chilling Effects Online: A Comparative Case Study, Jonathon Penney
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
With internet regulation and censorship on the rise, states increasingly engaging in online surveillance, and state cyber-policing capabilities rapidly evolving globally, concerns about regulatory “chilling effects” online — the idea that laws, regulations, or state surveillance can deter people from exercising their freedoms or engaging in legal activities on the internet have taken on greater urgency and public importance. But just as notions of “chilling effects” are not new, neither is skepticism about their legal, theoretical, and empirical basis; in fact, the concept remains largely un-interrogated with significant gaps in understanding, particularly with respect to chilling effects online. This work …
You(Tube), Me, And Content Id: Paving The Way For Compulsory Synchronization Licensing On User-Generated Content Platforms, Nicholas Thomas Delisa
You(Tube), Me, And Content Id: Paving The Way For Compulsory Synchronization Licensing On User-Generated Content Platforms, Nicholas Thomas Delisa
Brooklyn Law Review
The changing landscape of digital media technology makes it increasingly difficult for owners of copyrighted music to monitor how their works are being exploited across the Internet. This is especially true of user-generated content (UGC) platforms—websites and applications such as Facebook, YouTube, and Snapchat, where content is created or uploaded predominantly by users. These services pose a special problem to copyright owners because, instead of content being uploaded from a single source that is easily sued and has deep pockets, content is uploaded by users. Users are a troublesome group because they are innumerable, sometimes anonymous, and mostly click on …
Copyright Law And The Internet: The New Generation Of Legal Battles In The Courts, Catherine Pignataro
Copyright Law And The Internet: The New Generation Of Legal Battles In The Courts, Catherine Pignataro
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Copyright And Social Media: A Tale Of Legislative Abdication, Diane Leenheer Zimmerman
Copyright And Social Media: A Tale Of Legislative Abdication, Diane Leenheer Zimmerman
Pace Law Review
The focus of this article will be on what I call DMCA 2.0. It will begin by discussing the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) and why that statute, passed in 1998 to shore up the enforceability of copyright online by protecting content providers’ ability to engage in forms of technological self-help against online copyright infringers, has been problematic. Part II describes largely unsuccessful efforts in the form of statutes and trade agreements to shore up the DMCA. Part III turns to the latest salvo, the adoption of “voluntary agreements” whereby content owners and ISPs, in particular social media platforms, join …
Danger In The Dmca Safe Harbors: The Need To Narrow What Constitutes Red Flag Knowledge, Hank Fisher
Danger In The Dmca Safe Harbors: The Need To Narrow What Constitutes Red Flag Knowledge, Hank Fisher
Law Student Publications
This comment considers recent cases interpreting the Digital Millennium Copyright Act ("DMCA") and urges Congress to expand the protection of service providers through the DMCA safe harbors. The comment proceeds in six parts. Part I explains contributory and vicarious liability, the applicable sections of the DMCA to this comment, and the fair use doctrine. Part II provides a brief overview of video-sharing websites. It further observes the impact that video-sharing websites have had on digital media, focusing on the impact on the music industry. Part III looks at the recent cases interpreting the DMCA's red flag exception to safe harbor …
Danger In The Dmca Safe Harbors: The Need To Narrow What Constitutes Red Flag Knowledge, Hank Fisher
Danger In The Dmca Safe Harbors: The Need To Narrow What Constitutes Red Flag Knowledge, Hank Fisher
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
Is Internet Radio “Livin' On A Prayer”? With New Legislation, It “Will Make It, I Swear”, Kelsey Schulz
Is Internet Radio “Livin' On A Prayer”? With New Legislation, It “Will Make It, I Swear”, Kelsey Schulz
The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law
This Comment discusses whether the IRFA would be the appropriate solution to the inequities in current copyright law as it pertains to digital music. Part I of this Comment will provide a more in-depth discussion of the history of copyright law and music distribution. It will examine the implications of the 1971 Sound Recording Act, the 1976 Copyright Act, and the Digital Performance Right in Sound Recordings Act of 1995. Part II will provide a critique of the current state of the law, including a look at the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 and its effects on the respective …
Don't Tread On Me: The Need For An Alternate Dispute Resolution Process For The Creators And Uploaders Of User-Generated Content, Scott A. Tarbell
Don't Tread On Me: The Need For An Alternate Dispute Resolution Process For The Creators And Uploaders Of User-Generated Content, Scott A. Tarbell
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
This article analyzes the current position that UGC site users find themselves in relation to their ability to dispute copyright infringement claims. Part II discusses the introduction and purpose of the DMCA along with the statutory provisions and case law relevant to the subject. Part III covers the underlying issues encumbering the current appeals process for the OSPs as dictated under the DMCA, and why changes are required. Part IV advocates for a new dispute process, one in favor of online alternative dispute resolution (OADR), and explains how this new paradigm would produce more equitable results for UGC site users. …
It’S Time For Revenge Porn To Get A Taste Of Its Own Medicine: An Argument For The Federal Criminalization Of Revenge Porn, Taylor Linkous
It’S Time For Revenge Porn To Get A Taste Of Its Own Medicine: An Argument For The Federal Criminalization Of Revenge Porn, Taylor Linkous
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Throughout history, pornography and technology have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship, each playing a significant role in the growth and widespread success of the other. From the VCR and camcorders to the Polaroid camera and the Internet, the pornography industry has always accelerated the growth of new technologies, paving the way for these new services to be introduced into mainstream society. Most of these new technologies were appealing to creators and consumers of pornography because the new technologies brought an increased sense of privacy. For example, much of the success of the Polaroid camera is said to come from the fact …
Secondary Liability, Isp Immunity, And Incumbent Entrenchment, Marketa Trimble, Salil K. Mehra
Secondary Liability, Isp Immunity, And Incumbent Entrenchment, Marketa Trimble, Salil K. Mehra
Scholarly Works
More than fifteen years have passed since the two major U.S. statutes concerning the secondary liability of Internet service providers were adopted--the Communications Decency Act and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The statutes have been criticized; however, very little of the criticism has come from Internet service providers, who have enjoyed the benefits of generous safe harbors and immunity from suit guaranteed by these statutes. This Article raises the question of whether these statutes contribute to incumbent entrenchment--solidifying the position of the existing Internet service providers to the detriment of potential new entrants. The current laws and industry self-regulation may …
Code Is Law, But Law Is Increasingly Determining The Ethics Of Code: A Comment, Jonathon Penney
Code Is Law, But Law Is Increasingly Determining The Ethics Of Code: A Comment, Jonathon Penney
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
“Code is Law”, the aphorism Larry Lessig popularized, spoke to the importance of computer code as a central regulating force in the Internet age. That remains true, but today, overreaching laws are also increasingly subjugating important social and ethics questions raised by code to the domain of law. Those laws — like the CFAA and DMCA — need to be curtailed or their zealous enforcement reigned; they deter not only legitimate research but also important related social and ethics questions. But researchers must act too: to re-assert control over the social, legal, and ethical direction of their fields. Otherwise, law …
Code Is Law, But Law Is Increasingly Determining The Ethics Of Code: A Comment, Jonathon Penney
Code Is Law, But Law Is Increasingly Determining The Ethics Of Code: A Comment, Jonathon Penney
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
“Code is Law”, the aphorism Larry Lessig popularized, spoke to the importance of computer code as a central regulating force in the Internet age. That remains true, but today, overreaching laws are also increasingly subjugating important social and ethics questions raised by code to the domain of law. Those laws — like the CFAA and DMCA — need to be curtailed or their zealous enforcement reigned; they deter not only legitimate research but also important related social and ethics questions. But researchers must act too: to re-assert control over the social, legal, and ethical direction of their fields. Otherwise, law …
International Covergence On The Need For Third Parties To Become Internet Copyright Police (But Why?), Dennis S. Karjala
International Covergence On The Need For Third Parties To Become Internet Copyright Police (But Why?), Dennis S. Karjala
Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business
No abstract provided.
The Destruction Of An Empire: Will Viacom End Youtube's Reign?, Adam Shatzkes
The Destruction Of An Empire: Will Viacom End Youtube's Reign?, Adam Shatzkes
Touro Law Review
In a pre-Napster world Congress sought to promote theadvancement and development of the Internet. To facilitate this expansion, Congress enacted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act ("DMCA"), which protects internet service providers from copyright infringement liability. Due, in part, to the DMCA, the Internet has expanded beyond Congress' expectations. With the growth of the Internet, however, inequities have been created. YouTube epitomizes these inequities and Viacom's suit highlights the injustices that have been created. The ease with which copyrighted materials are published on the Internet has made it impossible for copyright owners to adequately protect their works. It is time for …
The Future Of Cybertravel: Legal Implications Of The Evasion Of Geolocation, Marketa Trimble
The Future Of Cybertravel: Legal Implications Of The Evasion Of Geolocation, Marketa Trimble
Scholarly Works
Although the Internet is valued by many of its supporters particularly because it both defies and defeats physical borders, these important attributes are now being exposed to attempts by both governments and private entities to impose territorial limits through blocking or permitting access to content by Internet users based on their geographical location—a territorial partitioning of the Internet. One of these attempts, for example, is the recent Stop Online Piracy Act (“SOPA”) proposal in the United States. This article, as opposed to earlier literature on the topic discussing the possible virtues and methods of erecting borders in cyberspace, focuses on …
A ‘Pinteresting’ Question: Is Pinterest Here To Stay? A Study In How Ip Can Help Pinterest Lead A Revolution, Stephanie Chau
A ‘Pinteresting’ Question: Is Pinterest Here To Stay? A Study In How Ip Can Help Pinterest Lead A Revolution, Stephanie Chau
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Bulletin boards and pushpins are archaic. Yet, each day represents a new paradigm for the technologically savvy. Innovators pair old concepts with new functionalities and technology, often achieving groundbreaking results. Digital counterparts for Post-It notes emerged for computers and other wireless devices. Other examples abound. Thus, it is no surprise that pins and boards also have new meaning in the digital age. Credit is due to the founders of Pinterest, a nascent social networking site with a devoted following, for modernizing the pin. As a newer social networking site, Pinterest has experienced unparalleled growth after its inception only a few …
The Google Conundrum: Perpetrator Or Facilitator On The Net? - Forging A Fair Copyright Framework Of Rights, Liability And Responsibility In Response To Search Engine 2.0 - Part Ii: The Google Books Search Project, Warren B. Chik
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
Is Google in its quest for search engine optimization through the creation of new technologies, which not only improves its search algorithms but also refines its search functions for users, doing it in a manner that makes it a perpetrator of primary copyright infringement or an invaluable facilitator for Internet functionality? How should the balance of interests in the treatment of creative works be recalibrated in the face of changes in search engine technology and operations, and the disputes that have arisen within the last decade in the context of the digital age and its needs? Using Google as a …
Busting Blocks: Revisiting 47 U.S.C. § 230 To Address The Lack Of Effective Legal Recourse For Wrongful Inclusion In Spam Filters, Jonathan I. Ezor
Busting Blocks: Revisiting 47 U.S.C. § 230 To Address The Lack Of Effective Legal Recourse For Wrongful Inclusion In Spam Filters, Jonathan I. Ezor
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Consider a company that uses e-mail to conduct a majority of its business, including customer and vendor communication, marketing, and filing official documents. After conducting business in this manner for several years, one day the company discovers that its most recent e-mails were not delivered to recipients using a major Internet Service Provider (“ISP”) because the company was recently listed on an automated block list as a sender of unwanted bulk commercial e-mail (“spam”).