Evidence Commons^™

Evidence--Use Of Learned Treatises On Cross-Examination Of Expert Witnesses, Manis Elbert Ketchum Ii

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Criminal Law--Use Of Injunctive Proceedings To Suppress Evidence, Ellen Fairfax Warder

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Comments And Casenotes: To Kill A Mockingbird - Star Decisis And M'Naghten In Maryland, Kenneth Lasson

All Faculty Scholarship

There are certain pillars of jurisprudence which, despite the erosive elements of time and progress, remain sacred. After more than a century of judicial dialogue the venerable M'Naghten Rule survives as the prevailing test to determine criminal responsibility. The rule states: "To establish a defense on the ground of insanity, it must be clearly proved that, at the time of the committing of the act, the party accused was labouring under such a defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing; or if he did know …

Opinion Evidence Or Facts, Lucile P. Lacy

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Use Of Record Of Criminal Conviction In Subsequent Civil Action Arising From The Same Facts As The Prosecution, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

The overwhelming majority of courts considering the issue without the aid of pertinent legislation have held that a record of a prior criminal conviction may not be used against a convicted person in subsequent civil proceedings arising from the same facts as the criminal prosecution but to which the state is not a party. It is admissible neither as evidence of the facts underlying it, nor as the basis of an estoppel preventing the convicted party from relitigating those issues which must have been decided against him in the criminal trial for the judge or jury to have found him …

A New Constitutional Limit For Electronic Surveillance Cases, Allan Zaleski

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Admissibility Of Photographs Of The Corpse In Homicide Cases, Stanley L. Morris

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Evidence - Wiretapping - Extension Telephones, David J. Pleva

Duquesne Law Review

The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has outlined the prohibitive reach of the wiretap statute as encompassing mechanical invasions over telephone extensions and listening on an extension without the consent of the communicating parties.

Commonwealth v. Murray, 423 Pa. 37, 223 A.2d 102 (1966).

Proof By Confession, O. John Rogge

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Electronic Aids To Navigation And Their Basis As Fault In Marine Casualties, Raymond T. Letulle

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Evidence Of Financial Worth And Apportionment Of Exemplary Damages - Lehman V. Spencer Ladd's, Inc.

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Ramifications Of The Police Lineup, Thomas Edward Byrne, Marc B. Kaplin, Walter John Taggart

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Evidence--Internal Revenue Code--Admissibility Of Illegally-Obtained Evidence, David W. Crumbo

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Conspiracy Of Silence: Physician's View, Carl E. Wasmuth

Cleveland State Law Review

To many a physican, law suits, courts, and occasionally law- yers themselves are anathema. Schooled in the sciences, his life is dedicated to the practice of medicine. He is a man of conviction and of purpose. He is articulate and even at times loqua- cious. These qualities would lead one to believe that the physician would be well equipped, quite willing, and capable of appearing as an expert witness in a court of law. Quite to the contrary, the physician most generally is unwilling to be a legal witness. In fact, the entire subject of law suits often is repugnant …

How To Handle Medico-Legal Semantics, Hugh Miracle

Cleveland State Law Review

One of the main objectives of counsel in evidence presentation, both from the plaintiff and the defense side, is to instill in the minds of the jury a sufficiently clear and understandable knowledge of the medical facts of the case. In order to reach such a result, it is helpful to consider the medico-legal work in a trial from the viewpoint of semantics.

Judicial Notice Of Scientific Facts, Jon C. Kleri

Cleveland State Law Review

The practical purpose of judicial notice is to dispense with the necessity of taking proof to establish a well known or accepted fact or proposition. However, courts are not bound to take judicial notice of matters of fact. Their acceptance or rejection is dependent upon the nature and scope of the subject matter as it relates to the issues in any given case in conjunction with the overall justice applicable to the matter. A court will not take judicial notice of a fact where there is doubt or uncertainty regarding its acceptance or notoriety.

Motions In Limine, Tom H. Davis

Cleveland State Law Review

Defendant's attorney in a tort or personal injury case can fumble, stumble and fall and win. A plaintiff's attorney can try his case perfectly and still lose. Since any charge of prejudicial tactics brought against the plaintiff usually will be more harmful than one brought against the defendant, it is the duty of the plaintiff's attorney to keep the case like "Caesar's wife," if he can.One of the best ways to accomplish this is through a motion in limine. For those who are not familiar with this practice, it is a motion, heard in advance of jury selection, which asks …

Presentation Of Evidence In A "Whiplash" Or Cervical Sprain Case, Gibson B. Witherspoon

Cleveland State Law Review

By 1963 claims paid by insurance companies for "whiplash" injuries amounted to more than thirty per cent of the total claims paid. It was natural that the insurance companies began a campaign to discredit "whiplash" claims. The industry has been most successful in convincing many judges and jurors that these injuries often are faked by those claiming them. Since the publication of several articles concerning these neck injuries, the insurance industry has adopted a very cynical approach to all "whiplash" injuries. No other injury in the history of American jurisprudence has been the subject of such unfavorable publicity.

Should Virginia Adopt The Federal Rules Of Discovery?, Emanuel Emroch

University of Richmond Law Review

More than fifteen years -ago Virginia made a very important and progressive modification of the rules of practice and procedure in actions at law and suits in equity. The promulgation of the Rules of the Supreme Court of Appeals in 1950 substituted a modern system for an archaic, outmoded, and cumbersome one. Under the Rules litigants can state their case and plead in a brief and succinct manner, unhampered with unnecessary and ancient verbiage. There is less emphasis on form and more on substance, and this facilitates the better administration of justice. Generally, the Rules have unquestionably served the purposes …

Constitutional Law—Inspections And The Warrant Requirement—Warrant Required In Zoning Inspections Where Purpose Is To Gather Evidence For A Criminal Prosecution, George Wallach

Buffalo Law Review

People v. Laverne, 14 N.Y.2d 304, 200 N.E.2d 441, 251 N.Y.S.2d 452 (1964).

The Types Of Evidence: An Analysis, Lyman R. Patterson

Vanderbilt Law Review

Since the purpose of this article is to analyze evidence in functional terms, it may be helpful at the outset to state the basic ideas which underlie the discussion.

1. Evidence consists of propositions of fact which are related to another proposition, a proposed conclusion. Evidence is thus to be distinguished from the fact or facts which are its basis. 2. The essential relationship of propositions which are evidence to the proposition which is the proposed conclusion is relevancy. 3. The relevancy of evidence to the proposed conclusion is determined by the inference drawn from the evidence. If the evidence …

Evidence Illegally Seized By Private Persons Excluded From Criminal Prosecution--People V. Mccomb, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

At common law, illegally seized evidence was admissible on the theory that the nature of the seizure did not necessarily affect the probative value of the evidence. However, in 1914 the United States Supreme Court, in order to protect the fourth amendment's guarantee of freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures, adopted a rule excluding from federal courts evidence illegally seized by federal officials. In 1961, the scope of this rule was extended by Mapp v. Ohio, which held that all evidence obtained in violation of the fourth amendment is inadmissible in state courts. However, the Mapp doctrine applies only …

Extrajudicial Criminal Confessions In Indiana: Changes In The Law Of Admissibility

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Evidence—Affidavit Concerning Jurors’ Unauthorized View Inadmissible As Ground For New Trial, Arthur A. Russ Jr.

Buffalo Law Review

People v. DeLucia, 15 N.Y.2d 294, 206 N.E.2d 324, 258 N.Y.S.2d 377 (1965), cert. denied, 34 U.S.L. Week 3106 (U.S. Oct. 12, 1965).

Evidence—Effect Of Tortfeasor's Death Upon Admissibility Of Blood Test In Civil Action, Anon

Washington Law Review

The question whether analyses of blood samples taken from a deceased person may be admitted into evidence in a civil suit is one of first impression in Washington. Plaintiff, a truck-owner, sued decedent's executor for damages to his truck sustained in a collision with decedent's automobile, alleging that decedent was negligent in driving under the influence of intoxicants. A blood sample was taken by a coroner, in accordance with Washington Revised Code section 68.08.106, approximately one hour after death. Analysis of decedent's blood sample was admitted into evidence over defendant's objection, as proof of decedent's intoxication. On appeal from a …

Evidence -- 1964 Tennessee Survey, Lyman R. Patterson

Vanderbilt Law Review

The difficulty in dealing with presumptions arises in part from the fact that the term embraces a host of different meanings, varying with the purposes underlying the presumption in a given situation. Unfortunately, the courts seldom articulate the meaning which they are attributing to the term and consequently do little to clear up the confusion... In Arnett v. Fuston, a negligence action, plaintiff argued that a verdict of not guilty against one of the two co-defendants was not supported by any evidence, and that a presumption should apply against him "for his election to stand on his motion for directed …

Abstracts Of Recent Cases, Ralph Judy Bean Jr.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Psychiatrist As An Expert Witness: Some Ruminations And Speculations, Bernard L. Diamond, David W. Louisell

Michigan Law Review

Consider the difference between the expert testimony of an orthopedic surgeon in a personal injury suit and the testimony of a psychiatrist in a murder trial in which some elements of the mens rea are at issue. In both instances an expert opinion is received in evidence, providing the trier of fact with technical, specialized information which must, or should, be available in order to permit a rational decision-making process. Well-established rules govern the nature of expert evidence and its mode of presentation. In legal theory, the orthopedic surgeon and the psychiatrist are both experts-physicians-who perform comparable functions in the …

Social Security Disability Determinations: The Burden Of Proof On Appeal, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

In 1956, the Social Security Act was amended to provide monthly disability insurance benefits to qualifying individuals under a uniform national program administered by the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare. Under this program, a claimant is entitled to disability benefits if he is unable to "engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to be of long continued and indefinite duration." This definition and its accompanying statutory standards were purposely made conservative in order to minimize the problems inherent in initiating the program; it was contemplated that …

Contracts -- 1964 Tennessee Survey, Paul I. Hartman

Vanderbilt Law Review

I. Promissory Estoppel--Application by Federal Court

II. Third Party Beneficiary--Enforcement of Labor and Material Bond

III. Statute of Frauds--Statute as Defense to Third Party

IV. Parol Evidence Rule--Application to Extrensic Subsequent Agreement

V. Illegal Bargains--Agreement Not to Compete

VI. Death of Party to Personal Service Contract as Terminating the Contract