Intellectual Property Law Commons^™

Borrowed Fiction And The Rightful Copyright Position, Viva R. Moffat

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

Works of "borrowed fiction"-unauthorized sequels or retellings of literary works-have long prompted legal, cultural, and social backlash. With respect to copyright disputes, this is because borrowed fiction entails a range of legitimate but conflicting interests. Copyright law has historically elevated the interests of the "original" author over those of other writers and the reading public. Scholars have offered a range of proposals to counter this tendency, but these reforms have focused on the infringement analysis and the fair use doctrine. Each of those, however, involves a binary decision, one that is not amenable to accommodating the conflicting interests at stake. …

The "Dot" Times They Are A-Changin': How New Generic Top Level Domains (Gtlds) Will Change Consumer Perception About The Internet, Eric J. Shimanoff

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Fixing Copyright In Characters: Literary Perspectives On A Legal Problem, Zahr K. Said

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Redigi: How A Characteristics-Based Test Advances The "Digital First Sale" Doctrine Debate, Gregory Capobianco

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Intellectual Property And The Protection Of Indigenous Culture In The United States And New Zealand: An Effective Solution For Indigenous Communities?, Dinisha L. Fernando

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

No abstract provided.

Telran Communications, Ltd. V. Charlton, Ltd., Zvi Zylbertal, Isaac Amit, Elyakim Rubinstein

Translated Opinions

[This abstract is not part of the Court's opinion and is provided for the reader's convenience. It has been translated from a Hebrew version prepared by Nevo Press Ltd. and is used with its kind permission.]

Facts: The Respondent and Cross-Petitioner (hereinafter: Charlton) acquired the exclusive right to broadcast the summer 2006 FIFA World Cup in the State of Israel. The Petitioner and Cross-Respondent (hereinafter: Telran) sold decryption cards (hereinafter: cards) that enabled the decryption of encrypted satellite broadcasts of foreign broadcast networks. The foreign networks broadcasted the World Cup games by encrypted satellite broadcast. The broadcasts …

Uncertainty As Enforcement Mechanism: The New Expansion Of Secondary Copyright Liability To Internet Platforms, John Blevins

Cardozo Law Review

This Article examines the role that legal uncertainty plays as a copyright enforcement mechanism against Internet platforms. In recent years, Internet platforms have faced a new wave of copyright enforcement actions arising from their users' activity. These actions include both civil secondary liability claims and public enforcement actions such as domain name seizures and criminal prosecution. In these enforcement actions, content owners understandably prefer broad secondary liability standards, but these standards remain subject to statutory and doctrinal constraints such as the DMCA safe harbor. Copyright owners, accordingly, are attempting to increase the breadth and expense of secondary copyright liability for …

What's Immoral About Monsanto?: Strengthening The Roots Of The Moral Utility Requirement By Amending The U.S. Patent Act, Gary Gregory

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note advocates for integrating moral utility requirements into the U.S. patent system to address ethical concerns, particularly regarding transgenic seeds and their environmental and health impacts. It proposes adopting a balancing test, similar to the European Patent Office's approach, to weigh the benefits and harms of such inventions. This would allow courts to invalidate patents that cause significant harm, even if they offer economic benefits, thereby aligning the patent system with public morality and societal values.

Closing A Loophole In Musicians' Rights: Why Digital Remasters Of Analog Sound Recordings Are Not Derivative Works Protected By The Copyright Act, Jon Peritz

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The note argues that digital remasters of analog sound recordings do not qualify as derivative works under the Copyright Act, as they lack the requisite originality and substantial variation required for protection. This conclusion has significant implications for artists' termination rights, as allowing record labels to claim copyright in remasters would undermine the purpose of the Copyright Act's termination provisions, which aim to protect artists from unfair copyright transfers. The analysis emphasizes that remasters are primarily functional adaptations for the digital marketplace rather than creative works, and their protection would harm artists by limiting their ability to renegotiate rights or …

International Fashion Trends: The Business Of International Fashion Law, Barbara Kolsun, Jeff Goldfarb, Greg Weisman, Howard Robbins, Guillermo Jimenez, Lee Sporn, Frances Hadfield, Michael Wildes, Theodore Max, Doreen Small, Ali G. Marquart, Jeff Trexler, Georgia Kalivas, Peter Fields, Natalie Nixon

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

"Every Move That She Makes": Copyright Protection For Stage Directions And The Fictional Character Standard, Deana S. Stein

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Introduction: China Re-Rising: Innovation And Collaboration For A Successful Twenty-First Century, Lindsay Korotkin

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

All eyes are on China in the twenty-first century, as it emerges as one of the fastest growing economies in the world. At the same time, losses in various industries are attributed to piracy—a substantial amount of which is alleged to occur within China’s borders—and the Chinese government is routinely criticized for its weak enforcement measures against counterfeiting activities and intellectual property infringement on its soil. Cardozo Law Review de•novo’s online symposium, “China Re-Rising: Innovation and Collaboration for a Successful Twenty-First Century” focuses on China’s overall transition from a manufacturing to an innovation economy and how this transition affects …

Five Oft-Repeated Questions About China’S Recent Rise As A Patent Power, Peter K. Yu

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

This Article focuses on five key questions that I have been repeatedly asked in presentations or conferences exploring recent intellectual property developments in China. As the answers will suggest, the future of the Chinese intellectual property system is rather complex. This future reflects neither a rosy picture of China’s “great leap forward” in the intellectual property arena nor a continuously gloomy picture of pirates and counterfeiters. Instead, the picture is dualistic and highly dynamic. It includes both yin and yang—the yin of continued massive piracy and counterfeiting and the yang of China’s rise as a patent power.

Using Valuation-Based Decision Making To Increase The Efficiency Of China’S Patent Subsidy Strategies, William J. Murphy, John L. Orcutt

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

This Article explains how a disciplined and transparent valuation-based decision-making process can help the Chinese government design patent fee subsidy programs that allocate funds more consistently to deserving patents. In addition, this Article offers the outline of a practical valuation model the Chinese government could use to filter patent fee subsidy requests.

Collaborative Innovation And Economic Growth: A Comment On China’S Innovation Policies, Chen Wang, Jon Sallet

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

China has also taken steps to encourage the creation of intellectual property by Chinese companies. This Article will first examine the nature of those policies, then consider their impact on the goal of better innovation in China, as well as the impact on multi-national companies that wish to do business in China. The Article will conclude with suggestions about the best ways to build innovation policy to encourage sustainable relationships between China and multi-national companies.

Finding Reality In The Right Of Publicity, Lindsay Korotkin

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

This Note takes a critical look at the right of publicity in the context of the growth of the reality television industry and, for strong policy reasons, proposes a broad fair use defense to limit reality television stars’ right of publicity claims. Part I traces the formulation of the right to privacy at common law and the development of the right of publicity as a right distinct from privacy. Part II discusses whom the right of publicity protects, what reality television is, and how reality television stars are different from talent-based celebrities. Part III examines how broad publicity protection can …

The Lawyer With The Adr Tattoo, Jennifer W. Reynolds

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

This Article considers whether ADR presents a branding problem for legal professionals and, if so, how those professionals can reclaim the brand in productive, career-affirming ways. Whether one should self-identify as proponent, practitioner, or scholar of alternative practices implicates broad tensions not only around assimilating with integrity into any longstanding change-resistant profession, but also around the shortcomings of the adversarial system and the legitimacy of ADR.

Where Corporations Are: Why Casual Visits To New York Are Bad For Business, Jeanne L. Schroeder, David G. Carlson

Articles

In this article, we examine the recent case of Hotel 71 Mezz Lender LLC v. Falor (2010), from the New York Court of Appeals. In this case, New York’s highest court held that LLCs are “present” in New York for jurisdictional purposes when the president of the LLC has submitted to New York jurisdiction in an unrelated law suit against him personally, and where the president came to New York for a deposition in that action. This, we claim, was unconstitutional. In addition, the New York Court of Appeals pronounced itself obliged by the United States Constitution to change the …

Reply - Commercialization Without Exchange, Michael J. Burstein

Articles

In this brief reply to Prof. Ted Sichelman’s comments on my article Exchanging Information Without Intellectual Property, I argue that justifications for intellectual property that rely on the incentives exclusive rights offer for commercialization are not economically distinguishable from traditional theories based on incentives to invent or create in the first instance. Because innovation is not an event but a process, innovative activities may be subject to misappropriation – and therefore under-production – at multiple points along the supply chain that runs from conception to commercialization. The grant of exclusive rights is an intervention that can be made at any …

Copyright And The Fall Line, David Nimmer

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Resale Royalties For Visual Artists: The United States Taking Cues From Europe, Toni Mione

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note argues that visual artists in the U.S. are economically disadvantaged compared to authors and composers under U.S. copyright law, as their works do not generate royalties through reproduction. It advocates for federal resale rights legislation to align U.S. policy with international standards, particularly the EU Resale Right Directive, and address the disparity in artists' economic rights.

Panel I: Critical Legal Studies In Intellectual Property And Information Law Scholarship, Peter Goodrich, Sonia K. Katyal, Rebecca Tushnet

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Self-Replicating Technologies And The Challenge For The Patent And Antitrust Laws, Daryl Lim

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

Few patented inventions challenge the traditional boundaries of the patent and antitrust laws like those that are capable of multiplying as they are used. These self-replicating technologies are embedded in our food, fortify our vaccines, and form the computer code upon which the information age is based. These inventions create an inherent conflict between patentees and their customers. The conflict arises because every customer could become competitors as the product replicates, potentially making every first sale the patentee's last. They also challenge how we think about fundamental issues of ownership as well as innovation and market competition, and make it …

Personal Factory Or Catalyst For Piracy? The Hype, Hard Realities Of Consumer 3-D Printing, Charles W. Finocchiaro

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Graffiti Artists “Get Up” In Intellectual Property’S Negative Space, Al Roundtree

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Hangover Effect: May I See Your Tattoo, Please?, Craig P. Bloom

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Deconstructing Disintermediation: A Skeptical Copyright Perspective, Guy Pessach

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

This essay attempts to uncover the impacts of disintermediation in copyright law. I argue that contrary to the common view, within the political economy of networked communication platforms and the Internet, disintermediation in copyright law does not necessarily lead to its expected outcomes. Disintermediation may undermine cultural diversity, decentralization and authors' welfare no less than the traditional corporate media proprietary model. My analysis focuses on the manner in which disintermediation in copyright law tends to stimulate concentrated markets, which channel audience attention to a handful of mega networked intermediaries. The market and media power, which is then held by these …

Republican Study Committee Policy Brief: Three Myths About Copyright Law And Where To Start To Fix It, Derek Khanna

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

The following report was written by Derek S. Khanna, at the time a congressional staffer with the House Republican Study Committee ("RSC"), and was published by the RSC on November 17, 2012. The RSC placed the report on their website and an e-mail was sent to approximately 165 Members of Congress and their staff with this official report. Within twenty-four hours of its publication, the RSC removed the report from its website but did not issue a formal retraction. As a result of the events following publication of the report, Mr. Khanna no longer works for the RSC. What follows …

Reflection On The House Republican Study Committee Copyright Report, Derek Khanna

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Why Can't We Be (F)Rands?: The Effect Of Reasonable And Non-Discriminatory Commitments On Standard-Essential Patent Licensing, Robert D. Keeler

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

This Note explores the effect of a patent holder's reasonable and non-discriminatory ("RAND") commitments to standard-setting organizations on their patent claims which are declared "standard-essential" by the standard-setting organization. It also analyzes the current standard-essential patent ("SEP") licensing system used by the majority of standard-setting organizations around the world and proposed modifications thereto.

This Note looks toward the current case of Microsoft v. Motorola Mobility, the recent Google Settlement with the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC"), and various calls for reform from other areas of the government. The Note concludes that it appears that we are moving toward a system in …