First Amendment Commons^™

The First Amendment, Journalists, And Sources: A Curious Study In "Reverse Federalism", Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

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Student Speech: School Boards, Gay/Straight Alliances, And The Equal Access Act, Todd A. Demitchell, Richard Fossey

Brigham Young University Education and Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Purging Religion From Prisons: The Constitutionality Of The Standardized Chapel Library Project, Andrew Lincoln

First Amendment Law Review

No abstract provided.

Free Speech, World War I, And Republican Democracy: The Internal And External Holmes, Stephen M. Feldman

First Amendment Law Review

No abstract provided.

Lost Without Translation: The Official English Movement And The First Amendment, Amy Mackin

First Amendment Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Two-Step Evidentiary And Causation Quandary For Medium- Specific Laws Targeting Sexual And Violent Content: First Proving Harm And Injury To Silence Speech, Then Proving Redress And Rehabilitation Through Censorship, Clay Calvert

Federal Communications Law Journal

This Article argues that legislators today that want to suppress First Amendment-protected images of sexual and violent conduct conveyed on a specific medium face a steep two-step evidentiary burden. First, they must prove actual harm caused by the speech in question as it is conveyed on a specific medium--not the aggregate injury from viewing all media generallythat is sufficient to overcome free-speech rights. Second, even if sufficient harm from viewing violent or sexual content on a particular medium is proven by social science research, the government then must prove that its legislative remedy-its censorship of the harmful expression conveyed via …

The Colonel's Finest Campaign: Robert R. Mccormick And Near V. Minnesota, Eric B. Easton

Federal Communications Law Journal

Media corporations and their professional and trade associations, as well as organizations such as Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and the American Civil Liberties Union, regularly monitor litigation that implicates First Amendment values and decide whether, when, and how to intervene. But that was not always the case. While media companies have always lobbied and litigated in support of their business interests-antitrust, copyright, postal rates, taxes-litigation by the institutional press to create or avoid doctrinal precedent under the First Amendment began only in the late 1920s. Once the United States Supreme Court recognized the incorporation of the First …

Reassessing Turner And Litigating The Must-Carry Law Beyond A Facial Challenge, R. Matthew Warner

Federal Communications Law Journal

In recent decades, the must-carry rules have had a troubled constitutional history. After two sets of rules were struck down by the D.C. Circuit for violating the First Amendment rights of both cable programmers and operators, Congress revised the must-carry rules in the 1992 Cable Act. In 1997, the Supreme Court, in a 5-4 decision, determined that the congressional must-carry law was facially constitutional. However, does the Turner II decision preclude further First Amendment challenges to the must-carry law? This Note argues that the answer is no and that the time is drawing near for new challenges.

The Source Of The Problem Of Sources: The First Amendment Fails The Fourth Estate, Joel M. Gora

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Ball On A Needle: Hein V. Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc. And The Future Of Establishment Clause Adjudication, Ira C. Lupu, Robert W. Tuttle

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Colonel's Finest Campaign: Robert R. Mccormick And Near V. Minnesota, Eric Easton

All Faculty Scholarship

Today, media corporations and their professional and trade associations, along with organizations like Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and the American Civil Liberties Union, carefully monitor litigation that implicates First Amendment values and decide whether, when, and how to intervene. It was not always so. Litigation by an institutional press to avoid or create doctrinal precedent under the First Amendment really began with the appointment of Col. Robert R. McCormick to head the ANPA's Committee on Freedom of the Press in the spring of 1928 and his involvement in Near v. Minnesota beginning that fall. Because of McCormick's …

Are Journalists Privileged?: Panel Discussion, Anthony Lewis, Max Frankel, Victor Kovner

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The First Amendment, Journalists, And Sources: A Curious Study In "Reverse Federalism", Rodney A. Smolla

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Redefining The Question: Applying A Hierarchical Structure To The Mens Rea Requirement For Section 875(C), Karen Rosenfield

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Shibboleths And Ceballos: Eroding Constitutional Rights Through Pseudocommunication, Susan Stuart

Law Faculty Publications

Recently, the Supreme Court rendered an inexplicable First Amendment decision that has far-reaching effects on the way government is held accountable to the public. In Garcetti v. Ceballos, the Court determined that a government employer can retaliate against an employee for doing his job correctly, notwithstanding the Constitution, so long as the employer targets speech that was part of the employee’s official duties. Inasmuch as government employees are often responsible for reporting government misconduct and other matters of public concern, this opinion essentially leaves the public unprotected from the unbridled discretion of government supervisors. The possible motivations for this …

Citizen Teacher: Damned If You Do, Damned If You Don't, Susan P. Stuart

Law Faculty Publications

The recent Supreme Court case of Garcetti v. Ceballos is becoming one of the most-used cases in its mere two-year history. It denies to public employees the protection of the First Amendment when speaking in their official duties. In reviewing the cases both leading up to and then relying oh Garcetti, one is struck by the inherent conflict that nowpermeates some school board-employee relationships. Whereas preceding cases attempted to reach a balance between the school board and its employees' speech rights, bad management practices now seem to trump the First Amendment. Such practices have school boards discharging teachers and …

Academic Freedom And The Post-Garcetti Blues, Sheldon Nahmod

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Fact-Conjecture Framework In U.S. Libel Law: Four Problems, Brian C. Murchison

Scholarly Articles

A requirement of U.S. defamation law is that an actionable statement be factual in nature, but courts since Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., 497 U.S. 1 (1990), have had considerable difficulty in distinguishing factual from non-factual statements and in articulating the value of non-factual public discourse in all its diversity. This Article reviews four topics - intent, context, conjecture, and hyperbole - that have been particularly troublesome to courts. It argues for a fresh appraisal of Justice Brennan's dissenting opinion in Milkovich and brings into the conversation the works of several current political theorists on the contributions of passionate political …

Tough Pill To Swallow: Whether Catholic Institutions Are Obligated Under Title Vii To Cover Their Employees’ Prescription Contraceptives, Craig W. Mandell

University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class

No abstract provided.

A Cross To Bear: The Need To Weigh Context In Determining The Constitutionality Of Religious Symbols On Public Land, Catherine Ansello

University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class

No abstract provided.

Bailing Out The Print Newspaper Industry: A Not-So-Joking Public Policy And First Amendment Analysis, Clay Calvert

McGeorge Law Review

No abstract provided.

Political Marketplace Metaphor From A Labor Perspective, The, Thomas Tso

McGeorge Law Review

No abstract provided.

Mt. Soledad In The Supreme Court's Crosshairs: Why Legislative Recognition Should Be Considered In Public Displays Of Religion, Adrian R. Conteras

McGeorge Law Review

No abstract provided.

Freedom Of Association, The Communist Party, And The Hollywood Ten: The Forgotten First Amendment Legacy Of Charles Hamilton Houston, Jose Felipe Anderson

McGeorge Law Review

No abstract provided.

Battle Of The Lists: The Use Of Approved Versus Restricted Religious Book Lists In Prisons, Joanna E. Varner

McGeorge Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Source Of The Problem Of Sources: The First Amendment Fails The Fourth Estate, Joel Gora

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of Historical And Legal Sanctuary And A Cohesive Approach To The Current Movement, 42 J. Marshall L. Rev. 135 (2008), Pamela Begaj

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Building A 'New Institutional' Approach To Corporate Speech, Michael R. Siebecker

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

This Article represents the second installment in a three-part series designed to articulate a New Institutional approach to corporate speech that could foil the otherwise inevitable collision between the commercial speech doctrine and the Supreme Court's disparate approach to corporate political speech.

The problem arises because corporations are attempting to escape regulation or liability in a variety of settings by investing commercial messages with just enough political content to render the amalgam of politically tinged corporate speech fully protected under the First Amendment. Why would this strategy work? If corporate speech is political, existing Supreme Court jurisprudence suggests that government …

Applying Genericide To The Right Of Publicity, Zoe Argento

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

This article proposes applying genericide to the right of publicity as a way to cabin the over-expansion of publicity rights. The article offers a different approach than previous proposals, which seek to either narrow the definition of publicity rights or bolster defenses, such as the First Amendment. Like trademark genericide, the celebrity's image comes to refer to an idea, not to the identity of the source of the product or to the identity of the celebrity. This article proposes a test: whether the aspect of the celebrity's persona at issue has been used in the public dialogue with a clearly …

Magic Words And Millionaires: The Supreme Court's Assault On Campaign Funding, 42 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1 (2008), Michael J. Kasper

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.