Immigration Law Commons^™

The Problem With General Utilites: Are There Solutions, Dennis J. Doucette

San Diego Law Review

This Comment examines the discussion surrounding the General Utilities doctrine, which states, with certain exceptions, that a corporation does not recognize gain upon distribution of appreciated assets. The author examines corporate tax law, and the development of the General Utilities doctrine and the problems associated with its application and usage. The author examines the various arguments for repeal of the General Utilities doctrine and discusses potential solutions to the General Utilities problem, including complete repeal of the doctrine, implementation of a flat tax and integration of the personal and corporate income tax systems.

Community Reimbursement For A Professional Degree Upon Dissolution, Susan C. Peshel

San Diego Law Review

This Comment examines the recent amendments to the California Civil Code, which require that, at divorce, that the community be reimbursed for the costs of an education of training acquired during marriage. The author examines these new code provisions in relation to prior California case law, contrasts these provisions with responses taken by other states with respect to this issue, and examines the legislative history surrounding the passage of these provisions. The author then discusses the practical implications of the amendments, and examines the interrelationship of this reimbursement remedy with the California community property system.

Immigration And Naturalization Service V. Stevic: Standards Of Proof In Refugee Cases Involving Political Asylum And Withholding Of Deportation, Arthur C. Helton

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Immigration And Naturalization Service V. Delgado: Factory Raids: Seizure Or Brief Encounter, 18 J. Marshall L. Rev. 509 (1985), Mark D. Krauskopf

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Contempt Of Court - Right To Jury Trial - A Fine Of $104,000 And Thirty Day Jail Sentence Is Serious Offense Entitling Contemnor To Trial By Jury., Kathryn E. Eriksen

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Immigration Reform: Solving The "Problem" Of The Illegal Alien In The American Workforce, Lucinda M. Cardinal

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Yellow Pages Legal Ads In Texas: The Complexities Of Dr 2-101(B) & (And) (C)., Vincent Robert Johnson

St. Mary's Law Journal

This Article explains how attorneys can avoid private reprimands for advertisements in the Yellow Pages pursuant to subsection (B) and (C) of the Texas Code of Professional Responsibility Disciplinary Rule 2-101, given there is no scholarship or precedent. Subsection (B) requires an advertisement to include the name of a lawyer who is licensed to practice law in Texas, who will be responsible for performing the legal service, and the areas of law in which they practice. Subsection (C) requires detailed statements be included concerning whether the individuals named in compliance with subsection (B) are certified with the Texas Board of …

Reexamining Roe: Nineteenth-Century Abortion Statutes And The Fourteenth Amendment., James S. Witherspoon

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Ethical, Statutory, And Regulatory Conflicts Of Interest In Real Estate Transactions., Jeb C. Sanford

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Surface Damages In Texas: A Proposal For Legislative Intervention., Steven John Berry

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

A New Twist For Texas Lemon Owners., Ayala Alexopoulos

St. Mary's Law Journal

Twenty-five percent of the consumers with car warranty problems are dissatisfied with the complaint-handling process in the automobile industry and the result of their grievances. In response to the frustrations of defective car owners, Texas, along with many other states, passed a “lemon law” providing more definitive relief for consumer. Lemon laws provide a clearly defined cause of action against the manufacturer and provide the consumer with a low-cost, readily available mechanism for resolving their disputes. Most states’ lemon laws require the consumer to resort to arbitration provisions before initiating a court action if a manufacturer sets up a dispute …

Determining Mineral Ownership In Texas After Moser V. United States Steel Corp. - The Surface Destruction Nightmare Continues., David A. Scott

St. Mary's Law Journal

Total abandonment of the surface destruction test is essential for achieving mineral title certainty in Texas. Many instruments which grant or reserve mineral rights in Texas contain the words “other minerals.” When the instrument does not specifically list which substances the contracting parties include as minerals, a dispute often arises as to ownership of the unspecified substances. To resolve ownership disputes, Texas courts adopted the surface destruction test. This test focuses on the destructive effects removal of a particular substance would have on the surface of the land. Unfortunately, the surface destruction test yielded unpredictable results, causing uncertainty in mineral …

The Refugee Act Of 1980--What Burden Of Proof: Controversy Lives On After "Stevic", Jeffrey S. Bivins

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article explores the burden of proof debate. First, it delves into the historical developments leading up to the Refugee Act then focuses on the Refugee Act's legislative history and on case law prior to the Supreme Court's decision in Stevic. Second, the Article discusses the Stevic opinion and the interpretation of Stevic in subsequent circuit court decisions. Third, it analyzes Stevic and the subsequent cases. The Article concludes with a look at what the future holds for the Refugee Act.

The Foreign Investor: Current Approaches Toward United States Immigration Law, Austin T. Fragomen, Jr., Gwendolyn M. Robosson

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The topic of representing the foreign investor under the Immigration and Nationality Act is one of growing significance. Increases in the inflow of foreign funds have been substantial, with net foreign investment in the United States rising to an annual rate of more than eighty billion dollars in the second quarter of 1984, compared to thirty-four billion dollars in 1983. The foreign investor seeking entry into the United States to oversee an investment enterprise faces, however, a dearth of directly relevant provisions in the Immigration and Nationality Act. This article addresses the salient features of United States immigration law relating …

The Second Generation Of Immigrants, Henry G. Schermers

Michigan Law Review

During the 1960s, many workers from the Mediterranean region migrated to more northerly regions of Europe. Often they brought their wives, and children were born in the host country. The situation of these children, the "second generation" of immigrants, deserves our attention.

In many respects the offspring who make up this second generation of immigrants are closer to their country of residence than to the country of their parents. Yet the desirability of integrating these young people into the country where they were born and live may be questioned. If they are able to speak their parents' language, they could …

The Evolution Of Refugee Status In International Law: 1920-1950, James C. Hathaway

Articles

A refugee is usually thought of as a person compelled to flee his State of origin or residence due to political troubles, persecution, famine or natural disaster. The refugee is perceived as an involuntary migrant, a victim of circumstances which force him to seek sanctuary in a foreign country. Since Rome's reception of the fleeing Barbarians, States have opened their doors to many divergent groups corresponding in a general way to this description of what it means to be a refugee. During a period of more than four centuries prior to 1920, there was little concern to delimit the scope …

Immigration And Naturalization Service V. Chadha: The Legislative Veto Declared Unconstitutional, Robert E. Lannan Ii

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Introduction--Reviewing Immigration Policy: The Select Commission, The Debate Over Simpson-Mazzoli, And Beyond, Lawrence H. Fuchs

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Although the authors of the Articles which follow could not possibly touch on all aspects of reform, they have highlighted several that are important, giving further stimulus to a discussion which is certain to continue even if the Simpson-Mazzoli bill passes soon. Each of them constitutes an important contribution to that discussion, and Professor Aleinikoff's Article is arguably the single most challenging and constructive to appear on the subject of asylum claims adjudication. The University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform should be congratulated for its contributions to the ongoing debate on immigration reform.

A Commentary On American Legal Scholarship Concerning The Admission Of Migrants, James A.R. Nafziger

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The following essay will focus attention on American legal scholarship concerning the admission of migrants. This topic is instructive and practical because of its impact on both municipal and global law. An eminent international jurist observed that greater foresight by scholars twenty-five years ago could have averted many current problems of migration. Today, these problems arise from such sources as the population explosion, periodic droughts, the pull factor of opportunities in advanced economies, and massive political unrest in the Horn of Africa, Afghanistan, Southeast Asia, Central America, and elsewhere. Migrants are knocking at the gates of sovereignty, even crashing some …

Reforming The Immigration And Nationality Act: Labor Certification, Adjustment Of Status, The Reach Of Deportation, And Entry By Fraud, Elwin Griffith

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Article will consider some of the controversial sections of the INA and the impact of the pending immigration legislation. Part I considers the labor certification requirement, a prerequisite for third and sixth preference immigrants. This Part concludes that clarification of the division of authority between the Attorney General and the Secretary of Labor, and of the intent of aliens to keep their certified jobs, would be desirable. Part II analyzes the requirements an alien must meet to adjust status to one, of the occupational preferences. The statutory refusal to adjust status of aliens who accept ''unauthorized employment" must be …

Discrimination Against Resident Aliens: Diminishing Expectations Of Equal Protection, Francisca Copeland-Lopez

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Refuge In America: What Burden Of Proof?, 17 J. Marshall L. Rev. 81 (1984), Virginia A. Smith

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Political Asylum In The Federal Republic Of Germany And The Republic Of France: Lessons For The United States, T. Alexander Aleinikoff

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The recent flood of asylum claims, and the concerns it engenders, are not peculiar to the United States. Western European nations have witnessed similar increases in asylum applications over the past decade, .and institutions charged with adjudicating claims have become severely overburdened. This Article will describe the experience of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of France in coping with the explosion of asylum claims. A comparative analysis may provide perspective on the American situation and perhaps suggest - or rule out - proposals for change currently under consideration in the United States. To appreciate the saliency of …

Seizures Of The Fourth Kind: Changing The Rules, Harry M. Caldwell

Cleveland State Law Review

While a large percentage of police-citizen encounters may be classified readily as falling within the protections of the fourth amendment, a number of them are difficult to categorize. Since the decision in Terry v. Ohio, the U.S. Supreme Court has been grappling with the issue of when such encounters do, in fact, mandate fourth amendment protection. The Court's most recent pronouncement in this area, Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Delgado, involved an Immigration and Naturalization Service factory sweep and the ensuing encounter between immigration officials and plant employees. In this significant and controversial opinion, the Court found that the Delgado …

Preface, Journal Of Law Reform

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

In April 1983, several members of the Journal suggested choosing immigration reform as a Special Issue topic. The idea had immediate appeal: the passage of the Simpson-Mazzoli bill seemed imminent; the new Refugee Act was not performing, in the views of some people, in a neutral (nonideological) manner; and many new immigration problems emerged that would soon require congressional, judicial, and administrative attention. Professor Alexander Aleinikoff helped us hammer this notion into a Special Issue by suggesting topics, providing sources, and ultimately writing an Article for the issue. This project may not have come off without his assistance. This is …

Political Asylum Under The 1980 Refugee Act: An Unfulfilled Promise, Arthur C. Helton

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Part I of this Article reviews the history and development of asylum law in the United States which culminated in the passage of the Refugee Act of 1980. It analyzes the failure of the responsible administrative authorities to follow the dictates of the law - a circumstance which prompted the passage of the Act and which now threatens to subvert the right to asylum in the United States. Part II considers the impact on asylum seekers of new alien interdiction and detention programs, and the legality of those programs under domestic and international law. Finally, Part III makes specific recommendations, …

Resolving The Problem Of Undocumented Workers In American Society: A Model Guest Worker Statute, Marjorie E. Powell

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Note argues that a temporary foreign worker program is needed to alleviate the effects of illegal immigration. Part I describes the problems that illegal aliens present and discusses the interests of the groups affected by their presence in the United States. Part II discusses the inability of forced repatriation, amnesty, closing the border, or employer sanctions to satisfy these interests. Part II also discusses the undesirability of ignoring the problem of illegal aliens. Part III explains how a program for admission of temporary foreign workers best meets the interests of domestic employers, domestic and foreign workers, sending countries, and …

The Propriety Of Denying Entry To Homosexual Aliens: Examining The Public Health Service's Authority Over Medical Exclusions, Robert Poznanski

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Note defends the position that the PHS has the authority to define homosexuality for the purpose of the section 212(a)(4) exclusion, and that the PHS definition is binding upon the INS. Therefore, the PHS's decision to refuse to examine aliens for homosexuality precludes the INS from excluding aliens on that basis. Part I of this Note traces the history of the policy of excluding homosexual aliens. Part II maintains that, regardless of the psychiatric profession's interpretation of ''psychopathic personality,'' Congress intended the expression to encompass homosexuality. Part III contends that Congress intended to empower the PHS to change its …

The Immigration Reform And Control Act: Immigration Policy And The National Interest, Alan K. Simpson

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Today more than ever the United States is a target for international migration. Population growth and economic stagnation in the Third World are increasing the pressures for emigration, and current United States immigration law is incapable of responding to the growing flow of illegal immigrants. The number of illegal aliens apprehended in the United States increased forty percent in 1983, and reached 1.4 million by the year's end. The backlog of applications for political asylum is over 165,000, and many of these claims are frivolous. Polls by Roper, Gallup, NBC, and others have shown that ninety percent of the American …

Rethinking Exclusion--The Rights Of Cuban Refugees Facing Indefinite Detention In The United States, Richard A. Boswell

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article will build upon the stable foundation presented in the arguments that challenged, the "Nishimura" maxim, and will discuss major flaws in the practice of indefinitely detaining excludable aliens in the context of the Cubans who have been detained in various parts of the United States since their arrival in 1980. First, the Article focuses on the practical merits of the use of indefinite detention as a means of immigration policy. The Article concludes that the practice, which is extremely expensive, does not appear to limit mass migrations, and offers, at best, only a few benefits. Second, the Article …