Criminal Law Commons^™

Double Jeopardy And Resentencing In Bifurcated Criminal Proceedings: Bullington V. Missouri, Enid Greene

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Criminal Procedure, Thomas E. Baker

Faculty Publications

This article discusses decisions of the new Eleventh Circuit and also decisions of the former Fifth Circuit, some of which are binding precedents for the new court. By way of introduction, the title Constitutional Criminal Procedure deserves amplification. Related criminal law topics not within the scope of this article include the following: the substantive law of crimes; non constitutional aspects of the Federal Rules of Evidence; non constitutional aspects of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure; procedural aspects of habeas corpus; sentencing; prisoners' rights; and civil rights suits alleging constitutional deprivations.

The Federal Speedy Trial Act: Stampede Into Ambush, 16 J. Marshall L. Rev. 27 (1982), Robert L. Doyel

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Survey Of Developments In West Virginia Law: 1981

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Salvaging Proportionate Prison Sentencing: A Reply To Rummel V. Estelle, Thomas F. Cavalier

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Part I of this Note provides a capsule of the Court's holding in Rummel. Part II argues, contrary to Rummel, that precedential support can be mustered to support eighth amendment review of sentence length. Finally, part 11,1 discusses the continued viability of the proportionality test as a vehicle for assessing challenges to the length of imprisonment, and discounts the concerns voiced in Rummel regarding the difficulty of judicial review of legislative sentencing decisions.

Entrapment, Shocked Consciences, And The Staged Arrest, Bennett L. Gershman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article discusses the relatively spare and unsettled case law relating to the staged arrest, reflected primarily in United States v. Archer and Nigrone v. Murtagh. Part III of this Article examines the defense of entrapment, one of the most confusing and controversial legal doctrines, and its application to the staged arrest. Because the staged arrest ineluctably raises questions of offensive government conduct that neither constitutes unlawful entrapment nor invades any independent rights of citizens, part IV considers the analysis of courts that have invoked the due process clause to limit government investigations. In view of the failure of these …

Abscam, The Judiciary, And The Ethics Of Entrapment, Bennett L. Gershman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Part I of this Article surveys the development of the competing threads of entrapment theory. Part II shows how these theories were applied in the Abscam prosecutions. Part III turns to the predisposition test and demonstrates its analytical flaws and its ineffectiveness in restraining he improper use of inducements in undercover investigations. Part IV offers specific suggestions for a federal entrapment statute to remedy these defects. The statute allows an entrapment defense where the undercover techniques used fall outside a narrowly defined range of permissible conduct. If the government's conduct is permissible, the statute nevertheless requires the decision-maker to examine …

Search, Seizure, And Section 7: Standing From Salvucci To Simpson, Mark H. Adams, George R. Nock

Seattle University Law Review

This article traces the evolution of automatic standing from Jones v. United States to United States v. Salvucci and discusses the approach that has replaced the Jones rule in the Supreme Court. It then discusses the Washington Supreme Court’s continued adherence to the automatic standing rule, despite the Salvucci decision, under the Washington Constitution rather than the fourth amendment. After focusing on the failure of the United States Supreme Court to fashion a standing rule consistent with the Court’s stated purpose for the exclusionary rule, this article urges the Washington court to interpret the state’s constitution in a more consistent, …

Criminal Law And Procedure, Various Editors

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Criminal Law: Homicide, Ellen Y. Suni

Faculty Works

Substantive criminal law in Missouri has undergone substantial change in recent years. The most significant aspect of this change has been the adoption of the criminal code which discarded common law definitions of crime and redefined offenses in accord with the more modern Model Penal Code ap­proach. Although the code's drafters recommended major revision of the homicide statutes, these revisions were not ultimately adopted and the Mis­souri homicide statutes retained their common law approach. A combination of United States Supreme Court decisions, legislative activity and Missouri cases decided during the last decade, however, have led to important develop­ments in the …

Capital Punishment In Ohio: Aggravating Circumstances, Elaine C. Hilliard

Cleveland State Law Review

The state of Ohio enacted a new death penalty statute which became effective October 19, 1981. As of January 18, 1983, eighty-three defendants had been indicted under the new statute. It is, therefore, both necessary and timely to evaluate Ohio's statutory delineation of who may die and its effect for compliance with constitutional mandates. This Note sets forth the hypotheses and supporting legal authority for analyzing Ohio's statutory aggravating circumstances individually and in the aggregate on equal protection and procedural due process grounds.

The Case For Treason, George P. Fletcher

Faculty Scholarship

"If this be treason, make the most of it." Patrick Henry had no fear of the ultimate crime against his King. Nor did the burghers of Maryland who set ablaze the Peggy Stewart in Annapolis Harbor. One would think that for us as Americans the crime of treason would carry special significance. Our nation was born in acts of treason. The threat of prosecution made the crime foremost in the mind of the constitutional draftsmen. Indeed, treason is the only crime to find definition in our basic document.

There are other indications that the crime of treason is central to …

Constitutional Law - The Eighth Amendment - The Eighth Amendment Prohibits The Penalty Of Death For One Who Neither Took Life, Attempted Or Intended To Take Life, Nor Contemplated That Life Would Be Taken, Charles H. Pangburn Iii

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

The Faretta Principle: Self Representation Versus The Right To Counsel, Paul Marcus

Faculty Publications

The United States Constitution makes provision for criminal defendants to be represented by counsel. In the federal jurisdiction this principle was vigorously applied, even to indigent persons, very early in the Twentieth Century. The United States Supreme Court, however, was reluctant to impose this requirement on the states except in cases of unusual circumstances where the absence of counsel would have affected the basic fairness of the trial. Finally, in a landmark decision by the Supreme Court, it was held that the right to counsel applies in both federal and state cases. For the past twenty years, federal and state …

The Iranian Litigation: Implications For American Business Interests, Charles G. Labella

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Coast Guard Boardings Of Suspected Drug Smuggling Vessels On The High Seas And The Fourth Amendment: United States V. Streifel, Roger A. Stetter

Cardozo Law Review

Report and Recommendation to the New York State Bar Association by the Committee on Federal Constitution

Testimonial Immunity And The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination: A Study In Isomorphism, Peter Lushing

Articles

This Article accepts and will develop the Court's isomorphic theory of immunity and privilege, and will show why Portash is nonetheless correct in result. A case for a broadened view of the privilege, partially because of the availability of testimonial immunity, will be made. Apftlbaum will be shown to be incorrect in result. This Article will also analyze the problem of immunized testimony and perjury by inconsistent statement, a problem faced once by the Court but left unresolved. Finally, this Article will discuss the constitutional requirements of an immunity statute, and consider an immunity case presently pending before the Supreme …

Globe Newspaper Co. V. Superior Court For The County Of Norfolk, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Criminal Litigation, Andrew H. Marshall

Mercer Law Review

During 1980 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit decided well over 200 cases in the constitutional law/criminal area, including direct criminal appeals, collateral attacks on both state and federal criminal convictions, and a handful of cases arising in other contexts. The typical opinion addresses and resolves multiple assignments of error, which compounds the difficulty of organizing decisions into precise, discrete categories. The quantity and diversity of litigation in the area requires that a survey be limited to a fraction of the decided cases. The selection process utilized in the preparation of this survey can only be …

Survey Of Developments In The Fourth Circuit: 1980

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Faces Without Features: The Surface Validity Of Criminal Inferences, Peter Lushing

Articles

The article critiques the Supreme Court's decision in County Court v. Allen, arguing that the Court's approach to evaluating instructed inferences in criminal cases undermines the integrity of the fact-finding process. The central concern is that the Court's methodology, which assesses inferences as applied rather than on their face, fails to address the potential irrationality of such inferences and the pressure they may exert on jurors to convict without thorough consideration of the evidence. The article advocates for a more rigorous standard to ensure the rationality and constitutionality of instructed inferences in criminal trials.

Rhode Island V. Innis: “Offhand Comments” Or “Interrogation”?, Kingsley R. Browne

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Law - Eighth Amendment - Capital Punishment - State Death Penalty Statutes - Procedural Safeguards, Scott T. Redman

Duquesne Law Review

The Supreme Court of the United States has held that the Alabama death penalty statute which prohibited a jury instruction of lesser included offenses in a capital case is unconstitutional because it diminishes the reliability of the guilt determination process, leading to an arbitrary and irrational imposition of the death penalty.

Beck v. Alabama, 447 U.S. 625 (1980).

Constitutional Law - Governmental Appeal Of Criminal Sentence Is Not Unconstitutional As Violative Of The Double Jeopardy Clause, Brian L. Lincicome

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

"Twisting Slowly In The Wind": A Search For Constitutional Limits On Coercion Of The Criminal Defendant, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

In the corridor outside Courtroom Four, Foster Clark approached the prosecutor. "I was wondering," he said, "are we really going to have to try this case?"

"Well," the prosecutor said, "that depends. He's dead on and gone to heaven, if that's what you mean. He doesn't have a prayer."

"I was wondering if we could work something out," Clark said. "I haven't really had a chance to talk with him, but I was wondering."

"So talk to him," the prosecutor said. "Find out where he stands, and call me."

* * *

"Look," the prosecutor said, "you know I can't …

"No Soul To Damn: No Body To Kick": An Unscandalized Inquiry Into The Problem Of Corporate Punishment, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

Did you ever expect a corporation to have a conscience, when it has no soul to be damned, and no body to be kicked?
—Edward, First Baron Thurlow 1731-1806

The Lord Chancellor of England quoted above was neither the first nor the last judge to experience frustration when faced with a convicted corporation. American sentencing judges are likely to face a similar dilemma with increasing frequency in the near future, for a number of signs indicate that corporate prosecutions will become increasingly commonplace. At first glance, the problem of corporate punishment seems perversely insoluble: moderate fines do not deter, …

Criminal Law–Arrest Without A Warrant–A Man's Home Is His Castle, Nancy Marian Epperson

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Criminal Law–Racketeer Influence And Corrupt Organization Act–Defining Enterprise, Judy Broach Proctor

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Prosecutorial Control In Canada: The Definition Of Attorney-General In Section 2 Of The Criminal Code, Camille Cameron

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

In 1969, as a result of the redefinition of Attorney-General” in section 2 of the Criminal Code, the federal Attorney-General assumed an increased role in criminal prosecutions within the provinces. This new role has resulted in various challenges to the constitutional validity of the amendment — the provinces claim that the new definition is an encroachment upon the administration of justice power given to them by section 92(14) of the British North America Act while the federal government relies on its criminal law power to justify the amendment. The author examines the 1969 amendment in light of sections 91(27) and …

Perils Of The Rulemaking Process: The Development, Application, And Unconstitutionality Of Rule 804(B)(3)'S Penal Interest Exception, Peter W. Tague

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

As the culmination of a decade of rulemaking, in 1975 Congress enacted the Federal Rules of Evidence, which include in rule 804(b)(3) an exception to the hearsay rule that allows federal courts to admit statements against penal interest. Having reviewed previously unpublished memoranda and nonpublic tape recordings of the deliberations of the Advisory and Standing Committees to the Judicial Conference and the Special Subcommittee on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws of the House Judiciary Committee, Professor Tague explores the development of rule 804(b)(3), one of the more controversial rules that emerged from that rulemaking process. After analyzing rule 804(b)(3) and …