Law Commons^™

The Conflict Of Laws: The Experience Of The Australian Federation, Zelman Cowen

Vanderbilt Law Review

For American lawyers conflict of laws problems arise at two levels. One group of problems appears within the area governed by the Federal Constitution, while others arise within a wider international area. The decision of a New York forum in a case involving Michigan elements may very well differ from that reached by the same forum where the foreign elements involve England or France. The Constitution itself is often responsible for this difference. For example, questions of full faith and credit or of due process may be involved. It is not surprising, therefore, that the question has been posed whether …

Enforcement In One Jurisdiction Of Right To Compensation Under Workmen's Compensation Act Of Another Jurisdiction, J. L. Boren Jr.

Vanderbilt Law Review

Since the introduction of workmen's compensation laws in this country, problems of conflict of laws have been rife. This condition has continued despite the universal adoption of such legislation, because the enactments of the various states differ. State legislatures have varied as to the bases of coverage written into their statutes. Frequently, the terms of more than one workmen's compensation law express coverage of a particular injury. Consequently, problems of the law applicable to a given injury have arisen in many cases and have been widely treated by legal writers.' It is not the purpose of this Note to delve …

Recovery Of Damages For Mental Anguish Alone In Breach Of Contract Actions, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Law Review

Before the late 1800's it undoubtedly would have been contrary to law to assert that damages for mental suffering might be allowed in breach of contract actions. However, near the beginning of the Nineteenth Century a few courts made what was considered to be a serious departure from the common law and allowed such damages in certain types of cases. The passing of years has brought about considerable, though incomplete, development in this phase of the law. Not only have legal writers failed to give this development the comment which its significance warrants, but the courts have failed to indicate …

Book Reviews, Harold W. Holt, Harold G. Wren (Reviewer), Walter Chandler (Reviewer), Harold W. Hannah (Reviewer)

Vanderbilt Law Review

Marital Property in Conflict of Laws By Harold Marsh, Jr. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1952. Pp.

reviewer: Harold Wright Holt

===============================

Life Insurance and Estate Tax Planning By William J. Bowe Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, November 1952 Revision. Pp. 109.$2.10

reviewer: Harold G. Wren

================================

Caruthers' History of a Lawsuit Seventh Edition by Sam Gilreath Cincinnati: The W. H. Anderson Company, 1951. Pp. 1088. $17.50.

reviewer: Walter Chandler

===============================

Legal Status of the Tenant Farmer in the Southeast By Charles S.Mangum Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1952.Pp. viii, 478, $7.50.

reviewer: Harold W. Hannah

Federal Control Of Conflict Of Laws, Elliott E. Cheatham

Vanderbilt Law Review

Under our federal system of government two sets of laws operate within the country, the laws of the constituent states and the laws of the central government. For lawyers there is the ever present question, which of them applies to a case: the law of a state, to be interpreted finally by the courts of the state; or national law--federal law, as it is usually called--of which the Supreme Court of the United States is the final arbiter?

Interstate and international matters, with which conflict of laws deals, involve national as well as state interests. In the United States it …

Renvoi In New York And Elsewhere, John D. Falconbridge

Vanderbilt Law Review

In re "Tallmadge" related to the mode of distribution of the residuary estate of one Chadwick. The report of Winthrop, referee, which was confirmed by the Surrogate's Court of New York County, found that "the "renvoi" is no part of New York law," whereas thirty-one years later in "In re Schneider's Estate" it was held by Frankenthaler, Surrogate, also in the Surrogate's Court of New York County, that the "broad assertion in Matter of Tallmadge, supra, that the "renvoi" principle is not applicable in New York is not in accord with the earlier or later cases. The precise limits of …

Utility Of The Jurisdictional Principle In A Policy Centered Conflict Of Laws, Edwin W. Briggs

Vanderbilt Law Review

Various recent studies' have confirmed the suspicion that courts continue to find it necessary to approve and rely heavily on the principle of "legislative jurisdiction" residing in some one state, even though they do not often admit it in so many words. Since the discussion of the problem by courts generally assumes that the single question in conflicts is choice of law, and since one of the most influential writers on the subject in recent times has denied the validity of the jurisdictional principle at the common law as a means of solving a conflicts problem, a study giving further …

Recent Cases, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Law Review

CONFLICT OF LAWS--ANNULMENT FOR MENTAL INCAPACITY--APPLICABILITY OF LAW OF DOMICIL

===============================

CONFLICT OF LAWS -DAMAGES -EFFECT OF OUT-OF-STATE EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT

===============================

CONFLICT OF LAWS --DIRECT ACTION AGAINST INSURER--CONSTITUTIONALITY OF STATUTE REQUIRING APPLICATION TO OUT-OF-STATE INSURANCE POLICIES

===============================

CONFLICT OF LAWS --JURISDICTION -FOREIGN ACTS AFFECTING COMMERCE

===============================

CONFLICT OF LAWS --JURISDICTION --SERVICE ON UNINCORPORATED NONRESIDENT

===============================

CONFLICT OF LAWS --JURISDICTION --TRESPASS TO LAND AS TRANSITORY ACTION

===============================

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE --SUSPENDED SENTENCE --FACTORS CONSIDERED IN REVOCATION

================================

FEDERAL PROCEDURE --RULE 50(b) --TRIAL COURT'S DISCRETION TO GRANT NEW TRIAL OR JUDGMENT

================================

LIMITATION OF ACTIONS --STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION--"ACT OR OMISSION COMPLAINED OF"

================================

PROCEDURE-- …

What Is Happening In The Conflict Of Laws: Three Supreme Court Cases, Wendell Carnahan

Vanderbilt Law Review

An answer to the topical inquiry is "A great deal" but full explanation of the general answer to a very big question cannot be attempted in a single article. Instead, attention will be directed primarily to the opinions in three cases decided on the same day by the Supreme Court of the United States. These cases present problems in the segments of conflict of laws dealing with principles of forum non conveniens and full faith to a statute,' jurisdiction over a foreign corporation and a combination of choice of laws rules and judicial recognition of an alimony award. These cases …

Joint Tortfeasors And The Conflict Of Laws, John W. Wade

Vanderbilt Law Review

Much has been written regarding tort liability and the conflict of laws and there are numerous cases in the field.' But little attention has been paid to the conflicts aspects of the many legal problems which surround the concept of joint tortfeasors. This paper attempts to collect the relatively few decisions on the subject and to analyze the problems involved.

In the beginning it should be made clear that the term "joint tortfeasors" is used, unless otherwise indicated, in the broad, somewhat colloquial sense which most American courts use today. Thus used, it includes both joint tortfeasors in the narrow …

The Boards Of Review Of The Armed Services, Roger M. Currier, Irvin M. Kent

Vanderbilt Law Review

To most attorneys not having been directly associated at some time with the Armed Forces of the United States, the words "boards of review" mean little. Perhaps at the outset it would serve to clarify the matter if each attorney, when thinking of "boards of review," would substitute in his mind the words "courts of appeal" as those words are understood in the federal judicial system. The boards of review can be aptly analogized to our federal courts of appeal because for the bulk of serious cases which arise in the Armed Forces, review by a board of review is …

A Survey Of The Literature Of Military Law -- A Selective Bibliography, William C. Mott, John E. Hartnett Jr., Kenneth B. Morton

Vanderbilt Law Review

In this article the authors attempt to set out, within the space allotted to them, a consideration of the significant writings in the field of American military law --as they understand the term. Apparently, no similar attempt to construct such a bibliography has heretofore been made. To begin with, a definition of terms is important. Military law, in a broad sense, may be said to include martial law, military government, the law of war, and military justice. For purposes of this article, military law is the exercise of military jurisdiction "by a government in the execution of that branch of …

The National Guard And The Federal Tort Claims Act, Stanley D. Rose

Vanderbilt Law Review

In a comment appearing in a previous issue of the Vanderbilt Law Review there was a discussion of the application to military personnel of the Federal Tort Claims Act. One part of that comment may now be expanded. The torts of National Guards men whose units have not been called into federal service do not create a cause of action under the Federal Tort Claims Act. The National Guard of the United States is a reserve component of the Army of the United States. It is made up of the National Guard of the several states, territories and the District …

Recent Cases, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Law Review

Constitutional Law--Constitutionality of Group Libel Statute

Federal Employers Liability Act--Liability for Employment of Man with Violent Tendencies

Federal Jurisdiction--Diversity Jurisdiction and the Multi-State Corporation

Federal Jurisdiction--Erie Railroad Doctrine Extended to State-Created Rights Arising under Special Federal Question Jurisdiction

Labor Law--Picketing--Injunction against Breach of Bargaining Agreement

Landlord and Tenant--Exculpatory Agreement--Effect on Right of Subrogation of Landlord's Insurer

Military Law--Failure to Instruct as Prejudicial Error

Military Law--Infiltration of Command Influence as General Prejudice

Trusts--Distribution of Stock Dividends between Life Tenant and Remainderman

"Military Due Process": What Is It?, Seymour W. Wurfel

Vanderbilt Law Review

On November 27, 1951, the United States Court of Military Appeals, then some five months old, fashioned in the Clay case' what is characterized as a label. It embellished this label with quotation marks at least twice in the course of the opinion. This label, which was, in the language of the Court, used "for lack of a more descriptive phrase,"was "military due process." This, and later use of the term by the Court in other opinions, has caused some students of military law to speculate as to whether there is occurring the emergence of a new doctrine of law. …

Advertising And The Buyer's Remedies, Ronald A. May, John C. Nowell Jr.

Vanderbilt Law Review

The institution of advertising is of comparatively ancient origin.'Indeed, many of the features of modern advertising and many of its abuses were present in the formative period of the common law of sales. However, when the total national expenditure for advertising exceeds five and a half billion dollars, as it did in 1950, there is evidence that this institution has grown beyond the imaginations of the 17th and 18th century jurists. Particularly is this true when we consider the continent-wide scope of present-day advertising. It seems self-evident that the contact which existed between producers and consumers in earlier economic systems …

Ucmj--Does It Work? Evaluation At The Field Level, 18 Months Experience, Chester Ward

Vanderbilt Law Review

Combat area experience of Naval units applying UCMJ in the Korean theatre is now available for appraisal. To foreshadow effects of the new code upon administration of Naval Justice under conditions of another world war, the Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet, directed an on-the-spot survey of the impact of the Code upon all types of naval vessels in the Japan-Korea area. Included were nearly 100 ships, consisting of 9 large combat types, 38 destroyers or destroyer-escorts, 2 submarines, 22 transport and amphibious type and 12 mine-sweepers. The reactions to UCMJ produced through this CINCPACFLT survey are predominantly and primarily those of …

The Court Of Military Appeals -- Its History, Organization And Operation, Daniel Walker, C. George Niebank

Vanderbilt Law Review

When a civilian "supreme court" for the review of court-martial convictions was first proposed in Congress, it evoked immediate, vociferous and emotional reactions from those most directly concerned with military criminal law. Vigorous opposition came from the traditional militarist, who argued that there was no place for civilians in a military procedure, and that creation of such a court would place unnecessary emphasis on civilian influence. It was said that military effectiveness would be unduly restricted and that the nonmilitary mind would not be able to appreciate fully the military problems often involved in court-martial cases. Some of these officers …

Habeas Corpus And Court-Martial Prisoners, James Snedeker

Vanderbilt Law Review

The origin of habeas corpus is lost in the mists of history. The leading idea, deliverance by summary legal process from illegal confinement, was present in the laws of countries in existence prior to the beginning of the English law and in other countries which derived none of their principles of jurisprudence or rules of procedure from English law. It was known to Roman law and to old Spanish law. It was recognized by the Magna Charta in 1215, although such recognition was probably not a primary purpose of the barons in forcing King John to sign that document. The …

A Comparative Study Of Military Justice Reforms In Britain And America, Robert S. Pasley Jr.

Vanderbilt Law Review

The Articles of War and the Rules for the Government of the United States Navy which were adopted by the Continental Congress in 1775 were patterned after the corresponding military and naval codes in effect at the time in Great Britain.' Since their initial adoption, they have each been amended on several occasions, and have finally been brought together into a single set of articles known as the Uniform Code of Military Justice, enacted in 1950. Similarly, the British statutes and procedures relating to military justice have been revised from time to time, most recently as a result of the …

Book Reviews, Reginald C. Harmon (Reviewer), A. B. Butts (Reviewer), Rollin M. Perkins (Reviewer), Stanley D. Rose (Reviewer), Charles H. Livengood, Jr. (Reviewer), Keith W. Blinn (Reviewer)

Vanderbilt Law Review

Military Justice under the Uniform Code

By James Snedeker

Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1953. $15.00.

reviewer: Reginald C. Harmon

===================================

Conscription of Conscience

By Mulford Q. Sibley and Philip E. Jacob

Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1952. Pp. x, 580. $6.50.

reviewer: A. B. Butts

====================================

Theft, Law and Society

By Jerome Hall

Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc. Second Edition, 1952. Pp. xxiv, 398. $10.00.

reviewer: Rollin M. Perkins

======================================

Freedom of the Press in England 1476-1776

By Fredrick S. Siebert

Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1952. Pp. xiv, 411. $7.50.

reviewer: Stanley D. Rose

=========================================

Wage-Hour Law: Coverage

By Heiman …

Foreword: Comments By The Court, Robert E. Quinn

Vanderbilt Law Review

The United States Court of Military Appeals has been referred to as the "most vital element" in the reformation and unification of military criminal law brought about by the Uniform Code of Military Justice. It represents a further extension of civilian control over the military--a concept long deemed vital to the American framework of democratic government.

The Court is not faced with an easy task, and no one is more aware of this than the judges themselves. Like all institutions established as a result of reform movements, its activities are subject to close public scrutiny. The work of the Court …

The Background Of The Uniform Code Of Military Justice, Edmund M. Morgan

Vanderbilt Law Review

The Articles of War and the Articles for the Government of the Navy have always constituted the code of criminal law and criminal procedure for the Armed Forces. In contrast to the law governing civilians, the punishments imposable are not specified in the Code but are left to be fixed by the military authorities, except that the later codes do not authorize punishment by death save for specifically designated offenses. The system also provides for summary punishment for minor infractions and a series of courts--a general court having power to try all offenses, a special court with limited power to …

Charles Evans Hughes: An Appeal To The Bar Of History, Alpheus T. Mason

Vanderbilt Law Review

Preparations for this Pulitzer prize-winning biography began in 1932 when a Princeton University undergraduate, Henry C. Beerits, took Hughes' public career as the topic of his senior thesis. On the suggestion of friends and instructors Beerits sent his sympathetic, uncritical essay to the Chief Justice. Evidently much pleased, Hughes promptly invited the youthful author to Washington, where he spent nearly a year arranging the Justice's public papers. Many sessions were spent together; the Chief Justice reminisced at great length, all this being noted down and turned over to Mr. Pusey. After retirement in 1941 the Chief Justice wrote "several hundred …

Paths To Constitutional Home Rule For Municipalities, Wallace Mendelson

Vanderbilt Law Review

A basic American tradition is that problems which are national in scope (i.e., which "affect more states than one") shall be handled by the national government, while problems of merely state-wide concern are left for state government. Municipal home rule is the application of this basic principal in the relationship of the state to its towns and cities. To put the matter in the most simple and direct terms--nothing should be done at the national level that can be done efficiently by the states and nothing should be handled at the state level that can be dealt with effectively by …

The Moral Element In Supreme Court Decisions, Samuel E. Stumpf

Vanderbilt Law Review

Does the United States Supreme Court decide cases on the basis of moral and ethical value judgments? Such a question may reveal a misunderstanding of the nature of law as well as the nature of the judicial process. Moreover, to expect the Court to roam in the field of morals may indicate a failure to take into account the limitations placed upon the Court both by our federal system and by the division of powers. Indeed, a reading of the Supreme Court decisions for the past twenty years reveals a manful resistance on the part of the judges to intrude …

The Federal Declaratory Remedy: Justiciability, Jurisdiction And Related Problems, George W. Pugh

Vanderbilt Law Review

Procedure represents the body of doctrinal rules which prescribe the etiquette of counsel and courts. It deals with the means, not the ends of litigation, and in a purely theoretical sense, it may be set apart from the so-called "substantive rights" which give procedure its life and meaning. But, of course, from a practical standpoint, the two are inseparable. Since procedure exists solely to complement and implement the "rights" afforded by law, it might appear that the body of procedural doctrine would be but a compendium of pragmatically proved efficient conduct. The articulate law student can provide ample evidence to …

Congress Or The Courts As Final Arbiter In Tax Disputes?, William J. Bowe

Vanderbilt Law Review

During the last two years the Supreme Court of the United States has handed down only five income tax opinions. The box score stands four for the Government, one for the taxpayer. None of the cases involved modifications in fundamental concepts of tax law or resulted in major policy changes in the administration of the fiscal system. The record for the taxpayer is far more impressive in the Congress than it is in the courts. As will be pointed out later Congress rather than the Supreme Court is tending to become the final arbiter in tax disputes. Problems that were …

Recent Cases, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Law Review

Recent Cases

Agency--Liability of Master for Servant's Acts--State Permit to Operate

Agency--Possession as Indicia of Ownership

Constitutional Law--Aliens--Detention Where Deportations is Impossible

Courts--Contempt--Delay in Summary Punishment

Criminal Law--Habitual Criminal Statutes--Meaning of Previous Conviction Requirement

Domestic Relations--Liability of Husband for Necessaries of Wife Rightfully Living Apart

Income Taxation--Excludibility from Gross Income of Payment over Ceiling Price

Income Taxation--Taxable Income--Claim of Right

Procedure--Grand Jury--Motion to Expunge Defamatory Remarks in Report

Procedure--Statute of Limitations--Retroactive Operation

Statutes--Holding of Unconstitutionality Overruled--Necessity for Re-Enactment

Wills--Contest--Interest of Legatee's Representative

Book Reviews, Ralph F. Fuchs, Will A. Wilkerson, Walter C. Lindley, Robert S. Lancaster, Vincent V. Thursby

Vanderbilt Law Review

Administrative Procedure Legislation in the State

By Ferrell Heady

Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1952. Pp. 137. $1.00.

reviewer: Ralph F. Fuchs

=========================

Bar Examinations and Requirements for Admission to the Bar Prepared by Committee on Bar Examinations and Requirements for Admission to the Bar for the Survey of the Legal Profession

Colorado Springs: Shepard's Citations. 1952. Pp. xvii, 498. $5.00.

reviewer: Will Allen Wilkerson

========================

Trial Judge

By Bernard Botein

New York: Simon and Schuster, 1952.Pp. 337 $5.00.

reviewer: Walter C. Lindley

==========================

The Spirit of Liberty: Papers and Addresses of Learned Hand Collected and with Introduction and …