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Evidence

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Articles 361 - 390 of 465

Full-Text Articles in Criminal Law

Challenging Public Investigative Reports: How To Fight The Hearsay Exception, Steven P. Grossman, Stephen J. Shapiro Feb 1991

Challenging Public Investigative Reports: How To Fight The Hearsay Exception, Steven P. Grossman, Stephen J. Shapiro

All Faculty Scholarship

This paper discusses how attorneys can argue against having government and public reports admitted into evidence at trial that would be damaging to their client. When this paper was done, such reports were admitted via Federal Rule of Evidence 803(8)(C). The authors argue that it is possible to challenge admission of factual findings in public reports despite various court decisions which make this difficult.


Confrontation Clause Jan 1991

Confrontation Clause

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Due Process Jan 1991

Due Process

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search And Seizure Jan 1991

Search And Seizure

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Novel Scientific Evidence Of Intoxication: Acoustic Analysis Of Voice Recordings From The Exxon Valdez, J. Alexander Tanford, David B. Pisoni, Keith Johnson Jan 1991

Novel Scientific Evidence Of Intoxication: Acoustic Analysis Of Voice Recordings From The Exxon Valdez, J. Alexander Tanford, David B. Pisoni, Keith Johnson

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Part of this article reports original research conducted under the direction of the second and third authors. The initial re search was supported by a contract to Indiana University from General Motors Research Laboratories. The specific analyses of voice recordings of Captain Joseph Hazelwood were conducted by them at the re quest of the National Transportation Safety Board, and are based on tapes and data supplied by the NTSB. The second author may be called as a witness in some of the lawsuits pending against the Exxon Corporation. The opinions expressed in this article concerning whether this evidence meets the …


What Was Discovered In The Quest For Truth?, Steven H. Goldberg Jan 1990

What Was Discovered In The Quest For Truth?, Steven H. Goldberg

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Criminal discovery has outstripped Justice Brennan's claim of "mixed" results. His description of the twenty-five year transformation as merely "rapid" is too modest. From the picture in 1963, which he accurately describes as "quite a bleak one," discovery is, today, de rigueur in criminal cases. There is little to suggest a general reduction of criminal case discovery in the future.


Tape Recording Conversations - Is It Ethical For Attorneys?, Charles W. Adams Jan 1990

Tape Recording Conversations - Is It Ethical For Attorneys?, Charles W. Adams

Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.


The Existing Confidentiality Privileges As Applied To Rape Victims, Bridget M. Mccafferty Jan 1990

The Existing Confidentiality Privileges As Applied To Rape Victims, Bridget M. Mccafferty

Journal of Law and Health

It is evident that when this type of questioning occurs, the victim must overcome the presumption that she is at fault. As it exists, the prosecution of the rapist also results in the prosecution of the victim. However, it is undeniable that the defendant in a rape case is presumed innocent until a judicial determination states otherwise. A dilemma arises when the court attempts to balance the victim's right to bring the accused to trial and the defendant's right to prove his innocence. Currently, the judicial system favors the presumption of the defendant's innocence, presupposing that the victim has falsely …


The Exclusion Of Evidence In The United States, Paul Marcus Jan 1990

The Exclusion Of Evidence In The United States, Paul Marcus

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Arizona V. Youngblood: Does The Criminal Defendant Lose His Right To Due Process When The State Loses Exculpatory Evidence?, Willis C. Moore Jan 1989

Arizona V. Youngblood: Does The Criminal Defendant Lose His Right To Due Process When The State Loses Exculpatory Evidence?, Willis C. Moore

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Theories Of Truth Finding In Criminal Procedure: An Evolutionary Approach, John D. Jackson Dec 1988

Theories Of Truth Finding In Criminal Procedure: An Evolutionary Approach, John D. Jackson

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Twist And Shout And Truth Will Out: An Argument For The Adoption Of A "Safety-Valve" Exception To The Washington Hearsay Rule, George R. Nock Oct 1988

Twist And Shout And Truth Will Out: An Argument For The Adoption Of A "Safety-Valve" Exception To The Washington Hearsay Rule, George R. Nock

Seattle University Law Review

This Article will focus on two decisions of the Washington Supreme Court illustrating the unfortunate expansion of certain hearsay exceptions in order to accommodate truth, show that the expansion could have been avoided had Washington adopted a "general" exception comparable to that found in the Federal Rules of Evidence, and propose the adoption of an exception shorn of the defects of the rejected federal version.


Law And Consciousness, Charles A. Reich Oct 1988

Law And Consciousness, Charles A. Reich

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Proving The Defendant's Bad Character, Bennett L. Gershman Jan 1988

Proving The Defendant's Bad Character, Bennett L. Gershman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The classic study of the American jury shows that when a defendant's criminal record is known and the prosecution's case has weaknesses, the defendant's chances of acquittal are thirty-eight percent, compared to sixty-five percent otherwise. Because of the danger that jurors will assume that the defendant is guilty based on proof that his bad character predisposes him to an act of crime, the courts and legislatures have attempted to circumscribe the use of such evidence. Some prosecutors, however, although well aware of the insidious effect such prejudicial evidence can have on jurors, violate the rules of evidence, as well as …


Pleading The Fifth: Record Custodians And The Act-Of-Production Doctrine, Amy Schlesinger Rich Feb 1987

Pleading The Fifth: Record Custodians And The Act-Of-Production Doctrine, Amy Schlesinger Rich

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Evidentiary Use Of Other Crime Evidence: A Survey Of Recent Trends In Criminal Procedure, Susan Stuart Jan 1987

Evidentiary Use Of Other Crime Evidence: A Survey Of Recent Trends In Criminal Procedure, Susan Stuart

Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Dismantling The Exclusionary Rule: United States V. Leon And The Courts Of Washington—Should Good Faith Excuse Bad Acts?, Catherine Cruikshank Jan 1986

Dismantling The Exclusionary Rule: United States V. Leon And The Courts Of Washington—Should Good Faith Excuse Bad Acts?, Catherine Cruikshank

Seattle University Law Review

This Note will review briefly the history of the exclusionary rule under fourth amendment jurisprudence, with special emphasis given to the purposes the rule has traditionally been thought to serve. The significance of the Leon decision then will be examined in light of the emergence in Washington of an interpretation of article I, section 7 that diverges from the Supreme Court's interpretations of the fourth amendment. This Note will conclude by discussing how article I, section 7 continues to embody the several purposes traditionally served by the exclusionary rule.


Criminal Law - Discovery - Test For Materiality Of Undisclosed Impeachment Evidence, Robert E. Schwartz Jan 1986

Criminal Law - Discovery - Test For Materiality Of Undisclosed Impeachment Evidence, Robert E. Schwartz

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Do We Need A Calculus Of Weight To Understand Proof Beyond A Reasonable Doubt?, David H. Kaye Jan 1986

Do We Need A Calculus Of Weight To Understand Proof Beyond A Reasonable Doubt?, David H. Kaye

Faculty Scholarship

The commentary on a paper by L.J. Cohen, prepared for a symposium on probability and inference in the law of evidence, shows that the legal requirement of proof beyond a reasonable doubt can be understood simply as demanding a sufficiently high probability that the prosecution's narrative or story of the facts, which captures all the elements of the offense, is true. No separate measure of the "weight" of the totality of the evidence is required to understand the burden of persuasion. Any incompleteness in the evidence can be accounted for by a conditional probability that includes the presence of any …


Survey Of Washington Search And Seizure Law, Justice Robert F. Utter Jan 1985

Survey Of Washington Search And Seizure Law, Justice Robert F. Utter

Seattle University Law Review

This Survey is designed to assist lawyers and judges who must argue and resolve search and seizure issues in Washington State. The Survey summarizes the controlling state and federal cases on search and seizure law and uses as an additional reference W. LAFAVE, Search and Seizure: A Treatise on the Fourth Amendment (1978). Washington courts are likely to analyze future search and seizure issues under both the fourth amendment and Washington Constitution article I, section 7. The difference in wording between the two provisions is substantial, suggesting different degrees or types of privacy protection. This Survey summarizes the predominant treatment …


Criminal Law: Sufficiency Of The Evidence: The Search For A Constitutional Test In Oklahoma, C. Kevin Morrison Jan 1985

Criminal Law: Sufficiency Of The Evidence: The Search For A Constitutional Test In Oklahoma, C. Kevin Morrison

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.


Criminal Law: Sufficiency Of The Evidence: The Search For A Constitutional Test In Oklahoma, C. Kevin Morrison Jan 1985

Criminal Law: Sufficiency Of The Evidence: The Search For A Constitutional Test In Oklahoma, C. Kevin Morrison

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.


Dangerousness And Expertise, Christopher Slobogin Dec 1984

Dangerousness And Expertise, Christopher Slobogin

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The defendant-first approach advocated in this Article is more difficult to implement than either the current policy admitting any proffered expert testimony or the exclusionary reform advanced by many commentators. It requires some mechanism for apprising the state when the defense intends to use clinical prediction testimony. When no such intent is registered, it demands that any other clinical testimony, whether offered by the state or the defense, be carefully monitored to insure that the dangerousness issue is not raised; it may require revamping other procedures as well.2 " But the defendant-first approach also presents the factfinder with the most …


United States V. Leon, Lewis F. Powell Jr. Oct 1983

United States V. Leon, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.


Berkemer V. Mccarty, Lewis F. Powell Jr. Oct 1983

Berkemer V. Mccarty, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.


The Exclusionary Rule In Germany, Craig M. Bradley Jan 1983

The Exclusionary Rule In Germany, Craig M. Bradley

Articles by Maurer Faculty

The exclusionary rule that the Supreme Court has fashioned to suppress evidence obtained unconstitutionally is directed at least in part toward deterring police conduct that violates constitutional norms. Since the inception of the rule, the value and efficacy of a prescript that excludes otherwise relevant and probative evidence in a factfinding proceeding has been a subject of heated debate. In this Article, Professor Bradley examines the rather different exclusionary rules used in Germany. He argues that a comparison of exclusionary rules in Germany and the United States suggests that a number of different policies of a criminal justice system could …


The Hearsay Exception For Public Records In Federal Criminal Trials, Vincent C. Alexander Jan 1983

The Hearsay Exception For Public Records In Federal Criminal Trials, Vincent C. Alexander

Faculty Publications

The hearsay exception for "public records" was recognized at common law and has been further developed in most jurisdictions by statute. The reliability of public records is said to derive from the presumption of regularity and accuracy that attends the recording of events by public officials. As with the hearsay exception for recordsmade in the regular course of a private business, the reliability of many public records is enhanced by the routine and repetitive circumstancesunder which such records are made. An additional justificationfor the admission of public records is public convenience: If government employees are continually required to testify in …


The Acquisition Of Evidence For Criminal Prosecution: Some Constitutional Premises And Practices In Transition, H. Richard Uviller Apr 1982

The Acquisition Of Evidence For Criminal Prosecution: Some Constitutional Premises And Practices In Transition, H. Richard Uviller

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article isolates only two of the many aspects of the Court's labors affecting the acquisition of evidence for criminal prosecution. The first concerns the allocation of primacy among the values that the exclusionary response to the illegal acquisition of evidence serves: a theoretical choice that may carry some notable practical consequences. The second requires are examination of the role of the trial court in supervising the preaccusatory search for evidence in a way that suggests the possible obsolescence of the Supreme Court's ruling credo in the Stewart era.


Burden Of Proof With Respect To The Defense Of Withdrawal From Conspiracy: United States V. Read, Alan S. Fox Jan 1982

Burden Of Proof With Respect To The Defense Of Withdrawal From Conspiracy: United States V. Read, Alan S. Fox

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Criminal Procedure—Scope Of The Exclusionary Rule—Inevitable Discovery Exception Adopted, Melanie J. Strigel Oct 1981

Criminal Procedure—Scope Of The Exclusionary Rule—Inevitable Discovery Exception Adopted, Melanie J. Strigel

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.