Law Commons^™

Stare Decisis And Due Process, Amy Coney Barrett

Journal Articles

In this Article, I argue that the preclusive effect of precedent raises due-process concerns, and, on occasion, slides into unconstitutionality. The Due Process Clause requires that a court give a person notice and an opportunity for a hearing before depriving her of life, liberty or property. Because of this requirement, courts have held in the context of issue preclusion that as a general rule, judicial determinations can bind only parties. The preclusion literature asserts that this parties only requirement does not apply to stare decisis because stare decisis, in contrast to issue preclusion, is a flexible doctrine. Yet stare decisis …

Biodiversity And Mom, John Copeland Nagle

Journal Articles

In December 1973, Congress enacted the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The law was the latest, and greatest, federal effort to prevent wildlife from becoming extinct. The members of Congress who voted for the law always mentioned bald eagles, grizzly bears, whooping cranes, alligators, and whales—the animals, in short, that today are most likely to be memorialized as Beanie Babies. They were also aware of the species that had already disappeared from the earth, such as the passenger pigeon and the great auk. Such images yielded an overwhelming vote in favor of the law. President Nixon signed it on December 28, …

Pope John Paul Ii And The Dignity Of The Human Being, John J. Coughlin

Journal Articles

Since his election in 1978 as the Successor to the Apostle Peter, His Holiness Pope John Paul II has remained one of the principal protagonists on the global stage for the dignity and value of every human being. Although the popular press and media sometimes have been slow to recognize this message, an online search of the Holy Father's copious encyclicals, addresses, and homilies reveals that he has advocated human dignity literally hundreds of times during the course of his twenty-five year pontificate. In fact, long before his election as Pope, Karol Wojtyla was developing his understanding of the dignity …

Retribution: The Central Aim Of Punishment, Gerard V. Bradley

Journal Articles

When I worked for the Manhattan District Attorney's Office in the early 1980s, criminal sentences were consistently and dramatically too lenient. Though those years marked the ebb tide for the rehabilitative ideal of punishment and indeterminate "zip-to-ten" sentences, only career felons and those convicted of the most serious crimes were candidates for the sentences they justly deserved. Hamstrung by apparently silly rules of constitutional etiquette and bureaucratic sclerosis, the police were eclipsed in the mind of the public by the cold-blooded Everyman, bound only by the law of the jungle and some elusive sense of justice. Ultimately, popular demand required …

"My Friend Is A Stranger": The Death Penalty And The Global Ius Commune Of Human Rights, Paolo G. Carozza

Journal Articles

This article examines the judicial use of foreign jurisprudence in human rights adjudication, using as data a set of court decisions regarding the death penalty from over a dozen different tribunals in different parts of the world. The global human rights norms and judicial discourse on human rights in these cases can be understood and explained by comparing the contemporary practices to the medieval ius commune. The modern ius commune of human rights has three distinct characteristics which it shares with the historical example to which it is analogized: it is broadly transnational in scope and application; it is grounded …

Introduction To The Symposium Issue On The Americanization Of International Dispute Resolution, Mary Ellen O'Connell

Journal Articles

With the end of the Cold War and the emergence of the United States as the world's only superpower, we have heard expressions of concern about the great weight of American influence in so many aspects of international life. One area of concern is America's influence on the law and processes of international dispute resolution (IDR). Of all the practice areas in IDR, practitioners and scholars of international arbitration have had the most detailed discussions on this theme to date. Their greatest worry is the growing tendency toward American litigation style in a process that is neither American nor litigation. …

The American Influence On International Arbitration, Roger P. Alford

Journal Articles

It is indisputable that the international arbitration world is an identifiable epistemic community that transcends national borders, and whose members are shaped by their own experience. Increasingly, that experience reflects an American influence, be it heritage, training, affiliation, or client base. In these remarks, Professor Alford addresses three issues related to the Americanization of international arbitration. The first is whether international arbitration has, in fact, only recently become Americanized. He posits instead that there is always an ebb and flow to the level of the United States' involvement in international arbitration. During the drafting and signing of the 1958 New …

Wrongful Conviction, Lawyer Incompetence And English Law - Some Recent Themes, Geoffrey Bennett

Journal Articles

Viewed from a distance the outward appearances of the English Legal System might look reassuringly stable. In fact, nothing could be further from the case. During the last ten years almost every facet of the system, even the constitutional order, has been radically overhauled, or at least significantly modified. The whole system of civil procedure has been recast, after over a hundred years of relatively little major modification, in an attempt to simplify and expedite proceedings with a new emphasis on judicial case management. Perhaps most important of all, the Human Rights Act 1998, which has been effective from October …

From Conquest To Constitutions: Retrieving A Latin American Tradition Of The Idea Of Human Rights, Paolo G. Carozza

Journal Articles

This article explores the historical roots of the Latin American region's strong commitment to the idea of universal human rights, focusing on four key intellectual moments: the ethical response to the Spanish conquest; the rights ideology of the continent's liberal republican revolutions; the articulation of social and economic rights in the Mexican Constitution of 1917; and the Latin American contributions to the genesis of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Constructing a narrative from these examples, the article argues for the recognition of a distinct Latin American tradition within the global discourse of human rights.

Protecting Transgender Families: Strategies For Advocates, Taylor Flynn

Faculty Scholarship

For a transgender (trans) man or woman, what begins as the dissolution of a relationship may be transformed into a public nightmare in which the individual is forced to defend the authenticity of his or her gender in the face of relentless, brutal, and humiliating questions about the most intimate details of personal anatomy and sexual practices. This Article discusses this reality in the case of Michael Kantaras, a transsexual man in Clearwater, Florida in 2002.

Insurance Coverage Settlements And The Rights Of Excess Insurers, John F. O'Connor

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Federal Criminal Law And The Crime-Fraud Exception: Disclosure Of Privileged Conversations And Documents Should Not Be Compelled Without The Government's Factual Foundation Being Tested By The Crucible Of Meaningful Adversarial Testing, Thomas M. Dibiagio

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Virtues And Vices Of Solidarity: Regulating The Roles Of Lawyers For Clients Accused Of Terrorist Activity, Peter Margulies

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Law And Macroeconomics Of The New Deal At 70 , Steven A. Ramirez

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

That Wonderful Year: Smallpox, Genetic Engineering, And Bio-Terrorism, David A. Koplow

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Glover V. State: A Misinterpretation And Misapplication Of The Barker Speedy Trial Balancing Test Results In The Weakening Of A Criminal Defendant's Right To A Prompt Trial, Christopher S. Elmore

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Poultry, Waste, And Pollution: The Lack Of Enforcement Of Maryland's Water Quality Improvement Act, Paul L. Sorisio

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

An Open Debate On United States Citizens Designated As Enemy Combatants: Where Do We Go From Here?, Michael Beattie, Lisa Yonka Stevens

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Bringing Out The Big Guns: The Usa Patriot Act, Money Laundering, And The War On Terrorism, Eric J. Gouvin

Faculty Scholarship

This Article addresses the question of whether the money laundering provisions in the Patriot Act will be effective tools in the effort to intercept terrorist financing to prevent future attacks like those suffered on September 11, 2001, or whether the legislation is instead the modern equivalent of a big noisy anti-aircraft gun -- psychologically useful for showing that something is being done, but not very effective in actually doing the task. This Article concludes that the Act's money laundering provisions will not be effective in intercepting terrorist financing. It reaches that conclusion after examining the current state of United States …

The Colorblind Lottery, Pauline Kim

Scholarship@WashULaw

Although the Supreme Court upheld Michigan Law School's admissions policies in Grutter, the multiple opinions in that case revealed the deep divisions that remain over the legitimacy of race-conscious policies and the meaning of equal protection. At the heart of this division lies disagreement over the concept of colorblindness. For Justices Scalia and Thomas, as well as the advocacy groups that backed the plaintiffs in Grutter and Gratz, colorblindness is an absolute imperative, prohibiting race-conscious decision-making in all but the most dire situations. This insistence on formal colorblindness has lead to the conclusion in several recent court cases that race-conscious …

The New Uniform Securities Act, Joel Seligman

Scholarship@WashULaw

In early August, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (“NCCUSL”) adopted the Uniform Securities Act (2002) at its annual meeting. At that time, there were two earlier versions of the Uniform Securities Act in force.

The Uniform Securities Act of 1956 (“1956 Act”) had been adopted at one time or another, in whole or in part, by 37 jurisdictions. The Revised Uniform Securities Act of 1985 (“RUSA”) had been adopted in only a few States. Both Acts have been preempted in part by the National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996 (“NSMIA”) and the Securities Litigation Uniform …

A Normative Analysis Of The Rights And Duties Of Law Professors To Speak Out, Robert R. Kuehn

Scholarship@WashULaw

As lawyers and members of a profession dedicated to equal justice under law and public service, many law professors have stepped out of the classroom and out of traditional academic scholarship to address perceived injustices in society through efforts such as pro bono litigation and legislative drafting. However, the amount of legally-related public service work by law professors is thought to be quite modest. This article analyzes the normative bases for the rights and duties of law professors to speak out on issues of public concern. It addresses laws that affect the right of a law professor to participate in …

An Ethics Critique Of Interference In Law School Clinics, Robert R. Kuehn, Peter A. Joy

Scholarship@WashULaw

Law school clinics play an important role in training future lawyers and in providing legal assistance to traditionally under-represented individuals and groups. In addition to facing the legal issues present in any law practice, law clinic students and faculty are often confronted with ethical issues that lawyers representing poor and unpopular clients sometimes face - outside interference in case and client selection. This article explores the ethical considerations raised by interference in law school clinic case and client selection and limitations on the means of representation lawyers may employ in representing their clients. The article's analysis provides a useful framework …

A Complete Research Guide To The Laws Of The People's Republic Of China (Prc), Wei Luo, Joan Liu

Scholarship@WashULaw

A guide to the legal systems and laws of the PRC (based on civil law) and of the Hong Kong (based on English common law) and Macao (based on Portuguese law) Special Administrative Regions. Taiwan, with its own legal system, is not included. The guide lists English and Chinese print and nonprint resources, arranged by topic, language, and format.

On The Proper Motives Of Corporate Directors (Or, Why You Don't Want To Invite Homo Economicus To Join Your Board), Lynn A. Stout

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

One of the most important questions in corporate governance is how directors of public corporations can be motivated to serve the interests of the firm. Directors frequently hold only small stakes in the companies they manage. Moreover, a variety of legal rules and contractual arrangements insulate them from liability for business failures. Why then should we expect them to do a good job?

Conventional corporate scholarship has great difficulty wrestling with this question, in large part because conventional scholarship usually adopts the economist's assumption that directors are rational actors motivated purely by self-interest. This homo economicus model of behavior may …

Designing Judicial Review: A Comment On Schauer, Emily Sherwin

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

In his characteristically lucid paper, Neutrality and Judicial Review, Frederick Schauer revisits the meaning and plausibility of Herbert Wechsler’s argument for neutral principles in constitutional adjudication. Unlike some critics, Schauer takes the argument seriously, on its own terms, and does an excellent job of sorting through the different ideas that lie behind it. Schauer identifies four different versions of the argument for neutrality. At least three of these are drawn from Wechsler’s 1959 article. Schauer is particularly interested in a fourth version, which favors neutrality in the design and management of the institution of judicial review.

The Cognitive Components Of Punishment, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski, Forest Jourden

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

How Employment-Discrimination Plaintiffs Fare In The Federal Courts Of Appeals, Kevin M. Clermont, Theodore Eisenberg, Stewart J. Schwab

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Employment-discrimination plaintiffs swim against the tide. Compared to the typical plaintiff, they win a lower proportion of cases during pretrial and after trial. Then, many of their successful cases are appealed. On appeal, they have a harder time in upholding their successes, as well in reversing adverse outcome.

This tough story does not describe some tiny corner of the litigation world. Employment-discrimination cases constitute an increasing fraction of the federal civil docket, now reigning as the largest single category of cases at nearly 10 percent.

In this article, we use official government data to describe the appellate phase of this …

Cutting Science, Ecology, And Transparency Out Of National Forest Management: How The Bush Administration Uses The Judicial System To Weaken Environmental Laws, William Snape Iii

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Masthead, Volume 53 Issue 3 (2003)

Case Western Reserve Law Review

No abstract provided.