Criminal Law Commons^™

Using State Sentencing Enhancements To Protect Journalists From Physical Assault, Anthony L. Fargo

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Structuring The Notional Imprisonment Period When The Accused Is Unfit To Plead – Abdul Ghufran Bin Abdul Wahid V Public Prosecutor, Abhishek Behera, Aaron Yoong

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This case comment examines how Abdul Ghufran bin Abdul Wahid v Public Prosecutor [2025] 3 SLR 1572 brings clarity to Singapore’s “fitness to plead” regime by structuring the nominal imprisonment period (“NIP”) as a principled, non-punitive ceiling on confinement for unfit accused persons. It explains the General Division of the High Court’s four-step framework, the elevation of prevention over rehabilitation at the NIP stage, and the constrained role of mental disorders in adjusting the provisional term. It further highlights the decisive influence of psychiatric evidence and explores how the framework mediates between consistency, individualised justice, and public protection.

Probing The Prevalence Of Pharmaceutical Corruption, Marc A. Rodwin

Suffolk University Law School Faculty Works

This article reviews the history and current evidence of systematic pharmaceutical industry corruption.  It draws on studies by the OECD on international corruption; reports of the Securities and Exchange Commission; studies of the Public Citizen health Research Group of settlement agreements between federal and state authorities and pharmaceutical firm; the history of the Medicare and Medicaid Anti-Kickback Act; professional and industry codes of ethics; the literature on institutional corruption; and studies of conflicts of interest.  These sources support findings of systemic corruption since the mid-20th century. The paper also explores the relationship between classic corruption, institutional corruption and conflicts of …

(Mis)Judging Suspicion, Sherri Lee Keene

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Twenty-five years ago, the Supreme Court decided Illinois v. Wardlow, a Fourth Amendment case that allowed the high-crime nature of a location to be considered in determinations of whether there was reasonable suspicion to support a police stop. In making these determinations, courts rarely acknowledge the role that race can play in decisions that factor in the nature of a location as context. Yet even when the race of a defendant is not mentioned, high-crime area designations can act as a proxy for race inviting racial bias into courts’ analyses. Reasonable suspicion analysis involves the interpretation of a suspect’s …

Lessons Learned From Global Responses To Criminal Abortion Laws, Cynthia Soohoo

Fordham Law Review Online

No abstract provided.

Ibu Kota Nusantara Sebagai Daerah Khusus Berdasarkan Desentralisasi Asimetris, Krisna Bagas Purwopangestu, Sri Wahyuningsih

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

This research examines the legal issue concerning the administration of regional government in Nusantara Capital City (IKN) which has been consider by some scholars as demonstrating deviations from the principle of decentralization. This research takes a position contrary to the mainstream legal discourse that argues there is a conceptual deviation in the model of regional governance in IKN. This research is normative legal research employing a conceptual approach and statutory approach with data collected through library research. This research argues that the administration of regional government in IKN does not indicate any deviation from the principle of decentralization. IKN is …

The Exoneration Of Archie Williams, Dominic R. Graves

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

This poster covers the case of Archie Williams, a man incarcerated for a crime he did not commit. Multiple forensic science and criminalistic strategies were employed to exonerate Williams after years of incarcerations. Fingerprints and false identification were themes throughout the case. Much of the evidence was used in the trial but disregarded, only to be used to appeal the punishment. This poster highlights the case, the issues with repeat line-ups, and the accuracy of fingerprints. The poster also conveys alternative actions that could have prevented this unfortunate outcome. This is but one story of many others who have been …

Athletic Participation And Youth Justice System Involvement, Dominic R. Graves, April Terry

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Research supports the role of prosocial leisure activities in reducing justice system involvement. Athletic-based programs have mixed findings regarding reducing system involvement among youth. However, when implemented correctly, sports programs can greatly benefit youth by providing them with structured adult supervision and mentorship. This poster briefly introduces the social bond theory supporting the influence of athletics and highlights potential negative associations with athletic-based programs. This poster concludes with a review of current implementation and future guidance.

Combating The Colorblind Courtroom: Using Race-Switching To Make Racial Bias Salient, Cynthia Lee

Brooklyn Law Review

In criminal courtrooms across the country, well-meaning judges insist on running colorblind courtrooms — courtrooms in which the attorneys are not allowed to call attention to race. Many judges, including many US Supreme Court justices, believe it is best to ignore racial difference, and that noticing race will encourage racial discrimination. The problem is that colorblind courtrooms are likely to exacerbate, not ameliorate, implicit racial bias. Decades of social science research have demonstrated that making race salient helps decision makers treat similarly situated individuals of different races the same and that not calling attention to race results in decisionmakers treating …

Police And Ai: When Abundantly Helpful Becomes Intrinsically Harmful, Landon Brickey

Brooklyn Law Review

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly crept into nearly all aspects of life, including in government, the criminal justice system, and policing. While Supreme Court Due Process jurisprudence has outlined certain boundaries for police interrogations, much police conduct is left for the states to regulate. Such regulation is sporadic and less restrictive than the public might assume, especially in the realm of police deception. Across jurisdictions, courts allow police to deceptively inform suspects that a witness identified the suspect of the perpetrator of a crime. That the suspect’s finger prints, DNA, or shoe prints were found at the scene of the …

Berbagai Masalah Hukum Bersangkutan Dengan Rumah Susun Dan Pemilikan Satuan Rumah Susun, Prof. Boedi Harsono, S.H.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Lost And Found, Katherine M. Houlden

Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice

No abstract provided.

Home Of The Brave, Land Of The Free: The Star-Spangled Banner's Contested History, Michael H. Hoffheimer

Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice

No abstract provided.

Pearl's Perfect Last Will - Crushed By Infantilism Bias, Edward F. Fogarty Mr

Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice

No abstract provided.

Dangerous Or Neglected, Amanda Landaverde

Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice

No abstract provided.

The Call To Action, And My Reluctant Answer, Audrey R. Svane

Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice

No abstract provided.

Legacy: Introduction To Issue 2, Nicholas L. Marti

Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice

No abstract provided.

Volume 2, Issue 2 Masthead, Njaj Editorial Board

Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice

No abstract provided.

Fighting Drug Addiction In The Aftermath Of The War On Drugs: Rehabilitative Or Promoting Reoffending?, Haylee Beamer

Criminal Law Society Blog

This Article examines the evolution of drug control policy in the United States, arguing that although modern strategies target both supply and demand reduction mechanisms, they remain fragmented and insufficiently focused on rehabilitation. It traces the historical development of the War on Drugs and its lasting emphasis on punitive enforcement, highlighting the continued reliance on drug task forces and confidential informants. While contemporary reforms such as drug courts and prosecutorial diversion programs demonstrate measurable success in reducing recidivism and promoting recovery, their impact is undermined by inconsistent integration across the criminal justice system. This Article contends that a more cohesive, …

Beyond The Loop: Accountability And The Legal Abyss Of Autonomous Weapon Systems, Ahmad Khalil, Anandha Krishna Raj S

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The emergence of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) poses unprecedented challenges to international humanitarian law (IHL), particularly in relation to criminal responsibility. This article critically examines the existing legal vacuum concerning accountability for violations committed by AWS in the context of armed conflict. By analyzing the fluid and evolving nature of military autonomy and the consequences of removing human oversight from lethal decision-making processes, the article undertakes an in-depth assessment of international criminal law (ICL) mechanisms, including direct and command responsibility. It demonstrates the inadequacy of established legal doctrines to attribute criminal liability to designers, programmers, operators, or commanders when AWS …

Federal Prosecution In The Shadows Of Constitutional Immunity, J. Richard Broughton

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Somebody's Watching Me: Modern Abusers Use Modern Methods Of Control, Savannah Molyneaux

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Regression Dressed As Reform: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita And The Shifting Contours Of Political Speech, Anushka Singh

National Law School of India Review

This paper examines the shifting contours of criminal law in relation to political speech, with a focus on Section 152 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS). It advances three arguments. First, the decolonising narrative behind deleting sedition glosses over substantive continuities between colonial and post-colonial periods, with Section 152 BNS refashioning the colonial-era bifurcation between ‘sedition’ and ‘sedition-like’ activity. The BNS provision represents a backslide in the way it converges the various legal and political connotations of sedition from colonial to contemporary times, creating a new criminal category constructed through popular political-extra-legal discourses. Second, Section 152 BNS borrows from the …

People V. Goetz, Jacob Burns Center For Ethics In The Practice Of Law, Cardozo Criminal Law Society, Elliot Williams

2025–2026 Flyers

Author Elliot Williams will discuss his new book, Five Bullets: The Story of Bernie Goetz, New York's Explosive '80s, and the Subway Vigilante Trial That Divided the Nation. The Goetz case will be familiar to Cardozo students from1L Criminal Law curriculum and the discussion will highlight the case's broader social and cultural impact. Five Bullets is a New York Times & Washington Post "Most Anticipated Book of 2026"

Book Talk: Cnn Legal Analyst Elliot Williams On Five Bullets, Jacob Burns Center For Ethics In The Practice Of Law, Criminal Law Society, Elliot Williams, Jessica A. Roth

2026 Event Invitations

Join the Jacob Burns Center for Ethics in the Practice of Law and the Cardozo Criminal Law Society for a conversation with Elliot Williams about his new book, Five Bullets: The Story of Bernie Goetz, New York's Explosive '80s, and the Subway Vigilante Trial That Divided the Nation. This book revisits the infamous Goetz case and its broader legal and cultural impact. Mr. Williams will be joined in conversation by Professor Jessica Roth.

Online Recruitment For Interview Participants Impacted By The Criminal Legal System, Sarah Lageson, Carolina R. Caliman, Elsa Chen, Ericka Adams

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"As technology has altered communication, qualitative criminologists have turned to digital spaces for a cost-effective approach to recruit participants who have been impacted by the criminal legal system. This paper analyzes the limits and benefits of online recruitment, detailing our experience recruiting 93 interviewees online for a qualitative study of criminal record expungement. We compare three approaches: social media advertisements, Amazon’s crowdsourced MTurk platform, and the opt-in survey platform Prolific, and analyze the financial and labor costs associated with each. We detail our experience individually screening 685 interested participants to obtain 86 qualitative interviews suitable for analysis. Our experience shows …

Fragmented Responses: Variability In Law Enforcement And Prosecutorial Approaches To Sexual Assault Cases, Veronica Gonzalez

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Sexual assault (SA) remains a pervasive issue in the United States, marked by low reporting rates, inconsistent investigations, and limited convictions. In response, researchers and practitioners have promoted a range of best practices aimed at improving law enforcement and prosecutorial responses. This qualitative study draws on interviews with 13 law enforcement agencies and 12 prosecutors' offices to explore how recommended practices—such as victim advocacy, specialized units, interagency collaboration, and case reviews—are interpreted and operationalized in the field. Findings reveal substantial variability, shaped not only by resource availability but also by leadership priorities, organizational culture, and the ambiguity of guidance documents. …

To Protect And To Serve? A Phenomenological Exploration Of Interactions Between Black Transgender Women And Law Enforcement In The Midwest, Anthony Banks, Kelli E. Canada, Erin L. Robinson, Mansoo Yu, Lynn Mie Itagaki

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Current research indicates transgender women of color are experiencing what is being referred to as an “epidemic of violence.” Law enforcement personnel are in a unique position to mitigate this violence among transgender women of color, however past research shows that law enforcement may in some instances perpetuate already existing violence with this population instead of preventing and intervening in these situations. This study aimed to add to the limited research by using an intersectional theoretical framework to better understand these interactions. Research questions were answered using a phenomenological research design. Data from 36 semi-structured interviews with Black transgender women …

"This Is Not A Scam!": Assessment Of An Awareness Raising Program Tackling Older Adults' Scam Victimization In A Multi-Method Study, Katalin Parti, Pamela Teaster, Susanna Rinehart, Charles Dye

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Interactive theatre has long been used to educate and empower communities and prevent crime across all age groups. Although older populations are disproportionately victimized through fraudulent online schemes, effective educational interventions, like interactive theatre, have not been utilized to increase crime awareness. This paper describes an explorational research project, analyzing the results of a theatre-based fraud awareness program aimed towards educating victims and their communities about scams targeting older people. The study employs a mixed-method research design to examine program impact. In applying multifaceted tools of data collection, such as survey, participant observation, and follow-up interviews, the research team identified …

Aging On Parole: A Thematic Analysis Of The Parole Officer’S Perspective, Angela Murolo

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"A growing proportion of people leaving prison are over 50 years old and will live at least temporarily under the supervision of a parole officer. While recidivism rates are lower for older people, there are physical, mental, and societal challenges that accompany advancing age that make successful reentry and reintegration a challenging experience compared to their younger counterparts. This presents novel challenges for parole officers who are tasked with supervising and counseling elderly people on parole. Surveys containing closed and open-ended questions were administered to N=25 parole officers to understand the differences in working with, counseling, and supervising older and …