Law Commons^™

Legal Research In The Federal Republic Of Germany: A Concise Presentation Of Basic Publications, Ralph Lansky

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article provides information about legal literature and research in the Federal Republic of Germany. Twenty-four basic works are reviewed, including a dozen important law books and legal periodicals and a dozen legal bibliographies that help to locate additional legal information. In addition, a few other publications are briefly discussed. This Article addresses the use of selective legal materials and as a result is very basic. Its objective is to introduce the novice to German legal literature.

Most of the books concern the law of the Federal Republic of Germany. A few that are published in that country cover comparative …

United States Research Of The Law Of The Communist-Ruled States Of Europe, Ivan Sipkov

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The legal system of the Soviet Union, developed after the 1917 October Revolution, was introduced, with some variations, in several European, Asian, and Latin American states during the last years of World War II. These states have been characterized, both officially and unofficially, as "Soviet-type republics," "People's republics," "Socialist republics," and "Communist states." Their legal systems, although patterned after the Soviet Union legal system, developed in different directions. Today, the various legal systems of these republics are clearly distinguishable; however, one common feature is present: the states are ruled by one Communist party to the exclusion of other parties.

Case Digest, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

APPLICATION OF UNITED STATES LAW TO A FOREIGN SEAMAN'S SUIT DEPENDS UPON THE SUBSTANTIALITY OF THE FOREIGN DEFENDANT'S CONTACTS WITH THE UNITED STATES--Szumlicz v. Norwegian America Line, Inc., 698 F.2d 1192 (11th Cir. 1983).

RECOVERY PURSUANT TO THE FISHERMEN'S PROTECTIVE ACT FOR LOSSES RESULTING FROM SEIZURE OF VESSLS FISHING IN DISPUTED WATERS Is NOT LIMITED TO CITIZENS AND RESIDENT ALIENS OF THE UNITED STATES-CrUZ V. Zapata Ocean Resources, Inc., 695 F.2d 428 (9th Cir. 1982).

UNITED STATES SUPPORT OF CANADIAN SEARCH OF UNITED STATES VESSEL ON THE HIGH SEAS DID NOT VIOLATE DEFENDANT'S FOURTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS--United States v. Hensel, 699 …

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Emerging Financial Centers: Legal and Institutional Framework

Edited by Robert C. Effros

Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1982. Pp. xvi, 1150. $35.00.

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The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act

By George C. Greanias and Duane Windsor

Lexington, Massachusetts: Heath and Co.,1982. Pp. ix, 187. $23.95.

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Foreign Commerce and the Antitrust Laws Vols. I-II.

By Wilbur L. Fugate

Boston and Toronto: Little, Brown and Company, 1982. Vol. I, pp. xxiv, 427; vol. II, pp. xxiv, 460. $100.00.

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The Fund Agreement in the Courts: Volume II.

By Joseph Gold

Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1982. Pp.xii, 499. $17.50.

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International Capital …

The Japanese Law In English: Some Thoughts On Scope And Method, Dan F. Henderson

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Japanese law is a fledgling topic of comparative law in this country. The rapid growth of bilateral business and the integration of the United States and Japanese economies in recent years suggest the need for increased attention to this area. This Article first examines the prewar antecedents and the postwar developments of Japanese law in English in this country. It then reviews the present law school environment for the study of Japanese law as a comparative law subject. Finally, it briefly addresses three key issues basic to the development of this subject.

Book Reviews, David M. Helfeld, Robert N. Covington, Howard J. Taubenfeld

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

U.S. Multinationals and Worker Participation in Management: The American Experience in the European Community By Ton DeVos Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books, 1981. Pp. 229.

Reviewed by David M. Helfeld

Cooperation between Management and Labor By Walter Kolvenbach Deventer, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers, 1982. Pp. 89. Dfl. 65.00, $26.00.

Reviewed by Robert N. Covington

Utilization of Outer Space and International Law By Gijs Bertha C.M. Reijnen. Amsterdam, Oxford, New York: Elsevier,1981. Pp. 179. $65.30.

Reviewed by Howard J. Taubenfeld

Recent Decisions, Timothy J. Peaden, Charles S. Baugh, Marc W. Joseph, Melissa Q. Windham

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Antitrust--Noerr-Pennington Extends Immunity from Sherman Act to Foreign Litigation and Foreign Acts that result in Alleged Antitrust Violations, Coastal States Marketing, Inc. v. Hunt, 694 F.2d 1358 (5th Cir. 1983).

Antitrust--Foreign Import Cartels are Liable under the Sherman Act although domestic export competitors are shielded with a Webb-Pomerene exemption. Daishowa International v. North Coast Export Co., 1982-2 Trade Cas.64,774 (N.D. Cal.).

An Analysis Of The Proposition Of Accession Of The European Communities To The European Convention On Human Rights, Yves Quintin

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Considering the numerous problems created by the accession, including the length of time required and the administrative burdens placed on the EC, one may question the value of this project. The creation of a catalogue of rights, however, will require as much time as the accession. As Professor Schermers points out, producing such a catalogue specifically for the EC will further split Western Europe, isolate the other members of the Council of Europe, and limit the effectiveness of the ECHR to the extent that the provisions in the catalogue would offer higher standards of protection. One may argue, however, that …

Extraterritorial Effects Of United States Commercial And Antitrust Legislation: A View From "Down Under", Warren Pengilley

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

British Commonwealth lawyers, in general, and Australian lawyers, in particular, traditionally maintain a conservative view of the extraterritorial reach of commercial legislation. As a result of the Alcoa decision in 1945, if not earlier decisions, the United States courts have espoused fairly grand ideas on the stretch of their judicial writ. In fact, the "effects" doctrine was first proclaimed in 1909 by the United States Supreme Court in American Banana Co. v. United Fruit Co. In this case, the Court proclaimed that the United States has the power to punish "acts done outside [the] jurisdiction but intended to produce and …

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Casebook on Carriage by Sea.

By E.R. Hardy Ivamy

London: Lloyd's of London Press, 1982. Pp. xxxix, 203. £11.50.

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Casebook on Shipping Law

By E.R. Hardy Ivamy

London: Lloyd's of London Press, 1982. Pp. xxx, 205. £11.50.

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Regional Development Agencies in Europe

Edited by Douglas Yuill

Hampshire, England: Gower, 1982. Pp. vii, 449.$44.50.

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United States Trade Policy Legislation: A Canadian View

By Rodney de C. Grey

Montreal: The Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1982. Pp. xvii, 130. $7.95.

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Transfer of Technology: U.S. Multinationals and Eastern Europe

By Marilyn L. Liebrenz

New York: Praeger Publishers, 1982. …

Book Reviews, Horace B. Robertson, Jr., W. David Slawson

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica Edited by J. Charney Totowa, New Jersey: Allenheld Osmun, 1982.Pp. ix, 343.

Reviewed by Horace B. Robertson, Jr.

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Law and Inflation By Keith S. Rosenn Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982. Pp. xxxix, 451.

Reviewed by W. David Slawson

Back To Square One: Estoppel Against The Government After Immigration And Naturalization Service V. Miranda, Gerald J. Pels

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In this nation of immigrants, few matters of public policy arouse more intense or divisive public debate than the subject of change in our immigration and naturalization laws. Presently, our system of immigration laws, which is grounded upon antiquated procedure, is being tested by new problems. For example, the increase in political asylum cases and the influx of aliens from the third world have posed new challenges for these outdated procedures. The 97th Congress considered adopting the Simpson-Mazzoli bill in 1982 to alleviate the problems.

The Senate passed the Simpson-Mazzoli bill on August 17,1982, but the House did not act …

International Tax Evasion: Spawned In The United States And Nurtured By Secrecy Havens, Allaire U. Karzon

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The United States system of income taxation is predicated upon the voluntary self-assessment and payment of tax. Voluntary compliance, in turn, depends upon the confidence of United States citizens that the taxation system is basically fair, that the tax burden essential to maintain the government is shared by all in proportion to their net income, and that those who cheat are discovered and prosecuted. Circumstances that allow certain taxpayers to escape their proper tax liability successfully tempt others to seek tax evasion devices for themselves, and, more importantly, demoralize the conscientious majority who pay their just share of taxes but …

The Legal Status Of United States Involvement In The Camp David Peace Process, Farooq Hassan

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In one context or another, the turmoil in the Middle East has been tragic not only for the states in the region but for the prospects of world peace. Because of this, the United States has been both directly and indirectly involved in the crises that have erupted there from time to time. A major milestone was reached when, largely due to the personal efforts of President Carter, Egypt and Israel signed the Camp David agreements on September 17, 1978, in Washington, D.C. The United States played a key role in the execution of these agreements and consequential instruments. Indeed, …

The Constitutionality Of The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Of 1978, Judith B. Anderson

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Within its more limited scope, the Belfield decision provides a helpful approach to FISA cases by articulating both a solid rationale for FISA's in camera, ex parte provision and a workable balancing approach for determining whether open proceedings may be necessary. The Falvey decision, although broader in scope, does not provide a satisfactory rationale for FISA's deviation from the traditional fourth amendment warrant requirement, nor does it articulate a workable approach to evaluating a FISA-warranted surveillance. The Falvey court, by predicating its upholding of FISA on an acceptance of the national security exception, may perpetuate a debate that the statute …

United States Employment Taxation Of German Nationals Working In The United States, John L. Gornall, Jr., Kevin Conboy

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Article begins with a discussion of the general application of FICA, SECA, and FUTA to nonresident aliens. Knowledge of the ordinary United States employment taxation scheme is necessary for an understanding of how the totalization agreement works.

The second part of this Article explains how totalization agreements between the United States and certain foreign countries--including the Federal Republic of Germany--have altered the United States employment taxation of nonresident aliens. These agreements generally provide the following: (1) the foreign worker and employer may pay taxes and receive benefits from either the home country or the temporary host country, but in …

Case Digest, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Case Digest

Administrative Procedural Due Process Supported in Major Foreign Policy Dispute --Dresser Industries, Inc. v. Baldrige, 549 F. Supp. 108 (D.D.C. 1982).

Permanent Resident Alien Attempting to Reenter the United States is Entitled to Due Process in an Exclusionary Hearing --Landon v. Plasencia, 103 S. Ct. 321 (1982).

Alien does not Have a Fourteenth Amendment Interest in a Procedure to Stay Deportation Where the INS Established the Procedure for Administrative --Wong ChungWen v. Ferro, 543 F. Supp. 1016 (W.D.N.Y. 1982).

A Plaintiff Suing a Foreign Sovereign's Insurer is not Entitled to a Trial by Jury --Goar v. Compania Peruana …

A New Classification Of Law For A Foreign, Comparative, And International Research Law Library, Jan Stepan

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The Swiss Institute of Comparative Law seated at Lausanne was established by the federal statute of October 6, 1978. The Institute is envisioned as a center for the "documentation of and research into comparative, foreign, and international law." According to the statute and the implementing decree of December 19, 1979, the Institute serves the following purposes:

(1) to supply federal agencies and the federal administration with material and studies that may be needed for decisions concerning legislation and international treaties; (2) to contribute towards international efforts at the harmonization and unification of law; (3) to provide information and expert opinions …

Case Digest, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

FORCED ENTRY OF THE SINGLE CABIN OF A 27-FOOT SAILING SLOOP TO CONDUCT A DOCUMENT AND SAFETY INSPECTION Is NOT AN UNREASONABLE SEARCH--United States v. Thompson, 710 F.2d 1500(11th Cir. 1983).

EXCLUDABLE ALIENS HAVE A CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO A HEARING AFTER THE INITIAL PERIOD OF DETENTION--Fernandez-Roque v. Smith, 567 F. Supp. 1115 (N.D. Ga. 1983).

EXCLUSIONARY RULE BARs USE IN DEPORTATION PROCEEDINGS OF EVIDENCE OBTAINED BY INS OFFICERS IN VIOLATION OF THE FOURTH AMENDMENT--Lopez-Mendoza v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 705 F.2d 1059 (9th Cir. 1983) (en banc).

LABOR UNION HAS STANDING TO MAINTAIN ACTION FOR VIOLATION OF DUE PROCESS RIGHTS …

Criminal Liability Of Corporate Officers For Strict Liability Offenses - Another View, Kathleen F. Brickey

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article offers an alternative analysis of the doctrine articulated by the Supreme Court in Dotterweich and Park and its subsequent application by the Ninth Circuit. In the course of so doing, it suggests that Professor Abrams has lost sight of the public welfare offense model that provided the analytical framework within which the cases were decided and that his postulates may thus be faulted as lacking in context. The analysis in this Article demonstrates that the responsible share standard of liability has, from the outset, incorporated the requirement of an act or omission to act and that of causation …

Book Review: Federal Rulemaking, Jeffrey A. Parness

Vanderbilt Law Review

In the 1979 Annual Report on the State of the Judiciary'Chief Justice Burger called for a fresh look at the entire federal rule making process. Following the Chief Justice's lead, the Federal Judicial Center' responded with a report by Winifred R. Brown entitled Federal Rulemaking: Problems and Possibilities. In a foreward to that report Professor A. Leo Levin, the Federal Judicial Center's director, discouraged any attempt to intiate "a thorough review of the strengths and weaknesses of the process," and advised the author instead to focus "on those aspects of the process that had been singled out for criticism and …

Rule 10b-5-The Equivalent Scope Of Liability Under Respondeat Superior And Section 20(A)-Imposing A Benefit Requirement On Apparent Authority, Carol M. Lynch

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Note demonstrates that the scope of employer liability for employees' rule 10b-5 violations is no broader under a proper application of respondeat superior than under section 20(a). This Note does not address the question whether respondeat superior applies under rule 10b-5, but rather how courts should apply it.

Part II examines the majority, minority, and Third Circuit decisions on employer liability. Part III discusses the traditional analysis under both respondeat superior and section 20(a) and compares the scope of liability under each one. Part III concludes that except for an employer's liability for acts that are within an employee's …

Burdens Of Proof: Degrees Of Belief, Quanta Of Evidence, Or Constitutional Guarantees?, C.M.A. Mccauliff

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article analyzes the whole range of burdens of proof as well as their constitutional implications. Part H of the Article discusses the traditional burdens of proof and the use of probability theory in legal fact finding. Part HI of the Article studies the decision making processes of law enforcement officers, the judges that review their decisions, and the decision making processes in appellate and administrative review. Part IV of the Article returns to the trial process and analyzes burdens of proof, not as degrees of belief, but as reflections of constitutional due process that mandate a required degree of …

Collateral Estoppel Without Mutuality: Accepting The Bernhard Doctrine, William S. Byassee

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Note adopts a more moderate position: the Bernhard doctrine is but a minor alteration of collateral estoppel principles. It has not and will not generate the unfairness and injustice that its critics have predicted. After tracing the development of the principle of collateral estoppel from its origins in early English common law, this Note discusses some suggested justifications for the mutuality requirement and some generally accepted exceptions to its use. It then examines the growth of the Bernhard doctrine and compares how the courts have applied both the mutuality requirement and the Bernhard doctrine. Finally, the Note seeks to …

Defensive Responses To Tender Offers And The Williams Act's Prohibition Against Manipulation, Elliott J. Weiss

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Article discusses whether arrangements designed to ensure the success of a favored bidder or simply to defeat an unwanted tender offer are "manipulative acts or practices" barred by section 14(e).' It argues that the critical issue is whether an arrangement significantly obstructs the operation of a fair auction market for a target company's shares. The Article maintains that recent Supreme Court decisions interpreting section 14(e) and other antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws provide substantial support for this approach to interpreting section 14(e). The Article first discusses the definition of section 14(e) manipulation. The recent Marathon decision provides …

Baseball's Third Strike: The Triumph Of Collective Bargaining In Professional Baseball, Robert A. Mccormick

Vanderbilt Law Review

Since the inception of professional baseball, team owners have imposed limits on the freedom of players to negotiate contract terms. In this article Professor McCormick traces the history of attempts by professional baseball players to obtain contractual freedoms through the use of the antitrust and labor relations laws, attempts that culminated with the players' strike of 1981. Although players in other team sports successfully have utilized antitrust laws to increase player bargaining power, Professor McCormick argues that labor law has provided baseball players the only effective means to gain increased contractual freedoms. Professor McCormick concludes that player-owner disputes over the …

Foreign Exchange Sales And The Law Of Contracts: A Case For Analogy To The Uniform Commercial Code, Michael L. Manire

Vanderbilt Law Review

The purpose of this Note is not only to benefit lawyers and judges who must confront these problems in litigation, but also to provide participants in the foreign exchange market with both an understanding of the legal significance of their procedures for making foreign exchange contracts and an appreciation of the possible legal consequences of the mistakes that inevitably result from fol-lowing these procedures.

Disclosure And Civil Use Of Immunized Testimony, Elizabeth J. Schwartz

Vanderbilt Law Review

This Recent Development examines the current conflict among the circuits. This study first explores the rationales under-lying use immunity and contrasts them with the guidelines formulated by the Supreme Court for controlling judicial disclosure of grand jury testimony. Second, this Recent Development examines the analyses used by the federal courts in determining whether to release immunized grand jury testimony for civil use's and the effect of disclosure on a witness' claim of fifth amendment privilege.This study submits that in their effort to promote civil discovery,several courts have misconstrued the scope and effect of the disclosure power and have usurped the …

Book Review: Unlikely Heroes By Jack Bass, David B. Filvaroff

Vanderbilt Law Review

Unlikely Heroes is designed for both the lawyer and the general reader. It does not purport to offer careful legal analysis of constitutional doctrine or to measure the Fifth Circuit's actions during this era against any articulated concept of the proper role of the judiciary in a federal system. To the extent that Bass raises any questions about the propriety of the judges' conduct or decisions, he appears to conclude that they were fully justified by the nature of the issues presented and by the demands of the times.Whatever its intended audience, however, the book would have benefited from a …

Updating The Antitrust Guide On International Operations, Eleanor M. Fox

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Since the enactment of the antitrust laws, policy makers, scholars, and business executives have debated whether the United States antitrust laws chill export and investment abroad. The terms of the debate have not changed significantly for more than a decade. The law and the government's enforcement policies, however, have changed. Since the United States Department of Justice issued its Guide on Antitrust and International Operations (Guide) on January 26, 1977, law and enforcement policy have become more hospitable to private business decisions that would increase exports and foreign investment.

This Article attempts to update the Guide. It is confined largely …